CN218974070U - A tool wear prediction device for shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a cutter abrasion prediction device of a shield machine. The device comprises a test cylinder for bearing a soil sample to be tested, a plurality of cutterheads and a plurality of cutting knife blocks; the cutter head comprises a center circular block, spokes and an annular cutter frame, wherein the center circular block is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame, the center circular block is connected with the annular cutter frame through the spokes, the spokes extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame and are uniformly distributed in the annular cutter frame in a circumference manner, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the spokes, and the cutting cutter block is detachably mounted in the mounting holes through bolts; the number of spokes of the plurality of cutterheads is different, and the plurality of cutting blade blocks adopts at least two types. Therefore, the device provides a cutter cooperative work mechanism based on different combination types, under the condition of simulating different sandy pebble strata, multiple cutter combinations are selected for testing, and finally the cutter combination with the adaptability fit and the minimum abrasion loss is reasonably selected, so that the aim of cutter abrasion prediction is fulfilled.

Description

A tool wear prediction device for a shield machine

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling construction, in particular to a tool wear prediction device for a shield tunneling machine.

Background technique

Shield tunnel boring machine, referred to as shield machine, is a special construction machine for tunnel boring. During construction, the shield machine excavates the soil while advancing along the tunnel axis. When the shield machine is excavating, it usually encounters complex strata such as upper soft and lower hard composite strata, sand and pebble strata. When the shield machine excavates in these complex strata, the wear of the shield machine tool increases sharply, so that it has to be cut during the construction process. Frequent downtime for tool changes will seriously delay the construction period, increase the project cost and increase the project risk. Therefore, in shield tunneling, how to effectively predict the amount of tool wear, so as to arrange the tools reasonably, reduce the wear of the tools, increase the healthy service status of the tools, and realize long-distance tunneling is very important. It was first proposed by the French Cerchar Institute that the shield machine tool wear test can be used to test the impact of rock abrasiveness indicators on tool wear, so as to study the wear of shield machine tools.

However, most of the tool wear tests of shield machines at home and abroad focus on hard rock abrasive tests, and there are few tests and methods that focus on composite strata and sand and pebble strata, and there is a big gap with the real situation. For example, the most commonly used test method is the linear cutting machine used by Cerchar Research Institute, but the simulated test situation is relatively simple, which is different from the actual engineering situation of shield machine tools.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a shield machine tool wear prediction device, which is equipped with multiple sets of tool assemblies, thereby solving the problem that the existing wear test can simulate a single situation and cannot truly and effectively simulate the tunneling process The technical problem of the wear amount of the cutting tool of the shield machine.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the utility model include:

The utility model provides a tool wear prediction device for a shield machine, which includes a test cylinder for carrying soil samples to be tested, and is characterized in that it includes a plurality of cutter heads and a plurality of cutting cutter blocks; the cutter head includes a central round block, Spokes and ring tool holders, the central block is located in the center of the ring tool holder, the central circle block and the ring tool holder are connected by spokes, the spokes extend along the radius of the ring tool holder and are evenly arranged in a circle in the ring tool holder, and there are multiple spokes on the spokes. There are three mounting holes, and the cutting blades are detachably installed in the mounting holes through bolts; the number of spokes of multiple cutter heads is different; at least two kinds of cutting blades are used; the cutter head with cutting blades can be extended into the test cylinder to rotate within the soil sample to be tested.

Further, two types of cutterheads are included, namely four-spoke cutterhead and eight-spoke cutterhead; the four-spoke cutterhead includes four spokes; and the eight-spoke cutterhead includes eight spokes.

Further, on the bottom surface of the spoke, a plurality of first installation holes are arranged equidistantly along its length direction, and the first installation holes are located on the center line of the spoke; A plurality of second installation holes are provided, and the second installation holes are symmetrical about the center line of the spoke; the tool wear prediction device of the shield machine includes two kinds of cutting blade blocks, which are respectively a shell knife and a cutter, and the shell knife can be detachably installed on the The first installation hole, the cutter can be detachably installed in the second installation hole; the shell knife and the cutter are assembled with the four-spoke cutter head to form the first cutter assembly; the shell knife and the four-spoke cutter head are assembled to form the second cutter assembly; the shell cutter and the four-spoke cutter head are assembled to form the second installation hole; The cutter is assembled with the eight-spoke cutterhead to form cutter assembly three; the shell knife is assembled with the eight-spoke cutterhead to form cutter assembly four.

Further, the cutting blade block also includes a central fishtail knife, and the central fishtail knife is arranged on the central circular block.

Further, it also includes a test bench, the test bench includes a vertical strut, a limit plate and a base, the limit plate is located above the base in parallel, the vertical strut is vertically supported between the limit plate and the base, and the vertical support The upper end of the rod is connected to the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate, and the lower end of the vertical strut is connected to the edge of the upper surface of the base; the test cylinder is placed on the base and is located between the limiting plate and the base.

Further, the test bench also includes a top plate and a lifting device, the top plate is located parallel to the top of the limiting plate, the lifting device is vertically supported between the top plate and the limiting plate, the upper end of the lifting device is connected to the edge of the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower end of the lifting device is connected to the limit plate. The upper edge of the position plate is connected; the lifting device is four electric telescopic struts, and the four electric telescopic struts are synchronously stretched to drive the top plate to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

Further, it also includes a driving device, the driving device is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the top plate, the driving device moves synchronously with the top plate in the vertical direction, the driving device and the cutter head are connected through the transmission shaft; the upper end of the transmission shaft is detachably connected with the driving device, and the transmission shaft The lower end is detachably connected to the central block; the driving device drives the transmission shaft to reciprocate in the vertical direction to drive the cutterhead to move synchronously, and the driving device drives the transmission shaft to drive the cutterhead to rotate in the test cylinder; The first circular hole through which the transmission shaft passes.

Furthermore, the test cylinder is equipped with a cylinder cover for sealing, and the center of the cylinder cover is provided with a second round hole which is sealingly matched with the transmission shaft; the cylinder cover is provided with a booster hole.

Further, a grouting hole is provided on the cylinder cover.

Further, a rotational speed sensor and a torque sensor are arranged on the transmission shaft, and a speed sensor is arranged on the lifting device.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model provides a tool wear prediction device for a shield machine, which proposes a cooperative working mechanism based on different combination types of tools. Under the conditions of simulating different sand and pebble formations, a variety of tool combinations were selected for testing. Among them, the simulated cutter head is in the form of multi-spokes, which simulates the shield machine of the spoke-type panel to the greatest extent. The spokes are equipped with various arrangements and combinations of cutting blades, which can better simulate the wear of multiple types of tools under collaborative cutting under real conditions. In order to explore the real wear amount of shield machines with different cutter head forms and cutter block layout under different formation conditions. Finally, reasonably select the tool combination with the best adaptability and the least wear to achieve the purpose of tool wear prediction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cutter assembly one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cutter assembly two;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tool assembly three;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cutter assembly four;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool wear prediction device for a shield machine.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1: test cylinder; 11: cylinder cover; 111: booster hole; 112: grouting hole;

2: cutter head; 21: central block; 22: spoke; 23: ring tool holder;

3: cutting knife block; 31: shell knife; 32: cutting knife; 33: center fishtail knife;

4: Test bench; 41: Vertical support rod; 42: Limiting plate; 43: Base; 44: Top plate; 45: Lifting device;

5: driving device; 6: transmission shaft.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following will describe the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the utility model provides a shield machine tool wear prediction device, including a test cylinder 1, a plurality of cutter heads 2, a plurality of cutting blade blocks 3, a test bench 4 and a driving device 5.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the test bench 4 includes a top plate 44 , a vertical strut 41 , a limiting plate 42 and a base 43 , the limiting plate 42 is located above the base 43 in parallel, and the top plate 44 is located above the limiting plate 42 in parallel. The upper end of the vertical strut 41 is connected to the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate 42 , the lower end is connected to the edge of the upper surface of the base 43 , and is vertically supported between the limiting plate 42 and the base 43 . The test cylinder 1 is used to carry the soil sample to be tested, placed on the base 43 and located between the limiting plate 42 and the base 43 .

The cutter head 2 includes a central round block 21 , spokes 22 and an annular cutter holder 23 . The cutter head structure in the form of spokes makes the opening ratio of the cutter head larger. During the simulated tunneling cutting process, the overall resistance of the cutter head 2 will be less, and the corresponding torque on the cutter head 2 and the cutting power of the drive device 5 will be lower. , so as to reduce the power load of the driving device 5, and more accurately explore the wear of the cutting block 3 under different formation conditions during the excavation and cutting process.

The central circle block 21 is positioned at the center of the ring knife rest 23, and the spokes 22 extend along the radius of the ring knife rest 23 and are evenly arranged in a circle in the ring knife rest 23. Together. The bottom surface of the spoke 22 is provided with a plurality of installation holes, and a plurality of first installation holes located on the center line of the spoke 22 are arranged equidistantly along its length direction. A plurality of second mounting holes symmetrical to the centerline of the spokes are provided in the distance arrangement. The cutting block 3 is detachably installed in the mounting hole by means of bolts with back threads. The cutter head 2 equipped with the cutting blade block 3 can extend into the test cylinder 1 and rotate in the soil sample to be tested.

The driving device 5 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the top plate 44 and is connected with the cutter head 2 through the transmission shaft 6 .

Specifically, the driving device 5 includes a motor and a shaft coupling. One end of the motor is connected to the top plate 44 by bolts, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the shaft coupling, and the other end of the shaft coupling is detachably connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 6 by bolts. 6. The lower end is detachably connected to the central round block 21 to realize the detachable connection between the transmission shaft 6 and the cutterhead 2. Therefore, the driving device 5 drives the transmission shaft 6 to drive the cutter head 2 to rotate in the test cylinder 1 .

In order to make the cutterhead 2 rotate on its own and provide an accurate tunneling speed for the excavation of the cutterhead 2, and better simulate the abrasion of the cutterhead 2 by the soil under different stratum conditions, the test bench 4 also includes a lifting device 45 . The lifting device 45 is four electric telescopic struts, the upper ends of the four electric telescopic struts are connected with the edge of the lower surface of the top plate 44, the lower end is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the limit plate 42, and are vertically supported between the top plate 44 and the limit plate. Between 42. The four electric telescopic struts are synchronously telescopic to drive the top plate 44 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The driving device 5 moves synchronously with the top plate 44 , and then drives the transmission shaft 6 and the cutter head 2 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. A first circular hole for passing the transmission shaft 6 is opened in the center of the limiting plate 42 so that the transmission shaft 6 can move through the first circular hole without hindrance.

As shown in Fig. 1-4, two kinds of cutterheads 2 are provided in the utility model, and the number of spokes 22 of cutterhead 2 is different, are respectively the four-spoke cutterhead comprising four spokes 22 and the eight-spoke cutterhead comprising eight spokes 22. Spoke burrs. The spokes 22 of the four-spoke cutter head are arranged in a cross shape, and the included angle between two adjacent spokes 22 of the eight-spoke cutter head is 45°.

Simultaneously, the utility model comprises three kinds of cutting cutter blocks 3, are shell cutter 31, cutter 32 and center fish tail cutter 33 respectively. The blade of the shell cutter 31 is arc-shaped, is detachably installed in the first installation hole, and is arranged on the front end face of the annular knife holder 23, and is specially used for cutting sand and pebbles. The cutting surface of the cutter 32 is inclined to the body of the cutter 32, and is detachably installed in the second installation hole. The cutter 32 is arranged on both sides of the spoke 22, and can be split with the rotation of the cutter head 2 when the cutter head 2 is pushed forward. The excavated surface soil produces axial shear force and radial (tangential direction of cutter head 2 rotation) cutting force. At this time, the blade and cutter head of the cutter 32 are inserted into the stratum to cut the soil. The center fishtail knife 33 is a kind of fishtail-shaped cutting knife block 3, which is arranged on the center circle block 21, which improves the cutting and stirring effect of the soil body at the center of the cutter head 2. The size of the central fishtail knife 33 is larger than the size of the shell knife 31 and the cutter 32, and exceeds the plane where the shell knife 31 and the cutter 32 are located to ensure that the central fishtail knife 33 cuts the soil first. The central fishtail knife 33 can be used to cut the small circular section soil at the center, and then expand to the full section to cut the soil.

When carrying out the simulation test, the cutting block 3 can be optionally installed on the mounting hole. In the utility model, the following four groups of cutter assemblies are formed:

As shown in FIG. 1 , a shell knife 31 , a cutting knife 32 and a central fishtail knife 33 are assembled with a four-spoke cutter head to form a cutter assembly one. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are arranged on the spoke 22 of the four-spoke cutter head, a plurality of sets of cutters 32 are arranged on both sides of the spoke 22, and a central fishtail cutter 33 is arranged on the central circle block 21 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the shell cutter 31 and the central fishtail cutter 33 are assembled with the four-spoke cutter disc to form the second cutter assembly. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are arranged on the spokes 22 of the four-spoke cutterhead, and a central fishtail knife 33 is arranged on the central round block 21 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , a shell cutter 31 , a cutter 32 and a central fishtail cutter 33 are assembled with an eight-spoke cutter disc to form a cutter assembly three. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are arranged on the spoke 22 centerline of the eight-spoke cutter head, a plurality of groups of cutters 32 are arranged on both sides of the spoke 22, and a central fishtail cutter 33 is arranged on the central circle block 21 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the shell cutter 31 and the central fishtail cutter 33 are assembled with the eight-spoke cutter disc to form a fourth cutter assembly. At this time, a plurality of shell knives 31 are arranged on the center line of the spokes 22 of the eight-spoke cutter head, and a central fishtail knife 33 is arranged on the central round block 21 .

Wherein, the cutters 32 can be in two groups, four groups, six groups or eight groups, and the sizes of the three kinds of cutting blade blocks 3 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

When the degree of soil consolidation in the formation is higher, the content of pebbles and gravels is higher, and the degree of joints between sand and pebbles is greater, the cutter head 2 with more spokes 22 and the cutting blade block 3 with complex layout are selected.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , the test cylinder 1 is equipped with a cylinder cover 11 for sealing so that the test process is in a fully sealed state. The center of the cylinder cover 11 is provided with a second round hole that is sealingly matched with the transmission shaft 6 . Simultaneously, cylinder cover 11 is provided with pressurization hole 111, when cutter head 2 excavates, can pressurize and seal test soil sample, makes test condition closer to the airtight and pressurized condition in cutter head bin during actual excavation. The cylinder cover 11 is also provided with a grouting hole 112 for adding soil conditioner.

Finally, the transmission shaft 6 is provided with a speed sensor and a torque sensor, and the lifting device 45 is provided with a speed sensor, so as to explore the combination of the selection of the cutter head 2 and the layout of the cutting block 3 under different formation conditions with the highest excavation efficiency. The criterion of less wear of the cutting tool block 3 proposes the most reasonable choice, so as to achieve the purpose of predicting the wear of the tool.

In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" refers to the A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention. Alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. The cutter abrasion prediction device of the shield tunneling machine comprises a test cylinder (1) for bearing a soil sample to be detected and is characterized by comprising a plurality of cutter heads (2) and a plurality of cutter blocks (3);

the cutter head (2) comprises a center circular block (21), spokes (22) and an annular cutter frame (23), wherein the center circular block (21) is positioned at the center of the annular cutter frame (23), the center circular block (21) is connected with the annular cutter frame (23) through the spokes (22), the spokes (22) extend along the radius of the annular cutter frame (23) and are uniformly arranged in the annular cutter frame (23) in a circumferential manner, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the spokes (22), and the cutting cutter block (3) is detachably mounted in the mounting holes through bolts;

the number of spokes (22) of the plurality of cutterheads (2) is different;

the plurality of cutting knife blocks (3) adopt at least two types;

the cutterhead (2) provided with the cutting blade block (3) can extend into the test cylinder (1) to rotate in the soil sample to be tested.

2. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 1, comprising two cutterheads (2), respectively a four-spoke cutterhead and an eight-spoke cutterhead;

the four-spoke cutterhead comprises four spokes (22);

the eight spoke cutterhead includes eight of the spokes (22).

3. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction apparatus of claim 2,

the bottom surface of the spoke (22) is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes which are sequentially and equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the spoke, and the first mounting holes are positioned on the central line of the spoke (22);

a plurality of second mounting holes are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the two side walls of the spoke (22) along the length direction; and the second mounting hole is symmetrical about a midline of the spoke (22);

the cutter abrasion prediction device of the shield tunneling machine comprises two cutting cutter blocks (3), namely a shell cutter (31) and a cutter (32), wherein the shell cutter (31) can be detachably arranged in the first mounting hole, and the cutter (32) can be detachably arranged in the second mounting hole;

the shell cutter (31) and the cutter (32) are assembled with the four-spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly I;

the shell cutter (31) and the four-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter assembly II;

the shell cutter (31) and the cutter (32) are assembled with the eight-spoke cutterhead to form a cutter assembly III;

the shell cutter (31) and the eight-spoke cutter disc are assembled to form a cutter assembly IV.

4. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said cutting blade block (3) further comprises a center tail cutter (33), said center tail cutter (33) being disposed on said center knob (21).

5. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 1, further comprising a test bench (4), wherein the test bench (4) comprises a vertical stay bar (41), a limiting plate (42) and a base (43), the limiting plate (42) is positioned above the base (43) in parallel, the vertical stay bar (41) is vertically supported between the limiting plate (42) and the base (43), the upper end of the vertical stay bar (41) is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the limiting plate (42), and the lower end of the vertical stay bar (41) is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the base (43);

the test cartridge (1) is placed on the base (43) and is located between the limiting plate (42) and the base (43).

6. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the test bench (4) further comprises a top plate (44) and a lifting device (45), the top plate (44) is positioned above the limiting plate (42) in parallel, the lifting device (45) is vertically supported between the top plate (44) and the limiting plate (42), the upper end of the lifting device (45) is connected with the edge of the lower surface of the top plate (44), and the lower end of the lifting device (45) is connected with the edge of the upper surface of the limiting plate (42);

the lifting device (45) is four electric telescopic supporting rods, and the four electric telescopic supporting rods synchronously stretch to drive the top plate (44) to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

7. The shield machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 6, further comprising a driving device (5), wherein the driving device (5) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the top plate (44), the driving device (5) synchronously moves along with the top plate (44) in the vertical direction, and the driving device (5) is connected with the cutter head (2) through a transmission shaft (6);

the upper end of the transmission shaft (6) is detachably connected with the driving device (5), and the lower end of the transmission shaft (6) is detachably connected with the central round block (21);

the driving device (5) drives the transmission shaft (6) to do reciprocating motion in the vertical direction so as to drive the cutterhead (2) to do synchronous motion, and the driving device (5) drives the transmission shaft (6) to drive the cutterhead (2) to rotate in the test cylinder (1);

the center of the limiting plate (42) is provided with a first round hole for the transmission shaft (6) to penetrate through.

8. The shield tunneling machine cutter abrasion prediction device according to claim 7, characterized in that the test cylinder (1) is matched with a cylinder cover (11) for sealing, and a second round hole matched with the transmission shaft (6) in a sealing way is formed in the center of the cylinder cover (11);

the cylinder cover (11) is provided with a pressurizing hole (111).

9. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 8, characterized in that a grouting hole (112) is provided in the cover (11).

10. The shield tunneling machine cutter wear prediction device according to claim 7, wherein a rotation speed sensor and a torque sensor are provided on the transmission shaft (6), and a speed sensor is provided on the lifting device (45).

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