CN218974070U - Cutter abrasion prediction device of shield tunneling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine. The device comprises a test cylinder for bearing a soil sample to be tested, a plurality of cutterheads and a plurality of cutting knife blocks; the cutter head comprises a center circular block, spokes and an annular cutter frame, wherein the center circular block is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame, the center circular block is connected with the annular cutter frame through the spokes, the spokes extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame and are uniformly distributed in the annular cutter frame in a circumference manner, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the spokes, and the cutting cutter block is detachably mounted in the mounting holes through bolts; the number of spokes of the plurality of cutterheads is different, and the plurality of cutting blade blocks adopts at least two types. Therefore, the device provides a cutter cooperative work mechanism based on different combination types, under the condition of simulating different sandy pebble strata, multiple cutter combinations are selected for testing, and finally the cutter combination with the adaptability fit and the minimum abrasion loss is reasonably selected, so that the aim of cutter abrasion prediction is fulfilled.

Description

Cutter abrasion prediction device of shield tunneling machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine.

Background

The shield tunneling machine, which is a special engineering machine for tunneling. During construction, the shield tunneling machine excavates soil along the axis of the tunnel while advancing forward. The shield machine usually encounters complex stratum such as upper soft and lower hard complex stratum and sandy pebble stratum during tunneling, and when the shield machine tunnels in the complex stratum, the abrasion of the cutter of the shield machine is increased sharply, so that the cutter has to be frequently stopped and replaced in the construction process, thereby seriously delaying the construction period, increasing the engineering cost and increasing the engineering risk. Therefore, in the shield tunneling, how to effectively predict the abrasion loss of the cutter, so that the cutter is reasonably arranged, the abrasion loss of the cutter is reduced, the healthy service state of the cutter is increased, and the long-distance tunneling is very important. The influence of rock abrasiveness indexes on cutter wear can be tested by using a cutter wear test of a shield machine, which is proposed by Cerchar research in France at the earliest, so that the cutter wear of the shield machine is researched.

However, most of the wear tests of the shield tunneling machine cutters at home and abroad focus on hard rock abrasiveness tests, and the tests and methods focus on composite stratum and sandy pebble stratum are few, so that a large gap exists between the tests and the methods and the actual conditions. For example, the test method which is commonly used at present is that a linear cutting machine adopted by Cerchar research institute is used for testing, but the simulative test condition is single and is different from the condition of a shield machine cutter in actual engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

First, the technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides the shield tunneling machine cutter abrasion prediction device, and a plurality of groups of cutter assemblies are arranged, so that the technical problem that the abrasion loss of the shield tunneling machine cutter in the tunneling process cannot be really and effectively simulated due to single simulation condition of the existing abrasion test is solved.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises the following steps:

the utility model provides a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine, which comprises a test cylinder for bearing a soil sample to be tested and is characterized by comprising a plurality of cutter heads and a plurality of cutter blocks; the cutter head comprises a center circular block, spokes and an annular cutter frame, wherein the center circular block is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame, the center circular block is connected with the annular cutter frame through the spokes, the spokes extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame and are uniformly distributed in the annular cutter frame in a circumference manner, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the spokes, and the cutting cutter block is detachably mounted in the mounting holes through bolts; the number of spokes of the plurality of cutterheads is different; at least two types of the plurality of cutting knife blocks are adopted; the cutterhead with the cutting blades can extend into the test cylinder to rotate in the soil sample to be tested.

Further, the cutter head comprises two cutter heads, namely a four-spoke cutter head and an eight-spoke cutter head; the four-spoke cutterhead comprises four spokes; the eight-spoke cutterhead comprises eight spokes.

Further, a plurality of first mounting holes are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the bottom surface of the spoke along the length direction of the spoke, and the first mounting holes are positioned on the central line of the spoke; a plurality of second mounting holes are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the two side walls of the spoke along the length direction of the spoke, and the second mounting holes are symmetrical about the center line of the spoke; the cutter abrasion prediction device of the shield machine comprises two cutter blocks, namely a shell cutter and a cutter, wherein the shell cutter can be detachably arranged in a first mounting hole, and the cutter can be detachably arranged in a second mounting hole; the shell knife, the cutter and the four-spoke cutterhead are assembled to form a cutter assembly I; the shell cutter and the four-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter component II; the shell knife, the cutter and the eight-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter assembly III; the shell cutter and the eight-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter component IV.

Further, the cutting blade block further includes a center tail knife disposed on the center knob.

Further, the test bench comprises a vertical stay bar, a limiting plate and a base, wherein the limiting plate is positioned above the base in parallel, the vertical stay bar is vertically supported between the limiting plate and the base, the upper end of the vertical stay bar is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate, and the lower end of the vertical stay bar is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the base; the test cylinder is placed on the base and is located between the limiting plate and the base.

Further, the test bed also comprises a top plate and a lifting device, wherein the top plate is positioned above the limiting plate in parallel, the lifting device is vertically supported between the top plate and the limiting plate, the upper end of the lifting device is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower end of the lifting device is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the limiting plate; the lifting device is four electric telescopic supporting rods, and the four electric telescopic supporting rods synchronously stretch to drive the top plate to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction.

Further, the device also comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the top plate, and synchronously moves along with the top plate in the vertical direction, and is connected with the cutterhead through a transmission shaft; the upper end of the transmission shaft is detachably connected with the driving device, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is detachably connected with the central round block; the driving device drives the transmission shaft to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction so as to drive the cutterhead to do synchronous motion, and the driving device drives the transmission shaft to drive the cutterhead to rotate in the test cylinder; the limiting plate center is provided with a first round hole for the transmission shaft to penetrate.

Further, the test cylinder is matched with a cylinder cover for sealing, and a second round hole matched with the transmission shaft in a sealing way is formed in the center of the cylinder cover; the cylinder cover is provided with a pressurizing hole.

Further, a grouting hole is arranged on the cylinder cover.

Further, a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor are arranged on the transmission shaft, and a speed sensor is arranged on the lifting device.

(III) beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model provides a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine, which provides cutter cooperative work mechanisms based on different combination types. Under the condition of simulating different sandy pebble stratum, selecting a plurality of cutter combinations for testing. The simulation cutter head is in a multi-spoke mode, the shield machine of the spoke type panel is simulated to the greatest extent, cutting cutter blocks which are arranged and combined are distributed on the spokes, and the abrasion loss of the multi-type cutter under cooperative cutting under the real condition can be simulated well, so that the real abrasion loss of the shield machine with different cutter head modes and cutter blocks distributed under different stratum conditions is explored. And finally, reasonably selecting a cutter combination with the minimum adaptive fit and abrasion loss, so as to achieve the aim of cutter abrasion prediction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first cutter assembly;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second cutter assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cutter assembly three;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cutter assembly IV;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter wear prediction device of a shield tunneling machine.

[ reference numerals description ]

1: a test cartridge; 11: a cylinder cover; 111: a pressurizing hole; 112: grouting holes;

2: a cutterhead; 21: a center circle block; 22: spokes; 23: an annular tool holder;

3: a cutting blade block; 31: a shell knife; 32: a cutter; 33: a center fish tail knife;

4: a test bed; 41: a vertical brace; 42: a limiting plate; 43: a base; 44: a top plate; 45: a lifting device;

5: a driving device; 6: and a transmission shaft.

Detailed Description

In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present utility model may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art.

1-5, the utility model provides a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine, which comprises a test cylinder 1, a plurality of cutter heads 2, a plurality of cutting cutter blocks 3, a test bed 4 and a driving device 5.

As shown in fig. 5, the test stand 4 includes a top plate 44, a vertical stay 41, a limiting plate 42, and a base 43, the limiting plate 42 is located above the base 43 in parallel, and the top plate 44 is located above the limiting plate 42 in parallel. The upper end of the vertical stay bar 41 is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate 42, the lower end is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the base 43, and the vertical stay bar is vertically supported between the limiting plate 42 and the base 43. The test cartridge 1 is used for bearing a soil sample to be tested, and is placed on the base 43 and located between the limiting plate 42 and the base 43.

The cutterhead 2 comprises a central circular block 21, spokes 22 and an annular cutter frame 23. The spoke-type cutterhead structure enables the cutterhead opening ratio to be larger, the resistance born by the whole cutterhead 2 in the simulated tunneling cutting process is smaller, the torque born by the corresponding cutterhead 2 and the cutting power of the driving device 5 are lower, accordingly, the power load of the driving device 5 is reduced, and the abrasion condition of the cutting blade block 3 under different stratum conditions in the tunneling cutting process can be accurately explored.

The center circular block 21 is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame 23, the spokes 22 extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame 23 and are uniformly arranged in the annular cutter frame 23 in a circumference manner, and the center circular block 21 and the annular cutter frame 23 are respectively connected with the spokes 22 by welding. The bottom surface of spoke 22 is equipped with a plurality of mounting holes, and the equidistant range is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes that are located on the central line of spoke 22 in proper order along its length direction, and on the both sides wall of spoke 22, the equidistant range is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes that are symmetrical about the spoke central line in proper order along its length direction. The cutting blade block 3 is detachably mounted in the mounting hole by a bolt in a mode of back facing threads. The cutterhead 2 provided with the cutting blade blocks 3 can extend into the test cylinder 1 to rotate in the soil sample to be tested.

The driving device 5 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the top plate 44 and is connected with the cutterhead 2 through a transmission shaft 6.

Specifically, the driving device 5 comprises a motor and a coupling, one end of the motor is connected with the top plate 44 through a bolt, an output shaft of the motor is connected with the coupling, the other end of the coupling is detachably connected with the upper end of the transmission shaft 6 through a bolt, and the lower end of the transmission shaft 6 is detachably connected with the central round block 21 to realize that the transmission shaft 6 is detachably connected with the cutterhead 2. Thus, the driving device 5 drives the transmission shaft 6 to drive the cutter head 2 to rotate in the test cylinder 1.

In order to provide accurate tunneling speed for tunneling of the cutterhead 2 while the cutterhead 2 rotates, abrasion of soil body to the cutterhead 2 under different stratum conditions is better simulated, and the test bench 4 further comprises a lifting device 45. The lifting device 45 is four electric telescopic supporting rods, the upper ends of the four electric telescopic supporting rods are connected with the edge of the lower surface of the top plate 44, the lower ends of the four electric telescopic supporting rods are connected with the edge of the upper surface of the limiting plate 42, and the four electric telescopic supporting rods are vertically supported between the top plate 44 and the limiting plate 42. The four electrically-operated telescopic struts are synchronously telescopic to drive the top plate 44 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The driving device 5 moves synchronously with the top plate 44, and then drives the transmission shaft 6 and the cutterhead 2 to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction. The limiting plate 42 is provided with a first round hole at the center for the transmission shaft 6 to pass through so that the transmission shaft 6 passes through the first round hole to perform barrier-free movement.

As shown in fig. 1-4, two kinds of cutterheads 2 are provided in the present utility model, and the number of spokes 22 of the cutterhead 2 is different, namely a four-spoke cutterhead comprising four spokes 22 and an eight-spoke cutterhead comprising eight spokes 22. The spokes 22 of the four-spoke cutterhead are arranged in a cross shape, and the included angle between two adjacent spokes 22 of the eight-spoke cutterhead is 45 degrees.

Meanwhile, the utility model comprises three cutting blade blocks 3, namely a shell blade 31, a cutter 32 and a central fish tail blade 33. The edge of the shell knife 31 is arc-shaped, detachably mounted in the first mounting hole, and is arranged on the front end surface of the annular knife rest 23, and is specially used for cutting sandy pebbles. The cutting face of cutter 32 is inclined to cutter 32 body, and the detachable is installed in the second mounting hole, and cutter 32 arranges in spoke 22 both sides, can be when blade disc 2 advances, rotates along with blade disc 2 and produces axial shearing force and radial (blade disc 2 rotation tangential direction) cutting force to excavation face soil body, and at this moment, the cutting edge and the tool bit part of cutter 32 insert inside the stratum, cut the soil body. The center fishtail knife 33 is a fishtail-shaped cutting knife block 3 and is arranged on the center circular block 21, so that the cutting and stirring effects of soil body at the center of the cutterhead 2 are improved. The size of the center fishtail 33 is larger than that of the shell knife 31 and the cutter 32, and exceeds the plane of the shell knife 31 and the cutter 32 so as to ensure that the center fishtail 33 cuts soil at first. The center fishtail 33 can be used for cutting the soil body with the small circular section at the center part, and then expanding the soil body to the full section.

The cutting insert 3 is optionally mounted in the mounting hole when performing the simulation test. In the present utility model, the following four sets of cutter assemblies are formed:

as shown in fig. 1, the shell cutter 31, the cutter 32 and the center fish tail cutter 33 are assembled with a four spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly one. At this time, a plurality of shell cutters 31 are arranged on the center line of the spoke 22 of the four-spoke cutterhead, a plurality of groups of cutters 32 are arranged on two sides of the spoke 22, and a center fish tail cutter 33 is arranged on the center circular block 21.

As shown in fig. 2, the shell cutter 31 and the center fish tail cutter 33 are assembled with a four spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly two. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are disposed on the center line of the spoke 22 of the four-spoke cutterhead, and a center fish tail knife 33 is disposed on the center circular block 21.

As shown in fig. 3, the shell cutter 31, the cutter 32 and the center fish tail cutter 33 are assembled with an eight spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly three. At this time, a plurality of shell cutters 31 are arranged on the center line of the spoke 22 of the eight-spoke cutterhead, a plurality of groups of cutters 32 are arranged on two sides of the spoke 22, and a center fish tail cutter 33 is arranged on the center circular block 21.

As shown in fig. 4, the shell blade 31 and the center fish tail blade 33 are assembled with an eight spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly four. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are arranged on the center line of the spoke 22 of the eight-spoke cutterhead, and a center fish tail knife 33 is arranged on the center circular block 21.

The cutters 32 may be two, four, six or eight groups, and the sizes of the three cutting blocks 3 may be adjusted according to practical requirements.

When the soil body consolidation degree in the stratum is higher and the gravel content is higher, the glue node degree among the sand and the pebbles is higher, the cutterhead 2 with more spokes 22 and the cutting cutter blocks 3 which are arranged in a complex mode are selected.

In addition, as shown in fig. 5, the test cartridge 1 is fitted with a cartridge cover 11 for sealing so that the test process is in a fully sealed state, and a second round hole in sealing fit with the transmission shaft 6 is formed in the center of the cartridge cover 11. Meanwhile, the cylinder cover 11 is provided with the pressurizing hole 111, and when the cutterhead 2 is driven, the test soil sample can be pressurized and sealed, so that the test conditions are more similar to the conditions of sealing and pressurizing in the cutterhead bin in the actual driving. The cylinder cover 11 is also provided with a grouting hole 112 for adding soil body modifier.

Finally, a rotation speed sensor and a torque sensor are arranged on the transmission shaft 6, and a speed sensor is arranged on the lifting device 45 so as to explore the combination of the selection of the cutterhead 2 and the highest tunneling efficiency of the arrangement of the cutting blade blocks 3 under different stratum conditions, and the most reasonable selection is provided by combining with the standard of less abrasion of the cutting blade blocks 3 so as to achieve the aim of predicting the abrasion of the cutter.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The cutter abrasion prediction device of the shield tunneling machine comprises a test cylinder (1) for bearing a soil sample to be detected and is characterized by comprising a plurality of cutter heads (2) and a plurality of cutter blocks (3);

the cutter head (2) comprises a center circular block (21), spokes (22) and an annular cutter frame (23), wherein the center circular block (21) is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame (23), the center circular block (21) is connected with the annular cutter frame (23) through the spokes (22), the spokes (22) extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame (23) and are uniformly arranged in the annular cutter frame (23) in a circumferential manner, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the spokes (22), and the cutting cutter block (3) is detachably mounted in the mounting holes through bolts;

the number of spokes (22) of the plurality of cutterheads (2) is different;

the plurality of cutting knife blocks (3) adopt at least two types;

the cutterhead (2) provided with the cutting blade block (3) can extend into the test cylinder (1) to rotate in the soil sample to be tested.

2. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 1, comprising two cutterheads (2), respectively a four-spoke cutterhead and an eight-spoke cutterhead;

the four-spoke cutterhead comprises four spokes (22);

the eight spoke cutterhead includes eight of the spokes (22).

3. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction apparatus of claim 2,

the bottom surface of the spoke (22) is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes which are sequentially and equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the spoke, and the first mounting holes are positioned on the central line of the spoke (22);

a plurality of second mounting holes are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the two side walls of the spoke (22) along the length direction; and the second mounting hole is symmetrical about a midline of the spoke (22);

the cutter abrasion prediction device of the shield tunneling machine comprises two cutting cutter blocks (3), namely a shell cutter (31) and a cutter (32), wherein the shell cutter (31) can be detachably arranged in the first mounting hole, and the cutter (32) can be detachably arranged in the second mounting hole;

the shell cutter (31) and the cutter (32) are assembled with the four-spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly I;

the shell cutter (31) and the four-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter assembly II;

the shell cutter (31) and the cutter (32) are assembled with the eight-spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly III;

the shell cutter (31) and the eight-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter assembly IV.

4. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said cutting blade block (3) further comprises a center tail cutter (33), said center tail cutter (33) being disposed on said center knob (21).

5. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 1, further comprising a test bench (4), wherein the test bench (4) comprises a vertical stay bar (41), a limiting plate (42) and a base (43), the limiting plate (42) is positioned above the base (43) in parallel, the vertical stay bar (41) is vertically supported between the limiting plate (42) and the base (43), the upper end of the vertical stay bar (41) is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate (42), and the lower end of the vertical stay bar (41) is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the base (43);

the test cartridge (1) is placed on the base (43) and is located between the limiting plate (42) and the base (43).

6. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the test bench (4) further comprises a top plate (44) and a lifting device (45), the top plate (44) is positioned above the limiting plate (42) in parallel, the lifting device (45) is vertically supported between the top plate (44) and the limiting plate (42), the upper end of the lifting device (45) is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the top plate (44), and the lower end of the lifting device (45) is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the limiting plate (42);

the lifting device (45) is four electric telescopic supporting rods, and the four electric telescopic supporting rods synchronously stretch to drive the top plate (44) to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

7. The shield machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 6, further comprising a driving device (5), wherein the driving device (5) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the top plate (44), the driving device (5) synchronously moves along with the top plate (44) in the vertical direction, and the driving device (5) is connected with the cutter head (2) through a transmission shaft (6);

the upper end of the transmission shaft (6) is detachably connected with the driving device (5), and the lower end of the transmission shaft (6) is detachably connected with the central round block (21);

the driving device (5) drives the transmission shaft (6) to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction so as to drive the cutterhead (2) to do synchronous motion, and the driving device (5) drives the transmission shaft (6) to drive the cutterhead (2) to rotate in the test cylinder (1);

the center of the limiting plate (42) is provided with a first round hole for the transmission shaft (6) to penetrate through.

8. The shield tunneling machine cutter abrasion prediction device according to claim 7, characterized in that the test cylinder (1) is matched with a cylinder cover (11) for sealing, and a second round hole matched with the transmission shaft (6) in a sealing way is formed in the center of the cylinder cover (11);

the cylinder cover (11) is provided with a pressurizing hole (111).

9. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 8, characterized in that a grouting hole (112) is provided in the cover (11).

10. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 7, wherein a rotation speed sensor and a torque sensor are provided on the transmission shaft (6), and a speed sensor is provided on the lifting device (45).

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