CN218887412U

CN218887412U - Battery package and consumer

Info

Publication number: CN218887412U
Application number: CN202223599635.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔乾旭; 候爱生; 牛力; 郭其鑫
Original assignee: China Lithium Battery Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Lithium Battery Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and electric equipment, wherein the battery pack comprises a single battery, and the top of the battery pack is provided with a weak part; the insulating plate is a flat plate arranged on the top of the single battery; a case cover provided above the insulating plate; an accommodating cavity is formed between the box cover and the insulating plate in a sealed mode, the accommodating cavity is at least partially overlapped with the weak portion in a projection mode, and cooling media are filled in the accommodating cavity. The battery pack can effectively relieve thermal runaway of the single battery and greatly improve the space utilization rate in the battery pack.

Description

Battery package and consumer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery technology field especially relates to a battery package and consumer.

Background

With the attention of people on environmental protection, new energy automobiles are increasingly popularized. The battery pack is used as a power source of the new energy automobile, and the safety problem of the battery pack is very important. Thermal runaway is a common safety problem of a battery pack, and when the temperature of a single battery in the battery pack rises and the thermal runaway is caused, heat can be transferred to the single batteries around the single battery, so that the thermal runaway of the whole battery pack is caused.

In order to solve the problems, a common method is to arrange a spray pipeline above the single battery, and the spray pipeline is damaged and sprays cooling liquid due to high temperature generated when the single battery is out of control due to heat so as to cool the single battery out of control due to heat and delay the spread of the out of control due to heat. However, the arrangement of the spraying pipeline occupies a large amount of space in the battery pack, so that the space utilization rate in the battery pack is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome above-mentioned prior art at least one defect, the utility model provides a battery package, it can effectively alleviate the battery cell thermal runaway in the time, promote the space utilization in the battery package by a wide margin.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that its problem adopted and be:

provided is a battery pack including:

the top of the single battery is provided with a weak part;

the insulating plate is a flat plate arranged on the top of the single battery;

a case cover provided above the insulating plate;

an accommodating cavity is formed between the box cover and the insulating plate in a sealed mode, the accommodating cavity is at least partially overlapped with the weak portion in a projection mode, and cooling media are filled in the accommodating cavity.

The utility model discloses a pack and cool down thermal runaway's battery cell at the cooling medium who holds the intracavity, should hold the chamber and form by the necessary part case lid of battery package and insulation board is sealed, need not establish in addition and spray equipment, have simple structure, convenient operation's characteristics to this cooling structure can not occupy battery package inner space, has guaranteed higher space utilization in the battery package.

Furthermore, the utility model also provides an consumer, including above-mentioned battery package.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a case and a single battery therein;

fig. 3 to 8 are schematic structural views of different embodiments of the case cover and the single battery;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a case cover with multiple accommodating cavities connected in series according to an embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a case cover with multiple accommodating cavities connected in parallel in the embodiment.

Wherein the reference numerals have the following meanings:

1. a box body; 2. a box cover; 21. an accommodating chamber; 22. a case cover body; 23. a rib is protruded; 24. an insulating layer; 25. a region of weakness; 26. a liquid inlet; 27. a liquid outlet; 3. a single battery; 31. a weakened portion.

Detailed Description

For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment discloses a battery pack, which includes a box body 1, a box cover 2, an insulating plate (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of battery packs, wherein the plurality of battery packs are arranged in the box body 1, the insulating plate is a flat plate arranged above the battery packs, the box cover 2 is arranged above the insulating plate, the box cover 2 covers the box body 1, and the box cover 2 covers the plurality of battery packs. Every group battery is including piling up a plurality of battery cells 3 that become one, and the battery cell 3 of this embodiment explains with square battery as an example, nevertheless does not show the technical scheme of the utility model only is applicable to square battery, and in the practical application, can adjust to circular battery etc. according to the demand. The side of every square battery cell 3 of this embodiment that the surface area is the biggest is its big face, and when battery cell 3 arranged in every group battery, a plurality of battery cell 3 arranged in proper order was a row, and two adjacent battery cell 3's big face adjacent setting. The top of each unit cell 3 is provided with a weak part 31, the weak part 31 may be an explosion-proof valve arranged on the top surface of the unit cell 3, or may be a metal sheet arranged on the top of the unit cell 3, for example, a metal sheet obtained by locally electrolyzing and losing a certain thickness of the top cover of the unit cell 3, and the structure of the weak part 31 is various, and the weak part 31 is not specifically mentioned here, and may be arranged according to actual requirements, but the purpose of the weak part 31 is to release the pressure of the unit cell 3 subjected to thermal runaway expansion no matter what structure the weak part 31 is. The top of a plurality of group battery is equipped with the busbar to in connecting each battery cell 3, the insulation board covers the busbar.

In order to alleviate the spread of the thermal runaway of the single battery 3, an accommodating cavity 21 is formed between the insulating plate and the box cover 2 in a sealing manner, the accommodating cavity 21 and the weak part 31 of the single battery 3 are at least partially overlapped in a projection manner, and a cooling medium is filled in the accommodating cavity 21. From this, this embodiment is cooling down thermal runaway's battery cell 3 through filling the cooling medium that holds in the chamber 21, should hold chamber 21 and be formed by the necessary part case lid 2 of battery package and insulation board are sealed, need not establish in addition and spray equipment, have simple structure, convenient operation's characteristics to this cooling structure can not occupy battery package inner space, has guaranteed higher space utilization in the battery package. In addition, in the method for cooling by arranging the spraying pipeline in the prior art, the spraying pipeline is generally arranged between the top of the single battery 3 in the battery pack and the wiring harness plate, and an explosion-proof valve explosion space needs to be reserved between the spraying pipeline and the top of the single battery 3, so that a gap exists between the spraying pipeline and the single battery 3, when a vehicle provided with the battery pack runs, the spraying pipeline vibrates up and down easily, the welding part of the wiring harness plate and the single battery 3 pole is disconnected, and the battery pack is internally broken. And the chamber 21 that holds of this embodiment is established between insulation board and case lid 2, and the battery wraps the inner structure by lower supreme monomer battery 3 → utmost point post → busbar → pencil board → insulation board → case lid 2 of being in proper order, consequently, the utility model discloses the setting that holds the chamber 21 can not influence the effective connection of pencil board and busbar in the battery package, avoids the inside emergence of battery package to open circuit. In addition, in the horizontal direction, the spraying pipeline in the prior art is generally arranged between the positive and negative poles of the single battery 3, and the height of the spraying pipeline is close to that of the positive and negative poles or the bus bars of the single battery 3, so that the temperature of the positive and negative poles or the bus bars of the single battery 3 is easily reduced compared with the actual temperature due to the cooling medium with low temperature in the spraying pipeline, and therefore the temperature collected by the temperature collecting piece is inaccurate, and cannot be timely fed back and cooled when the temperature of the single battery 3 is too high, so that the thermal runaway risk is increased. And the chamber 21 that holds of this embodiment is far away from the positive and negative utmost point post and the busbar of battery cell 3 in the direction of height, and the temperature influence of the cooling medium in the chamber 21 to battery cell 3's positive and negative utmost point post and busbar is less, and the temperature of temperature acquisition piece can accurate collection, real-time feedback battery cell 3 to in time take the cooling measure when battery cell 3 temperature risees, greatly reduced the risk of thermal runaway.

Referring to fig. 3, the case cover 2 is provided with a groove to form an accommodating cavity 21, when a certain single battery 3 is out of control due to heat, the accommodating cavity 21 is damaged due to high-temperature substances such as gas, electrolyte, high-temperature solid substances and the like sprayed from the weak portion 31, a cooling medium in the accommodating cavity 21 enters the single battery 3 through the weak portion 31 to cool the single battery 3, and the spread of the out of control due to heat is inhibited, so that the out of control due to heat of the adjacent single batteries 3 is avoided. In addition, the accommodating cavity 21 is formed in the box cover 2, spraying equipment does not need to be additionally arranged as in the prior art, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the space in the battery pack is not occupied, the sufficient space utilization rate in the battery pack is guaranteed, and therefore some electric elements and the like can be arranged in the battery pack as required to fully utilize the space in the battery pack.

The cooling medium in this embodiment is a phase change material, which may be selected from CaCl ₂ ·6H ₂ O、Na ₂ SO ₄ ·10H ₂ O、CaBr ₂ ·6 _H2 O、CH ₃ COONa·3H ₂ Inorganic phase change materials such as O and the like can also be selected from organic phase change materials such as paraffin, aliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohols and the like, and the phase change materials are various and are not listed here, and can be selected according to actual requirements.

Referring to fig. 3, the case cover 2 includes a case cover body 22, the accommodating cavity 21 of the present embodiment is opened in the case cover body 22, the opening end of the accommodating cavity 21 faces the single battery 3, in order to improve the sealing performance of the accommodating cavity 21 between the case cover 2 and the insulating plate, the case cover body 22 is provided with an insulating layer 24 facing the single battery 3, the insulating layer 24 is disposed at the opening end of the accommodating cavity 21, and the insulating layer 24 covers the opening end of the accommodating cavity 21 to seal the accommodating cavity 21. The insulating layer 24 may be an insulating film adhered to the open end of the accommodating chamber 21, or an aluminum foil or the like welded to the surface of the open end of the accommodating chamber 21 and coated with an insulating paint.

The structure in which the insulating layer 24 seals the open end of the accommodating chamber 21 may be as shown in fig. 3, the insulating layer 24 being provided at the open end of the accommodating chamber 21, and the peripheral side edge of the insulating layer 24 extending toward the bottom surface of the tank cover body 22; alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the insulating layer 24 is provided at the opening end of the accommodating chamber 21, and the peripheral side edge of the insulating layer 24 abuts against the inner wall of the accommodating chamber 21. The preferred embodiment is the structure of the insulating layer 24 shown in fig. 3, which has the characteristic of stronger sealing.

The insulating layer 24 is provided with a weakened area 25, which weakened area 25 at least partially overlaps in projection the weakened portions 31 of all the unit cells 3. The weak area 25 can be a hot-melting area which is easily melted by high temperature, and the weak area 25 is melted and damaged by high-temperature substances such as gas, electrolyte, high-temperature solid substances and the like sprayed from the weak part 31, so that the cooling medium in the accommodating cavity 21 flows out to cool the single battery 3 which is out of control by heat. The weak area 25 may also be a stress concentration area which is easily damaged by an impact force, and a high-temperature substance such as gas, electrolyte, a high-temperature solid substance, etc. sprayed from the weak portion 31 impacts the weak area 25 to cause the weak area 25 to be damaged by the impact force, so that the cooling medium in the accommodating cavity 21 flows out to cool the thermal runaway single battery 3.

Due to the fact that the number of the single batteries 3 in the battery pack is large, the weak areas 25 are arranged in a plurality and are distributed on the insulating layer 24 at intervals, each weak area 25 is at least arranged corresponding to one weak portion 31, as shown in fig. 5, each weak area 25 is arranged corresponding to two weak portions 31, and in practical application, each weak area 25 can be arranged corresponding to three or more weak portions 31. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the weak regions 25 is equal to the number of the weak portions 31, one weak region 25 is arranged corresponding to one weak portion 31, the structure can accurately destroy the weak region 25 at the top of the thermal runaway single battery 3, and the flowing-out cooling medium cools the thermal runaway single battery 3, so that the influence on the adjacent single batteries 3 is small, and the cooling effect is obvious; in addition, the weak areas 25 and the weak parts 31 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the whole occupied area of the weak areas 25 is minimum, the influence on the strength of the insulating layer 24 is small, and the insulating layer 24 can be ensured to be well sealed in the accommodating cavity 21.

The accommodating cavity 21 can adopt various different structures, referring to fig. 3, the accommodating cavity 21 is a groove formed in the box cover body 22, and since the thickness of the box cover body 22 is within a certain range, the depth of the accommodating cavity 21 is limited, and the amount of the cooling medium which can be filled in the accommodating cavity 21 is limited. Therefore, referring to fig. 6, the lid body 22 is provided with a rib 23 protruding away from the single cell 3, the rib 23 is generally formed by integrally stamping the lid 2, an open end of the rib 23 faces the single cell 3, and the open end is sealed with the insulating layer 24, so that the accommodating cavity 21 is formed between the rib 23 and the insulating layer 24. This hold chamber 21 is for the bellied structure of 3 monomer batteries dorsad for hold chamber 21 and have sufficient degree of depth, can fill sufficient coolant, so that better to thermal runaway's monomer battery 3 cool down, and protruding muscle 23 is favorable to improving the intensity of case lid 2. Case lid 2 of battery package forms for the metal sheet punching press usually, for the structural strength who improves case lid 2, the technical staff in the field often can design protruding muscle 23 on case lid 2, the protruding muscle 23 structure of original case lid 2 in the battery package has been borrowed to this embodiment, and hold chamber 21 for holding cooling medium with its design, need not to add the spray line in the battery package, or choose the case lid 2 replacement traditional case lid 2 that has inside runner that technology is complicated and weight is heavier, can effectively improve the energy density of battery package, and reduction in production cost.

Further, a plurality of ribs 23 are provided, the plurality of ribs 23 are distributed on the box cover body 22 at intervals, and each rib 23 is at least arranged corresponding to one weak portion 31. Specifically, each rib 23 may be disposed corresponding to two weak portions 31, and in practical applications, each rib 23 may also be disposed corresponding to three or more weak portions 31. Preferably, referring to fig. 7, the number of the ribs 23 is equal to the number of rows of the battery pack, each rib 23 overlaps with at least part of the corresponding weak portion 31 of one row of the single batteries 3 in a projection manner, so that each row of the single batteries 3 corresponds to one accommodating cavity 21, when the single batteries 3 are out of control in heat, a cooling medium in the accommodating cavity 21 above the single batteries can be accurately sprayed to the explosion-proof valve of the single battery 3 through the weak portion 31, so that the single battery 3 is rapidly cooled, the out of control in heat is effectively slowed down, and the adjacent single batteries 3 are not affected; in addition, the structure that the chamber 21 and the weak part 31 of each row of the single batteries 3 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the whole occupied volume of the chamber 21 is small, and the strength of the case cover body 22 is favorably ensured. On the basis, the depth of each accommodating cavity 21 is 0.5-10mm, the width is 5-60mm, and the width-depth ratio is 0.5-120, so that the strength of the box cover 2 can be ensured, enough space can be provided for arranging the weak area 25, and the box cover 2 cannot be overhigh to occupy high space.

Furthermore, referring to fig. 8, the number of the insulating layers 24 is equal to the number of the accommodating cavities 21, and each insulating layer 24 seals one accommodating cavity 21, so that when a high-temperature substance sprayed out of the single battery 3 due to thermal runaway thermally melts and/or impacts the weak area 25, only a large impact force is generated on the corresponding insulating layer 24, and the influence on other insulating layers 24 is small, thereby ensuring the sealing firmness of other insulating layers 24, and avoiding that no cooling medium is available when the single battery 3 of other battery packs is thermally runaway.

In addition, when the quantity that holds chamber 21 and group battery row number equal phase, a plurality ofly hold and can adopt as shown in fig. 9 structure between the chamber 21, a plurality ofly hold between the chamber 21 end to end series connection and become one and hold the chamber wholly, hold the holistic head end in chamber and be equipped with inlet 26, hold the holistic tail end in chamber and be equipped with liquid outlet 27, inlet 26 and liquid outlet 27 connect outside cooling medium to can realize cooling medium's circulation flow, can cool down the battery package at the battery package working process. A plurality of holding cavities 21 can also adopt the structure as shown in fig. 10, a plurality of holding cavities 21 are connected in parallel, a plurality of liquid inlet ends of holding cavities 21 are positioned on the same side and connected with the same liquid inlet 26, a plurality of liquid outlet ends of holding cavities 21 are positioned on the same side and connected with the same liquid outlet 27, and the liquid inlet 26 and the liquid outlet 27 are connected with an external cooling medium, so that the circulating flow of the cooling medium can be realized, and the temperature of the battery pack can be reduced in the working process of the battery pack.

The embodiment also discloses an electric device, which can be a new energy automobile, an electricity storage container, a household energy storage cabinet and the like, wherein the battery pack is used for providing power for the electric device.

Finally, it should be noted that fig. 1-9 are only schematic diagrams of the battery pack and its components, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the components nor the proportional relationship between the components.

The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the present invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the above embodiments, but also includes the technical scheme formed by the arbitrary combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising:

the top of the single battery is provided with a weak part;

the insulating plate is a flat plate arranged on the top of the single battery;

a case cover provided above the insulating plate;

an accommodating cavity is formed between the box cover and the insulating plate in a sealed mode, the accommodating cavity is at least partially overlapped with the weak portion in a projection mode, and a cooling medium is filled in the accommodating cavity.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the box cover is provided with a convex rib which is back to the insulating plate and protrudes, and the opening of the convex rib faces the insulating plate, and the insulating plate seals the opening of the convex rib to form the accommodating cavity.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: the battery pack comprises a plurality of columns of battery packs, each battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries which are stacked in sequence to form a column, the number of the accommodating cavities is equal to that of the battery packs, and the accommodating cavities are overlapped with at least partial projections of the weak parts of the single batteries corresponding to the accommodating cavities.

4. A battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: each accommodating cavity is overlapped with the weak part of at least one column of the single batteries in a projection mode.

5. A battery pack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the top of the single battery is provided with a bus bar, and the insulating plate covers the bus bar.

6. A battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: the accommodating cavity is sealed through an insulating layer, at least one insulating layer is arranged on the insulating layer, and the insulating layer at least seals the opening end of one convex rib.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein: the insulating layer is provided with at least one weak area, and the weak area is at least partially overlapped with at least one weak part in a projection mode.

8. A battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: the accommodating cavities are connected end to end in series to form an accommodating cavity whole body, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively arranged at the end to end of the accommodating cavity whole body, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are both communicated with an external cooling medium;

or, it is a plurality of hold between the chamber parallel connection, it is a plurality of hold the both ends that are located the homonymy in chamber and communicate a inlet and a liquid outlet respectively, the inlet with the liquid outlet all communicates external cooling medium.

9. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein: the number of the weak areas is equal to that of the weak parts, and the weak areas and the weak parts are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

10. A battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: the depth of the accommodating cavity is 0.5-10mm, the width of the accommodating cavity is 5-60mm, and the width-depth ratio of the accommodating cavity is 0.5-120.

11. An electrical device, characterized in that: a battery pack comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 10.