CN218964258U

CN218964258U - Gear grinding wheel

Info

Publication number: CN218964258U
Application number: CN202320012192.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭华杰; 熊永强; 孙中奎; 曹洪; 周兴军
Original assignee: Nanjing High Speed Gear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing High Speed Gear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-04
Filing date: 2023-01-04
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-04

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gear machining and discloses a gear grinding wheel. The outer surface of the gear grinding wheel is formed by rotating a contour line around a central axis for 360 degrees, the contour line is provided with an apex C, one side of the apex C is provided with a first cutting section AB and a first tooth top section BC which are sequentially connected, the first cutting section AB and the first tooth top section BC are tangential at an intersection point B, the first cutting section AB is used for processing an involute of a gear, the first tooth top section BC is a Bezier curve, and the first tooth top section BC is used for processing a tooth root of the gear; the side wall of the gear grinding wheel is provided with a chip groove which is positioned on the first cutting section AB. The utility model realizes the flushing of scrap iron in the scrap groove, improves the heat dissipation and scrap removal conditions, and reduces the risk of local grinding burn. The first tooth top segment BC curvature distribution can be adjusted through parameters, so that the tooth root strength of a machined gear can be greatly improved.

Description

Gear grinding wheel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a gear grinding wheel.

Background

The gear grinding wheel is a main internal tooth processing mode, and is particularly suitable for precise grinding with high precision requirement and larger modulus. The numerical control forming grinding wheel gear grinding machine can trim the shape of the grinding wheel through the diamond roller to obtain the accurate shape of the tooth profile, and various root fillet transition curves can be ground after corresponding software is provided.

When the grinding wheel is used for forming and grinding the gear, higher heat is generated, iron foam generated in the grinding process can be adhered to a metal surface, and when the generated heat and the iron foam cannot be timely discharged, the surface of the workpiece can be burnt, and in practice, the grinding burn mainly occurs near the involute starting point of the gear.

In patent CN212886998U, a novel grinding wheel is disclosed, the side wall of which is provided with spiral chip grooves, the outer surfaces of the left and right sides of the grinding wheel body are provided with spiral chip grooves, the spiral chip grooves are in a groove shape, the spiral chip grooves are uniformly arranged in a ring array mode, and iron foam generated in the grinding process can be discharged along the spiral chip grooves. However, because the wall thickness of the grinding wheel is thinner, if the spiral chip groove is arranged on the side wall of the grinding wheel in a large area, the strength of the grinding wheel is weakened more, and the processing precision of the tooth surface is not facilitated.

Furthermore, in the prior art, the tooth top section often adopts the arc structure, is simple and general, has unique structure, but is limited by the structure, and the tooth top curvature is fixed and can not be adjusted, so that the stress concentration condition of the tooth root of the machined gear ring can not be further improved.

Based on this, there is a need for a gear grinding wheel that solves the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, the utility model aims to provide a gear grinding wheel, which improves the heat dissipation and chip removal conditions, reduces the risk of grinding burn, and greatly improves the tooth root strength of a processed gear by adjusting the curvature distribution of a first tooth top segment BC through parameters.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the outer surface of the gear grinding wheel is formed by rotating a contour line around a central axis for 360 degrees, the contour line is provided with an apex C, one side of the apex C is provided with a first cutting section AB and a first tooth top section BC which are sequentially connected, the first cutting section AB and the first tooth top section BC are tangent at an intersection point B, the first cutting section AB is used for machining an involute of a gear, the first tooth top section BC is a Bezier curve, and the first tooth top section BC is used for machining a tooth root of the gear;

the side wall of the gear grinding wheel is provided with a chip groove, and the chip groove is positioned on the first cutting section AB.

As a preferable technical scheme of the gear grinding wheel, the number of the chip removal grooves is multiple, and the chip removal grooves are arranged at intervals around the central axis.

As a preferred embodiment of the tooth grinding wheel, the chip grooves are located at the intersection point B.

As a preferable technical scheme of the tooth grinding wheel, the first tooth top section BC comprises a first control point, a second control point, a third control point and a fourth control point, a first auxiliary line CG is a tangent line of the vertex C, a point I is located on the first auxiliary line CG, a second auxiliary line BG is a tangent line of the intersection point B, a point H is located on the second auxiliary line BG, and the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersect at a point G;

the first control point is the intersection point B, the second control point is the vertex C, the third control point is the point I, and the fourth control point is the point H.

As a preferable technical scheme of the tooth grinding wheel, the first tooth top segment BC comprises a first control point, a second control point, a third control point, a fourth control point and a fifth control point, the first auxiliary line CG is a tangent line of the vertex C, the second auxiliary line BG is a tangent line of the intersection point B, the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersect at a point G, a point I is located on the first auxiliary line CG, a point H is located on the second auxiliary line BG, a third auxiliary line HI is formed between the point H and the point I, a point Q is located on the third auxiliary line HI, a fourth auxiliary line GQ is formed between the point G and the point Q, and the point P is located on the fourth auxiliary line GQ;

the first control point is the intersection point B, the second control point is the vertex C, the third control point is the point I, the fourth control point is the point H, and the fifth control point is the point P.

As a preferable technical scheme of the gear grinding wheel, a point O is arranged below the vertex C, a second tooth top section CD and a second cutting section DE which are sequentially connected are arranged on the other side of the vertex C, the first cutting section AB and the second cutting section DE are symmetrical about a symmetry axis OC, and the first tooth top section BC and the second tooth top section CD are symmetrical about the symmetry axis OC.

As a preferred embodiment of the tooth grinding wheel, the first tooth top segment BC and the second tooth top segment CD are tangent at the apex C.

As a preferable technical scheme of the gear grinding wheel, chip grooves are formed in two sides of the gear grinding wheel.

As a preferred technical solution of the gear grinding wheel, the first cutting segment AB is a straight line.

As a preferable technical scheme of the gear grinding wheel, the chip removal groove is an arc groove.

As a preferable technical scheme of the gear grinding wheel, the depth of the chip removal groove is 0.2mm-0.3mm.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model provides a gear grinding wheel, which rotates at high speed during processing, a first cutting section AB processes an involute part of a formed gear, a first tooth top section BC processes a tooth root of the formed gear, and the involute of the gear and the tooth root of the gear can be ensured to be in smooth transitional connection due to the fact that the first cutting section AB and the first tooth top section BC are tangent at an intersection point B, and structural strength is improved. Furthermore, a chip groove is formed in the side wall of the gear grinding wheel, the chip groove is located on the first cutting section AB, when the involute part of the gear is ground, scrap iron at the involute part can move into the chip groove, and meanwhile, the scrap iron in the chip groove is washed in cooperation with cooling liquid, so that on one hand, the scrap iron in the chip groove is washed; on the other hand, the cooling of the grinding part is realized, and the processing quality is improved. The volume of the chip groove is far smaller than that of the spiral chip groove in the prior art, and the structural strength of the gear grinding wheel is hardly changed. The utility model solves the problem of grinding burn occurring during the involute machining of the gear, improves the heat dissipation and chip removal conditions and reduces the risk of grinding burn under the condition of ensuring the structural strength of the gear grinding wheel.

Furthermore, the first tooth top segment BC is a Bezier curve, so that the curvature distribution of the tooth tops of the grinding wheels for grinding teeth is improved, and the tooth root strength of the machined gear can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional grinding wheel structure, the transition curve at the top of the gear grinding wheel adopts a Bezier curve which is different from an arc, and the BC curvature distribution of the first tooth top section can be adjusted by parameters; the optimal grinding wheel section is designed according to given tooth profile parameters, so that the tooth root strength of a machined gear can be greatly improved, and the effect is improved by about 10%.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present utility model and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional profile view of a gear grinding wheel according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gear grinding wheel according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic molding diagram of a first tooth top segment BC according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic molding diagram of a first tooth top segment BC according to a second embodiment of the present utility model.

The figures are labeled as follows:

1. grinding wheel for grinding teeth; 11. chip removal groove.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a tooth grinding wheel 1, wherein the outer surface of the tooth grinding wheel 1 is formed by rotating a contour line around a central axis for 360 degrees, the contour line has an apex C, one side of the apex C is provided with a first cutting segment AB and a first tooth top segment BC which are sequentially connected, the first cutting segment AB and the first tooth top segment BC are tangent at an intersection point B, the first cutting segment AB is used for machining an involute of a gear, the first tooth top segment BC is a bezier curve, and the first tooth top segment BC is used for machining a tooth root of the gear; the side wall of the gear grinding wheel is provided with a chip groove 11, and the chip groove 11 is positioned on the first cutting segment AB.

During processing, the gear grinding wheel 1 rotates at a high speed, the first cutting section AB processes the involute part of the formed gear, the first tooth top section BC processes the tooth root of the formed gear, and the involute of the gear and the tooth root of the gear can be guaranteed to be in smooth transitional connection due to the fact that the first cutting section AB and the first tooth top section BC are tangent at the intersection point B, and structural strength is improved. Furthermore, a chip groove 11 is formed in the side wall of the gear grinding wheel 1, the chip groove 11 is located on the first cutting section AB, when the involute part of the gear is ground, scrap iron at the involute part can move into the chip groove 11, and meanwhile, flushing of cooling liquid is matched, so that on one hand, flushing of the scrap iron in the chip groove 11 is realized; on the other hand, the cooling of the grinding part is realized, and the processing quality is improved. The volume of the junk slot 11 is far smaller than that of the spiral junk slot in the prior art, and the structural strength of the gear grinding wheel 1 is hardly changed. The utility model solves the problem of grinding burn occurring during the involute machining of the gear, improves the heat dissipation and chip removal conditions and reduces the risk of grinding burn under the condition of ensuring the structural strength of the gear grinding wheel 1.

Furthermore, according to the principle of instantaneous envelope, the section shape of the end section of the grinding wheel has a certain specific conjugate relation with the tooth shape of the gear processed by the section shape. In theory, the aim of improving stress distribution and improving tooth root strength of the gear ring can be achieved by optimizing the circular arc structure of the grinding wheel. In this embodiment, the first tooth top segment BC is a bezier curve, which improves the curvature distribution of the tooth top of the grinding wheel 1, and can effectively improve the tooth root strength of the machined gear. Compared with the traditional grinding wheel structure, the transition curve at the top of the gear grinding wheel 1 adopts a Bezier curve which is different from an arc, and the curvature distribution can be adjusted by parameters; the optimal grinding wheel section is designed according to given tooth profile parameters, so that the tooth root strength of a machined gear can be greatly improved, and the effect is improved by about 10%.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the first tooth top segment BC includes a first control point, a second control point, a third control point and a fourth control point, the first auxiliary line CG is a tangent line of the vertex C, the point I is located on the first auxiliary line CG, the second auxiliary line BG is a tangent line of the intersection point B, the point H is located on the second auxiliary line BG, and the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersect at the point G; the first control point is an intersection point B, the second control point is a vertex C, the third control point is a point I, and the fourth control point is a point H.

The present embodiment also provides a principle of generating the first tooth tip segment BC, specifically as follows:

1. generating a section of the end part of the gear grinding wheel 1 according to the tooth profile parameters of the machined gear piece, the involute starting point and the diameter of the gear grinding wheel 1 according to the forming gear grinding non-instantaneous envelope principle, and determining a first cutting section AB to obtain the position and slope of an intersection point B;

2. determining the position of an apex C according to the diameter parameter of the gear grinding wheel 1, wherein the tangential slope passing through the apex C is 0 as the apex C is on a symmetrical axis OC;

3. k1=ic/CG, k2=bh/BG; k1 and k2 range from 0 to 1;

4. the first tooth top segment BC is a four-point controlled Bezier curve, and after the K1 and the K2 are determined, the coordinates and the sequence of the four control points are determined, and the Bezier curve is the only curve.

It should be specifically noted that, the molding principle of the four-point controlled bezier curve is the prior art, and will not be described herein.

In this embodiment, the first cutting segment AB is a straight line, that is, the position of the gear grinding wheel 1 at the first cutting segment AB is a plane, so as to meet the machining requirement of the involute of the gear.

Preferably, the number of the chip discharging grooves 11 is plural, the plurality of chip discharging grooves 11 are arranged at intervals around the central axis, and the plurality of chip discharging grooves 11 improve chip discharging efficiency.

In the prior art, gears have found that grinding burns occur primarily at the start of the involute curve at the tooth root. Preferably, the chip groove 11 is located at the intersection point B, that is, the chip groove 11 is located on the arc of the intersection point B, and the initial position of the involute at the tooth root is processed in a targeted manner, so that the improvement effect is improved.

Preferably, a point O is disposed below the vertex C, a second tooth top segment CD and a second cutting segment DE are sequentially connected to each other on the other side of the vertex C, the first cutting segment AB and the second cutting segment DE are symmetrical about the symmetry axis OC, the first tooth top segment BC and the second tooth top segment CD are symmetrical about the symmetry axis OC, and the first tooth top segment BC and the second tooth top segment CD are all bezier curves. Wherein, the circumference of gear is provided with a plurality of teeth of a cogwheel, and one side of the teeth of a cogwheel in first cutting section AB and the first tooth top section BC processing gear, the opposite side of the next teeth of a cogwheel of second tooth top section CD and the processing of second cutting section DE, when the adjacent teeth of a cogwheel of processing, the grinding wheel of grinding tooth 1 need not to trade the face, improves machining efficiency, improves the life of grinding wheel of grinding tooth 1.

In this embodiment, the first tooth top segment BC and the second tooth top segment CD are tangent at the vertex C, so that the surface of the tooth root of the adjacent tooth structure of the gear is prevented from being flat, and the structural strength is improved.

Further, chip grooves 11 are formed in two sides of the gear grinding wheel 1, and effective chip removal can be achieved when involute is machined on two sides of the gear teeth.

Preferably, the junk slots 11 have a depth of 0.2mm to 0.3mm. The depth of the junk slots 11 is not too deep, and the too deep junk slots 11 can affect the strength of the tooth grinding wheel 1 and can also lead to the cooling liquid not to effectively remove the scrap iron from the junk slots 11.

In this embodiment, the chip removal groove 11 is an arc groove, which is beneficial to processing. In other embodiments, the junk slots 11 may also be square slots, cylindrical slots, or the like.

Example two

The present embodiment provides a tooth grinding wheel, compared with the first embodiment, only the molding mode of the first tooth top segment BC is different, other features are not different from the first embodiment, and the structure of the first embodiment is not repeated.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the first tooth top segment BC includes a first control point, a second control point, a third control point, a fourth control point and a fifth control point, the first auxiliary line CG is a tangent line of the vertex C, the second auxiliary line BG is a tangent line of the intersection point B, the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersect at a point G, a point I is located on the first auxiliary line CG, a point H is located on the second auxiliary line BG, a third auxiliary line HI is formed between the point H and the point I, a point Q is located on the third auxiliary line HI, a fourth auxiliary line GQ is formed between the point G and the point Q, and the point P is located on the fourth auxiliary line GQ; the first control point is an intersection point B, the second control point is a vertex C, the third control point is a point I, the fourth control point is a point H, and the fifth control point is a point P.

1. generating a section of the end part of the gear grinding wheel 1 according to the tooth profile parameters of the machined gear piece, the involute starting point and the diameter of the gear grinding wheel 1 according to the forming gear grinding non-instantaneous envelope principle, and determining a first cutting section AB to obtain the position and the slope of a point intersection point B;

3. k1=ic/CG, k2=bh/BG; k3 =iq/IH, k4=qp/QG, K1, K2, K3 and K4 ranging from 0 to 1;

4. the first tooth top segment BC is a Bezier curve controlled by five points, and when the coordinates and the sequence of the five control points are determined after the K1, the K2, the K3 and the K4 are determined, the Bezier curve is the only curve.

It should be specifically noted that the molding principle of the five-point controlled bezier curve is the prior art, and will not be described herein.

Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, while the utility model has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the utility model is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. The gear grinding wheel is characterized in that the outer surface of the gear grinding wheel is formed by rotating a contour line around a central axis for 360 degrees, the contour line is provided with an apex C, one side of the apex C is provided with a first cutting segment AB and a first tooth top segment BC which are sequentially connected, the first cutting segment AB and the first tooth top segment BC are tangential at an intersection point B, the first cutting segment AB is used for machining an involute of a gear, the first tooth top segment BC is a Bezier curve, and the first tooth top segment BC is used for machining a tooth root of the gear;

the side wall of the gear grinding wheel is provided with a chip groove (11), and the chip groove (11) is positioned on the first cutting section AB.

2. Tooth grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of junk slots (11) is plural, a plurality of the junk slots (11) being arranged at intervals around the central axis.

3. Tooth grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the chip groove (11) is located at the intersection point B.

4. The grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein the first tooth tip segment BC comprises a first control point, a second control point, a third control point, and a fourth control point, a first auxiliary line CG being a tangent to the vertex C, point I being located on the first auxiliary line CG, a second auxiliary line BG being a tangent to the intersection point B, point H being located on the second auxiliary line BG, the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersecting at point G;

5. The tooth grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the first tooth tip segment BC includes a first control point, a second control point, a third control point, a fourth control point, and a fifth control point, the first auxiliary line CG being a tangent to the vertex C, the second auxiliary line BG being a tangent to the intersection point B, the first auxiliary line CG and the second auxiliary line BG intersecting at a point G, a point I being located on the first auxiliary line CG, a point H being located on the second auxiliary line BG, a third auxiliary line HI being formed between the point H and the point I, a point Q being located on the third auxiliary line HI, a fourth auxiliary line GQ being formed between the point G and the point Q, the point P being located on the fourth auxiliary line GQ;

6. The tooth grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein a point O is provided below the apex C, a second tooth top segment CD and a second cutting segment DE are provided on the other side of the apex C, which are sequentially connected, the first cutting segment AB and the second cutting segment DE being symmetrical about the symmetry axis OC, and the first tooth top segment BC and the second tooth top segment CD being symmetrical about the symmetry axis OC.

7. The tooth grinding wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first tooth top segment BC and said second tooth top segment CD are tangent at said apex C.

8. Tooth grinding wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that both sides of the tooth grinding wheel are provided with junk slots (11).

9. Tooth grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the junk slots (11) are arc-shaped slots.

10. Tooth grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the chip groove (11) has a depth of 0.2mm-0.3mm.