CN218957828U - Circuit for detecting thermal runaway of battery - Google Patents
Circuit for detecting thermal runaway of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN218957828U CN218957828U CN202222671400.8U CN202222671400U CN218957828U CN 218957828 U CN218957828 U CN 218957828U CN 202222671400 U CN202222671400 U CN 202222671400U CN 218957828 U CN218957828 U CN 218957828U
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- RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery, which is applied to a battery module and is arranged inside the battery module. The battery module comprises at least one battery core. The circuit for detecting the thermal runaway of the battery comprises a battery management system with a microcontroller and a fan set. When the battery module is not used, the battery management system is powered off, and before the system is powered off, the microcontroller is set to operate in a power-off state, so that the microcontroller stops controlling the charge and discharge of the battery core and the rotation of the fan set. When the fan set is driven by wind pressure to rotate, the rotating fan set generates induced electromotive force to output a starting power supply to the microcontroller so as to restart the microcontroller. After the microcontroller is restarted, the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the battery cell to judge whether the battery cell is out of control.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery, and more particularly, to a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery using a fan assembly.
Background
The battery core has a function of storing electric charges. The battery cells are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module, so as to be used as a power supply source of the electronic device, for example, the battery module is used as a power supply source of the electric vehicle. A battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) is typically provided in the battery module. The battery management system is used for managing charge and discharge operations of the battery module and detecting whether an abnormality occurs in a battery cell in the battery module, such as thermal runaway of the battery cell.
In addition, when the battery module is not in use, the battery management system is generally in a shutdown or sleep mode in order to reduce the power consumption of the battery module. The battery management system in the shutdown or sleep mode does not detect the abnormality of the battery cells. If the battery cells are out of control due to a collision, short circuit or other unexpected factors, the battery management system in shutdown or sleep mode will not be known. If the thermal runaway of the battery cells cannot be known at the first time, a serious fire will be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery, which is applied to a battery module. The battery module comprises a metal shell, a plurality of battery cores, a battery fixing frame and a circuit board. The circuit board and the battery fixing frame containing the battery core are arranged in the metal shell. The two sides of the metal shell are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet or the air outlet can also be provided with a fan group. The circuit board is provided with a battery management system and a microcontroller. When the battery module is used, the battery management system sets the microcontroller to operate in an operation mode, and controls the battery core to charge and discharge and the fan set to rotate normally at a preset rotating speed through the microcontroller. When the battery module is not in use, the battery management system is shut down, and the microcontroller is set to operate in a shutdown mode before the battery management system is shut down, so that the microcontroller stops controlling the charge and discharge of the battery core and stops controlling the rotation of the fan set. If the battery core is out of control during the non-use period of the battery module, the pressure in the sealed metal casing will rise instantaneously due to the out of control battery core, so as to generate hot wind pressure in the metal casing, and the fan set will be driven to rotate by the hot wind pressure. After the fan set is driven by wind pressure to rotate, the rotating fan set generates induced electromotive force to output a starting power supply. When the voltage of the start-up power supply is higher than the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller, the microcontroller will start up. After the microcontroller is started, the temperature of the battery cell is sensed by the temperature sensor to determine whether the battery cell is out of control. If the battery cell is sensed to be out of control, the microcontroller will initiate an emergency strain measure for the out of control, thereby reducing the damage caused by the out of control.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present utility model provides a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery, which is applied to a battery module and disposed inside the battery module, wherein the battery module includes at least one battery cell, and the circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery includes: the microcontroller is operated in a shutdown mode when the battery module is not used; the temperature sensor is connected with the microcontroller and the battery core, and the microcontroller senses the temperature of the battery core through the temperature sensor; the fan group is connected with the microcontroller, and when the fan group is driven by wind pressure to rotate, the rotating fan group generates induced electromotive force to output a starting power supply to the microcontroller so as to restart the microcontroller; after restarting the microcontroller, the temperature sensor senses the temperature of the battery cell to determine whether the battery cell is out of control.
Further, the circuit for detecting the thermal runaway of the battery also comprises a power supply loop, wherein the power supply loop comprises a first switch, a second switch, a main battery power supply, an external power supply and a standby battery power supply, a first end of the first switch is connected with the main battery power supply or the external power supply, a control end of the first switch is connected with the microcontroller, and a second end of the first switch is connected with the microcontroller; the first end of the second switch is connected with the second end of the first switch, the control end is connected with the microcontroller, and the second end is connected with the fan set; when the battery module is used, the microcontroller operates in an operation mode and controls the first switch and the second switch to be conducted, and the power supply provided by the main battery power supply or the external power supply is respectively supplied to the microcontroller and the fan set through the first switch and the second switch; when the battery module is not in use, the microcontroller operates in a shutdown mode, and the microcontroller controls the first switch and the second switch to be disconnected before the microcontroller enters the shutdown mode from the operation mode, and the main battery power supply or the external power supply stops supplying power to the microcontroller and the fan set.
Preferably, the microcontroller will be restarted when the start-up power source exceeds the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller.
Preferably, when the start-up power source exceeds the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller to trigger the microcontroller to restart, the main battery power source or the standby battery power source will supply power to the microcontroller so that the microcontroller can stably sense whether the battery cell is thermally out of control.
Preferably, when the microcontroller determines that the battery cell has thermally lost through the temperature sensor sensing the temperature of the battery cell, a thermal loss notification is sent to an external central control system.
Preferably, when the microcontroller determines that the battery core has thermally run away by sensing the temperature of the battery core through the temperature sensor, the microcontroller controls the second switch to be turned on, the power supply provided by the standby battery power supply or the main battery power supply is supplied to the fan set through the second switch, the fan set is started by the power supply, and the microcontroller controls the started fan set to rotate at a preset rotation speed or a high rotation speed.
Preferably, a fuse is arranged between the battery core and the power input/output port, and when the microcontroller determines that the battery core has thermal runaway according to the temperature of the battery core sensed by the temperature sensor, the microcontroller outputs a fusing current to the fuse to fuse the fuse.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top perspective view of an embodiment of a battery module of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery according to the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method of detecting thermal runaway of a battery according to the present utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate: a 100-cell module; 101-wind pressure; 11-a metal housing; 12-battery cells; 121-a fuse; 122-power input/output port; 13-a battery holder; 14-a system circuit board; 151-an air inlet; 152-an air outlet; 16-fan set; 160-starting a power supply; 161-diode; 20-a battery management system; 21-a microcontroller; 211-fusing current; 212-a notification signal; 22-a temperature sensor; 30-a power supply loop; 31-a first switch; 32-a second switch; 331-main battery power; 332-an external power source; 333-battery backup power; 50-automatic fire protection system.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a top perspective view of an embodiment of a battery module of the present utility model and a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of a circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery of the present utility model are shown. As shown in fig. 1, the battery module 100 of the present utility model includes a metal housing 11, a plurality of battery cells 12, a battery holder 13, and a system circuit board (e.g., printed Circuit Board Assembly, PCBA) 14.
The battery cells 12 are accommodated and fixed in the battery holder 13 while being spaced apart from each other. Furthermore, the circuit board 14 and the battery holder 13 containing the battery 12 are disposed inside the metal housing 11, so as to protect the battery 12 and the circuit board 14 through the metal housing 11.
The two sides of the metal shell 11 are respectively provided with an air inlet 151 and an air outlet 152. The fan group 16 may be disposed at the air inlet 151 or the air outlet 152. The battery holder 13 is disposed between the air inlet 151 and the air outlet 152, and is configured to blow air through the air inlet 151 or draw air through the air outlet 152 by the fan set 16, so that air can circulate inside the metal housing 11.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the battery module 100 further includes a battery management system 20 and a microcontroller 21 disposed on the circuit board 14. In the present utility model, the microcontroller 21 is an internal chip of the battery management system 20 or a chip independent of the battery management system 20. The microcontroller 21 is connected to the battery 12 and the fan set 16. When the battery module 100 is in use, the microcontroller 21 is operated in an operation mode, and the battery management system 20 controls charge and discharge of the battery cells 12 through the microcontroller 21, for example: the battery 12 is controlled to be charged or discharged by switching on or off a power input/output switch of the battery 12, and the fan group 16 is controlled to be normally rotated at a predetermined rotation speed by the microcontroller 21. When the battery module 100 is not in use (e.g., during transportation or storage of the battery module 100), the battery management system 20 cuts off its own system power to shut down the battery module, so that the microcontroller 21 is in a shutdown mode, and the microcontroller 21 stops controlling the charge and discharge of the battery cells 12 and stops controlling the fan set 16 to rotate.
Then, if the battery cells 12 are thermally out of control during the period when the battery module 100 is not in use, the pressure inside the sealed metal casing 11 will rise instantaneously due to the thermally out of control battery cells 12, so as to generate a hot wind pressure 101 inside the metal casing 11, and the fan set 16 will be driven to rotate by the hot wind pressure 101. After the fan set 16 is driven by the wind pressure 101 to rotate, the rotating fan set 16 generates an induced electromotive force to output the start power 160 to the microcontroller 21 through the diode 161. When the start-up power supply 160 exceeds the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller 21, the microcontroller 21 will be started. The microcontroller 21 after being started will determine whether the battery cell 12 is thermally out of control by sensing the temperature of the battery cell 12 by the temperature sensor 22. Furthermore, the detailed structure of the fan set 16, how the fan set 16 generates induced electromotive force when rotating, which is a disclosed technology, such as chinese patent No. CN201209574Y, taiwan patent No. I773456B, etc., will not be described in detail herein.
Specifically, the battery module 100 further includes a power supply circuit 30. The power supply circuit 30 includes a first switch 31, a second switch 32, a main battery power source 331, an external power source 332, and a standby battery power source 333. The microcontroller 21 is arranged in the power supply circuit 30. The first switch 31 has a first terminal connected to the main battery power source 331, the external power source 332, or the backup battery power source 333, a control terminal connected to the microcontroller 21, and a second terminal connected to the microcontroller 21. The first end of the second switch 32 is connected to the second end of the first switch 31, the control end is connected to the microcontroller 21, and the second end is connected to the fan set 16. The main battery power source 331 is the power provided by the battery cells 12. The external power source 332 is an external input independent power source. The battery backup power source 333 is power supplied from a separate battery component within the battery module 100.
When the battery module 100 is in use, the microcontroller 21 is operated in the operation mode and controls the first switch 31 and the second switch 32 to be turned on, and the power supply 330 provided by the main battery power 331 or the external power 332 is respectively supplied to the battery management system 20 and the fan set 16 through the first switch 31 and the second switch 32.
When the battery module 100 is not in use, the battery management system 20 will shut down its own system power supply and shut down. Before the system power is turned off, the battery management system 20 requests the microcontroller 21 to turn off the first switch 31 and the second switch 32, and the main battery power 331 or the external power 332 stops supplying power to the battery management system 20 and the fan set 16, so that the microcontroller 21 enters a shutdown mode. Then, if the battery module 100 is not in use, the battery core 12 is thermally out of control, and the thermal wind pressure 101 is generated in the metal housing 11 due to the thermal out of control of the battery core 12, and the thermal wind pressure 101 drives the fan set 16 to rotate. The fan set 16 driven to rotate by the hot wind pressure 101 generates an induced electromotive force to output the start-up power 160 to the microcontroller 21. When the voltage of the start-up power supply 160 exceeds the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller 21 (e.g., 1.8V), the microcontroller 21 will be restarted. After the microcontroller 21 is restarted, the first switch 31 is controlled to be turned on, so that the power supply 330 provided by the standby battery power 333 or the main battery power 331 can supply power to the microcontroller 21. After receiving the backup battery power 333 or the main battery power 331, the microcontroller 21 can determine whether the battery cell 12 is thermally out of control by stably sensing the temperature of the battery cell 12 by the temperature sensor 22. For example: when the microcontroller 21 senses that the temperature of the battery cell 12 is higher than the threshold value through the temperature sensor 22, the microcontroller will know that the battery cell 12 has thermally run away; alternatively, when the microcontroller 21 senses that the temperature of the battery cell 12 is below the threshold value through the temperature sensor 22, it will be known that the battery cell 12 is not thermally out of control.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, if the microcontroller 21 knows that the battery core 12 has been thermally out of control through the temperature sensor 22, the microcontroller 21 enters the thermal out of control processing mode, and the microcontroller 21 further controls the second switch 32 to be turned on, so that the power supply 330 provided by the standby battery 333 or the main battery 331 can supply power to the fan set 16. Then, the fan group 16 is restarted according to the power supply of the power supply 330, and the microcontroller 21 controls the fan group 16 to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed or a high rotation speed to rapidly take out the high-temperature heat inside the metal case 11.
Further, the battery 12 is connected to the power input/output port 122 via a fuse 121. In yet another embodiment of the present utility model, if the microcontroller 21 knows that the battery core 12 has been thermally out of control through the temperature sensor 22, the microcontroller 21 enters a thermal out of control processing mode. The microcontroller 21 outputs a fusing current 211 to the fuse 121 to fuse the fuse 121, so that the battery 12 cannot be charged or discharged through the power input/output port 122.
Still alternatively, microcontroller 21 is coupled to automatic fire protection system 50. In yet another embodiment of the present utility model, if the microcontroller 21 knows that the battery 12 has been thermally out of control through the temperature sensor 22, the microcontroller 21 enters the thermal out of control processing mode and sends a notification signal 212 to the automatic fire protection system 50 to notify the automatic fire protection system 50 of the thermal out of control of the battery 12. Then, after receiving the notification signal 212, the automatic fire protection system 50 will sound an alarm in a sound, flashing or text display mode, and perform a thermal runaway cooling treatment on the battery cells 12 of the battery module 100 in an isaker water or gas burst mode.
In still another embodiment of the present utility model, if the microcontroller 21 knows that the battery cell 12 has been thermally out-controlled by the temperature sensor 22, the microcontroller 21 enters the thermal-runaway processing mode and notifies an external central control system of the thermal runaway, so that a monitor of the central control system can know that the thermal runaway condition of the battery module 100 has occurred.
Referring to fig. 3, a flow chart of a method for detecting thermal runaway of a battery according to the present utility model is shown. Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, first, in step S61, when the battery module 100 is not in use, the microcontroller 21 turns off the first switch 31 and the second switch 32, the main battery power source 331 or the external power source 332 stops supplying power to the battery management system 20 and the fan set 16, the battery management system 20 cuts off its own system power source, and the microcontroller 21 enters the shutdown mode from the operation mode.
Then, in step S62, if the battery cells 12 of the battery module 100 are out of control during the non-use period of the battery module 100, the hot wind pressure 101 is generated inside the metal housing 11, and the hot wind pressure 101 drives the fan set 16 to rotate. In step S63, after the fan set 16 is driven to rotate by the wind pressure 101, the rotating fan set 16 generates an induced electromotive force to output the start-up power 160.
Step S64, the start power supply 160 is output to the microcontroller 21; when the start-up power supply 160 exceeds the minimum start-up voltage of the microcontroller 21, the microcontroller 21 will be restarted; after the microcontroller 21 is restarted, the first switch 31 is controlled to be turned on so that the power supply 330 provided by the standby battery power 333 or the main battery power 331 can supply power to the microcontroller 21.
In step S65, the restarted microcontroller 21 senses the temperature of the battery cell 12 through the temperature sensor 22 to determine whether the battery cell 12 is thermally out of control. If the battery 12 is sensed to be out of control, the micro-controller 21 enters a thermal runaway processing mode, and the micro-controller 21 will initiate an emergency strain measure for the thermal runaway, thereby reducing the damage caused by the thermal runaway of the battery 12.
The foregoing description is only one embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, i.e., the equivalents and modifications of the shape, construction, characteristics and spirit of the utility model as defined in the claims should be construed as being included in the scope of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. A circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery, which is applied to a battery module and is disposed inside the battery module, wherein the battery module comprises at least one battery core, and the circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery comprises:
a microcontroller that operates in a shutdown mode when the battery module is not in use;
the temperature sensor is connected with the microcontroller and the battery core, and the microcontroller senses the temperature of the battery core through the temperature sensor; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
The fan group is connected with the microcontroller, and when the fan group is driven by wind pressure to rotate, the rotating fan group generates induced electromotive force to output a starting power supply to the microcontroller so as to restart the microcontroller; and after restarting, the microcontroller senses the temperature of the battery cell through the temperature sensor to judge whether the battery cell is out of control.
2. A circuit for detecting thermal runaway in a battery as defined in claim 1, further comprising a power supply loop, said power supply loop comprising a first switch, a second switch, a main battery power supply, an external power supply, and a backup battery power supply, said first switch having a first end connected to said main battery power supply or said external power supply, a control end connected to said microcontroller, and a second end connected to said microcontroller; the first end of the second switch is connected with the second end of the first switch, the control end of the second switch is connected with the microcontroller, and the second end of the second switch is connected with the fan set; when the battery module is used, the microcontroller operates in an operation mode and controls the first switch and the second switch to be conducted, and the power supply provided by the main battery power supply or the external power supply is respectively supplied to the microcontroller and the fan set through the first switch and the second switch; when the battery module is not in use, the microcontroller operates in the shutdown mode, and the microcontroller controls the first switch and the second switch to be disconnected before entering the shutdown mode from the operation mode, and the main battery power supply or the external power supply stops supplying power to the microcontroller and the fan set.
3. The circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery of claim 2, wherein said microcontroller controls said first switch to conduct after said microcontroller is restarted by said start-up power supply, and wherein said power supply provided by said backup battery power supply or said main battery power supply is supplied to said microcontroller through said first switch.
4. A circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery as defined in claim 3, wherein when said microcontroller determines that said battery cell has thermal runaway by sensing the temperature of said battery cell by said temperature sensor, said microcontroller controls said second switch to be turned on, said power supply supplied from said backup battery power supply or said main battery power supply is supplied to said fan group through said second switch, said fan group is started by said power supply, and said microcontroller controls the started fan group to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed or a high rotation speed.
5. A circuit for detecting thermal runaway in a battery as in claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is to be restarted when said start-up power source exceeds a minimum start-up voltage of said microcontroller.
6. The circuit for detecting thermal runaway of a battery of claim 1, wherein a fuse is provided between the battery cell and the power input/output port, and the microcontroller outputs a fusing current to the fuse to blow the fuse when the microcontroller determines that the battery cell has thermal runaway according to the temperature of the battery cell sensed by the temperature sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222671400.8U CN218957828U (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Circuit for detecting thermal runaway of battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222671400.8U CN218957828U (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Circuit for detecting thermal runaway of battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218957828U true CN218957828U (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222671400.8U Active CN218957828U (en) | 2022-10-11 | 2022-10-11 | Circuit for detecting thermal runaway of battery |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218957828U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-10-11 CN CN202222671400.8U patent/CN218957828U/en active Active
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