CN218957283U - Hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching appliances, and discloses a hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device. The hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device comprises a base, a demonstration disc, a circulation assembly and an adjusting assembly, wherein the base is provided with a containing groove for containing a fluid medium; the demonstration disc is arranged in the accommodating groove, the density of the demonstration disc is greater than that of the fluid medium, and the demonstration disc is provided with a central hole; the circulating assembly comprises a water pump, a conveying pipeline, a corrugated pipe and a spray head, wherein the water pump is used for sucking fluid media in the accommodating groove into the conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is connected with the spray head through the corrugated pipe, and the spray head is positioned above the demonstration disc; the adjusting component is used for adjusting the position of the spray head relative to the base so as to align the spray head with the central hole. The utility model is convenient for intuitively and clearly observing the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon and the stable floating phenomenon of the demonstration disc under the hydraulic jump effect, has good experimental demonstration effect, and has the advantages of resource saving and environmental protection due to the self-circulation design of the fluid.

Description

Hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching appliances, in particular to a hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device.

Background

When a smooth stream of water falls vertically to the horizontal plane, it spreads radially into a thin layer, creating a circular hydraulic jump with an inner water level lower than the outer water level. When this water flow acts on a metal disc with a central small hole (or concave or non-porous) of a density greater than that of the water, the disc, which should have settled in the water, may float on the water surface. The physical nature of the circular hydraulic jump provides a pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the disc, so that the disc can float on the water surface. This is a very interesting and very interesting hydrodynamic phenomenon, but stable observations of this experimental phenomenon are not easy. Because the water jet continuously acts on the disc and flows into the water body below the disc, the water level of the disc is increased continuously and overflows from the container, so that a stable circular hydraulic jump phenomenon cannot be observed continuously or stable floating of the disc is realized, inconvenience is caused for experimental observation, and resource waste is caused.

Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental device that can enable an observer to continuously observe a stable circular hydraulic phenomenon and realize stable floating of the disk, and to understand the circular hydraulic phenomenon in fluid mechanics in depth and to explore the experimental rules and physical essence.

The current common practice for observing the circular hydraulic phenomenon is:

a certain amount of water is placed in the water tank or the water bucket, the water faucet is placed under the water faucet, the water faucet is opened, the small holes of the metal disc are aligned with the water flow direction and are released on the water surface carefully, a certain probability can be observed that the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon occurs on the upper surface of the disc, and the metal disc floats on the water surface.

This solution has the following disadvantages:

1. the device is too crude, the flow and the flow value of the read water flow cannot be accurately controlled, and the success rate of obtaining the experimental phenomenon of stable floating of the disc is not high;

2. the water level cannot be kept constant, the water level can be always increased and even overflows from the water tank due to the fact that the water flow continuously flows into the water tank, so that the balance condition of the disc is changed, the water jump phenomenon and the disc floating phenomenon can be observed only briefly, and the experiment is difficult to control variables, so that the experimental effect is influenced, and if the device is used for experimental teaching, the due teaching effect is more difficult to achieve;

3. the water flow overflow increases the cost of experimental observation and the water resource waste;

4. the tap is difficult to guarantee that the water jet is strictly perpendicular to the disc surface, and the tap structure leads to the water jet to carry more air, and rivers dispersibility is great, can cause more serious interference to circular hydraulic jump phenomenon, leads to the experiment success rate lower.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems, the utility model aims to provide the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, which can enable the demonstration disc to continuously keep a stable floating state, is convenient for intuitively and clearly observing the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon and the stable floating phenomenon of the demonstration disc under the hydraulic jump effect, has good experimental demonstration effect, and also has the advantages of resource conservation and environmental protection due to the self-circulation design of fluid.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a hydraulic jump phenomenon presentation device, comprising:

the base is provided with a containing groove for containing a fluid medium;

the demonstration disc is arranged in the accommodating groove, the density of the demonstration disc is greater than that of the fluid medium, and the demonstration disc is provided with a central hole;

the circulating assembly comprises a water pump, a conveying pipeline, a corrugated pipe and a spray head, wherein the water pump is used for sucking the fluid medium in the accommodating groove into the conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is connected with the spray head through the corrugated pipe, and the spray head is positioned above the demonstration disc;

and the adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the position of the spray head relative to the base so as to align the spray head with the central hole.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the adjusting component comprises a first sliding seat, a second sliding seat and a third sliding seat, wherein the first sliding seat is arranged on the base in a sliding manner along the X direction, the second sliding seat is arranged on the first sliding seat in a sliding manner along the Y direction, the third sliding seat is arranged on the second sliding seat in a sliding manner along the Z direction, and the third sliding seat is connected with the spray head.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the adjusting assembly further comprises a first knob, a second knob and a third knob, wherein the first knob is used for adjusting the X-direction position of the first sliding seat on the base, the second knob is used for adjusting the Y-direction position of the second sliding seat on the first sliding seat, and the third knob is used for adjusting the Z-direction position of the third sliding seat on the second sliding seat.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the adjusting assembly further comprises a fourth sliding seat and a fourth knob, a first guide rod is arranged on the first sliding seat, the fourth sliding seat is arranged on the first guide rod in a sliding mode along the Z direction, and the fourth knob is used for adjusting the Z-direction position of the fourth sliding seat on the first guide rod.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the base is provided with the fixed support, and the conveying pipeline is connected with the fixed support.

As an alternative to the hydraulic jump demonstrating device of the present utility model, the circulation assembly further includes an adjusting knob for adjusting the flow rate of the pump.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the accommodating groove is internally provided with scale marks.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the distance between the spray head and the demonstration disc is 10cm-20cm.

As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, the circulation assembly further comprises a magnetic suction head, wherein the magnetic suction head is adsorbed on the spray head, and the magnetic suction head is provided with an outflow hole communicated with the spray head.

As an alternative to the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device of the present utility model, the circulation assembly further comprises a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the spray head.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

according to the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device provided by the utility model, the spray head is connected with the conveying pipeline through the corrugated pipe, the position of the spray head relative to the base is regulated through the regulating component, so that the spray head is aligned to the central hole, the density of the demonstration disk is higher than that of the fluid medium, when the fluid medium sprayed out of the spray head passes through the central hole, the demonstration disk floats and the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon can be generated, and the fluid medium in the accommodating groove can be continuously conveyed to the spray head through the conveying pipeline and the corrugated pipe by the water suction pump, so that the demonstration disk can continuously maintain a stable floating state, the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon and the stable floating phenomenon of the demonstration disk under the hydraulic jump effect can be conveniently and intuitively observed, the experimental demonstration effect is good, and the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device has the advantages of resource conservation and environmental friendliness due to the self-circulation design of the fluid.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present utility model and these drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a hydraulic jump demonstrating device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a hydraulic jump demonstrating device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic tip in a hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure:

1. a base; 2. a demonstration disc; 3. a circulation assembly; 4. an adjustment assembly;

11. a receiving groove; 12. a fixed bracket; 13. scale marks;

21. a central bore;

31. a water pump; 32. a delivery line; 33. a bellows; 34. a spray head; 35. an adjustment knob; 36. a magnetic tip; 361. an outflow hole; 37. a flow meter;

41. a second slider; 42. a third slider; 43. a third knob; 44. a first guide bar; 45. a fourth slider; 46. a fourth knob; 47. a second guide bar; 48. and a third guide bar.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present utility model, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixed or removable, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device, which includes a base 1, a demonstration disc 2, a circulation assembly 3 and an adjustment assembly 4, the base 1 is provided with a receiving groove 11, and the receiving groove 11 is used for receiving a fluid medium. The demonstration disc 2 is arranged in the accommodating groove 11, the density of the demonstration disc 2 is larger than that of the fluid medium, and the demonstration disc 2 is provided with a central hole 21. The circulation assembly 3 comprises a water pump 31, a delivery pipeline 32, a corrugated pipe 33 and a spray head 34, wherein the water pump 31 is used for sucking the fluid medium in the accommodating groove 11 into the delivery pipeline 32, the delivery pipeline 32 is connected with the spray head 34 through the corrugated pipe 33, and the spray head 34 is positioned above the demonstration disc 2. The adjustment assembly 4 is used to adjust the position of the spray head 34 relative to the base 1 so that the spray head 34 is aligned with the central aperture 21.

The spray head 34 is connected with the conveying pipeline 32 through the corrugated pipe 33, the position of the spray head 34 relative to the base 1 is regulated through the regulating component 4, the spray head 34 is aligned to the central hole 21, the density of the demonstration disk 2 is higher than that of the fluid medium, when the fluid medium sprayed out of the spray head 34 passes through the central hole 21, the phenomenon of floating and circular water jump of the demonstration disk 2 can be generated, and the fluid medium in the accommodating groove 11 can be continuously conveyed to the spray head 34 through the conveying pipeline 32 and the corrugated pipe 33 by the water pump 31, so that the demonstration disk 2 can continuously keep a stable floating state, the circular water jump phenomenon and the stable floating phenomenon of the demonstration disk 2 under the water jump effect can be observed intuitively and clearly, the experimental demonstration effect is good, and the self-circulation design of the fluid also has the advantages of saving resources and being green and environment-friendly.

To facilitate adjusting the position of the spray head 34 relative to the base 1 in three dimensions, the adjustment assembly 4 optionally includes a first slide, a second slide 41 and a third slide 42, the first slide is slidably disposed on the base 1 along the X-direction, the second slide 41 is slidably disposed on the first slide along the Y-direction, the third slide 42 is slidably disposed on the second slide 41 along the Z-direction, and the third slide 42 is connected to the spray head 34. It is understood that the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other, the X direction and the Y direction may be two perpendicular directions on a horizontal plane, and the Z direction may be a height direction.

To facilitate manual adjustment of the position of the spray head 34 relative to the base 1 by a user, the adjustment assembly 4 optionally further comprises a first knob for adjusting the X-direction position of the first carriage on the base 1, a second knob for adjusting the Y-direction position of the second carriage 41 on the first carriage, and a third knob 43 for adjusting the Z-direction position of the third carriage 42 on the second carriage 41.

To facilitate the substantial adjustment of the Z-position of the spray head 34, the adjustment assembly 4 optionally further includes a fourth slide 45 and a fourth knob 46, the first slide is provided with a first guide rod 44, the fourth slide 45 slides along the Z-direction and is provided on the first guide rod 44, and the fourth knob 46 is used for adjusting the Z-position of the fourth slide 45 on the first guide rod 44. The fourth knob 46 may be screwed onto the fourth slider 45, and screwing the fourth knob 46 can make the fourth knob 46 abut against the first guide rod 44.

The second slide seat 41 can be provided with a second guide rod 47, the second guide rod 47 is arranged on the fourth slide seat 45 in a penetrating way, and the second knob can lock the second guide rod 47 and the fourth slide seat 45. The second knob may be screwed onto the fourth slider 45, and screwed to enable the second knob to abut against the second guide rod 47. The second guide bars 47 may be arranged two in parallel to prevent the second carriage 41 from rotating relative to the fourth carriage 45.

The second slide 41 may be provided with a third guide rod 48, the third slide 42 is disposed on the third guide rod 48 in a penetrating manner, and the third knob 43 can lock the third slide 42 and the third guide rod 48. The third knob 43 may be screwed onto the third slider 42, and screwing the third knob 43 can make the third knob 43 abut against the third guide rod 48. It should be noted that, the slidable distance of the third slider 42 on the third guide bar 48 is smaller than the slidable distance of the fourth slider 45 on the first guide bar 44, so that the combination of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment is achieved.

Optionally, the base 1 is provided with a fixing bracket 12, and the conveying pipeline 32 is connected with the fixing bracket 12. The fixing support 12 may be provided with a clamping groove, and a part of the pipe body of the conveying pipeline 32 is clamped in the clamping groove. The conveying pipeline 32 can be a multi-section pipe body, so that other components are avoided as much as possible, and an operation space is reserved for a user. The material of the conveying pipeline 32 can be 304 stainless steel, so that the conveying pipeline 32 has 90-degree radian at a proper position for ensuring that fluid is smooth and jet flow is strictly vertical to realize a better experimental effect. To prevent water leakage, the two ends of the delivery pipe 32 are respectively provided with sealing joints, which can be adhered to the outflow end of the water pump 31 and the inflow end of the nozzle 34 by waterproof sealant. The sealing joint can be made of polyvinyl chloride resin, or other materials, such as alloy and stainless steel, but not limited thereto.

Optionally, the circulation assembly 3 further comprises an adjustment knob 35, the adjustment knob 35 being used to adjust the flow of the suction pump 31. The adjusting knob 35 may control the rotational speed of the water pump 31 through an electronic control system, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the water pump 31.

In order to facilitate observation of some experimental data of the circular hydraulic phenomenon, graduation marks 13 are optionally provided in the accommodation groove 11. The graduation marks 13 may be a plurality of marking lines arranged in the height direction for measuring the liquid level in the accommodating groove 11.

Alternatively, the spray head 34 may be spaced from the presentation tray 2 by a distance of 10cm to 20cm. The distance between the spray head 34 and the demonstration tray 2 cannot be too large, otherwise, too much air is entrained in the jet flow sprayed by the spray head 34, a large amount of bubbles are generated when the jet flow enters the liquid level of the accommodating groove 11, the floating of the demonstration tray 2 is influenced, and the floating phenomenon or the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon of the demonstration tray 2 is difficult to observe.

To facilitate detection of some experimental data of the circular hydraulic jump, the circulation assembly 3 optionally further comprises a flow meter 37, the flow meter 37 being used to measure the flow of the spray head 34. Optionally, the circulation assembly 3 further comprises a magnetic tip 36, the magnetic tip 36 being attached to the spray head 34, the magnetic tip 36 being provided with an outflow hole 361 communicating with the spray head 34. The outflow hole 361 is a cylindrical hole, and the inner diameter of the outflow hole 361 may be 10mm-20mm. The magnetic suction heads 36 of the outflow holes 361 with different inner diameters are replaced, so that the experimental requirements of different data are met, and the method is rapid and convenient. The magnetic tip 36 may be tapered to facilitate installation. The spray head 34 may be made of 410 stainless steel, and the demonstration disc 2 may be a circular aluminum disc.

The base 1 can be made of acrylic transparent material, or other transparent materials, such as glass, polyethylene plastic, etc. The accommodating groove 11 may be square, and the accommodating groove 11 may be other shapes, such as a circle, rectangle, triangle, etc. However, it is necessary to ensure that the accommodating groove 11 is large enough to be larger than the size of the demonstration tray 2, and that the water pump 31 is placed at a distance from the demonstration tray 2 (at least a distance of the diameter of the demonstration tray 2), so that the turbulence generated by the self-circulating fluid in the accommodating groove 11 will not cause excessive influence on the floating and circular water jump phenomenon of the demonstration tray 2 when the water pump 31 is operated. The fluid medium may be water, and the material of the demonstration disc 2 may be any material having a density higher than that of the fluid medium, such as a metal material of stainless steel, aluminum, gold, silver, copper, alloy, or a nonmetal material of acrylic, so long as the density is higher than that of the selected fluid medium. The diameter of the demonstration disc 2 can be 10cm-30cm, and the diameter of the central hole 21 of the demonstration disc 2 can be 5.0mm. The fluid flow rate of the water pump 31 is selected to be within a range of 100L/h to 1000L/h, which is a preferred range available in the laboratory and measurable by the flowmeter 37, according to different devices and different experimental conditions.

According to the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device provided by the embodiment, the spray head 34 is connected with the conveying pipeline 32 through the corrugated pipe 33, the position of the spray head 34 relative to the base 1 is regulated through the regulating component 4, the spray head 34 is aligned to the central hole 21, the density of the demonstration disk 2 is higher than that of the fluid medium, when the fluid medium sprayed by the spray head 34 passes through the central hole 21, the demonstration disk 2 floats and the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon can be generated, and the fluid medium in the accommodating groove 11 can be continuously conveyed to the spray head 34 through the conveying pipeline 32 and the corrugated pipe 33 by the water pump 31, so that the demonstration disk 2 can continuously keep a stable floating state, the circular hydraulic jump phenomenon and the stable floating phenomenon of the demonstration disk 2 under the hydraulic jump effect can be conveniently and intuitively observed, a good experimental demonstration effect is achieved, and the hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device has the advantages of saving resources and being green and environment-friendly due to the self-circulation design of the fluid.

Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, while the utility model has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the utility model is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic jump phenomenon presentation device which characterized in that includes:

a base (1), the base (1) being provided with a receiving groove (11), the receiving groove (11) being for receiving a fluid medium;

the demonstration disc (2) is arranged in the accommodating groove (11), the density of the demonstration disc (2) is greater than that of the fluid medium, and the demonstration disc (2) is provided with a central hole (21);

the circulating assembly (3) comprises a water suction pump (31), a conveying pipeline (32), a corrugated pipe (33) and a spray head (34), wherein the water suction pump (31) is used for sucking the fluid medium in the accommodating groove (11) into the conveying pipeline (32), the conveying pipeline (32) is connected with the spray head (34) through the corrugated pipe (33), and the spray head (34) is positioned above the demonstration disc (2);

an adjustment assembly (4) for adjusting the position of the spray head (34) relative to the base (1) so that the spray head (34) is aligned with the central aperture (21).

2. The hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly (4) comprises a first sliding seat, a second sliding seat (41) and a third sliding seat (42), the first sliding seat is arranged on the base (1) in a sliding manner along the X direction, the second sliding seat (41) is arranged on the first sliding seat in a sliding manner along the Y direction, the third sliding seat (42) is arranged on the second sliding seat (41) in a sliding manner along the Z direction, and the third sliding seat (42) is connected with the spray head (34).

3. The hydraulic jump phenomenon presentation device according to claim 2, wherein the adjustment assembly (4) further comprises a first knob for adjusting the X-direction position of the first slide on the base (1), a second knob for adjusting the Y-direction position of the second slide (41) on the first slide, and a third knob (43) for adjusting the Z-direction position of the third slide (42) on the second slide (41).

4. A hydraulic jump demonstration device according to claim 3, characterized in that the adjusting assembly (4) further comprises a fourth slide (45) and a fourth knob (46), the first slide is provided with a first guide rod (44), the fourth slide (45) is slidably arranged on the first guide rod (44) along the Z direction, and the fourth knob (46) is used for adjusting the Z direction position of the fourth slide (45) on the first guide rod (44).

5. The hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, wherein a fixed support (12) is arranged on the base (1), and the conveying pipeline (32) is connected with the fixed support (12).

6. The hydraulic jump demonstration device according to claim 1, wherein the circulation assembly (3) further comprises an adjustment knob (35), the adjustment knob (35) being adapted to adjust the flow of the suction pump (31).

7. The hydraulic jump phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, wherein graduation marks (13) are arranged in the accommodating groove (11).

8. The device for demonstrating the hydraulic jump phenomenon according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the spray head (34) and the demonstrating disc (2) is 10cm-20cm.

9. The hydraulic jump phenomenon presentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulation assembly (3) further comprises a magnetic suction head (36), the magnetic suction head (36) being adsorbed on the spray head (34), the magnetic suction head (36) being provided with an outflow hole (361) communicating with the spray head (34).

10. The hydraulic jump phenomenon presentation device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the circulation assembly (3) further comprises a flow meter (37), the flow meter (37) being adapted to measure the flow of the spray head (34).

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