CN218940683U

CN218940683U - Interface circuit and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN218940683U
Application number: CN202223154907.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卜彦斌
Original assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-25
Filing date: 2022-11-25
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-25

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an interface circuit and an electronic device. The interface circuit comprises an interface unit, a switching unit and a filtering unit; the interface unit is used for being electrically connected with a first direct current power supply; the first direct current power supply refers to external charging equipment; the switching unit is respectively and electrically connected with the interface unit, the filtering unit and the second direct current power supply and is used for switching the power supply paths of the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply; the second direct current power supply is a charging chip in the electronic equipment; the filtering unit is respectively and electrically connected with the switching unit and a load in the electronic equipment and is used for filtering out ripples of electric energy supplied to the load. The switching unit can be made of independent devices, a micro controller MCU is not required to be arranged, and design difficulty and design cost can be reduced.

Description

Interface circuit and electronic device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of power technologies, and in particular, to an interface circuit and an electronic device.

Background

The USB Type-c interface is rapidly popularized in electronic equipment because of supporting forward plug and reverse plug and strong power supply capability. When the Type-c interface is used by using the charging interface, the electronic equipment and the charging equipment (namely wall charging) are internally provided with corresponding charging chips and protocol chips, protocol communication is carried out by using the protocol chips, and charging is carried out by using the charging chips. When the USB Type-c interface supports high power supply (i.e., USB-PD supply) and low power supply (i.e., standard current of USB protocol supply), a Microcontroller (MCU) with low power consumption needs to be provided to implement power path switching and control. However, adding a microcontroller increases the design difficulty and increases the design cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure provides an interface circuit and an electronic device to solve the deficiencies of the related art.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an interface circuit including an interface unit, a switching unit, and a filtering unit;

the interface unit is used for being electrically connected with a first direct current power supply; the first direct current power supply refers to external charging equipment;

the switching unit is respectively and electrically connected with the interface unit, the filtering unit and the second direct current power supply and is used for switching the power supply paths of the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply; the second direct current power supply is a charging chip in the electronic equipment;

the filtering unit is respectively and electrically connected with the switching unit and a load in the electronic equipment and is used for filtering out ripples of electric energy supplied to the load.

Optionally, the switching unit includes a pull-up resistor, a pull-down resistor and a first switching device;

the first end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the second direct current power supply, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the pull-down resistor; the second end of the pull-down resistor is grounded;

the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the first end of the pull-down resistor, the second end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the interface unit, and the third end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the filtering unit.

Optionally, the resistance values of the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor are 10K-100K ohms.

Optionally, the first switching device is implemented as a PMOS transistor.

Optionally, a protection unit is further included; the protection unit is respectively and electrically connected with the switching unit and the filtering unit and is used for absorbing surge power from the first direct current power supply or the second direct current power supply.

Optionally, the protection unit includes a protection diode, a first TVS diode, a second TVS diode, and a safety device;

the anode of the protection diode is electrically connected with the second direct current power supply, and the cathode of the protection diode is electrically connected with the switching unit; the cathode of the first TVS diode is electrically connected with the switching unit, and the anode of the first TVS diode is grounded; the first end of the safety device is electrically connected with the cathode of the first TVS diode, and the second end of the safety device is electrically connected with the cathode of the second TVS diode; the anode of the second TVS diode is grounded.

Optionally, the safety device is a self-restoring fuse or a circuit breaker.

Optionally, the device further comprises a voltage stabilizing unit; the voltage stabilizing unit is respectively and electrically connected with the protecting unit and the filtering unit and is used for stabilizing the output voltage supplied to the load.

Optionally, the voltage stabilizing unit comprises a first voltage stabilizing capacitor and a second voltage stabilizing capacitor;

the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor is electrically connected with the protection unit, and the second end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded;

the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is electrically connected with the protection unit, and the second end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded.

According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device comprising an interface circuit as described in the first aspect.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can comprise the following beneficial effects:

the interface circuit provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises an interface unit, a switching unit and a filtering unit; the interface unit is used for being electrically connected with a first direct current power supply; the first direct current power supply refers to external charging equipment; the switching unit is respectively and electrically connected with the interface unit, the filtering unit and the second direct current power supply and is used for switching the power supply paths of the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply; the second direct current power supply is a charging chip in the electronic equipment; the filtering unit is respectively and electrically connected with the switching unit and a load in the electronic equipment and is used for filtering out ripples of electric energy supplied to the load. Therefore, the switching unit can be made of independent devices, a microcontroller MCU is not required to be arranged, and design difficulty and design cost can be reduced.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an interface circuit, according to an example embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of another interface circuit shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a protection unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of another interface circuit shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a voltage stabilizing unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device, according to an example embodiment.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described by way of example below are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with some aspects of the disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims. The features of the following examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without any conflict.

In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the disclosure provides an interface circuit and an electronic device. Fig. 1 is an interface circuit, shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment, that may be adapted for use with an electronic device including USB-PD power functionality, which may include, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a tablet device, a medical device, an exercise device, a personal digital assistant, an AR device (e.g., AR glasses), etc., through which a voltage of 5V, 9V, 15V, 20V, 28V, 36V, or 48V is transmitted.

Referring to fig. 1, the interface circuit includes: an interface unit 11, a switching unit 12 and a filtering unit 13. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the interface unit 11 is used for being electrically connected with the first direct current power supply 10;

the switching unit 12 is electrically connected with the interface unit 11, the filtering unit 13 and the second direct current power supply 14, and is used for switching the power supply paths of the first direct current power supply 10 and the second direct current power supply 14;

the filtering unit 13 is electrically connected to the switching unit 12 and the load 15 in the electronic device, respectively, for filtering out ripples of the electrical energy supplied to the load 15.

In one embodiment, the interface unit 11 includes a plurality of pins and a filter capacitor. The plurality of pins are electrically connected with pins in the interface circuit; the filter capacitor is used for filtering ripple waves of the input power supply. In one example, the filter capacitance has a capacitance value of 10 micro-farads (uF).

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the switching unit 12 includes a pull-up resistor R1, a pull-down resistor R2, and a first switching device Q1. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the first end of the pull-up resistor R1 is electrically connected with the second direct current power supply 14, and the second end of the pull-up resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the pull-down resistor R2; the second end of the pull-down resistor R2 is grounded;

a first end of the first switching device Q1 is electrically connected to a first end of the pull-down resistor R2, a second end of the first switching device Q1 is electrically connected to the interface unit 11, and a third end of the first switching device Q1 is electrically connected to the filter unit 13.

In one embodiment, the resistance values of pull-up resistor R1 and pull-down resistor R2 are between 10K and 100K ohms. In an example, the resistance values of the pull-up resistor R1 and the pull-down resistor R2 are 10K ohms, which may be selected according to a specific scenario, and are not limited herein.

Considering that the first switching device Q1 switches power and transmits electric energy, the first switching device Q1 in this embodiment is implemented by a PMOS transistor. In an example, when the first dc power source 10 and the second dc power source 14 are present at the same time, the second dc power source 14 is preferably used, so as to improve charging efficiency.

In the present embodiment, the switching unit 12 operates on the principle that:

when the second dc power supply 14 works, the VBUS terminal is at a high level, the first terminal of the first switching device Q1 is at a high level, the first switching device Q1 is in an off state, and the second dc power supply 14 supplies power to the load 15 through the filtering unit 13. In other words, no matter whether the interface unit 11 is plugged into the first dc power supply 10, the load 15 cannot be supplied with power.

When the second dc power supply 14 is not in operation, the VBUS terminal is at a low level, the first terminal of the first switching device Q1 is at a low level, the first switching device Q1 is in a conductive state, and the first dc power supply 10 supplies power to the load 15 through the filtering unit 13. Alternatively, the load 15 is powered by the first dc power source 10 when the second dc power source 14 is not in operation.

In an embodiment, the interface circuit comprises a protection unit 16. Referring to fig. 3, the protection unit 16 is electrically connected to the switching unit 12 and the filtering unit 13, respectively, for absorbing surge power from the first direct current power source 10 or the second direct current power source 14.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the protection unit 16 includes a protection diode D1, a first TVS diode TVS1, a second TVS diode TVS2, and a fuse F1. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the anode of the protection diode D1 is electrically connected with the second direct current power supply 14, and the cathode of the protection diode D1 is electrically connected with the switching unit 12; the cathode of the first TVS diode TVS1 is electrically connected to the switching unit 12, and the anode of the first TVS diode TVS1 is grounded GND. The first end of the safety device F1 is electrically connected with the cathode of the first TVS diode TVS1, and the second end of the safety device F1 is electrically connected with the cathode of the second TVS diode TVS 2; the anode of the second TVS diode TVS2 is grounded.

The fuse F1 may be a self-restoring fuse or a circuit breaker. In one example, the fuse device F1 is a self-restoring fuse.

Thus, the protection unit 16 operates on the principle that:

when the surge power from the first dc power supply 10 passes through the protection diode D1, the protection diode D1 may prevent the surge power from entering the second dc power supply 14, thereby protecting the second dc power supply 14. When the surge power from the second dc power supply 14 passes through the protection diode D1, the subsequent first TVS diode TVS1, second TVS diode TVS2, and fuse F1 may be entered.

When the surge power from the first direct current power source 10 or the second direct current power source 14 passes through the first TVS diode TVS1, the first TVS diode TVS1 may absorb most of the surge power (especially, the surge voltage), so that less surge power reaches the fuse F1.

When the surge voltage from the first TVS diode TVS1, the fuse device F1 may absorb a portion of the surge power (especially the surge current) so that less surge power reaches the second TVS diode TVS2.

When the surge voltage from the fuse F1, the second TVS diode TVS2 may absorb all of the remaining surge power, thereby preventing the surge power from reaching the filter unit 13 and the load 15.

In an embodiment, the interface circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing unit 17. Referring to fig. 5, the voltage stabilizing unit 17 is electrically connected to the protecting unit 16 and the filtering unit 13, respectively, for stabilizing the output voltage supplied to the load 15.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the voltage stabilizing unit 17 includes a first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and a second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the first end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is electrically connected with the protection unit 16, and the second end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 is grounded;

the first end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the protection unit 16, and the second end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded.

In an embodiment, the capacitance values of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 may be 10 microfarads, which may be selected according to the specific scenario, and are not limited herein.

In an embodiment, the filtering unit 13 includes a capacitor C3, where the capacitance of the capacitor C3 is 100 nano-farads (nF), which can be selected according to a specific scenario, and is not limited herein.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device, according to an example embodiment. For example, electronic device 700 may be a smart phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a tablet device, a medical device, an exercise device, a personal digital assistant, an AR device (e.g., AR glasses), and the like.

Referring to fig. 7, an electronic device 700 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 702, a memory 704, a power component 706, a multimedia component 708, an audio component 710, an input/output (I/O) interface 712, a sensor component 714, a communication component 716, and an image acquisition component 718.

The processing component 702 generally controls overall operation of the electronic device 700, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations. The processing component 702 may include one or more processors 720 to execute computer programs. Further, the processing component 702 can include one or more modules that facilitate interaction between the processing component 702 and other components. For example, the processing component 702 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between the multimedia component 708 and the processing component 702.

The memory 704 is configured to store various types of data to support operations at the electronic device 700. Examples of such data include computer programs, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. for any application or method operating on the electronic device 700. The memory 704 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or nonvolatile memory devices such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disk.

The power supply component 706 provides power to the various components of the electronic device 700. Power supply components 706 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for electronic device 700. The power supply assembly 706 may include a power chip and the controller may communicate with the power chip to control the power chip to turn on or off the first switching device to power the motherboard circuit with or without the battery.

The multimedia component 708 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the electronic device 700 and the target object. In some embodiments, the screen may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input information from a target object. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may sense not only the boundary of a touch or sliding action, but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or sliding operation.

The audio component 710 is configured to output and/or input audio file information. For example, the audio component 710 includes a Microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio file information when the electronic device 700 is in an operational mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio file information may be further stored in the memory 704 or transmitted via the communication component 716. In some embodiments, audio component 710 further includes a speaker for outputting audio file information.

The I/O interface 712 provides an interface between the processing component 702 and peripheral interface modules, which may be a keyboard, click wheel, buttons, etc. The I/O interface 712 also includes interface circuitry as illustrated in fig. 1-6 for data transmission or power transmission. Taking power transmission as an example, the interface circuit may be a Type-c interface, and may transmit a voltage of 5V, 9V, 15V, 20V, 28V, 36V, or 48V to the electronic device.

The sensor assembly 714 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessment of various aspects of the electronic device 700. For example, the sensor assembly 714 may detect an on/off state of the electronic device 700, a relative positioning of the components, such as a display and keypad of the electronic device 700, a change in position of the electronic device 700 or one of the components, the presence or absence of a target object in contact with the electronic device 700, an orientation or acceleration/deceleration of the electronic device 700, and a change in temperature of the electronic device 700. In this example, the sensor assembly 714 can include a magnetic force sensor, a gyroscope, and a magnetic field sensor, wherein the magnetic field sensor includes at least one of: hall sensors, thin film magneto-resistive sensors, and magnetic liquid acceleration sensors.

The communication component 716 is configured to facilitate communication between the electronic device 700 and other devices, either wired or wireless. The electronic device 700 may access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi,2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, or a combination thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component 716 receives broadcast information or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component 716 further includes a Near Field Communication (NFC) module to facilitate short range communications. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 700 can be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), digital information processors (DSPs), digital information processing devices (DSPDs), programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic elements.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An interface circuit is characterized by comprising an interface unit, a switching unit and a filtering unit;

2. The interface circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching unit comprises a pull-up resistor, a pull-down resistor, and a first switching device;

3. The interface circuit of claim 2, wherein the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor have resistance values of 10K to 100K ohms.

4. The interface circuit of claim 2, wherein the first switching device is implemented as a PMOS transistor.

5. The interface circuit of claim 1, further comprising a protection unit; the protection unit is respectively and electrically connected with the switching unit and the filtering unit and is used for absorbing surge power from the first direct current power supply or the second direct current power supply.

6. The interface circuit of claim 5, wherein the protection unit comprises a protection diode, a first TVS diode, a second TVS diode, and a safety device;

7. The interface circuit of claim 6, wherein the fuse device is a self-healing fuse or a circuit breaker.

8. The interface circuit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising a voltage stabilizing unit; the voltage stabilizing unit is respectively and electrically connected with the protecting unit and the filtering unit and is used for stabilizing the output voltage supplied to the load.

9. The interface circuit of claim 8, wherein the voltage regulator unit comprises a first voltage regulator capacitor and a second voltage regulator capacitor;

10. An electronic device comprising an interface circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.