CN219017744U - Reconfigurable battery plug box and energy storage system - Google Patents
Reconfigurable battery plug box and energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219017744U CN219017744U CN202222549815.8U CN202222549815U CN219017744U CN 219017744 U CN219017744 U CN 219017744U CN 202222549815 U CN202222549815 U CN 202222549815U CN 219017744 U CN219017744 U CN 219017744U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reconfigurable battery plug box and an energy storage system, and belongs to the field of energy storage. The reconfigurable battery box comprises a plurality of battery core circuits; a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series or parallel. The battery energy storage system comprises a plurality of reconfigurable battery plug boxes, a battery plug box converter and an energy storage converter; each reconfigurable battery plug-in box is connected with a battery plug-in box converter; the battery side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with the anode and the cathode of the reconfigurable battery plug box, and the cascade side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with other battery plug box converters in series to form a complete battery cluster; the series battery plug-in box converter is connected with the direct current side of the energy storage converter. The utility model avoids the short-circuit effect caused when a certain cell or cell plug box in the electric pile reaches the cut-off voltage or fails.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a reconfigurable battery plug box and an energy storage system.
Background
At present, the capacity requirement of a large-scale energy storage system on an energy storage pile is increasingly larger, and a large number of battery plug boxes in the pile are connected in series and parallel to form a main means for expanding the capacity of the energy storage system. In practical projects, 1-10 battery cells are generally connected in parallel to form a battery module, and then 12-24 battery modules are connected in series to form a battery plug box, wherein the battery plug box is the minimum operation unit during maintenance of a galvanic pile. As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of battery receptacles are typically connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the voltage of the battery cluster is typically matched with the dc voltage range of the energy storage converter. The direct current side of each energy storage converter is connected with a plurality of parallel battery clusters, namely electric piles. Fig. 1 shows a composition of a pile and an energy storage converter in a conventional energy storage system.
But the inconsistency of each cell after series-parallel connection becomes a constraint factor of the overall performance of the cell stack. After the single cell in the cell stack reaches the charge-discharge cut-off voltage, the whole cell stack has to stop charge-discharge, otherwise, the cell failure is caused, and even accidents such as fire disaster are caused.
Fig. 4 shows a single cell charge-discharge graph, and it is apparent that at the end of charge-discharge, the voltage of the cells varies dramatically, the voltage difference of the cells in the whole cell stack increases due to the inconsistency of the cells, some cells have reached the under-voltage protection point, and some cells still have a certain available capacity.
Furthermore, although the energy storage converter is provided with a small-current charging mode such as constant-voltage charging and floating charging, an overvoltage alarm of individual cells in the cell stack can occur at the later stage of a high-power constant-current charging stage, so that the whole cell stack cannot enter a constant-voltage and floating charging state, namely, the cell stack is stopped. According to engineering experience, the working mode can lose at least 4% of the charge and discharge capacity of the galvanic pile. As the operating time of the stack is lengthened, the consistency is deteriorated, and the loss of charge and discharge capacity is further increased.
The prior solution is to use a battery management system, which not only monitors the operation conditions of the voltage, the temperature and the like of each battery cell, but also adopts the modes of active equalization or passive equalization and the like to ensure that the battery cells with higher voltage are less charged in a single battery plug box and the battery cells with lower voltage are less discharged in discharging. However, the equalization capability is limited, and only the equalization among the cells inside a single battery plug box can be managed, and the short-circuit effect of the galvanic pile often occurs in practical projects.
Fig. 2 shows a battery management system within a single battery compartment, including acquisition and equalization circuitry. For the energy storage system, the capacity of the battery core is almost 120Ah or more, so that the active equalization current of 2A-5A or the passive equalization current of 1000mA has very limited effect on the short-circuit effect of the energy storage system caused by the series-parallel connection of the battery cores.
Based on the use of battery management systems, manufacturers propose to use a series-connected energy storage converter, i.e. each battery cluster is connected with an energy storage converter, and the battery clusters are not connected in parallel. The battery clusters where the short-circuit battery cells or the plug boxes are located can be withdrawn at any time, and the other battery clusters continue to charge and discharge. However, when a single cell or a battery plug box reaches a charge-discharge cut-off voltage, the whole cluster stops running, and the capacity of other cells is still limited. Fig. 3 shows a system composition of a conventional series-type energy storage converter and a pile.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a reconfigurable battery plug box and an energy storage system, which can avoid the short-circuit effect caused by the fact that a certain battery or battery plug box in a galvanic pile reaches a cut-off voltage or fails.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the utility model, a reconfigurable battery box is provided, the reconfigurable battery box comprising a plurality of cell circuits;
a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series or parallel.
The utility model further improves that:
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and a first switch is connected in series with the positive electrode of the cell; the second switch is connected in parallel with the battery cell; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the second switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit, and the common end of the second switch and the first switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the cathodes and the anodes of all the cell circuits are sequentially connected, namely a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series to form the reconfigurable battery plug-in box.
The utility model further improves that:
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series and then connected with the cell in parallel; the common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core in the adjacent battery core circuit through the fifth switch; meanwhile, the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit through the sixth switch; the positive electrode of the battery cell and the common end of the third switch are connected with one end of the seventh switch, and the other end of the seventh switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with one end of the eighth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, namely, a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the reconfigurable battery plug boxes.
The utility model further improves that:
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series and then connected with the cell in parallel; the common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit; the positive electrode of the battery core is connected with one end of a seventh switch through the common end of the third switch, the other end of the seventh switch is connected with one end of a ninth switch, and the other end of the ninth switch is connected with the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch in the adjacent battery core circuit; meanwhile, the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch is connected with one end of the tenth switch, and the other end of the tenth switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with one end of the eighth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, namely, a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the reconfigurable battery plug boxes.
In a second aspect of the present utility model, a battery energy storage system is provided, which includes a plurality of reconfigurable battery boxes, battery box converters and energy storage converters;
each reconfigurable battery plug-in box is connected with a battery plug-in box converter;
the battery side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with the anode and the cathode of the reconfigurable battery plug box, and the cascade side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with other battery plug box converters in series to form a complete battery cluster; the series battery plug-in box converter is connected with the direct current side of the energy storage converter.
The utility model further improves that:
the battery energy storage system further comprises a centralized control device;
the battery management system, the energy storage converter and the battery plug-in box converter can be respectively communicated with the centralized control device.
The utility model further improves that:
each of the battery plug-in box converters includes: the main control unit, and the DC/DC conversion circuit and the communication interface which are respectively connected with the main control unit.
The utility model further improves that:
connecting the positive electrode of the battery side interface of the DC/DC conversion circuit with the positive electrode of the cascade side interface by using a wire, and arranging a through switch on the wire;
the positive and negative electrodes of the converter-side interface of the DC/DC conversion circuit are connected by a wire, and a bypass switch is provided on the wire.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model avoids the short-circuit effect caused when a certain cell or cell plug box in the electric pile reaches the cut-off voltage or fails.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a primary topology of a conventional dc-side system.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a prior art battery management system equalization topology.
Fig. 3 is a primary topology of a prior art series dc-side system.
Fig. 4 is a graph of charge and discharge of a conventional single cell.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first construction of the reconfigurable battery box of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a second construction of the reconfigurable battery box of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a third construction of the reconfigurable battery box of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is a primary topology of the energy storage system of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is a communication topology of the energy storage system of the present utility model.
Fig. 10 is a topology of the battery-to-tank converter of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the present utility model provides a reconfigurable battery box including a plurality of cell circuits connected in series or parallel.
An embodiment of the reconfigurable battery box is as follows:
[ embodiment one ]
The first structure of the reconfigurable battery box is shown in fig. 5, where a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series. Specifically, each cell circuit comprises a cell, a first switch is connected in series on the positive electrode of the cell (the connection end of the positive electrode of the cell and the first switch is the common end of the positive electrode of the cell and the first switch), a second switch is connected in parallel on the cell (the connection end of the second switch and the negative electrode of the cell is the common end of the negative electrode of the cell and the second switch, the connection end of the second switch and the first switch is the common end of the first switch and the second switch), the common end of the negative electrode of the cell and the second switch is used as the negative electrode of the cell circuit, and the common end of the second switch and the first switch is used as the positive electrode of the cell circuit.
The cathodes and the anodes of all the cell circuits are sequentially connected, and a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series to form the reconfigurable battery plug-in box. Under normal conditions, the negative electrode of the leftmost cell circuit is output as the negative electrode of the whole battery plug box, and the positive electrode of the rightmost cell circuit is input as the positive electrode of the whole battery plug box.
The battery jack in the embodiment shown in fig. 5 includes N battery cell circuits, each of which has one battery cell, a first switch K1 is connected in series to the positive electrode of the battery cell 1, and a second switch S1 is connected in parallel to the battery cell 1, where the common terminal of the negative electrode of the battery cell 1 and the second switch S1 is used as the negative electrode of the first battery cell circuit, and the common terminal of the second switch S1 and the first switch K1 is used as the positive electrode of the first battery cell circuit. Similarly, the positive electrode of the battery core 2 is connected with a first switch K2 in series, meanwhile, the battery core 2 is connected with a second switch S2 in parallel, the common end of the negative electrode of the battery core 2 and the second switch S2 is used as the negative electrode of the second battery core circuit, the common end of the second switch S2 and the first switch K2 is used as the positive electrode of the second battery core circuit, and so on. The positive electrode of the first cell circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the second cell circuit, the positive electrode of the second cell circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the third cell circuit, and the N cell circuits are connected in series to form the reconfigurable battery plug-in box. Under normal conditions, N electric cores are connected in series, at the moment, the negative electrode of the first electric core circuit is used as the negative electrode output of the whole battery plug box, and the positive electrode of the Nth electric core circuit is used as the positive electrode input of the whole battery plug box.
When the battery is used, the initial state is that all the switches are disconnected, and the group of the battery cells is reconstructed through the opened and closed switches. Under normal conditions, the first switches K1, K2 are all closed until KN, and the second switches S1 to SN are all kept open, at which time the N cells are connected in series. If the first battery cell 1 on the left side needs to be bypassed, the second switch S1 and the first switches K2 to KN are all closed, the first switch K1 and the second switches S2 to SN are kept in an open state, at the moment, the battery cell 1 is bypassed, and the battery cells 2 to N are connected in series.
The structure in this embodiment can cut off arbitrary one electric core through the bypass through the combination of first switch, second switch, and after the monomer electric core was fallen in the bypass, whole battery subrack output voltage became low, through introducing the subrack converter to boost the voltage of battery subrack, can make whole subrack voltage satisfy the requirement.
[ example two ]
The second structure of the reconfigurable battery jack is shown in fig. 6, where multiple battery core circuits are connected in parallel, each battery core circuit includes a battery core, in each battery core circuit, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in parallel with the battery core after being connected in series, specifically, one end of the third switch is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core (the connection end is a common end of the third switch and the positive electrode of the battery core), the other end of the third switch is connected with one end of the fourth switch (the connection end is a common end of the third switch and the fourth switch), and the other end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery core (the connection end is a common end of the negative electrode of the battery core and the fourth switch). The common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit through the fifth switch, and meanwhile, the common end of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit through the sixth switch. The positive electrode of each battery cell is connected with the common end of the third switch, and the other end of the seventh switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the negative electrode of each battery cell is connected with the common end of the fourth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit.
The anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, so that a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the battery plug boxes. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery plug-in box can be respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery plug-in box converter. Under normal conditions, all the battery cells are connected in series, at the moment, the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit at the leftmost end is used as the negative electrode output of the whole battery plug box, and the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit at the rightmost end is used as the positive electrode input of the whole battery plug box.
The battery jack in the embodiment shown in fig. 6 includes 6 battery core circuits (in this embodiment, 6 battery core circuits may be connected in parallel with more battery core circuits after the sixth battery core circuit by the same structure according to the need), and each battery core circuit has one battery core, and the battery cores corresponding to the 6 battery core circuits are the battery cores 1 to 6.
For the first cell circuit, the third switch P1 and the fourth switch Q1 are connected in series and then connected with the cell 1 in parallel, the common end of the third switch P1 and the fourth switch Q1 is connected with the positive electrode of the cell 2 in the second cell circuit through the fifth switch T1, and meanwhile, the negative electrode of the cell 1 and the common end of the fourth switch Q1 are connected with the negative electrode of the cell 2 in the second cell circuit through the sixth switch R1. Meanwhile, the positive electrode of the battery cell 1 and the common end of the third switch P1 are connected with a seventh switch U1, and the other end of the seventh switch U1 is used as the positive electrode of the first battery cell circuit; the negative electrode of the battery cell 1 and the common end of the fourth switch Q1 are connected with the eighth switch V1, and the other end of the eighth switch V1 is used as the negative electrode of the first battery cell circuit. And the third switch P6 and the fourth switch Q6 are connected in series and then connected with the battery cell 6 in parallel, meanwhile, the public end of the positive electrode of the battery cell 6 and the third switch P6 is connected with one end of the seventh switch U6, the other end of the seventh switch U6 is used as the positive electrode of the sixth battery cell circuit, the public end of the negative electrode of the battery cell 6 and the fourth switch Q6 is connected with one end of the eighth switch V6, and the other end of the eighth switch V6 is used as the negative electrode of the sixth battery cell circuit. The anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, so that a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the battery plug boxes.
The initial state is that all the switches are disconnected, and the groups of the battery cells are reconfigured through the opened and closed switches. For example, when the switches V1, P1, Q1, R1, P2, Q2, R2, P3, Q3, R3, P4, Q4, R4, P5, Q5, R5, and U6 are closed, 6 cells are connected in series in groups; the switches V1, P1, T1, R1, P2, Q2, R2, P3, Q3, R3, P4, Q4, R4, P5, Q5, R5 and U6 are closed, and then the leftmost two cells (the cell 1 and the cell 2) are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the rest 4 cells; closing V2, P2, Q2, R2, P3, Q3, R3, P4, Q4, R4, P5, Q5, R5 and U6, and connecting the rest of the battery cells 2 to the battery cells 6 in series after bypassing the leftmost battery cell 1.
The reconstruction can change the serial-parallel connection mode of any battery cell through the arrangement and combination of the switches. Under the normal operation mode, the battery cells are in a series working mode, when the difference between the battery cells and other battery cells is large, the battery cells can be changed into a parallel mode, and the battery cells with large difference can be automatically balanced by using the other battery cells. If the battery cell fails or is empty/full, the battery cell can be bypassed, the output voltage of the whole battery plug-in box becomes low after the single battery cell is bypassed, and the voltage of the battery plug-in box is boosted by introducing the plug-in box converter, so that the voltage of the whole battery plug-in box meets the requirement.
[ example III ]
A third configuration of the reconfigurable battery box is shown in FIG. 7, where multiple cell circuits are connected in parallel. Each cell circuit comprises a cell, in each cell circuit, a third switch and a fourth switch are connected in series and then connected with the cell in parallel, specifically, one end of the third switch is connected with the positive electrode of the cell (the connecting end is the common end of the third switch and the positive electrode of the cell), the other end of the third switch is connected with one end of the fourth switch (the connecting end is the common end of the third switch and the fourth switch), and the other end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the cell (the connecting end is the common end of the negative electrode of the cell and the fourth switch). The common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit. The positive electrode of each battery cell is connected with one end of a seventh switch through the common end of the third switch, the other end of the seventh switch is connected with one end of a ninth switch (the connecting end is the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch), the other end of the ninth switch is connected with the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch in the adjacent battery cell circuit, meanwhile, the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch is connected with one end of the tenth switch, and the other end of the tenth switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the negative electrode of each battery cell and the common end of the fourth switch are connected with one end of the eighth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit.
The anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, so that a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the battery plug boxes. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery plug-in box can be respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery plug-in box converter.
The embodiment shown in fig. 7 includes 6 battery cell circuits (in this embodiment, 6 battery cell circuits, more battery cell circuits may be connected in parallel after the sixth battery cell circuit in the same structure according to need), and the battery cells corresponding to the 6 battery cell circuits are the battery cells 1 to 6.
For the first cell circuit, the third switch P1 and the fourth switch Q1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the cell 1, specifically, one end of the third switch P1 is connected with the positive electrode of the cell 1 (the connection end is a common end of the third switch and the positive electrode of the cell), the other end of the third switch P1 is connected with one end of the fourth switch Q1 (the connection end is a common end of the third switch and the fourth switch), and the other end of the fourth switch Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the cell 1 (the connection end is a common end of the negative electrode of the cell and the fourth switch). The common terminal of the third switch P1 and the fourth switch Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell 2 in the second battery cell circuit. The positive electrode of the battery cell 1 is connected with one end of a seventh switch U1 through a common end of a third switch P1, the other end of the seventh switch U1 is connected with one end of a ninth switch X1 (the connecting end is the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch), the other end of the ninth switch X1 is connected with the common end of a seventh switch U2 and a ninth switch X2 in a second battery cell circuit, the common end of the seventh switch U1 and the ninth switch X1 is connected with one end of a tenth switch Y1, and the other end of the tenth switch Y1 serves as the positive electrode of the first battery cell circuit; the negative electrode of the battery cell 1 and the common end of the fourth switch Q1 are connected with one end of the eighth switch V1, and the other end of the eighth switch V1 is used as the negative electrode of the first battery cell circuit. And the third switch P6 and the fourth switch Q6 are connected in series and then connected with the battery core 6 in parallel for the last battery core circuit, meanwhile, the public end of the positive electrode of the battery core 6 and the third switch P6 is connected with a seventh switch U6, the other end of the seventh switch U6 is connected with a ninth switch X5 in the fifth battery core circuit, and meanwhile, the other end of the tenth switch Y6 is connected with one end of a tenth switch Y6, and the other end of the tenth switch Y6 is used as the positive electrode of the sixth battery core circuit. The negative electrode of the battery cell 6 and the common end of the fourth switch Q6 are connected with one end of the eighth switch V6, and the other end of the eighth switch V6 is used as the negative electrode of the sixth battery cell circuit.
The anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, so that a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the battery plug boxes. Normally, 6 electric cores are connected in series, the negative electrode of the first electric core circuit at the leftmost end is output as the negative electrode of the whole battery plug box, and the positive electrode of the sixth electric core circuit at the rightmost end is input as the positive electrode of the whole battery plug box.
The initial state is that all the switches are disconnected, and the groups of the battery cells are reconfigured through the opened and closed switches, so that the battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel and by-pass. For example: when the switches V1, P2, P3, P4, P5, U6, Y6 are closed, 6 cells in fig. 7 are in series mode; when the switches V1, Q1, U1, X1, U2, P3, P4, P5, U6, and Y6 are turned on, the left two cells (cell 1 and cell 2) in fig. 5 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the remaining 4 cells, so that the voltage is reduced by the output voltage value of one cell.
Similarly, any one of the electric cores can be connected with any one of the electric cores in parallel through the opening and closing of the switch, and any one of the electric cores in fig. 7 can be bypassed. For example, closing switches V1, Q1, P2, P3, P4, P5, U6, Y6 bypasses the leftmost cell 1 and cell 2 to cell 6 are connected in series. For example, when the switches Y1, U1, V1, X1, U2, Q1 are closed, the cell 1 and the cell 2 are connected in parallel. For example, when the switches V3, P3, U4, X4, U5, Q4, P5, U6, and Y6 are closed, the cell 4 and the cell 5 are connected in parallel, and then one side is connected in series with the cell 3, and the other side is connected in series with the cell 6.
Under the normal operation mode, the battery cells are in a series working mode, when the difference between the battery cells and other battery cells is large, the battery cells can be changed into a parallel mode, and the battery cells with large difference can be automatically balanced by using the other battery cells. If the battery core fails or is empty/full, the battery core can be bypassed, the output voltage of the whole battery plug box after the single battery core is bypassed becomes low, and the voltage of the battery plug box can be boosted through a battery plug box converter, so that the voltage of the whole battery plug box meets the requirement.
The utility model also provides a battery energy storage system provided with the reconfigurable battery plug box, which comprises the following specific steps:
[ example IV ]
As shown in fig. 8, the battery energy storage system includes a plurality of reconfigurable battery boxes, battery box converters and energy storage converters. Specifically, a battery box converter is connected to each reconfigurable battery box. More specifically, one end (a battery side interface, with positive and negative poles) of the battery plug-in box converter is connected with the positive and negative poles of the reconfigurable battery plug-in box, the other end (a cascading side interface, with positive and negative poles) of the battery plug-in box converter is connected with other battery plug-in box converters in series to form a complete battery cluster, and the battery plug-in box converter after being connected in series is connected with the direct current side of the energy storage converter.
In addition, the system further comprises a centralized control device, such as a PLC, a communication manager and the like, and the battery management system, the energy storage converter and the series battery plug-in box converter can communicate with the centralized control device. And the centralized control device is used for centralized cooperative control of the plurality of battery plug-in box converters, the battery management system and the energy storage converters. The primary diagram of the system is shown in fig. 8, and the secondary diagram is shown in fig. 9. The centralized control device, the battery management system and the energy storage converter are all existing products and are not described in detail herein.
The topology diagram of the battery plug-in box converters is shown in fig. 10, and each battery plug-in box converter comprises: the main control unit, and the DC/DC conversion circuit and the communication interface which are respectively connected with the main control unit. Specifically, the positive electrode of the battery side interface of the DC/DC converter circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the cascade side interface by a wire, a through switch is provided on the wire, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the converter side interface of the DC/DC converter circuit are connected by a wire, and a bypass switch is provided on the wire. Alternatively, the pass-through switch and the bypass switch may be replaced by different switch states of the DC/DC conversion circuit.
Furthermore, the battery voltage, the temperature acquisition circuit and the battery equalization circuit in the plug-in box of the battery management system can also be combined into the battery plug-in box converter (only the physical position changes, and the functions of the battery management system are not changed, and are not repeated).
The DC/DC conversion circuit, the communication interface and the acquisition circuit are respectively connected with the main control unit. The main control unit, the acquisition circuit, the communication interface, the DC/DC conversion circuit, the through switch and the bypass switch (the through switch and the bypass switch adopt the same switch) all adopt the existing products, and are not repeated here.
When the battery cluster is charged and discharged, the whole cluster charging and discharging current is controlled by the energy storage converter, so that the plug-in box converter cannot adjust the current at the side of the converter, meanwhile, the voltage at the side of the battery is clamped by the battery module, and the charging and discharging power of the battery plug-in box can be controlled only by adjusting the voltage at the output side of the plug-in box converter.
The main control unit of the battery plug-in box converter receives the instruction of the centralized control device and respectively operates in three states of direct connection, bypass and depressurization. When the battery cells in the battery plug-in box are in a charge-discharge platform period, the consistency of the whole cluster of batteries is good, and adjustment is not needed, the plug-in box converter operates in a through state (at the moment, the through switch is closed), and the series-parallel battery modules in the battery plug-in box are directly connected into the battery clusters without current conversion, so that the system loss is reduced; when the battery in the battery plug box is at the end of charge and discharge (the battery core is bypassed or the serial mode is changed into the parallel mode), the voltage changes suddenly and approaches to the over/under voltage alarm value, a DC/DC conversion circuit in the plug box converter is put into operation (at the moment, a through switch and a bypass switch are both opened) and operates in a voltage reduction state, and the charge and discharge power of the battery plug box is reduced by reducing the voltage of the side of the converter, so that the effects of constant voltage, floating charge and the like are achieved on the battery in the battery plug box, and the direct charge of heavy current to the overvoltage alarm stop is avoided; when the battery core in the plug box fails, the plug box converter is switched to a bypass (at the moment, a bypass switch is closed) running state, so that the local plug box converter is separated from the battery cluster, and other plug boxes in the battery cluster can still be charged and discharged normally.
Simultaneously, the main control unit of the battery plug-in box converter feeds back the states of the battery plug-in box, such as battery voltage and the like, and the running state of the equipment to the centralized control device. The running state switching and voltage reduction command values of the battery plug-in box converter are issued by the centralized control device, so that the system control of the whole cluster of batteries is realized.
The centralized control device is communicated with all the battery plug box converters in the pile, collects all the cell information, and judges whether the running state of each battery plug box needs to be reduced in charging/discharging current or not, and even bypasses. When more battery plug boxes in the battery cluster are operated in a voltage-reducing and power-reducing state, the centralized control device coordinates the energy storage converter to reduce the whole charging current or power. When more battery plug boxes are bypassed in the battery cluster, the operation direct-current voltage value required by the energy storage converter can not be reached, and the centralized control device is used for controlling the energy storage converter to stop charging and discharging.
Equalization among battery plug boxes in a cluster can be achieved through the plug box converter, and each battery plug box can be ensured to be full of electricity; through the reconstruction in the battery plug box, each cell can be fully charged, so that the charge and discharge amount of the whole system is maximized.
Because the battery plug box of the utility model is of a reconfigurable structure, i.e. the battery cells can be changed from series connection to parallel connection or a full/empty battery cell can be bypassed. These structural changes result in a reduction in the output voltage of the entire battery box. However, through the voltage change of the plug-in box converter, the operation of the system is not affected by the fact that part of the battery cells in the battery plug-in box are out of operation, so that the reliability of the system operation is improved.
In addition, the battery cells which are full or empty in the battery plug box can be bypassed, so that other battery cells which are not full or empty in the battery plug box can not be influenced to continue to charge or discharge, the short-circuit effect of the whole system is reduced, and the operation efficiency of the system is improved.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like are used for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
The foregoing technical solution is only one embodiment of the present utility model, and various modifications and variations can be easily made by those skilled in the art based on the principles disclosed in the present utility model, and are not limited to the structures described in the foregoing specific examples of the present utility model, therefore, the foregoing description is only preferred and not in any limiting sense.
Claims (7)
1. A reconfigurable battery box, characterized by: the reconfigurable battery box comprises a plurality of battery core circuits;
the plurality of cell circuits are connected in series or in parallel;
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and a first switch is connected in series with the positive electrode of the cell; the second switch is connected in parallel with the battery cell; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the second switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit, and the common end of the second switch and the first switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the cathodes and the anodes of all the cell circuits are sequentially connected, namely a plurality of cell circuits are connected in series to form the reconfigurable battery plug-in box.
2. A reconfigurable battery box, characterized by: the reconfigurable battery box comprises a plurality of battery core circuits;
the plurality of cell circuits are connected in series or in parallel;
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series and then connected with the cell in parallel; the common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the positive electrode of the battery core in the adjacent battery core circuit through the fifth switch; meanwhile, the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit through the sixth switch; the positive electrode of the battery cell and the common end of the third switch are connected with one end of the seventh switch, and the other end of the seventh switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with one end of the eighth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, namely, a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the reconfigurable battery plug boxes.
3. A reconfigurable battery box, characterized by: the reconfigurable battery box comprises a plurality of battery core circuits;
the plurality of cell circuits are connected in series or in parallel;
each cell circuit comprises a cell, and the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in series and then connected with the cell in parallel; the common end of the third switch and the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the battery cell in the adjacent battery cell circuit; the positive electrode of the battery core is connected with one end of a seventh switch through the common end of the third switch, the other end of the seventh switch is connected with one end of a ninth switch, and the other end of the ninth switch is connected with the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch in the adjacent battery core circuit; meanwhile, the common end of the seventh switch and the ninth switch is connected with one end of the tenth switch, and the other end of the tenth switch is used as the positive electrode of the battery cell circuit; the common end of the negative electrode of the battery cell and the fourth switch is connected with one end of the eighth switch, and the other end of the eighth switch is used as the negative electrode of the battery cell circuit;
the anodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the anodes of the battery plug boxes, and the cathodes of all the battery core circuits are sequentially connected to serve as the cathodes of the battery plug boxes, namely, a plurality of battery core circuits are connected in parallel to form the reconfigurable battery plug boxes.
4. A battery energy storage system, characterized by: the battery energy storage system comprises a plurality of reconfigurable battery boxes, battery box converters and energy storage converters according to any one of claims 1-3;
each reconfigurable battery plug-in box is connected with a battery plug-in box converter;
the battery side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with the anode and the cathode of the reconfigurable battery plug box, and the cascade side interface of the battery plug box converter is connected with other battery plug box converters in series to form a complete battery cluster; the series battery plug-in box converter is connected with the direct current side of the energy storage converter.
5. The battery energy storage system of claim 4, wherein: the battery energy storage system further comprises a centralized control device;
the battery management system, the energy storage converter and the battery plug-in box converter can be respectively communicated with the centralized control device.
6. The battery energy storage system of claim 5, wherein: each of the battery plug-in box converters includes: the main control unit, and the DC/DC conversion circuit and the communication interface which are respectively connected with the main control unit.
7. The battery energy storage system of claim 6, wherein: connecting the positive electrode of the battery side interface of the DC/DC conversion circuit with the positive electrode of the cascade side interface by using a wire, and arranging a through switch on the wire;
the positive and negative electrodes of the converter-side interface of the DC/DC conversion circuit are connected by a wire, and a bypass switch is provided on the wire.
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| CN202222549815.8U CN219017744U (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Reconfigurable battery plug box and energy storage system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116632985A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏华友能源科技有限公司 | Balanced battery system among energy storage clusters and implementation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116632985A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏华友能源科技有限公司 | Balanced battery system among energy storage clusters and implementation method thereof |
| CN116632985B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2024-01-26 | 江苏华友能源科技有限公司 | Balanced battery system among energy storage clusters and implementation method thereof |
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