CN218882369U

CN218882369U - Cylinder head, engine and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN218882369U
Application number: CN202222835337.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张善永; 唐国鹏; 魏广斌; 张彦鹏
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-26
Filing date: 2022-10-26
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a cylinder cover, an engine and a vehicle; the utility model relates to an engine field, the channel that forms to the throat region at present is relatively poor to the guide ability of air current, influences the problem of the motion smoothness degree of air current in the channel, from the processing of throat position formation for the drainage channel of valve axis slope, the drainage channel axis is the acute angle with the valve axial and arranges, leads in advance to the air current that gets into the drainage channel to can dodge the cooling chamber distribution position, be favorable to the motion of air current, promote the air flue performance guarantee ability.

Description

Cylinder head, engine and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engine field, in particular to cylinder head, engine and vehicle.

Background

The throat structure of the air passage of the cylinder head of the diesel engine is shown in figures 1 and 2 at present. For a tangential air inlet, a throat structure shown in fig. 1 is generally adopted, the throat is processed in a vertical direction, a conical structure is mostly adopted to be matched with an air passage oblique angle for guiding the air flow throat processing, and due to the space limitation of the conical structure, the shaping processing area of the air passage throat is smaller, and the performance guarantee capability for the air passage is weak; in addition, because the conical structure is processed into a rotary structure, a sharp corner and a sharp edge are formed on the other side, and the reliability of airflow and the cylinder cover is not good.

For the exhaust passage throat structure, the throat is processed in the vertical direction, and in order to guide airflow to be exhausted, pear-shaped processing is mostly adopted for processing the throat, as shown in figure 2; the exhaust passage is inclined towards the exhaust port, but the throat structure is in a vertical direction, the direction of the throat structure is not uniform with the direction of the air passage, and the air passage has certain energy loss; due to the cooling requirement of the exhaust passage, the water cavity is arranged around the exhaust passage for cooling, the exhaust passage is limited by the water cavity structure, the throat opening cannot be machined too high, and the performance guarantee capability of the air passage is reduced.

At present, the throat positions of an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel are in the vertical direction during machining, the air inlet channel and the air exhaust channel are influenced by the machining positions, the guide capacity of the channel formed in the throat area to air flow is poor, and the movement fluency of the air flow in the channel is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the defect that prior art exists, provide a cylinder head, engine and vehicle, form the drainage channel for the valve axis slope from throat position processing, the drainage channel axis is the acute angle with the valve axial and arranges, leads in advance to the air current that gets into drainage channel to can dodge cooling chamber distribution position, be favorable to the motion of air current, promote air flue performance assurance ability, avoid producing the air current dead zone of flowing.

The utility model discloses a first purpose provides a cylinder head adopts following technical scheme:

the gas channel comprises an air passage, a drainage passage and a throat opening which are sequentially communicated, the axis of the drainage passage is a straight line, and a first included angle is formed between the axis and the axis of the valve matched with the throat opening, so that the gas entering the drainage passage is output after being pre-guided; the first included angle is an acute angle.

Furthermore, a second included angle is formed between the axis of the drainage channel and the vertical surface of the axis of the matched crankshaft, and the second included angle is 0 degree or an acute angle.

Further, the angle interval of the second included angle is [0 degrees, 45 degrees ].

Further, the valve rod of the valve penetrates through the drainage channel, and the head of the valve is matched with the throat to open or close the gas channel.

Furthermore, a seat ring is installed at the throat position, and the head of the valve is matched with the seat ring.

Furthermore, the butt joint position of the drainage channel and the air passage is in smooth transition, and the butt joint position of the drainage channel and the laryngeal opening is in smooth transition.

Furthermore, the drainage channel is provided with a straight line segment, the inner wall of the drainage channel corresponding to the straight line segment is a circumferential surface, one end of the straight line segment is in butt joint with the air passage, and the other end of the straight line segment is in butt joint with the throat.

Further, a cooling cavity is circumferentially arranged around the gas passage in the cylinder head.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an engine utilizing the cylinder head as described in the first object.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle using the engine as described in the first object.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effect be:

(1) Aiming at the problems that the guide capability of a channel formed in the throat area to the air flow is poor and the movement smoothness of the air flow in the channel is influenced, a drainage channel inclined relative to the axis of the air valve is formed by processing the throat position, the axis of the drainage channel and the axial direction of the air valve are arranged in an acute angle, the air flow entering the drainage channel is guided in advance, the distribution position of a cooling cavity can be avoided, the movement of the air flow is facilitated, and the capability of guaranteeing the air passage performance is improved.

(2) For the air inlet tangential air passage, a drainage channel which is obliquely arranged is processed from the throat position of the cylinder cover, so that the direction of air flow can be adjusted, and the effects of organizing air flow and adjusting the vortex ratio of the air passage are achieved; meanwhile, the obliquely arranged drainage channels can increase the processing depth, avoid the position of a cooling cavity in the cylinder cover, reduce the influence of the cooling cavity on processing, and enhance the performance guarantee capability of the air passage.

(3) The positions of the butt joint throat and the air passage of the drainage channel are in smooth transition, so that sharp edges, sharp corners and other structures which appear after the throat of the tangential air inlet channel is processed can be avoided, the reliability of the cylinder cover is improved, and the dead zone of air flow is avoided.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a throat of an existing air intake in the background art and in

embodiments

1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the throat of the existing exhaust passage in the background art and in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the gas passage at the gas inlet position in

embodiments

1 and 2 and 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the angle formed between the drainage channel and the vertical plane of the crankshaft axis in

embodiments

1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the gas passage at the exhaust position in

embodiments

1 and 2 and 3 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-throat, 2-drainage channel, 3-air channel, 4-seat ring and 5-cylinder cover.

Detailed Description

Example 1

In a typical embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a cylinder head is provided.

The throat structure of the air passage 3 of the cylinder head 5 of the diesel engine is generally shown in figures 1 and 2 at present.

For the tangential air inlet 3 throat structure, the throat 1 is processed in the vertical direction, and a conical structure is matched with the air passage 3 in an oblique angle to organize air flow to form in-cylinder vortex, as shown in figure 1. Due to the space limitation of the conical structure, the shaping processing area of the air passage 3 is smaller, and the performance guarantee capability of the air passage 3 is weak; because the conical structure is processed into a rotary structure, a sharp corner and a sharp edge are formed on the other side, and the reliability of the airflow and the cylinder cover 5 is not good.

For the exhaust passage 3, the throat 1 is processed in a vertical direction, and in order to guide the exhaust of airflow, the throat 1 is mostly processed in a pear shape, as shown in fig. 2. The exhaust passage 3 is inclined towards the exhaust port, but the throat structure is in a vertical direction, the direction of the throat structure is not uniform with that of the air passage 3, and the air passage 3 has certain energy loss; because the cooling demand of the exhaust passage 3, the water cavity is arranged around the exhaust passage 3 for cooling, the exhaust passage is limited by the water cavity structure, the throat 1 cannot be processed too high, and the performance guarantee capability of the air passage 3 is reduced.

Based on this, this embodiment provides a cylinder head, sets up gas passage in inside, sets up drainage channel 2 between 3 sections of air flue and the laryngeal opening 1 of gas passage, and drainage channel 2 adopts the slope structure, leads and exports in advance the inside air current that gets into, and it is more smooth and easy when making the air current flow in gas passage, improves the assurance ability of gas passage to the air current performance.

The cylinder head provided in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 3, a gas passage, which may be an exhaust passage or an intake passage, is provided inside the cylinder head 5. The gas channel comprises an air passage 3, a drainage channel 2 and a throat 1 which are sequentially communicated according to the positions of the gas channel, the axis of the drainage channel 2 is a straight line, the drainage channel 2 can be obtained by linear machining through machining heads such as a conical head or a pear-shaped head, and during machining, the machining head feeds from the position of the throat 1 to the direction of the drainage channel 2.

The axis of the drainage channel 2 and the axis of the valve matched with the throat 1 form a first included angle so as to output the gas entering the drainage channel 2 after pre-guiding, and the first included angle is an acute angle. Because the first included angle is an acute angle, the trend of the drainage channel 2 is close to the trend of the air passage 3 and the trend of the throat 1, a transition structure is formed between the air passage 3 and the throat 1, and the airflow can gently turn and then enter the drainage channel 2, and then is output to the outside of the drainage channel 2 after gently turning, so that the movement of the airflow in the air channel is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the butt joint position of the drainage channel 2 and the air passage 3 is in smooth transition, the butt joint position of the drainage channel 2 and the throat 1 is in smooth transition, the drainage channel 2 is provided with a straight line segment, the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 corresponding to the straight line segment is a circumferential surface, one end of the straight line segment is in butt joint with the air passage 3, and the other end of the straight line segment is in butt joint with the throat 1.

It can be understood that, drainage channel 2's straightway can feed the processing through the processing head and acquire, drainage channel 2 both ends can be realized through the later stage processing with other position gas passage's smooth transition, and simultaneously, acquire drainage channel 2 back in the processing, because drainage channel 2 arranges for the slope,

drainage channel

2 and 3 butt joint positions of air flue, drainage channel 2 also can form comparatively smooth transition structure with 1 butt joint position of larynx mouth, avoid forming the air current flow blind spot that sharp-pointed edge formed.

If the cylinder cover 5 is a casting part, the air passage 3 is formed by casting, when the drainage channel 2 section is obtained by machining, the feeding path of the machining head coincides with the reserved air passage 3, the end part of the machining head is conical, a transition structure of a conical surface can be formed at the end part of the straight line section, and smooth transition from the air passage 3 section to the drainage channel 2 section is formed.

The position of the throat 1 can be processed in a reaming mode after the drainage channel 2 is processed, so that the throat 1 forms a position for installing the seat ring 4, and the throat 1 and the valve are coaxially arranged.

With reference to fig. 3 and 4, while the flow guide channel 2 is obliquely arranged to form a first included angle, a second included angle is formed between the axis of the flow guide channel 2 and the perpendicular surface of the axis of the crankshaft, the second included angle is 0 ° or an acute angle, and the second included angle is determined according to the trend of the gas channel.

As shown in fig. 3, the first included angle is an inclination angle α formed between the axis of the flow guide channel 2 of the gas channel and the central axis of the valve stem of the cylinder head 5, and α is an acute angle, in the embodiment, the range of α is (0 °,25 °), as shown in fig. 4, the second included angle is an angle β formed between the axis of the flow guide channel 2 and the central vertical plane of the engine crankshaft, the range of β is [0 °,45 °), and the determination of β is determined according to the trend of the gas channel 3.

When the gas channel is used as an air inlet channel or an air exhaust channel, the flow guide channel 2 in the cylinder cover 5 is obliquely arranged, so that the direction of the gas flow can be adjusted, and the effects of organizing the gas flow and adjusting the vortex ratio of the gas channel 3 are achieved. The flow guide channel 2 which is obliquely arranged tends to be consistent with the direction of the airflow in the air channel, so that the airflow movement is facilitated.

Meanwhile, when the gas channel is used as an exhaust channel, the drainage channel 2 in the cylinder cover 5 is arranged obliquely, so that the processing depth is deeper, the influence of the water cavity of the cylinder cover 5 is reduced, and the performance guarantee capability of the gas channel 3 is enhanced.

Through the inside processing drainage channel 2 in 1 position of larynx mouth, drainage channel 2 butt joint air flue 3 department, drainage channel 2 butt joint 1 department of larynx mouth all are mild obtuse angle to can avoid inserting sharp limit, closed angle isotructure that appears after 3, the processing of access larynx mouth 1 along the tangential, improve cylinder head 5's reliability, avoid producing the air current and flow the blind spot.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, with respect to the inclination of the internal flow passage 2 in the cylinder head 5, one direction is the inclination with respect to the valve axis, and the other direction is the inclination with respect to the perpendicular plane to the axis of the engine drive shaft to which the cylinder head 5 is fitted.

Meanwhile, the structure of the drainage channel 2 is matched with the shape of the throat 1 of the gas channel, so that different processing heads can be selected to obtain required shapes and specifications, and the shape requirements of different cylinder covers 5 on the gas channel are met.

Example 2

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an engine is provided, as shown in fig. 1-5.

The engine in the present embodiment utilizes the cylinder head as in embodiment 1.

It is understood that the cylinder head described above is mounted on the cylinder block of the engine; since the engine is provided with the cylinder head as in embodiment 1, the beneficial effects brought by the cylinder head are shown in embodiment 1 and are not described in detail herein.

For other structures in the engine not mentioned, an existing structure may be adopted.

Example 3

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, as shown in fig. 1-5.

The vehicle in the present embodiment utilizes the engine as in embodiment 1.

It is understood that the vehicle is equipped with the engine described above; since the engine as in embodiment 1 is mounted on the vehicle, the beneficial effects brought by the engine are seen in embodiment 1, and are not described herein.

As for other structures in the vehicle not mentioned, an existing structure may be adopted.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder cover is characterized by comprising a gas channel positioned in the cylinder cover, wherein the gas channel comprises a gas passage, a drainage channel and a throat which are sequentially communicated, the axis of the drainage channel is a straight line, and a first included angle is formed between the axis and the axis of the valve matched with the throat so as to output gas entering the drainage channel after pre-guiding; the first included angle is an acute angle.

2. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein the axis of the flow-directing passage forms a second angle with a perpendicular to the axis of the associated crankshaft, the second angle being 0 ° or an acute angle.

3. The cylinder head of claim 2, wherein said second included angle has an angular extent of [0 °,45 ° ].

4. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein the stem of the valve passes through the bleed passage and the head of the valve engages the throat to open or close the gas passage.

5. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein the throat location mounts a seat ring, and the valve head fits the seat ring.

6. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein the transition between the location where the flow-directing passage meets the air passage is smooth, and the transition between the location where the flow-directing passage meets the throat is smooth.

7. The cylinder cover of claim 6, wherein the flow guide channel is provided with a straight line section, the inner wall of the flow guide channel corresponding to the straight line section is in a circumferential surface, one end of the straight line section is in butt joint with the air passage, and the other end of the straight line section is in butt joint with the throat.

8. The cylinder head of claim 1, wherein cooling cavities are disposed circumferentially around the gas passages within the cylinder head.

9. An engine characterized by using the cylinder head according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized by using the engine according to claim 9.