CN218867380U

CN218867380U - Patch antenna

Info

Publication number: CN218867380U
Application number: CN202223263753.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓乂铭; 薛富林; 许拓
Original assignee: CICT Mobile Communication Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: CICT Mobile Communication Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-06
Filing date: 2022-12-06
Publication date: 2023-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-06

Abstract

The utility model relates to a communication equipment technical field provides a patch antenna. The patch antenna includes: the surface mounting structure comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate, wherein a patch oscillator array and a ground layer are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in the thickness direction; the second medium substrate is provided with a loading piece array, the second medium substrate is positioned on one side, away from the first medium substrate, of the patch oscillator array and is connected to the first medium substrate through a supporting piece, and a plurality of radiation loading pieces of the loading piece array correspond to a plurality of micro-strip patch oscillators of the patch oscillator array one to one. The patch antenna can reduce the structural difference caused by the assembly of each radiating unit, thereby improving the consistency of the electrical performance of each radiating unit on the antenna, and improving the convenience of antenna installation and the production efficiency of the antenna.

Description

Patch antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a communication equipment technical field especially relates to a patch antenna.

Background

With the gradual advance of 5G business, the demand of various types of array antennas continues to increase. Since the 5G communication uses a high frequency band and the antenna coverage radius is smaller than that of 4G, more antennas need to be supplemented to meet the requirement of large-scale coverage.

The array space of the 5G antenna is narrower than that of the conventional array antenna, so that a radiating unit with small space, small volume, high isolation, stable gain and wide frequency band is required. At present, a low-profile radiating element in the form of a patch oscillator matched with a radiation loading piece is widely used. However, as the number of patch oscillators increases, the overall structure of the array is complex, which causes inconvenience in installation and also easily affects the consistency of the electrical performance of each oscillator due to the flip or rotation of the loading plate.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a patch antenna for solve among the prior art the radiating element structure of the patch oscillator form of collocation radiation loading piece and the problem that the electric performance uniformity of installation complicacy and each oscillator is poor.

The utility model provides a patch antenna, include:

the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate, wherein a patch oscillator array and a ground layer are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in the thickness direction;

the second medium substrate is provided with a loading piece array, the second medium substrate is positioned on one side, away from the first medium substrate, of the patch oscillator array and is connected to the first medium substrate through a supporting piece, and a plurality of radiation loading pieces of the loading piece array correspond to a plurality of micro-strip patch oscillators of the patch oscillator array one to one.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, support piece's quantity is a plurality of, and is a plurality of support piece encircle distribute in around the patch oscillator array.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, support piece includes support column, first connecting piece and second connecting piece, the support column is equipped with spacing portion, the both ends of support column respectively with first connecting piece with the second connecting piece is connected, first medium base plate press from both sides tightly in first connecting piece with between the spacing portion, second medium base plate press from both sides tightly in the second connecting piece with between the spacing portion.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, the both ends of support column respectively with first connecting piece with second connecting piece threaded connection.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, microstrip paster oscillator is the rectangle structure, microstrip paster oscillator is located the correspondence radiation adds the slide glass and is in the orthographic projection region on the first medium base plate.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, radiation adds the slide and is equipped with the rectangle opening respectively for rectangle structure and its four edges, is located two relatively respectively the rectangle opening about the central line mutual symmetry of radiation adds the slide.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, still be equipped with feed structure on the first medium base plate, each microstrip paster oscillator corresponds and is connected with one feed structure, feed structure including connect respectively in the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line of microstrip paster oscillator, -45 polarization are aimed at to first microstrip line, microstrip line +45 polarization are aimed at to the second microstrip line.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, microstrip paster oscillator is connected the correspondence respectively in its both sides of arranging the orientation one end first microstrip line with the second microstrip line, connect in same microstrip paster oscillator first microstrip line with the second microstrip line about the central line mutual symmetry of microstrip paster oscillator.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna still includes:

the first microstrip line is electrically connected with the first connector, and the second microstrip line is electrically connected with the second connector.

According to the utility model provides a pair of patch antenna, be equipped with a plurality ofly on the first medium base plate paster oscillator array, the quantity of second medium base plate is a plurality of, and is a plurality of second medium base plate and a plurality of paster oscillator array one-to-one sets up.

The utility model provides a patch antenna, through the modularized design, add a plurality of radiations on the slide glass polymerization to a second medium base plate, then pass through support piece and the assembly of first medium base plate with the second medium base plate, form double-deck base plate structure's simplification array radiating element, this structure is favorable to improving a plurality of radiations and adds the uniformity of slide glass and the microstrip patch oscillator interval that corresponds between, reduce the structural difference that leads to each radiating element to appear because of the assembly, thereby improve the uniformity of each radiating element's electrical property on the antenna, and can also improve the installation convenience, thereby improve the production efficiency of antenna.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the following embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a partial structure of a patch antenna provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of a patch antenna portion structure provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a rear view of the patch antenna of fig. 2;

fig. 4 is a side view of a patch antenna portion structure provided by the present invention.

Reference numerals:

10. a first dielectric substrate; 11. a patch oscillator array; 111. a microstrip patch vibrator; 12. a feed structure; 121. a first microstrip line; 122. a second microstrip line; 20. a second dielectric substrate; 21. loading the chip array; 211. irradiating the loading sheet; 2111. a rectangular opening; 30. a support member; 31. a support column; 32. a first connecting member; 33. a second connecting member; 41. a first connector; 42. a second connector.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for the sake of clarity in describing the numbering of the product parts and do not represent any material difference. The directions of "up", "down", "left" and "right" are all based on the directions shown in the drawings. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The patch antenna of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

As shown in fig. 1, the patch antenna provided by the present invention includes a first dielectric substrate 10 and a second dielectric substrate 20. The first dielectric substrate 10 has a patch oscillator array 11 and a ground layer on both surfaces in the thickness direction. An array of loading tabs 21 is provided on the second dielectric substrate 20. The second dielectric substrate 20 is located on the side of the patch vibrator array 11 away from the first dielectric substrate 10, and is connected to the first dielectric substrate 10 through a support member 30. The plurality of radiation loading chips 211 of the loading chip array 21 correspond to the plurality of microstrip patch elements 111 of the patch element array 11 one by one.

The patch oscillator array 11 at least comprises two microstrip patch oscillators 111, and the loading plate array 21 at least comprises two radiation loading plates 211. The first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 may each be a PCB substrate and have a top surface and a bottom surface, and the second dielectric substrate 20 is located on the top surface side of the first dielectric substrate 10. The microstrip patch oscillator 111 is a metal layer disposed on the top surface of the first dielectric substrate 10, the ground layer is a metal layer disposed on the bottom surface of the first dielectric substrate 10, and the radiation loading plate 211 is a metal layer disposed on the top surface or the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate 20.

The plurality of microstrip patch oscillators 111 of the patch oscillator array 11 and the plurality of radiation loading plates 211 of the loading plate array 21 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each microstrip patch oscillator 111 and a corresponding radiation loading plate 211 form a low-profile radiation unit. The patch oscillator array 11 and the loading plate array 21 are both n × m rectangular arrays, where n is a natural number greater than 1, and m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

It is understood that a plurality of radiation loading chips 211 corresponding to the same patch element array 11 are integrated on the same second dielectric substrate 20 to form a radiation loading chip module. The support member 30 serves as a structural support between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20, so that the radiation loading chip 211 is spaced apart from the microstrip patch element 111. Alternatively, in order to avoid the influence of the electrical index of the radiation unit, the support member 30 is made of plastic.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a patch antenna through the modularized design, with a plurality of radiation loading pieces 211 polymerization to a second medium base plate 20 on, then with second medium base plate 20 through support piece 30 and the assembly of first medium base plate 10, form double-deck base plate structure's simplification array radiating element. This structure is favorable to improving the uniformity of the interval between a plurality of radiation loading pieces 211 and the microstrip paster oscillator 111 that corresponds, reduces the structural difference that leads to each radiating element to appear because of the assembly to improve the uniformity of each radiating element's on the antenna electrical properties, and can also improve the installation convenience, thereby improve the production efficiency of antenna.

The utility model discloses some embodiments are equipped with a plurality of paster oscillator arrays 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10, and is corresponding, and the quantity of second dielectric substrate 20 is a plurality of, a plurality of second dielectric substrates 20 and a plurality of paster oscillator array 11 one-to-one setting.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific example, two patch element arrays 11 are disposed on a first dielectric substrate 10, and a patch antenna includes two second dielectric substrates 20. It should be noted that, in order to clearly show the structure of the patch antenna of the present invention, a radiation loading module is hidden in both fig. 1 and fig. 2. Each patch element array 11 includes three microstrip patch elements 111 arranged along a straight line. The two second dielectric substrates 20 are respectively located above the two patch oscillator arrays 11, and the loading chip array 21 on each second dielectric substrate 20 includes three radiation loading chips 211, so that each radiation loading module and one patch oscillator array 11 form three low-profile radiation units.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the supporting members 30 is multiple, and a plurality of supporting members 30 are distributed around the patch vibrator array 11.

It can be understood that a plurality of supporting members 30 are disposed around the patch oscillator array 11 at intervals and near the edge of the second dielectric substrate 20 to stably support the second dielectric substrate 20, so as to ensure the consistency of the distance between the second dielectric substrate 20 and the first dielectric substrate 10. The number and specific positions of the supporting members 30 can be set according to the size and structural strength of the second dielectric substrate 20.

As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting member 30 includes a supporting column 31, a first connecting member 32 and a second connecting member 33. The supporting column 31 is provided with a limiting part, and two ends of the supporting column 31 are respectively connected with the first connecting piece 32 and the second connecting piece 33. The first dielectric substrate 10 is clamped between the first connecting piece 32 and the limiting part, and the second dielectric substrate 20 is clamped between the second connecting piece 33 and the limiting part.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of first through holes are formed in the first dielectric substrate 10, and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the second dielectric substrate 20, one to one with respect to the plurality of first through holes. The plurality of first through holes, the plurality of second through holes and the plurality of support columns 31 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two ends of the support columns 31 penetrate through the corresponding first through holes and the corresponding second through holes respectively.

The support column 31 is provided with a large-diameter section and small-diameter sections connected to two ends of the large-diameter section respectively, the large-diameter section of the support column 31 is supported between the first medium substrate 10 and the second medium substrate 20, and the two small-diameter sections penetrate through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively and are connected and locked with the first connecting piece 32 and the second connecting piece 33 respectively. By arranging the limiting part on the supporting column 31, the distance between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 can be accurately limited, the distance between the two substrates at each supporting part 30 is equal, and the installation and the positioning are facilitated.

The supporting column 31 may be a cylindrical structure with a cross section of a circle, a square or other polygon. A plurality of support posts 31 are circumferentially distributed around the patch element array 11.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the two ends of the supporting column 31 are respectively connected to the first connecting member 32 and the second connecting member 33 by screw threads. Therefore, the support columns 31 can be detachably connected with the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20, so that the number of the radiation loading sheets 211 can be adjusted as required.

Alternatively, the end portions of the two small-diameter sections of the support column 31 are respectively provided with internal threads, and the first connecting member 32 and the second connecting member 33 are respectively screws adapted to be fittingly connected with the internal threads of the two ends of the support column 31. The first connecting member 32 is inserted into the first dielectric substrate 10 and is in threaded connection with one end of the supporting column 31, and the second connecting member 33 is inserted into the second dielectric substrate 20 and is in threaded connection with the other end of the supporting column 31.

Or, the end portions of the two small-diameter sections of the supporting column 31 are respectively provided with an external thread, the small-diameter sections of the two ends of the supporting column 31 respectively penetrate through the first medium substrate 10 and the second medium substrate 20, and the first connecting piece 32 and the second connecting piece 33 are nuts suitable for being connected with the external threads of the two small-diameter sections in a matching manner.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the two ends of the supporting member 30 are not limited to be connected to the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 in the detachable connection manner, and can also be connected by a fastening connection manner such as welding or riveting, which is not limited in particular.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the microstrip patch element 111 has a rectangular structure, so that the radiating element has a sufficiently large radiating area. The microstrip patch elements 111 are located in the orthographic projection area of the corresponding radiation loading tabs 211 on the first dielectric substrate 10. The radiation application sheet 211 is not limited to a circular, rectangular, or the like shape.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiation loading piece 211 is a rectangular structure and has rectangular openings 2111 on its four edges. The two rectangular openings 2111 located at the opposite edges, respectively, are symmetrical to each other with respect to the center line of the radiation application sheet 211.

Specifically, the two rectangular openings 2111 on both sides in the width direction of the radiation application sheet 211 are symmetrical with respect to the center line in the width direction of the radiation application sheet 211, and the two rectangular openings 2111 on both sides in the length direction of the radiation application sheet 211 are symmetrical with respect to the center line in the length direction of the radiation application sheet 211. By providing the rectangular opening 2111 on the radiation loading piece 211, the current distribution on the radiation loading piece 211 can be changed, other radiation modes are suppressed, and the cross polarization ratio of the radiation unit is improved to a certain extent.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first dielectric substrate 10 is further provided with a feeding structure 12, and each microstrip patch oscillator 111 is correspondingly connected to one feeding structure 12. It can be understood that a plurality of feeding structures 12 are correspondingly connected to each patch oscillator array 11, and the plurality of feeding structures 12 are connected with the plurality of microstrip patch oscillators 111 of the patch oscillator array 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner to directly feed the plurality of microstrip patch oscillators 111 respectively.

Alternatively, the feed structure 12 includes a first microstrip line 121 and a second microstrip line 122 connected to the microstrip patch vibrator 111, respectively. The first microstrip line 121 is aligned to-45 ° polarization and the second microstrip line 122 is aligned to +45 ° polarization, thereby forming a dual-polarized patch antenna. The first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 are both metal layers disposed on the first dielectric substrate 10, and are located on the same surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 as the microstrip patch oscillator 111.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the patch antenna further includes a first connector 41 and a second connector 42, the first connector 41 and the second connector 42 are respectively disposed on the first dielectric substrate 10, the first microstrip line 121 is electrically connected to the first connector 41, and the second microstrip line 122 is electrically connected to the second connector 42. The first connector 41 and the second connector 42 are used for connecting coaxial cables, respectively. Optionally, a first connector 41 and a second connector 42 are attached to the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 away from the radiation loading tab 211. The first connector 41 and the second connector 42 are provided with blind plugs to facilitate connection with a host device.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the microstrip patch oscillator 111 is connected to the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 respectively on both sides of one end in the arrangement direction. It can be understood that the plurality of microstrip patch vibrators 111 of the patch vibrator array 11 are arranged along the first direction, and the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 are connected to one end of the microstrip patch vibrator 111 in the first direction and located on two sides of the first direction respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, three microstrip patch oscillators 111 are arranged along a first direction, a first microstrip line 121 is connected to a lower right corner of the microstrip patch oscillator 111, and a second microstrip line 122 is connected to a lower left corner of the microstrip patch oscillator 111.

The lengths of the first microstrip lines 121 connected to the plurality of microstrip patch oscillators 111 of each patch oscillator array 11 are equal, and the lengths of the second microstrip lines 122 connected to the plurality of microstrip patch oscillators 111 of each patch oscillator array 11 are equal. The specific connection position and feeding direction of the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 with the microstrip patch vibrator 111 can be set according to the spatial structure condition of the first dielectric substrate 10. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the feeding direction of two upper microstrip patch elements 111 of the patch element array 11 is perpendicular to the first direction, and the feeding direction of the lowest microstrip patch element 111 is the first direction.

Further, the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122 connected to the same microstrip patch oscillator 111 are symmetrical with each other about the center line of the microstrip patch oscillator 111, so that the consistency of the electrical performance in the two polarization directions can be further ensured. It should be noted that, due to the limitation of the boundary and the structural condition, the patch antenna shown in fig. 2 adopts an asymmetric arrangement of the first microstrip line 121 and the second microstrip line 122.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. A patch antenna, comprising:

the second medium base plate is provided with a loading piece array, the second medium base plate is located one side of the first medium base plate is far away from the patch oscillator array and is connected with the first medium base plate through a supporting piece, and a plurality of radiation loading pieces of the loading piece array correspond to a plurality of micro-strip patch oscillators of the patch oscillator array one to one.

2. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the number of the supporting members is plural, and the plural supporting members are circumferentially distributed around the array of patch elements.

3. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein said supporting member includes a supporting pillar, a first connecting member and a second connecting member, said supporting pillar has a limiting portion, two ends of said supporting pillar are respectively connected to said first connecting member and said second connecting member, said first dielectric substrate is clamped between said first connecting member and said limiting portion, and said second dielectric substrate is clamped between said second connecting member and said limiting portion.

4. A patch antenna according to claim 3, wherein both ends of said support post are threadedly connected to said first and second connectors, respectively.

5. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein said microstrip patch element is of a rectangular configuration, said microstrip patch element being located within an orthographic projection area of a corresponding said radiation loading patch on said first dielectric substrate.

6. A patch antenna according to claim 5, wherein said radiation loading piece is of a rectangular configuration and is provided with rectangular openings at its four edges, respectively, and two of said rectangular openings at opposite two of said edges are symmetrical to each other about a center line of said radiation loading piece.

7. A patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein a feed structure is further disposed on the first dielectric substrate, one feed structure is correspondingly connected to each microstrip patch element, the feed structure includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line respectively connected to the microstrip patch elements, the first microstrip line is aligned with-45 ° polarization, and the second microstrip line is aligned with +45 ° polarization.

8. A patch antenna according to claim 7, wherein both sides of one end of the microstrip patch vibrator in the arrangement direction thereof are respectively connected to the corresponding first microstrip line and second microstrip line, and the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line connected to the same microstrip patch vibrator are symmetrical with each other about the center line of the microstrip patch vibrator.

9. A patch antenna according to claim 7, further comprising:

10. The patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the patch element arrays are provided on the first dielectric substrate, a plurality of the second dielectric substrates are provided, and the plurality of the second dielectric substrates and the plurality of the patch element arrays are provided in one-to-one correspondence.