CN218975561U

CN218975561U - Battery case, single battery, battery module, battery pack and electric equipment

Info

Publication number: CN218975561U
Application number: CN202223113010.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常艳琴; 王迎迎; 马兴瑞
Original assignee: China Aviation Lithium Battery Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Aviation Lithium Battery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-21
Filing date: 2022-11-21
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery shells, in particular to a battery shell, a single battery, a battery module, a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery shell comprises a shell body, wherein the shell body comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in the cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag, a cooling communication hole for communicating the cooling cavity with the shell body cavity is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity, and the cooling agent flows to the shell body cavity from the cooling communication hole to cool the inside of the shell body when the cooling bag is melted. The battery shell of the utility model melts after reaching a certain temperature in the shell so as to release the stored cooling agent in the shell, the cooling agent flows to the inner cavity of the shell from the cooling communication hole, and is gasified rapidly at high temperature, and a large amount of heat in the shell is taken away in a short time, so that heat generation and heat dissipation balance is realized, the temperature in the shell is reduced rapidly, and the temperature is prevented or delayed from reaching a thermal runaway value.

Description

Battery case, single battery, battery module, battery pack and electric equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery shells, in particular to a battery shell, a single battery, a battery module, a battery pack and electric equipment.

Background

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. And the battery can produce heat in the use, if these heat can not in time distribute outside the battery case, then the heat can gather in the battery case and lead to the temperature of battery to rise, and then harm the battery, even take place the spontaneous combustion phenomenon of battery.

The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN215266536U discloses a quick heat dissipation battery shell for a low-speed electric automobile, wherein a plurality of heat dissipation bosses are arranged on the outer side of the battery shell, and the heat dissipation area of the battery shell is increased by utilizing the heat dissipation bosses so as to realize faster heat dissipation.

However, when the battery is abnormal, the heat is generated severely, the temperature is increased rapidly, the balance of heat generation and heat dissipation cannot be realized in a short time, and the problem of thermal runaway of the single battery is liable to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a battery case, which solves the problem that when a single battery is abnormal, the heat is violently generated in the single battery in the prior art, so that the balance of heat generation and heat dissipation cannot be realized in a short time; the utility model also aims to provide a single battery, a battery module, a battery pack and electric equipment so as to solve the problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the battery case of the utility model is as follows:

the battery case comprises a case body, wherein the case body comprises a case wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in the cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag, a cooling communication hole for communicating the cooling cavity with the case body cavity is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity, and the cooling agent flows to the case body cavity from the cooling communication hole to cool the inside of the case body when the cooling bag is melted.

The beneficial effects are that: the battery shell of the utility model melts after reaching a certain temperature in the shell so as to release the stored cooling agent in the shell, the cooling agent flows to the inner cavity of the shell from the cooling communication hole, and is gasified rapidly at high temperature, and a large amount of heat in the shell is taken away in a short time, so that heat generation and heat dissipation balance is realized, the temperature in the shell is reduced rapidly, and the temperature is prevented or delayed from reaching a thermal runaway value.

As a further improvement, the shell further comprises a shell wall with a suppression cavity, a suppression bag is arranged in the suppression cavity, a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the suppression bag, a suppression communication hole which is used for communicating the suppression cavity with the shell inner cavity is arranged on the cavity wall of the suppression cavity, and the fire extinguishing agent flows to the shell inner cavity from the suppression communication hole when the suppression bag is melted so as to extinguish fire in the shell; wherein, the melting point of the cooling bag is smaller than that of the inhibition bag.

The beneficial effects are that: when the thermal runaway temperature value is not effectively controlled by the cooling agent, and the thermal runaway temperature is caused, the temperature continues to rise, and the inhibition bag starts to melt so as to release the fire extinguishing agent stored in the inhibition bag to rapidly extinguish the fire in the shell.

As a further improvement, the cooling cavity and the inhibition cavity are positioned on the same shell wall, and a partition plate is arranged between the cooling cavity and the inhibition cavity.

The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the space on the same shell wall can be fully utilized.

As a further improvement, the two sides of the cooling cavity are respectively provided with the inhibition cavity.

The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the cooling cavity is arranged in the middle, and release of the cooling agent is facilitated.

As a further improvement, the volume of the cooling chamber is greater than the volume of the suppression chamber.

The beneficial effects are that: by the design, more cooling agents can be stored in the cooling cavity, so that the battery case is mainly cooled.

As a further improvement, the cooling chamber is provided on the shell side wall.

The beneficial effects are that: the design is favorable for placing the cooling bag into the cooling cavity.

As a further improvement, the shell side wall comprises an outer wall and an inner wall, both of which are connected to the shell bottom wall and to the adjacent two shell side walls.

The beneficial effects are that: by means of the design, the inner wall can play a role in reinforcing the shell and radiating heat.

As a further improvement, the cooling chambers are arranged on two housing side walls which are opposite in the longitudinal direction of the housing.

The beneficial effects are that: the design is favorable for uniformly cooling the inside of the shell.

As a further improvement, the cooling communication holes are uniformly distributed meshes.

The beneficial effects are that: the design is favorable for the cooling agent to flow into the shell uniformly.

As a further improvement, the cooling communication hole is rectangular, circular or triangular in shape.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the single battery of the utility model is as follows:

the battery cell comprises a cell shell, the cell shell comprises a shell body, the shell body comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in the cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag, a cooling communication hole for communicating the cooling cavity with the shell cavity is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity, and the cooling agent flows to the shell cavity from the cooling communication hole to cool the inside of the shell body when the cooling bag is melted.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the battery module of the utility model is as follows:

the battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries, each single battery comprises a battery shell, each battery shell comprises a shell body, each shell body comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in each cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in each cooling bag, cooling communication holes which are communicated with the cooling cavities and the inner cavities of the shell are formed in the cavity walls of the cooling cavities, and the cooling agent flows to the inner cavities of the shell body through the cooling communication holes when the cooling bags are melted to cool the inner parts of the shell body.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the battery pack of the utility model is as follows:

the battery pack comprises a battery module, the battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries comprise a battery shell, the battery shell comprises a shell body, the shell body comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in the cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag, a cooling communication hole for communicating the cooling cavity with an inner cavity of the shell is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity, and the cooling agent flows to the inner cavity of the shell body from the cooling communication hole to cool the inside of the shell body when the cooling bag is melted.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the electric equipment of the utility model is as follows:

the electric equipment comprises an installation seat and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is installed on the installation seat, the battery pack comprises a battery module, the battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries comprise a battery shell, the battery shell comprises a shell body, the shell body comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity, a cooling bag is arranged in the cooling cavity, a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag, a cooling communication hole which is communicated with the cooling cavity and a shell cavity is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity, and the cooling agent flows to the shell cavity by the cooling communication hole to cool the inside of the shell when the cooling bag is melted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a battery case according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

In the figure: 11. an outer wall; 12. an inner wall; 13. a cooling bag; 14. a inhibition capsule; 15. cooling communication holes; 16. inhibiting the communication hole; 17. a cooling cavity; 18. a suppression chamber; 19. a housing interior; 20. a housing; 21. a partition board.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the utility model, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" or the like does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, the terms "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the utility model, and do not denote that the device or component in question must have a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

The features and capabilities of the present utility model are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.

Example 1 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the battery case in this embodiment is a lithium battery case.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the battery case includes a case 20, and the case 20 includes a case bottom wall and four case side walls that enclose a case inner chamber 19. Wherein, two shell side walls oppositely arranged in the length direction of the shell 20 are provided with a cooling cavity 17 and a suppressing cavity 18.

In this embodiment, two shell side walls oppositely arranged in the length direction of the shell 20 each include an outer wall 11 and an inner wall 12, and the outer wall 11 and the inner wall 12 are connected with the shell bottom wall and the two adjacent shell side walls, wherein the inner wall 12 plays a role in reinforcing the shell 20 and dissipating heat. As shown in fig. 3, two partition plates 21 are provided between the outer wall 11 and the inner wall 12 to partition a space defined by the outer wall 11, the inner wall 12, the bottom wall of the case, and the adjacent two side walls of the case into a cooling chamber 17 and two suppressing chambers 18. Two of the suppression chambers 18 are located on either side of the cooling chamber 17.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a cooling bag 13 is disposed in the cooling chamber 17, a cooling agent is disposed in the cooling bag 13, a cooling communication hole 15 is disposed on a chamber wall (i.e., an inner wall 12) of the cooling chamber 17 and is communicated with the cooling chamber 17 and the housing inner cavity 19, and the cooling agent flows from the cooling communication hole 15 to the housing inner cavity 19 to cool the interior of the housing 20 when the cooling bag 13 is heated and melted.

In this embodiment, the cooling bag 13 is made of a temperature-sensitive fusible material, and after the inside of the housing 20 reaches a certain temperature, the cooling bag 13 melts to release the cooling agent stored therein. The temperature reducing agent is in a liquid state at normal temperature, and is quickly gasified at high temperature after being released, so that a large amount of heat in the shell 20 is taken away, the temperature in the shell 20 is quickly reduced, and the temperature is prevented or delayed from reaching a thermal runaway value. Therefore, the cooling effect on the single battery thermal runaway is stronger in pertinence, and the cooling speed is faster.

In the present embodiment, the suppressing chamber 18 is provided with the suppressing bag 14, the suppressing bag 14 is provided with the extinguishing agent, the suppressing communication hole 16 for communicating the suppressing chamber 18 and the housing inner chamber 19 is provided on the chamber wall (i.e., the inner wall 12) of the suppressing chamber 18, and the extinguishing agent flows from the suppressing communication hole 16 to the housing inner chamber 19 to extinguish the fire in the housing 20 when the suppressing bag 14 is melted by heat. Thus, the thermal runaway time of the single battery is sensed to be early, and the fire extinguishing effect of releasing the fire extinguishing agent from the inside of the battery is good.

In this embodiment, the suppressing bag 14 is made of a temperature-sensitive fusible material, wherein the melting point of the cooling bag 13 is smaller than that of the suppressing bag 14, so that the cooling bag 13 melts before the suppressing bag 14. When thermal runaway occurs due to the coolant not effectively controlling the thermal runaway temperature value, the temperature continues to rise, inhibiting the melting of the capsule 14 to release the fire suppressant stored therein for rapid fire suppression of the interior of the enclosure. It should be noted that the fire extinguishing agent is a compressed fire extinguishing agent.

In this embodiment, the volume of the cooling chamber 17 is larger than the volumes of the two inhibition chambers 18, and preferably, the volume of the cooling chamber 17 is larger than the volumes of the two inhibition chambers 18 by more than 1.5 times. By the design, more cooling agents can be stored in the cooling cavity 17, so that the battery case is mainly cooled.

As shown in fig. 4, the cooling communication hole 15 and the suppressing communication hole 16 are rectangular in shape, preferably rectangular. Further, the cooling communication hole 15 and the suppressing communication hole 16 are each arranged with three to ensure that the cooling agent and the suppressing agent can uniformly flow to the housing inner chamber 19. In other embodiments, the cooling communicating holes and the suppressing communicating holes may be uniformly distributed mesh holes.

Example 2 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the two sides of the cooling chamber are further provided with a suppressing chamber, the suppressing chamber is provided with a suppressing bag, and the suppressing bag is provided with a fire extinguishing agent, and when the temperature of the cooling agent is not effectively controlled at the thermal runaway temperature value and thermal runaway has occurred, the suppressing bag melts and releases the fire extinguishing agent to rapidly extinguish the fire. In this embodiment, when the coolant in the cooling bladder can effectively control the occurrence of thermal runaway of the battery, no inhibition chamber is provided.

Example 3 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the cooling chamber and the suppressing chamber are located on the same side wall of the case, and a partition is provided between the cooling chamber and the suppressing chamber. In this embodiment, no partition is provided, and the cooling chamber and the suppressing chamber are provided on the two shell side walls, respectively, and at this time, the volumes of the cooling chamber and the suppressing chamber may be the same.

Example 4 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, a cooling cavity and two suppression cavities are disposed on the same side wall of the shell, and the two suppression cavities are disposed on two sides of the cooling cavity respectively. In this embodiment, only one cooling chamber and one suppressing chamber are provided on the same shell side wall.

Example 5 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the cooling chamber is provided on the side wall of the case. In this embodiment, the cooling chamber is disposed on the bottom wall of the case.

Example 6 of the battery case of the present utility model:

this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, the shell side wall includes an outer wall and an inner wall, both of which are connected to the shell bottom wall and the adjacent two shell side walls. In the embodiment, the shell side wall comprises a side wall body and a U-shaped wall connected to the side wall body, a cavity is formed by the side wall body and the U-shaped wall in a surrounding mode, two partition boards are arranged in the cavity, and the partition boards divide the cavity into a cooling cavity in the middle and restraining cavities on two sides; the side wall body is connected with the shell bottom wall and two adjacent shell side walls, and the U-shaped wall is connected with the groove bottom wall but not connected with the shell side walls.

Example 7 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, cooling chambers and suppressing chambers are provided on two casing side walls opposing each other in the casing length direction. In this embodiment, cooling cavities and suppression cavities are disposed on two adjacent shell side walls. In other embodiments, the cooling and suppression chambers are disposed on only one of the shell side walls, or on all of the shell side walls.

Example 8 of the battery case of the present utility model:

the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that in embodiment 1, both the cooling communication hole and the suppressing communication hole are rectangular in shape. In this embodiment, the cooling communicating hole and the suppressing communicating hole are both circular in shape. In other embodiments, the cooling communication hole and the suppressing communication hole may be triangular, pentagonal, or the like in shape.

Examples of the single cell of the present utility model: in this embodiment, the unit battery includes a battery case having the same structure as that described in any one of embodiments 1 to 8 of the battery case, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Embodiments of the battery module of the present utility model: in this embodiment, the battery module includes a plurality of unit batteries, and the unit batteries include a battery case, and the battery case has the same structure as any one of embodiments 1 to 8 of the battery case, which is not described herein.

Embodiments of the battery pack of the present utility model: in this embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery module, the battery module includes a plurality of unit batteries, and the unit batteries include a battery case, and the battery case has the same structure as any one of embodiments 1 to 8 of the above battery case, which is not described herein again.

Embodiments of the present utility model are powered: in this embodiment, the electric equipment includes mount pad and battery package, and the battery package is installed on the mount pad, and the battery package includes battery module, and battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and battery cell includes the battery case, and this battery case is the same with the embodiment 1 through 8 of above-mentioned battery case any structure, and is not repeated here.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and the patent protection scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and the drawings of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The battery shell comprises a shell body (20), and is characterized in that the shell body (20) comprises a shell wall with a cooling cavity (17), a cooling bag (13) is arranged in the cooling cavity (17), a cooling agent is arranged in the cooling bag (13), a cooling communication hole (15) which is communicated with the cooling cavity (17) and a shell cavity (19) is formed in the cavity wall of the cooling cavity (17), and the cooling agent flows to the shell cavity (19) from the cooling communication hole (15) to cool the inside of the shell body (20) when the cooling bag (13) melts.

2. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein the case (20) further includes a case wall having a suppressing chamber (18), a suppressing bag (14) is provided in the suppressing chamber (18), a fire extinguishing agent is provided in the suppressing bag (14), a suppressing communication hole (16) communicating the suppressing chamber (18) and the case inner chamber (19) is provided in the suppressing chamber (18), and the fire extinguishing agent flows from the suppressing communication hole (16) to the case inner chamber (19) to extinguish the fire inside the case (20) when the suppressing bag (14) melts; wherein the melting point of the cooling bag (13) is smaller than that of the inhibition bag (14).

3. Battery case according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling chamber (17) and the suppression chamber (18) are located on the same case wall, a partition (21) being provided between the cooling chamber (17) and the suppression chamber (18).

4. A battery case according to claim 3, wherein the cooling chamber (17) is provided with the restraining chambers (18) on both sides thereof.

5. Battery case according to any of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the volume of the cooling chamber (17) is greater than the volume of the inhibition chamber (18).

6. Battery case according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cooling chamber (17) is provided on a case side wall.

7. The battery case according to claim 6, wherein the case side wall includes an outer wall (11) and an inner wall (12), and the outer wall (11) and the inner wall (12) are connected to the case bottom wall and the adjacent two case side walls.

8. The battery case according to claim 6, wherein the cooling chamber (17) is arranged on two case side walls opposing each other in the length direction of the case (20).

9. The battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling communication holes (15) are uniformly distributed mesh holes.

10. The battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling communication hole (15) is rectangular, circular, or triangular in shape.

11. A unit cell comprising a battery case, characterized in that the battery case is the battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. Battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells comprising a battery case, characterized in that the battery case is a battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. Battery pack comprising a battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells including a battery case, characterized in that the battery case is a battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. The consumer, including mount pad and battery package, the battery package is installed on the mount pad, and the battery package includes battery module, and battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and battery cell includes the battery case, its characterized in that, the battery case is the battery case of any one of claims 1 to 10.