CN218885584U - Liquid detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a liquid detection device, which comprises a reaction vessel, an absorption vessel, a multi-channel switching unit and a communication pipeline, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the reaction vessel are respectively provided with at least one upper connecting port and at least one lower connecting port, the absorption vessel is used for containing an absorption substance, a first port of the communication pipeline is connected to the upper connecting port, a second port of the communication pipeline extends into the absorption vessel to be contacted with the absorption substance, the multi-channel switching unit is provided with N distribution ports and a common port communicated with the lower connecting ports, the common port can be alternatively communicated with one of the distribution ports or not communicated with the distribution ports, the distribution ports are connected with liquid or air, N is a natural number larger than or equal to 2, the communication pipeline is provided with a stop unit, and a driving unit is connected between the common port and the stop unit in series.

Description

Liquid detection device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of analysis, and more particularly, to a liquid detection device.

Background

Liquid monitoring is the process of monitoring and measuring the type, concentration and variation trend of dissolved substances in liquid and evaluating the liquid condition. The real-time state of the liquid can be effectively and accurately monitored through a liquid analyzer, and objective data, analysis and comparison are formed, so that the functions of supervision, early warning and prevention can be effectively and timely played, and the liquid analyzer plays a very positive role in improving the environment.

However, the liquid analysis instrument is usually affected by turbidity, chromaticity or various chemical interference substances in the liquid when measuring the content of the substances contained in the liquid. In order to exclude interferences, existing liquid analysis instruments usually require a corresponding pretreatment of the liquid. For example, the liquid analyzer first separates the substance to be measured from the interfering substance by a chemical reaction, distillation, expulsion, heating, or the like, and then measures the substance to be measured by a photometric method, a titration method, or an electrochemical method, that is, the substance to be measured is purified and then measured, so as to prevent the interfering substance from affecting the detection result.

In order to realize the functions, the existing liquid analyzer can increase the complexity of a flow path and the design of the analyzer, and more valves and pumps are adopted to drive, quantify and stir the liquid, so that the design cost is high, and the subsequent use is inconvenient. On the one hand, this makes the overall volume of the instrument large, increasing the manufacturing and transportation costs of the instrument. On the other hand, a large number of devices are not beneficial to the installation, debugging and maintenance of the instrument, and the installation and maintenance cost of the instrument is increased. In addition, the complicated piping makes the system unstable and the reproducibility poor.

Therefore, in order to improve the liquid detection accuracy, how to simplify the flow path of the liquid analyzer is a technical problem to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, this application has proposed a liquid detection device, this liquid detection device simple structure is reliable, can detect different indicators, and the reproducibility is good, is particularly useful for the COD content detection of high chlorine waste water, has solved inaccurate, easy crystallization, the unstable problem of measurement of traditional COD apparatus to high chlorine water appearance test, can be fast, the accurate COD content who detects out in the high concentration chloridion water sample.

According to an aspect of the present application, a liquid detecting apparatus is provided, where the liquid detecting apparatus includes a reaction container, an absorption container, a communication pipeline, and a multi-channel switching unit, where an upper portion and a lower portion of the reaction container are respectively provided with at least one upper connection port and at least one lower connection port, the absorption container is configured to contain an absorption material, a first port of the communication pipeline is connected to the upper connection port, a second port of the communication pipeline extends into the absorption container to contact with the absorption material, the multi-channel switching unit has a common port and N distribution ports, the common port is communicated with the lower connection port, the common port is capable of conducting one or more distribution ports or not conducting all distribution ports, the distribution ports are connected with liquid or air, N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, a first cut-off unit is serially connected in the communication pipeline, and a first driving unit and/or a second driving unit is serially connected between the common port and the first cut-off unit.

According to the technical scheme of this application, can be with interference material or measured object in the reaction vessel through first drive unit from reaction vessel suction to the absorption vessel in to with measured object and interference material separation, with the effect of obtaining anti-jamming.

This liquid detection device simple structure is reliable, and its flow path can be through as far as possible few device, detects different indicators, and the reproducibility is good, is particularly useful for the COD content testing of high chlorine waste water, has solved that traditional COD liquid analysis appearance is inaccurate, easy crystallization, the unstable problem of measurement to high chlorine water appearance test, can be quick, accurate detect out the COD content in the high concentration chloride ion water sample. Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow path diagram of a liquid detection device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the reaction vessel;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the auxiliary container;

fig. 4 to 5 are schematic flow path diagrams of a preferred embodiment of a liquid detection device according to the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

In the measurement of the content of substances contained in a liquid, a liquid analyzer is generally affected by turbidity, chromaticity or various chemical interfering substances in the liquid, and the effect of the interfering substances will be specifically described below by taking COD as an example.

COD (Chemical oxygen Demand) is an essential item in liquid monitoring, and means the amount of oxidant consumed in treating a water sample with a strong oxidant under certain conditions, expressed in mg/L of oxygen, and the Chemical oxygen Demand reflects the degree of contamination of the water with reducing substances. In the process of detection and analysis, chloride ions in a water sample are easily oxidized by an oxidant. The measurement result is higher due to a large amount of chloride ions, and the measurement of the high-chlorine low-COD wastewater is more difficult at present.

The traditional COD liquid analyzer consists of three parts, namely a sampling system, a reaction system and a control system. The working principle of the method is that a mixed solution of a sample, a potassium dichromate digestion solution, a silver sulfate solution (silver sulfate is added as a catalyst and can effectively oxidize linear fatty compounds) and concentrated sulfuric acid is heated to 165 ℃, potassium dichromate is reduced into trivalent chromium by organic matters in water, the content of the trivalent chromium is measured under a specific wavelength, and then the mass concentration of consumed oxygen (the amount of consumed dichromate ions corresponds to the amount of oxidizable organic matters) is converted according to the amount of the trivalent chromium ions to calculate the COD value.

However, in actual monitoring, it is found that many kinds of waste water, such as chemical waste water, monosodium glutamate waste water, marine product processing waste water, etc., have high chloride ion content, and COD determination needs to be performed after shielding the chloride ions. The traditional method is that the interference of chloride ions is eliminated by adding mercury sulfate, because the chloride ions and mercury ions can form very stable mercuric chloride, the mercuric chloride does not appear in COD detection light, thereby eliminating the interference of the chloride ions and improving the measurement accuracy. However, the method for eliminating mercury sulfate in advance can only eliminate water samples containing less than 2000mg/L of chlorine, and water samples containing too much chlorine still cause large deviation, so that the conventional COD liquid analyzer has certain anti-interference capability of chloride ions, but the measured value is still seriously high when high-chlorine low-COD wastewater is encountered.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or as implying any indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the term "comprises" and any variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

As shown in fig. 1, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a liquid detection apparatus including a reaction vessel 14, an absorption vessel 18, a multi-channel switching unit 16, and a communication line LT.

The reaction vessel 14 is provided at upper and lower portions thereof with at least one upper connection port a, a1 and at least one lower connection port b, respectively, and the absorption vessel 18 for accommodating an absorption material, and the first port LT1 of the communication line LT is connected to the upper connection ports a, a1.

The second port LT2 of the communication line LT projects into the absorption vessel 18 to be in contact with the absorption material.

The multi-channel switching unit 16 is provided with a common port g and N distribution ports h1, h2... Hn, wherein the common port g is communicated with the lower connecting port b, the common port g can be communicated with one or N distribution ports h1, h2... Hn or not, the distribution ports h1, h2... Hn are connected with liquid or air, N is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2,

the communication pipeline LT is provided with a first cut-off unit Ft in series, and a first driving unit Bt and/or a second driving unit Bj are/is connected between the common port g and the first cut-off unit Ft in series. With the arrangement, the air pipeline LQ and the communication pipeline LT can flexibly select the driving unit or the stopping unit according to actual requirements. At this time, the air line LQ may be provided with the third driving unit Bq and/or the third shut-off unit Fq, and the communication line LT between the connection port t and the connection port x (i.e., t-x line) may be provided with the first driving unit Bt and/or the first shut-off unit Ft.

Therefore, in the technical scheme of the application, the liquid detection device can separate the measured substance and the interfering substance by a chemical reaction, distillation, expulsion, heating or similar method, the measured substance or the interfering substance is pumped into the absorption container from the reaction container by the first driving unit, and then the measured substance is measured by a photometric method, a titration method or an electrochemical method, namely, the measured substance is measured after being purified, so that the interference is prevented from influencing the detection result, and the anti-interference effect is obtained.

The liquid detection device is suitable for the situation that the tested substance and the interfering substance can be separated by chemical reaction, distillation, expulsion, heating or similar methods, is particularly suitable for the detection of the COD content of high-chlorine wastewater, solves the problems that the traditional COD liquid analyzer is inaccurate in high-chlorine water sample test, easy to crystallize and unstable in measurement, and can quickly and accurately detect the COD content in the high-concentration chloride ion water sample.

Further illustrated, the reaction vessel 14 is used for reaction processing and/or detection analysis. The lower connection port b of the reaction container 14 communicates with a plurality of reagent containers and/or air. The reagent container can be used for containing different reagents such as distilled water, a water sample to be detected, standard liquid, a shielding agent, a color developing agent, cleaning liquid and the like.

As shown in fig. 2, the reaction vessel 14 further includes an upper cut-off unit Fa and a lower cut-off unit Fb, which may be high pressure valves.

The absorption vessel 18 is a vessel communicating with the atmosphere, and the absorption vessel 18 is filled with an absorbing material, which may be one or a combination of two or more of an acidic solution, an alkaline solution, and a porous adsorbent.

The communication line LT is preferably a thin channel made of a material including, but not limited to, various rubbers, plastics, metals, or the like. The thin channel can be a thin tube, and commonly used tubes include silicone rubber tubes, fluorine rubber tubes, polytetrafluoroethylene tubes and the like. The pore size of the fine channel is 0.05mm to 4mm, preferably 0.1mm to 3mm, and more preferably 0.5mm to 2mm.

In the present case, the inner diameter of the pipe (e.g., the communication pipe LT) is less than 4mm, and the inner diameter of the vessel (e.g., the reaction vessel 14 and the absorption vessel 18) is greater than or equal to 4mm. When the internal diameter of pipeline is less than the diameter of raffinate, can form the liquid section and assemble naturally and then seal the tubule, consequently, can carry out constant volume and feed liquor with the liquid sample of less volume, realize the analysis by detection of high accuracy, simultaneously, reduced detect reagent's quantity, the cost is reduced. And the container with larger aperture can increase the volume of the contained liquid and improve the liquid processing and analyzing speed.

Further, the flow path generally has a uniform inner diameter, but it may be designed to have a different inner diameter within a precision allowable range or at a position where a component (for example, the first drive unit Bt) is provided.

The working process of the liquid detection device is that a water sample to be detected is injected into the reaction container 14, then a detected substance or an interference substance escapes from the water sample to be detected in the form of gas or a compound through a chemical reaction, distillation, expulsion, heating or a similar method and enters the absorption container 18, and finally a detection reagent is injected to detect the substance in the container where the detected substance is located, so that the concentration of the detected substance in the water sample to be detected is obtained.

If the liquid detection device is used for measuring the COD content, concentrated sulfuric acid can be added into the reaction container 14 to react with a water sample to be measured, chloride ions are converted into a hydrochloric acid solution with strong volatility, the mixed solution volatilizes hydrogen chloride gas and is sucked into the absorption container 18 through the first driving unit Bt, and finally substances in the reaction container 14 are detected, so that the concentration of the substance to be measured in the water sample to be measured is obtained.

If the liquid detection device is used for determining the content of ammonia nitrogen, a sodium hydroxide solution can be added into the reaction container 14 to react with a water sample to be detected, the ammonia nitrogen is converted into gaseous ammonia gas, the gaseous ammonia gas is sucked into the absorption container 18 through the first driving unit Bt and is absorbed by the absorption material, and finally the material in the absorption container 18 is detected, so that the concentration of the material to be detected in the water sample to be detected is obtained.

The liquid detection apparatus shown in fig. 3 includes an auxiliary tank 12 disposed in series in a communication line LT, and the top and bottom of the auxiliary tank 12 are connected to a first port LT1 and a second port LT2, respectively. Preferably, the auxiliary container 12 is provided in the communication line LT between the reaction container 14 and the first cutoff unit Ft. The volume of the liquid contained can be increased by the provision of the auxiliary container 12 to prevent the liquid from being sucked back into the reaction vessel 14.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the liquid detection device includes an air line LQ provided with a third drive unit Bq and/or a third shut-off unit Fq, wherein the air line LQ extends from the upper connection port a, a1 to the connection port q, or the air line LQ extends from the connection port t on the pipe wall of the communication line LT to the connection port q.

As shown in fig. 1, the air line LQ extends from the upper connection port a to the connection port q in the upper portion of the reaction vessel 14, the air line LQ is provided with the third driving unit Bq, and the communication line LT is provided with the first cut-off unit Ft.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the air line LQ extends from the connection port t to the connection port q on the pipe wall of the communication line LT, the second driving unit Bj is provided to the g-t section of the liquid detection apparatus shown in fig. 4, the third driving unit Bq is provided to the air line LQ, and the first cut-off unit Ft is provided to the t-x section of the communication line LT. In the liquid detecting apparatus shown in fig. 5, the second driving unit Bj is provided at a section g-t of the pipeline, and the cut-off units Fq, ft are provided at sections t-x of the air pipeline LQ and the communicating pipeline LT.

Preferably, the driving unit Bq, bj may be a peristaltic pump, the stopping unit Ft, fq may be a stop valve, and the peristaltic pump is a device or a combination of devices that can drive liquid in forward and reverse directions (sometimes only using its function of driving in a certain direction) and can stop and close the pipeline when the pump is at rest. A shut-off valve is a device or combination of devices that can shut off the function of closing a certain line. The stop valve may be a diaphragm type valve, a pipe clamping type valve or a rotary ball valve, etc., but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the stop valve may be replaced by a three-way valve or other reasonable devices.

In order to improve the liquid metering precision, the liquid detection device comprises at least one of a liquid detector S and a constant volume pipeline LD.

The liquid detector is used for sensing whether liquid reaches the appointed position in the flow path, thereby accurately positioning the positions of the water head and the water tail, improving the metering precision, avoiding the waste of an overshoot reagent during liquid inlet, and simultaneously improving the liquid inlet efficiency. Preferably, the liquid detector S is provided in the metering line LJ between the common port g and the lower connection port b.

The metering of liquid is realized through the mode of overflow to constant volume pipeline LD, is provided with at least one connector d on the pipe wall of measurement pipeline LJ, and connector d is connected with constant volume pipeline LD. The flow direction of the liquid is simply controlled through the fourth peristaltic pump Bd, and the volume capacity is determined in a mode that the liquid flows out of the constant volume pipeline LD, so that the system cost can be greatly reduced.

Under the preferred circumstances, liquid detection device is provided with a plurality of constant volume pipeline LDs to carry out the high accuracy constant volume to different liquid, avoid the cross contamination between reagent and water sample, possible concurrent liquid of launching simultaneously, the quantity of constant volume pipeline LD can set up according to actual conditions.

Further, the liquid detection device includes at least one of a control unit, a heating unit, a temperature control unit, and a detection unit 22.

The control unit is used for controlling the driving units Bt, bq, bj and/or the cut-off units Ft, fq.

The heating unit is disposed outside the reaction vessel 14 and heats the reaction vessel 14.

The temperature control unit is used for detecting the temperature of the reaction container 14.

The detection unit 22 includes a light emitting device or a light receiving device disposed at both sides of the reaction container 14 or the absorption container 18.

The application also provides an anti-interference water quality detection method, which utilizes any one of the liquid detection devices and comprises the following steps:

1) The absorption vessel 18 is filled with an absorbing substance;

2) Injecting a water sample to be tested into the reaction container 14;

3) The tested substance or the interfering substance escapes from the water sample to be tested in the form of gas or compound and enters the absorption container 18;

4) And injecting a detection reagent to detect the substance in the container of the detected substance, so as to obtain the concentration of the detected substance in the water sample to be detected.

The detection method of the present application will be specifically described below by taking the detection of the COD content in water quality detection as an example.

When the water quality detection device shown in fig. 1 of the application is used for water quality detection, the connection of the distribution ports h1 and h2..

h1 port: distilled water h2 port: water sample h3 port to be tested: a concentrated sulfuric acid solution h5 port: silver sulfate and potassium dichromate solution h6 port: waste liquid port

h7 port: air port x port: sodium hydroxide solution

The method for detecting the water quality by adopting the water quality detection device shown in the figure 1 comprises the following steps:

1) The absorber 18 is filled with an absorbing substance (e.g., sodium hydroxide solution);

2) The common port g and the distribution port h2 of the multichannel switching unit 16 are connected, the first stopping unit Ft is closed, the second driving unit Bj and the third driving unit Bq rotate anticlockwise, and a water sample to be detected is injected into the reaction container 14;

it should be noted that, when the first cut-off unit Ft is opened, it is in a flow state; when the first cut-off unit Ft is closed, it is in a cut-off state.

3) The common port g and the distribution port h3 of the multi-channel switching unit 16 are turned on, the first cut-off unit Ft is closed, the second driving unit Bj and the third driving unit Bq are rotated counterclockwise, a concentrated sulfuric acid solution is injected into the reaction vessel 14, the common port g and the distribution port h7 of the multi-channel switching unit 16 are turned on, the third driving unit Bq is not moved, the first cut-off unit Ft is turned on, and the temperature inside the reaction vessel 14 is controlled to be increased to 100 ℃. The chloride ions can chemically react with concentrated sulfuric acid, the hydrogen chloride generated by the reaction is dissolved in the mixed solution to become a hydrochloric acid solution, and the hydrochloric acid solution is highly volatile, so that the mixed solution can volatilize hydrogen chloride gas.

Preferably, in order to make the chloride ions of the indicator to be detected in the reaction container 14 completely escape and enter the absorption container 18, the second driving unit Bj is controlled to rotate counterclockwise, and the auxiliary gas is continuously blown into the reaction container 14 for 5 minutes, so as to convert the chloride ions of the indicator to be detected in the water sample to gaseous hydrogen chloride to escape, and the gaseous hydrogen chloride enters the absorption container 18 through the communication pipeline LT and is absorbed by the absorption material (such as sodium hydroxide solution), so that the direct discharge to the air is prevented, and the air pollution or possible poisoning is avoided.

The auxiliary gas may be air or other inert gas that does not react with the target to be measured and various reagents used. The assist gas is blown into the reaction container 14 by the driving of the second driving unit Bj, and then enters the absorption container 18 through the communication pipe LT, and the target gas to be measured taken out by the assist gas is absorbed by the absorbent. The assist gas also actually serves to agitate the liquid in reaction vessel 14 and absorber vessel 18.

4) After chloride ions in the mixed solution are removed, a public port g and a distribution port h5 of the multi-channel switching unit 16 are connected, a first stopping unit Ft is closed, a second driving unit Bj and a third driving unit Bq rotate anticlockwise, a mixed solution of potassium dichromate and silver sulfate in a certain proportion is injected into a reaction container 14, the pressure in the reaction container 14 reaches a preset pressure, the mixed solution is heated to 165 ℃ for digestion, the digestion process is maintained for 30 minutes, the potassium dichromate is reduced into trivalent chromium ions (Cr 3 +), and then the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃;

5) The concentration of the tested substance in the original water sample is obtained through conversion calculation by comparing the absorbance change of the solution in the reaction container 14 before and after color development or comparing the color change of the indicator before and after absorption;

after the above-described detection is completed, the liquid in the reaction vessel 14 and/or the absorption vessel 18 is discharged and washed.

In steps 2) to 4) of the above method, the method comprises quantitatively sampling the water sample or reagent to be measured from the container into the reaction container 14 and/or the absorption container 18, wherein the quantitative sampling process comprises the following steps:

firstly, switching a multi-channel direction selection valve to a port to be sampled in distribution ports h1-h7, and enabling a common port g of the multi-channel direction selection valve to be communicated with the port to be sampled;

secondly, under the drive of a third driving unit Bq and a second driving unit Bj, liquid corresponding to a port to be sampled is sucked into the metering pipeline LJ, when the liquid level detector S detects that the liquid reaches the position of the liquid level detector S, the liquid level detector S sends a signal, the third driving unit Bq and the second driving unit Bj stop immediately or stop working after a period of time delay, and the liquid to be sampled stays in the metering pipeline LJ; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

under the drive of the fourth driving unit Bd or the third driving unit Bq, a liquid head to be fed is made to approach a connecting port d of the circulation metering pipeline 11, then the third driving unit Bq is not moved, the fourth driving unit Bd rotates clockwise, and liquid flows into the quantitative pipeline LD or overflows from a port e of the quantitative pipeline LD;

thirdly, switching the multi-channel direction selection valve to an auxiliary gas port h7 in the distribution ports h1-h7, wherein a common port g of the multi-channel direction selection valve is communicated with the auxiliary gas port h 7;

and fourthly, under the driving of the third driving unit Bq and the second driving unit Bj, all the water sample or the reagent to be measured staying in the metering pipeline LJ enters the reaction container 14.

For a high-concentration water sample to be detected, the water sample to be detected can be diluted and then measured. In the above measurement method, the method of diluting the water sample to be measured in step 2) includes the following substeps:

2.1 A sample of water to be tested is injected into the reaction vessel 14;

2.2 Injecting distilled water into the reaction vessel 14 to dilute the water sample to be tested;

2.3 Liquid in the reaction vessel 14 is drained until the water tail reaches the liquid level detector S;

2.4 The diluted water sample remaining in the metering line LJ is injected into the reaction vessel 14;

and repeating the steps 2.2) to 2.4) according to the requirement until the concentration of the water sample to be detected is diluted to a preset value.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and the measurement may be performed after the absorbent is diluted after the target to be measured is ejected into the absorption container 18 for the water sample with high concentration.

The above method for detecting chloride ions in a water sample to be detected can be used for other indicators to be detected, such as cyanide, sulfide, etc., after replacing corresponding reagents, and certainly, the liquid detection device is not limited to this detection method, and other reasonable detection methods can also be adopted.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme according to the application has the following advantages:

1. the water quality analyzer adopts the liquid detection device, can separate a detected substance from an interfering substance by a chemical reaction, distillation, expulsion, heating or similar method, and then measures the detected substance by a photometric method, a titration method or an electrochemical method, namely, the detected substance is purified and then measured, so that the interference substance is prevented from influencing a detection result.

2. The liquid detection device has simple and reliable structure, the flow path can detect different indexes through as few devices as possible, and the reproducibility is good.

3. The COD content detection device is particularly suitable for detecting the COD content of high-chlorine wastewater, solves the problems that the traditional COD determinator is inaccurate in high-chlorine water sample testing, easy to crystallize and unstable in measurement, and can quickly and accurately detect out the COD content in a high-concentration chloride ion water sample.

The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A liquid detection device, comprising:

a reaction vessel (14) provided with at least one upper connection port (a, a 1) and at least one lower connection port (b) at the upper and lower portions of the reaction vessel (14), respectively;

an absorption container (18), the absorption container (18) being used for containing an absorption material;

a communication Line (LT) having a first port (LT 1) connected to the upper connection port (a, a 1) and a second port (LT 2) extending into the absorption vessel (18) to be in contact with the absorption material; and

the multichannel switching unit (16) is provided with a common port (g) and N distribution ports (h 1, h2... Hn), the common port (g) is communicated with the lower connecting port (b), the common port (g) can be communicated with one or more distribution ports (h 1, h2... Hn) or not communicated with the lower connecting port (b), the distribution ports (h 1, h2... Hn) are connected with liquid or air, and N is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2;

wherein a first cut-off unit (Ft) is provided in series in the communication pipe (LT), and a first drive unit (Bt) and/or a second drive unit (Bj) are connected in series between the common port (g) and the first cut-off unit (Ft).

2. Liquid detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid detection device comprises an air Line (LQ) provided with a third drive unit (Bq) and/or a third shut-off unit (Fq), wherein,

the air Line (LQ) extends from the upper connection port (a, a 1) to the connection port q, or,

the air Line (LQ) extends from a connection port t to a connection port q on a pipe wall of the communication Line (LT).

3. Liquid detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit (Bq, bj) is a peristaltic pump and/or the shut-off unit (Ft, fq) is a shut-off valve.

4. Liquid detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the multi-channel switching unit (16) is a multi-channel selector valve or a combination of other valve and/or pump means consisting of a plurality of channels and a plurality of shut-off valves or peristaltic pumps.

5. The liquid detection device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid detection device comprises at least one of a liquid detector (S) and a constant volume pipeline (LD), the liquid detector (S) is arranged in the metering pipeline (LJ) between the common port (g) and the lower connection port (b), and/or at least one connection port (d) is arranged on the pipe wall of the metering pipeline (LJ), and the constant volume pipeline (LD) is connected to the connection port (d).

6. The liquid detection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the constant volume Line (LD) is provided with a fourth driving unit (Bd) in series.

7. The liquid detection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the liquid detection apparatus comprises at least one of a control unit, a heating unit, a temperature control unit, and a detection unit (22), wherein,

the control unit is used for controlling the driving unit (Bt, bq, bj) and/or the cut-off unit (Ft, fq);

the heating unit is arranged outside the reaction container (14) and used for heating the reaction container (14);

the temperature control unit is used for detecting the temperature of the reaction container (14); and

the detection unit (22) includes a light emitting device or a light receiving device disposed at both sides of the reaction container (14) or the absorption container (18).

8. The liquid detection apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary container (12) connected in series in the communication Line (LT), the top and bottom of the auxiliary container (12) being connected to the first port (LT 1) and the second port (LT 2), respectively.

9. The liquid detection apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary container (12) is connected in series in a communication Line (LT) between the reaction container (14) and the first cutoff unit (Ft).

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