CN218917516U - Insulator electric field measuring device based on unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Insulator electric field measuring device based on unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN218917516U CN218917516U CN202222224910.0U CN202222224910U CN218917516U CN 218917516 U CN218917516 U CN 218917516U CN 202222224910 U CN202222224910 U CN 202222224910U CN 218917516 U CN218917516 U CN 218917516U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an insulator electric field measuring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, an onboard end and a ground end; the airborne terminal is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and comprises an optical electric field sensor, a laser range finder, an airborne electric field measuring module, a first wireless communication module and an airborne terminal processor; the optical electric field sensor is connected with the airborne electric field measurement module through an optical fiber; the airborne end processor is electrically connected with the laser range finder, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module respectively; the ground terminal comprises a second wireless communication module and a ground terminal processor; the second wireless communication module is in communication connection with the first wireless communication module, and the ground terminal processor acquires data acquired by the airborne terminal from the second wireless communication module for processing and displaying. The utility model can realize non-contact live detection on the overhead line insulator string, obtain the spatial electric field distribution of the insulator string, is beneficial to timely finding faults of operation and maintenance personnel of the power transmission line, and avoids damage to a power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric field measurement of insulators of power transmission lines, in particular relates to an insulator electric field measurement device and method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and particularly relates to a measurement device capable of measuring insulator space electric field distribution based on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
The insulator is an important component for mechanical support and electrical connection in the power transmission line, and once the body is deteriorated, serious faults such as broken strings, insulation failure and the like may be caused. The space electric field is distributed around the live operation insulator, and after the insulator is degraded, the local distortion of the space electric field around the insulator can occur relative to the normal state, so that the operation state of the insulator can be diagnosed by comparing and analyzing the electric field distribution characteristics before and after the degradation. Therefore, the method has very important significance for carrying out space electric field live detection on the operation insulator of the power transmission line at regular intervals and timely distinguishing and replacing the deteriorated insulator string.
The existing method for detecting the deteriorated insulator of the overhead transmission line is divided into a traditional contact type detection method and an emerging non-contact type detection method. The traditional detection method comprises an observation method, a spark fork method and the like, and needs to manually climb a tower, so that the operation is complicated and has a certain danger. In the non-contact detection method, the infrared temperature measurement method and the ultraviolet imaging method are easily influenced by external environments, so that the detection sensitivity is greatly influenced, the electric field distribution detection method is limited in influence of the environments, the detection sensitivity is higher, and the application prospect is wider than that of other methods.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the utility model provides the unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measuring device which can realize non-contact live detection on the overhead line insulator string to obtain the spatial electric field distribution of the insulator string, is beneficial to timely finding faults of operation and maintenance personnel of a power transmission line and avoids great harm to a power grid caused by the faults.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the utility model provides an insulator electric field measurement device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, an onboard end and a ground end;
the airborne terminal is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and comprises an optical electric field sensor, a laser range finder, an airborne electric field measuring module, a first wireless communication module and an airborne terminal processor; the optical electric field sensor is connected with the airborne electric field measurement module through an optical fiber, and receives a first polarized light signal sent by the airborne electric field measurement module, converts the first polarized light signal into a second polarized light signal related to an external electric field and sends the second polarized light signal to the airborne electric field measurement module; the data transmission end of the airborne end processor is electrically connected with the laser range finder, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module respectively;
the ground terminal comprises a second wireless communication module and a ground terminal processor; the second wireless communication module is in communication connection with the first wireless communication module, and the ground terminal processor acquires data acquired by the airborne terminal from the second wireless communication module, and processes and displays the data.
Optionally, the airborne electric field measurement module comprises a light source, a polarizing beam splitter, a polarization maintaining fiber and a photoelectric converter;
the light source and the polarizing beam splitter jointly act to emit linearly polarized light with fixed wavelength, and the linearly polarized light is changed into a first polarized light signal after passing through the polarization maintaining fiber;
after entering the optical electric field sensor, the first polarized light signal is changed into a second polarized light signal under the action of an external electric field and exits from the optical electric field sensor, the second polarized light signal is transmitted into a photoelectric converter through a single-mode fiber, and the photoelectric converter converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal; the optical power of the first polarized optical signal is different from the optical power of the second polarized optical signal.
Optionally, the airborne electric field measurement module sends a first polarized light signal to the optical electric field sensor, the optical electric field sensor divides the first polarized light signal into two optical path signals, one optical path signal exits after passing through an optical path covered by the shielding electrode, and the other optical path signal exits after passing through an optical path covered by the unshielded electrode and being acted by an external electric field, so as to obtain a second polarized light signal, the second polarized light signal is reflected back to the airborne electric field measurement module, and the airborne electric field measurement module converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal proportional to the optical power amplitude of the first polarized light signal.
Optionally, a mounting bracket is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a glass fiber telescopic rod is arranged on the mounting bracket; the optical electric field sensor is arranged at the end part of the glass fiber telescopic rod, which is far away from the mounting support, and is used for detecting the electric field information of the space around the insulator string.
Optionally, be equipped with the mount installing support on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, laser range finder locates on the mount installing support for measure and be used for measuring the distance of target insulator chain apart from the unmanned aerial vehicle body.
Optionally, the mounting bracket is composed of a carbon fiber plate and is provided with a rotary spring bolt and a carbon plate slot; the laser range finder and the glass fiber telescopic rod are connected with the rotary spring bolt or the carbon plate slot in a plug-in mode.
Optionally, the airborne end is connected with an OSDK plug through a connecting wire, and is used for the laser range finder, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module are electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle body.
Optionally, the unmanned aerial vehicle body comprises a fuselage and a horn; the front part of the machine body is provided with a front view module, and the front view module comprises a front view infrared sensing unit and a front view visual unit; the top of the machine body is provided with an RTK module and a GPRS module, a control main board is arranged in the machine body, and a cradle head is arranged at the lower part of the machine body; the motor and the propeller are arranged on the horn, the propeller is fixed on an output shaft of the motor, and the motor is connected with the control main board through the electronic speed regulator.
In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a measurement method based on the insulator electric field measurement device of any one of the first aspects, including:
measuring the distance between the target insulator string and the unmanned aerial vehicle body by using a laser range finder, and ensuring that the distance is within a preset range;
generating a first polarized light signal by using an airborne electric field measurement module, transmitting the first polarized light signal to an optical electric field sensor, changing the first polarized light signal into a second polarized light signal under the action of an external electric field, and emitting the second polarized light signal from the optical electric field sensor;
transmitting the second polarized light signal into an airborne electric field measurement module by using a single mode fiber, wherein the airborne electric field measurement module converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal which is in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal; the optical power of the first polarized optical signal is different from that of the second polarized optical signal;
storing the voltage signal by an onboard terminal processor;
and the voltage signal is sent to the ground terminal processor by utilizing the communication between the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module, and is processed and displayed by the ground terminal processor.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model can rapidly detect the electric field distribution of the insulator string of the power transmission line, avoids manual tower climbing operation and improves detection efficiency.
Compared with the traditional capacitive sensor, the detection accuracy is improved, and the data transmission is carried out between the airborne end and the ground end through wireless signals, so that the sensor is suitable for most field environments.
The utility model performs miniaturization design on the measuring device, reduces the volume and the weight, lightens the load pressure of the unmanned aerial vehicle, prolongs the endurance time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and is convenient for continuous detection.
Drawings
In order that the utility model may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric field measurement device for an insulator of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric field measurement apparatus for an insulator of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an on-board terminal according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
wherein;
1-mounting support, 2-machine carries end processor, 3-laser range finder, 4-optical electric field sensor.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
The principle of application of the utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The existing method for detecting the deteriorated insulator of the overhead transmission line is divided into a traditional contact type detection method and an emerging non-contact type detection method. The traditional detection method comprises an observation method, a spark fork method and the like, and needs to manually climb a tower, so that the operation is complicated and has a certain danger. In the non-contact detection method, the infrared temperature measurement method and the ultraviolet imaging method are easily influenced by external environments, so that the detection sensitivity is greatly influenced. Therefore, the utility model provides the unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device and the unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement method, which can be used for rapidly detecting the electric field distribution of the insulator string of the power transmission line, so that manual tower climbing operation is avoided, and the detection efficiency is improved. The electric field distribution is little disturbed by environmental factors, and the defects of the two detection means are overcome.
Example 1
The embodiment of the utility model provides an insulator electric field measuring device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, an onboard end and a ground end; the unmanned aerial vehicle body is used for playing a role of a carrying platform, and the carrying end of the carrying machine completes data acquisition work; the ground end processes and displays the data acquired by the airborne end, and the ground end and the airborne end transmit the data in a wireless communication mode; specifically:
the airborne terminal is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and comprises an optical electric field sensor 4, a laser range finder 3, an airborne electric field measuring module, a first wireless communication module and an airborne terminal processor 2; the optical electric field sensor 4 is connected with the airborne electric field measurement module through an optical fiber, and receives a first polarized light signal sent by the airborne electric field measurement module, converts the first polarized light signal into a second polarized light signal related to an external electric field and sends the second polarized light signal to the airborne electric field measurement module; the data transmission end of the airborne end processor 2 is respectively and electrically connected with the laser range finder 3, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module; the laser range finder 3 is used for keeping an effective distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle body and the insulator, so that effective electric field information can be detected;
the ground terminal comprises a second wireless communication module and a ground terminal processor; the second wireless communication module is in communication connection with the first wireless communication module, and the ground terminal processor acquires data acquired by the airborne terminal from the second wireless communication module, and processes and displays the data. In the implementation process, the ground terminal processor is also connected with a high-definition display for displaying the spatial electric field waveforms of the insulator string.
Therefore, the insulator electric field measuring device in the embodiment of the utility model can quickly detect the electric field distribution of the insulator string of the power transmission line, avoids manual tower climbing operation (data acquired by the airborne terminal are transmitted to the ground terminal in a wireless transmission mode), and improves the measuring efficiency.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the unmanned aerial vehicle body includes a fuselage and a horn; the front part of the machine body is provided with a front view module, and the front view module comprises a front view infrared sensing unit and a front view visual unit; the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a machine body, wherein an RTK module and a GPRS module are installed at the top of the machine body, a control main board is installed in the machine body, a cradle head is installed at the lower part of the machine body, the flying stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle is guaranteed, automatic obstacle avoidance is realized, and the safety of a detection task is guaranteed; the motor and the propeller are arranged on the horn, the propeller is fixed on an output shaft of the motor, and the motor is connected with the control main board through the electronic speed regulator.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 3, a mounting bracket 1 is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a glass fiber telescopic rod is arranged on the mounting bracket 1, so that the load of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be reduced, the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and an insulator string is increased, and the safety detection of the spatial field intensity of the insulator string is realized; the optical electric field sensor 4 is arranged at the end (i.e. the front end) of the glass fiber telescopic rod, which is far away from the mounting bracket 1, and is used for detecting the electric field information of the space around the insulator string. The laser range finder 3 is arranged on the mounting bracket 1 and is used for measuring the distance between the target insulator string and the unmanned aerial vehicle body. In the specific implementation process, the machine-mounted end is provided with a bayonet matched with the mounting support 1, and the machine-mounted end is connected with the mounting support 1 in a clamping manner, so that the mounting support is convenient to detach.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the optical electric field sensor 4 detects the electric field intensity in the space around the insulator string by using the pockels principle of the lithium niobate crystal, forms a polarized light signal, and outputs the polarized light signal to the airborne electric field measurement module; the on-board electric field measurement module converts the received polarized light signal into a voltage signal proportional to the light power amplitude of the input polarized light signal. Namely, the airborne electric field measurement module sends a first polarized light signal to the optical electric field sensor 4, the optical electric field sensor 4 divides the first polarized light signal into two light path signals, one light path signal exits after passing through a light path covered by the shielding electrode, and the other light path signal exits after passing through a light path covered by the unshielded electrode and being subjected to the action of an external electric field, so as to obtain a second polarized light signal, the second polarized light signal is reflected back to the airborne electric field measurement module, and the airborne electric field measurement module converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal which is in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal. The specific principle is as follows:
on the semiconductor substrate of the X-cut lithium niobate crystal, two Y-branched optical waveguides are carved, and a metal shielding electrode is laid on the upper optical waveguide. When an external electric field exists around the optical electric field sensor 4, the refractive index of the x-cut lithium niobate crystal changes due to the action of the electric field in the Z direction, and for the lower optical waveguide without the metal shielding structure, the refractive index of the lower optical waveguide along the Z axis of the optical signal becomes:
wherein n is e The intrinsic refractive index for an electro-optic crystal can be approximated as:
wherein r is 33 Is the electro-optic conversion coefficient of the Z axis of the crystal. From the above formula, the refractive index of the optical waveguide optical signal is proportional to the external electric field; for the upper branch optical waveguide, the Z-direction electric field acting on the upper branch optical waveguide is greatly weakened due to the shielding effect of the metal electrode. Therefore, after the optical signals are branched by the input Y, the optical signals which are split into the two optical waveguides form a phase difference due to different refractive indexes, an M-Z interferometer structure is actually formed, and according to the basic principle of the M-Z interferometer, the phase difference formed by the optical signals in the two optical waveguides under the action of an external electric field is as follows:
wherein n is e The inherent refractive index of the electro-optic crystal, L is the length of the shielding electrode, the wavelength of the input optical signal and the electro-optic overlap integral coefficient, the value of the electro-optic overlap integral coefficient is related to the electrode shape and the preparation condition of the optical waveguide, and the k value is greatly different under different conditions.
The optical signals with different phases in the two optical waveguides interfere at the output end of the Y branch, and the output optical power is as follows:
wherein P is i The optical power is input to the electric field sensor,
is the inherent phase difference of the optical signals transmitted in the two optical waveguides, the value of which is related to the difference in length of the two optical waveguides,/>
When the inherent phase difference
When the relation between the output optical power and the input optical power and the external field intensity are obtained, the relation is as follows:
it can be seen that when the input optical power is constant, the output optical power is a sine function of the applied electric field, and the output optical power can be approximately regarded as a linear function of the external field intensity. Thus, by detecting the optical power of the electric field sensor, the magnitude of the external electric field can be determined.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the mounting bracket 1 is made of carbon fiber board, and is provided with a rotary spring bolt and a carbon board slot, and the total weight is about 80g, so that the mounting bracket is light and reliable; the laser range finder 3 and the glass fiber telescopic rod are connected with the rotary spring bolt or the carbon plate slot in a plugging mode, so that the quick assembly disassembly of the load is realized, and the working efficiency is improved.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the on-board electric field measurement module and the second wireless communication module are integrated into an integrated device, so as to reduce the volume of the load as much as possible.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the airborne end is connected with an OSDK plug through a connecting wire, and is used for electrically connecting the laser rangefinder 3, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module with the unmanned aerial vehicle body, so as to realize that the laser rangefinder 3, the airborne electric field measurement module and the wireless communication device are powered by OSDK interfaces of the unmanned aerial vehicle body.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the utility model, the airborne electric field measurement module comprises a power adapter, a light source, a polarizing beam splitter, a polarization maintaining fiber and a photoelectric converter;
the power adapter is matched with a 12V direct current battery on the unmanned plane platform to supply power to the device;
the light source and the polarizing beam splitter jointly act to emit linearly polarized light with fixed wavelength, and the linearly polarized light is changed into a first polarized light signal after passing through the polarization maintaining fiber;
after entering the optical electric field sensor 4, the first polarized light signal is changed into a second polarized light signal under the action of an external electric field and exits from the optical electric field sensor 4, the second polarized light signal is transmitted into a photoelectric converter through a single-mode fiber, and the photoelectric converter converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal; the optical power of the first polarized optical signal is different from the optical power of the second polarized optical signal.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, a ground terminal includes a second wireless communication module, a ground terminal processor and a high-definition display screen, where after receiving information of an insulator string space electric field sent by a first wireless communication module of the airborne terminal, the second wireless communication module processes the information of the insulator string space electric field through a built-in filtering amplifying circuit, and after filtering interference, the ground terminal processor further analyzes and processes an obtained analog voltage signal, and outputs a detection result and a processed insulator string space electric field waveform to the high-definition display screen; the second wireless communication module and the filtering amplifying circuit form an electric field data receiving module together.
The following describes in detail the operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to the present utility model with reference to fig. 2.
The ground end sends a measurement instruction to the airborne end processor 2 through the second wireless transmission device, and the airborne end further carries out detection and storage work of electric field data.
The on-board terminal processor 2 controls the optical electric field sensor 4 to detect and obtain a second polarized light signal which can represent electric field distribution of the insulator string, the detected second polarized light signal is converted into a voltage signal through the on-board electric field measuring module and then transmitted to the on-board terminal processor 2, the on-board terminal processor 2 carries out primary software and hardware filtering processing on measured distance data and the voltage signal, the measured distance data and the voltage signal are transmitted to the electric field data receiving module of the ground terminal through the first wireless transmission module by utilizing the Lora wireless communication technology, the electric field data receiving module receives the distance data and the voltage signal sent by the first wireless communication module of the on-board terminal, the voltage signal is processed through the built-in filtering amplifying circuit, the ground terminal processor carries out further analysis processing on the obtained analog voltage signal after interference is filtered, the model of the ground terminal processor is ADS8689, the 16bit resolution is configured to be +/-2.56V measuring range, and a 1bit voltage value corresponding to 78.125uV can be calculated, and a calculation formula is:
the received original measurement data can be calculated to obtain an actual voltage value, and the formula is as follows:
U＝data×78.125×10 -6 -2.56
converting the calculated voltage value into an electric field value, wherein the formula is as follows:
E＝k×U＝k 1 ×k 2 ×U
where k is a conversion coefficient, k 1 For the set magnification, k of the data processing module 2 Is the response coefficient of the optical electric field sensor 4 itself. Writing the converted electric field value into a waveform display frame, and outputting the electric field value to a high-definition display screen to obtain an electric field distribution waveform of the insulator string.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the strain insulator string of a certain line is actually measured, and the strain insulator string of a certain line is obtained through experiments, so that the system can be used for detecting a phase of insulator string within 10 minutes, the electric field information of the insulator string can be quickly acquired, the detection efficiency is improved, the electric field is accurately acquired by adopting the optical electric field sensor 4 based on the Pockels effect, the detection accuracy is improved, the data transmission is carried out between the on-board end and the ground end through wireless signals, the system is suitable for most field environments, the applicability is improved, the on-board electric field measurement module and the wireless transmission device are miniaturized, the system is suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle models, the energy consumption of unmanned aerial vehicles is reduced as much as possible, and the detection time is prolonged. And comparing the obtained insulator electric field curve with undegraded insulator distribution electric field intensity variation waveforms obtained by the model, judging that a degraded insulator exists in the insulator string if a distortion point exists, finding the degraded insulator in time, facilitating timely and effective treatment, and ensuring the safety of the power transmission line.
Example 2
The utility model provides a measuring method based on the insulator electric field measuring device in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the distance between the target insulator string and the unmanned aerial vehicle body by using a laser range finder 3, and ensuring that the distance is within a preset range;
generating a first polarized light signal by using an airborne electric field measurement module, transmitting the first polarized light signal to an optical electric field sensor 4, changing the first polarized light signal into a second polarized light signal under the action of an external electric field, and emitting the second polarized light signal from the optical electric field sensor 4;
transmitting the second polarized light signal into an airborne electric field measurement module by using a single mode fiber, wherein the airborne electric field measurement module converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal which is in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal; the optical power of the first polarized optical signal is different from that of the second polarized optical signal;
storing the voltage signal with an on-board terminal processor 2;
and the voltage signal is sent to the ground terminal processor by utilizing the communication between the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module, and is processed and displayed by the ground terminal processor.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present utility model and the advantages of the present utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. Unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device, its characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, an onboard end and a ground end;
the airborne terminal is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and comprises an optical electric field sensor, a laser range finder, an airborne electric field measuring module, a first wireless communication module and an airborne terminal processor; the optical electric field sensor is connected with the airborne electric field measurement module through an optical fiber, and receives a first polarized light signal sent by the airborne electric field measurement module, converts the first polarized light signal into a second polarized light signal related to an external electric field and sends the second polarized light signal to the airborne electric field measurement module; the data transmission end of the airborne end processor is electrically connected with the laser range finder, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module respectively;
the ground terminal comprises a second wireless communication module and a ground terminal processor; the second wireless communication module is in communication connection with the first wireless communication module, and the ground terminal processor acquires data acquired by the airborne terminal from the second wireless communication module, and processes and displays the data.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the airborne electric field measurement module comprises a light source, a polarizing beam splitter, a polarization maintaining fiber and a photoelectric converter;
the light source and the polarizing beam splitter jointly act to emit linearly polarized light with fixed wavelength, and the linearly polarized light is changed into a first polarized light signal after passing through the polarization maintaining fiber;
after entering the optical electric field sensor, the first polarized light signal is changed into a second polarized light signal under the action of an external electric field and exits from the optical electric field sensor, the second polarized light signal is transmitted into a photoelectric converter through a single-mode fiber, and the photoelectric converter converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal; the optical power of the first polarized optical signal is different from the optical power of the second polarized optical signal.
3. An unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the machine-mounted electric field measurement module sends a first polarized light signal to the optical electric field sensor, the optical electric field sensor divides the first polarized light signal into two light path signals, one light path signal exits after passing through a light path covered by the shielding electrode, the other light path signal exits after passing through a light path covered by the unshielded electrode and being subjected to the action of an external electric field, so as to obtain a second polarized light signal, the second polarized light signal is reflected back to the machine-mounted electric field measurement module, and the machine-mounted electric field measurement module converts the second polarized light signal into a voltage signal which is in direct proportion to the light power amplitude of the first polarized light signal.
4. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: a mounting bracket is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a glass fiber telescopic rod is arranged on the mounting bracket; the optical electric field sensor is arranged at the end part of the glass fiber telescopic rod, which is far away from the mounting support, and is used for detecting the electric field information of the space around the insulator string.
5. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized in that a mounting support is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the laser range finder is arranged on the mounting support and used for measuring the distance between the insulator string of the measurement target and the unmanned aerial vehicle body.
6. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device of claim 5, wherein: the mounting bracket is composed of a carbon fiber plate and is provided with a rotary spring bolt and a carbon plate slot; the laser range finder and the glass fiber telescopic rod are connected with the rotary spring bolt or the carbon plate slot in a plug-in mode.
7. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the airborne end is connected with an OSDK plug through a connecting wire and is used for electrically connecting the laser range finder, the airborne electric field measurement module and the first wireless communication module with the unmanned aerial vehicle body.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator electric field measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the unmanned aerial vehicle body comprises a body and a horn; the front part of the machine body is provided with a front view module, and the front view module comprises a front view infrared sensing unit and a front view visual unit; the top of the machine body is provided with an RTK module and a GPRS module, a control main board is arranged in the machine body, and a cradle head is arranged at the lower part of the machine body; the motor and the propeller are arranged on the horn, the propeller is fixed on an output shaft of the motor, and the motor is connected with the control main board through the electronic speed regulator.
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