CN218865826U - Urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to an electrochemical detection system for relevant components of urine calculi, which comprises a urine measuring cup and at least more than two working electrodes; the circuit board module is used for processing the information collected by the working electrodes one by one and uploading the information to an upper computer. Has the advantages that: the rapid detection of the relevant components of the urine calculi is realized by adopting an electrochemical method, so that the traditional process of collecting urine firstly and then detecting can be changed into the process of completing detection for multiple times and then uniformly calculating results.

Description

Urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a detection system and a detection method for measuring the content of uric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, calcium, magnesium and other elements in urine.

Background

Urinary calculus is a complex, multi-etiological disease, which is the result of the combined action of environmental and genetic factors. The average incidence rate of urolithiasis in China is 1% -5%, while the incidence rate in south China is as high as 5% -10%, wherein one fourth of patients need hospitalization. High recurrence rate is the greatest feature of the disease. The high recurrence rate of urolithiasis not only increases the pain and economic burden of patients, but also causes the limited medical resources to bear a burden at present, and the supersaturation of Dan Yinzi (such as oxalate ions, calcium ions, uric acid and the like) in urine and the lack of calculus inhibiting factors (such as citrate ions, magnesium ions and the like) form the chemical thermodynamic basis for calculus formation.

The etiology of most urinary calculi patients can be found by metabolic assessment, namely metabolic disorder of one or more calculi-related components (such as hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria, hyperuricuria, hypocitrauria, hypomagneuria and the like). Pak in the United states first proposed metabolic assessments of urologic lithiasis patients, particularly idiopathic calcium oxalate lithiasis patients. The core of the metabolic assessment is the determination of the 24-hour excretion of the stone formation Dan Yinzi and stone inhibitors in urine. In a clinical study (clinical test number: chiCTR-DDD-16009805) for detecting 24-hour urine of urinary calculus patients in Ningbo areas of China, researchers find that the difference between the excretion amounts of calculus-related components in urine of people without a calculus disease history and people with a calculus disease history is large. In people with a history of calculus, the rate of metabolic abnormalities present is as high as 94.1%, whereas in volunteers with no history of calculus, this rate is only 6.0%. This result preliminarily suggests that the incidence of urinary calculus is closely related to metabolic factors. A20-year follow-up study in foreign countries shows that a targeted prevention scheme based on etiology diagnosis can relieve lithiasis of urinary calculus patients within 20 years, namely, lithiasis does not relapse.

In the detection process of the urine calculus related components within 24 hours, the gold standard for measuring organic micromolecules such as oxalic acid in urine is an ion chromatography method, and other indexes can be measured by a chemical method or a colorimetric method. In the traditional etiology diagnosis process, different indexes need to be measured by a plurality of methods, the whole operation process is complicated and complicated, and the traditional etiology diagnosis process is only used for preventing complex stones or recurrent stones even abroad. And due to the limitation of the ion chromatography technology, the traditional single-channel ion chromatograph has low detection efficiency and is difficult to meet the clinical requirements.

In recent years, with the development of ion chromatography technology, the automation level of ion chromatographs has been increasing, and the measurement range has been gradually expanding. At present, uric acid, citric acid, calcium ions, magnesium ions and the like in urine can be measured by using an ion chromatography except oxalic acid.

Ion chromatography, while currently recognized by urology as the gold standard for oxalic acid determination in metabolic assessments of urological lithiasis, has several inherent drawbacks. Firstly, the ion chromatography has higher measurement precision, and can reach the PPD level, namely 1/10-9g/L (clinically, only the ppm level 1/10-6g/L can be reached). However, due to the defects of complex structure, relatively weak generated electrical signals and the like, the stability of detection data is poor, and the detection data is easily interfered by various factors (such as the proficiency of an operator, the rigor of the pretreatment process of the urine sample and the like). The actual detection precision is not ideal, and the instability of data makes the ion chromatography difficult to realize continuous detection with high automation degree.

In terms of clinical procedures, it is not easy to collect the 24-hour urine of a patient, and in the process of treating the urine of the patient after collection, various links of weighing the volume, acidifying and alkalizing the urine and diluting the urine can cause measurement errors, and the final accumulated error is very large. Firstly, a patient can collect the urine of 24 hours into a barrel, the cooperation of the patient is difficult to obtain, and even if the patient forgets to collect the urine once, the measurement result is inaccurate; secondly, if the patient needs to collect the 24-hour urine, the movement range of the patient is bound to be limited, and the whole metabolic condition of the patient cannot be truly reflected; third, to ensure the accuracy of the oxalic acid assay during the collection of the patient's 24 hour urine, the physician must acidify the patient's first urine with concentrated hydrochloric acid. If concentrated hydrochloric acid is directly delivered to a patient, dangerous chemicals are flowed into the hands of the patient, and national laws and regulations are obviously violated. If the concentrated hydrochloric acid acidified urine is operated by medical staff, the operation means that a patient needs to repeatedly go to and from hospitals and families (at least 2 times) even if the patient does not select to be hospitalized, so that the workload of the medical staff is increased, the compliance of the patient is reduced, and the popularization of the technology is further reduced.

Meanwhile, the urine of the patient in 24 hours is simply collected and detected, and the concrete excretion conditions (especially indexes such as excretion peak value and excretion valley) of calculus related factors (such as oxalic acid, citric acid, calcium ion and the like) in the urine of the patient in different time periods within 1 day cannot be objectively reflected. The excretion of calculus related substances in the urine of a patient is greatly influenced by environmental factors (such as diet, water intake and the like), and for the patient, for example, the excretion situation (ion concentration, urination volume and the like) of calculus related indexes in the urine at different time periods within 1 day can be known, so that the patient can be guided to adopt a chronic disease management mode and perform diet control and drug prevention more accurately. However, in the current metabolic assessment technology, the simple 24-hour urine collection and detection process is not only complicated and complex, but also has large error, and the final detected data is too simple, so that the actual requirement of chronic disease management on urinary calculus patients cannot be met.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for determining the 24-hour excretion amount of Dan Yinzi and the calculus inhibitory factor in the urine of a patient by using an enzyme electrode method and an ion selective electrode method, so as to adapt to the problems existing in the current surrogate evaluation of urinary calculus patients.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

urine calculus correlated ingredients electrochemical detection system, including the urine graduated flask, its characterized in that still includes:

the electrode strip is used for collecting information of calculus-related components in urine, and comprises a measuring end and a transmission end, wherein the measuring end is arranged in the urine measuring cup and is in contact with the urine;

the circuit board module is used for amplifying the signals of the information collected by at least two working electrodes one by one and simultaneously uploading the information to an upper computer;

the upper computer is used for calculating and processing the collected information to obtain a final result;

the circuit board module comprises an input interface, a signal processing unit and a first communication module used for communicating with the upper computer, the input interface is connected with the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected with the first communication module, and the transmission end of the electrode strip is connected with the input interface of the circuit board module.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the measuring end of the electrode strip comprises five working electrodes, and detection auxiliary substances corresponding to the components needing to be detected are arranged on the five working electrodes.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the detection auxiliary substances on the five working electrodes are respectively as follows: the composition comprises uricase, oxalate oxidase, citric acid lyase, a calcium ion carrier membrane and a magnesium ion carrier membrane, wherein the concentration of the uricase is 0.5U/ml-5U/ml, the concentration of the oxalate oxidase is 0.15U/ml-4U/ml, and the concentration of the citric acid lyase is 0.1U/ml-3U/ml.

The system for electrochemically detecting the relevant components of the urinary calculus is characterized in that the measuring end of the electrode strip comprises an insulating bottom plate, the five working electrodes are embedded into the insulating bottom plate, an opening which corresponds to the position of the working electrodes and is used for exposing the working electrodes is formed in the insulating bottom plate, the measuring end further comprises three USB interfaces which are respectively a working electrode interface, a reference electrode interface and a counter electrode interface, the five working electrodes are connected with the working electrode interface, the reference electrode is connected with the reference electrode interface, and the counter electrode is connected with the counter electrode interface.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the insulating bottom plate is made of a polystyrene film.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that a hard reinforcing sheet is further arranged on the back of the measuring end of the electrode strip, and a hard reinforcing sheet is further arranged between the measuring end and the transmission end of the electrode strip.

The urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system is characterized by further comprising a fixing device for fixing the circuit board module on the urine measuring cup, wherein the circuit board module is arranged on the fixing device.

The urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system is characterized in that the fixing device comprises a fixing clamp, the fixing clamp is detachably clamped on the edge of the urine measuring cup, a fixing cavity used for containing the circuit board module is formed in the fixing clamp, an opening is formed in the fixing cavity, and an input interface of the circuit board module corresponds to the position of the opening.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that volume scales are arranged on the urine measuring cup.

The urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system is characterized by further comprising a weighing module, wherein the weighing module is arranged at the bottom of the urine measuring cup, a second communication module is arranged in the weighing module, and the second communication module is connected with the upper computer.

The system for electrochemically detecting the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the signal processing unit comprises a microcontroller, the microcontroller comprises at least one analog-digital converter, the analog-digital converter comprises at least five conversion channels, and the five working electrodes are respectively connected with the five conversion channels.

The system for electrochemically detecting the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the upper computer is one of the following preset standard numerical software of the relevant components of the urine calculi: computer, cell-phone.

The urine calculus related component electrochemical detection system is characterized in that the weighing module is an external component, and the upper computer is one of the following software which is preset with standard values of the urine calculus related components and is provided with a manual weight value input module: computer, cell-phone.

Foretell urine calculus correlated components electrochemical detection system, its characterized in that, the measuring end of electrode bar still includes capillary water conservancy diversion filter, one side on the capillary water conservancy diversion filter is provided with the albumen filter and is used for urine entry, the opposite side on the capillary water conservancy diversion filter is provided with capillary absorbent material, through capillary pipeline intercommunication between albumen filter and the capillary absorbent material, capillary pipeline and working electrode contact, still be provided with the salt bridge on the capillary water conservancy diversion filter, salt bridge and albumen filter intercommunication to salt bridge and reference electrode and counter electrode contact.

The electrochemical detection system for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized by further comprising a urine funnel for collecting urine by a woman, wherein the urine funnel comprises a funnel and a conduit, and the conduit is connected with the funnel.

The electrochemical detection method for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: determining the standard value of each related component, and drawing the concentration-current curve standard value of each related component by continuously increasing the proportion of each related component by using an electrochemical analysis method;

s2: actually detecting single urine, wherein the reference electrode outputs specified voltage unchanged, a current path is formed by the urine and the working electrode coated with the detection auxiliary substance, and then the current signal value is identified;

s3: detecting one by one, and repeating the step S2 to detect the current signal value of each relevant component one by one;

s4: comparing, namely comparing the current signal values obtained in the step S3 with the standard values of the concentration-current curves one by one to obtain actual concentration values of all related components in single urine;

s5: calculating the actual excretion amount of each relevant component in the single urine by calculating the volume of the single urine and an actual volume concentration value formula;

s6: and repeating the detection method from the step S2 to the step S5 every time the patient excretes urine within 24 hours to obtain the actual total excretion amount of each relevant component in the urine within 24 hours of the patient, and adding the volumes of the urine within 24 hours of the patient to obtain the total volume of the urine within 24 hours.

The electrochemical detection method for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the method for calculating the single urine system in the step S5 comprises the following steps: and weighing the single urine to obtain the weight of the single urine, and calculating the volume of the single urine by a density formula, wherein the density of the urine is equal to the density of water.

The electrochemical detection method for the relevant components of the urine calculi is characterized in that the method for calculating the single urine system in the step S5 comprises the following steps: the volume scale is marked on the container for containing urine, and the volume of single urine is obtained by observing the volume scale.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:

1. the utility model adopts an electrochemical method to realize the rapid detection of the relevant components of the urine calculi, thereby converting the traditional processes of collecting urine firstly and detecting again into the unified calculation result after finishing the detection for many times, and reducing the errors generated by collecting urine, measuring the urine volume, acidifying/alkalizing urine and preprocessing samples;

2. the realization of rapid detection ensures that an operator/patient does not need to store urine, the operation flow is greatly simplified, and the examination item of etiological diagnosis of the urinary calculus becomes more easily accepted and popularized;

3. the important step of urine acidification and corrosion prevention is avoided without collecting all urine samples, so that dangerous chemicals are prevented from flowing into the hands of a patient, the possibility of detecting the metabolism condition of the patient in life is realized, and the safety and operability of the detection are improved; the real slow disease management is realized, the management of the patient is more refined, and the recurrence of the calculus is reduced;

4. the utility model discloses the product is small, and in the actual operation, the patient only needs the product to be given to the doctor, just can let the self-service weighing of patient, detect the urine after doing well simple training, and the urine after having detected can be abandoned immediately. The self-service flow eliminates the trouble that the traditional technology needs to repeatedly go to and fro to the hospital when collecting the samples, does not need to transport the samples (the urine after detection is poured), can obviously increase the compliance of patients and reduce the logistics cost, is not only favorable for the popularization of the technology on the hospital level, but also favorable for the popularization of the technology in a third-party detection company, and reduces the technical popularization barrier caused by the complicated examination and approval and charging flows.

5. After the method is used for detection, because the method is used for single measurement, and finally all single measurement data within 24 hours are calculated in a superposition mode, the method can not only obtain the total urine volume within 24 hours and the total excretion amount of various calculus related factors, but also reflect the specific excretion conditions of the calculus related factors (such as oxalic acid, citric acid, calcium ions and the like) in the urine of a patient within 24 hours in different time periods, and a clinician can guide the patient to adopt a chronic disease management mode by using the detection result to perform more accurate diet control and drug prevention.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode strip;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a circuit board module;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a capillary flow guiding filter plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the urinal funnel;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the detection method of the present application;

the reference numbers in the figures are respectively:

100. a urine measuring cup;

110. a weighing module;

111. a second communication module;

200. an electrode strip;

210. a measuring end;

211. a working electrode;

212. a reference electrode;

213. a counter electrode;

220. a transmission end;

221. a USB interface;

240. a hard reinforcing sheet;

250. a capillary flow guiding filter plate;

251. a protein filter plate;

252. a capillary wicking material;

253. a capillary channel;

254. a salt bridge;

300. a circuit board module;

310. an input interface;

320. a signal processing unit;

330. a first communication module;

321. a microcontroller;

322. an analog-to-digital converter;

400. a fixing device;

410. a fixing clip;

420. a fixed cavity;

500. a urine funnel;

510. a funnel;

520. a conduit.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in the description and in the claims, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Unless otherwise indicated, "front", "rear", "lower" and/or "upper" and the like are for convenience of description and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed as preceding "comprising" or "includes" covers the element or item listed as following "comprising" or "includes" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items.

The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the following examples and embodiments can be supplemented or combined with each other without conflict.

Referring to fig. 1, urine calculus is relevant to divide electrochemical detection system, including urine graduated flask 100, because in the utility model discloses in, what the patient detected all the time is single urine, and finally through adding each required numerical value of 24 hours and reacing 24 hours total amount and carrying out the metabolic evaluation, consequently urine graduated flask 100's volume size can be controlled below 1000 milliliters, only need be greater than the patient urine volume once can. In the past, all urine produced in 24 hours needs to be stored in one container in a centralized way by a patient, so the container for containing the urine is large in volume and inconvenient to carry.

To adopting the utility model discloses well urine graduated flask 100's size design back, overcome following defect among the prior art: firstly, a patient can collect the urine of 24 hours into a barrel, the cooperation of the patient is difficult to obtain, and even if the patient forgets to collect the urine once, the measurement result is inaccurate; secondly, if the patient needs to collect the 24-hour urine, the movement range of the patient is bound to be limited, and the whole metabolic condition of the patient cannot be truly reflected; the utility model only needs to measure the ingredients of the urine at every time.

The application further comprises an electrode strip 200 for collecting information about lithotriptic-related components in urine, wherein the electrode strip 200 comprises a measuring end 210 and a transmitting end 220, and the measuring end 210 is disposed in the urine measuring cup 100 and is in contact with the urine.

Referring to fig. 2, the measuring end 210 of the electrode strip 200 includes at least two or more working electrodes 211, and the electrode strip 200 further includes a reference electrode 212 and a counter electrode 213. In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the measuring end 210 of the electrode strip 200 comprises five working electrodes 211, and the five working electrodes 211 are used for detecting uric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, calcium ions and magnesium ions in urine respectively. In order to enable the five working electrodes to detect the corresponding substance components, the five working electrodes 211 are each provided with a detection auxiliary substance corresponding to the component to be detected. In a preferred embodiment, the detection auxiliary substances on the five working electrodes 211 are: uricase, oxalate oxidase, citrate lyase, a calcium ion carrier membrane and a magnesium ion carrier membrane.

The utility model discloses in, the electrode is as the intermediate carrier of electrochemical measurement method, the concentration of the detection auxiliary material that it covered is very important, allocate suitable proportional relation, there is very big influence to the result of obtaining, it is why also to go to try the enzyme of different concentrations constantly, and different operating condition (different operating voltage isoparametric) under the same concentration enzyme all can obtain different response results, electrochemical test it has advantages such as the response is fast, sensitivity is good, but the prerequisite of its implementation is that we adapt out suitable enzyme concentration and operating condition, just also can better operation under this condition our product. In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the uricase is present in a concentration of 0.5U/ml to 5U/ml, the oxalate oxidase is present in a concentration of 0.15U/ml to 4U/ml, and the citrate lyase is present in a concentration of 0.1U/ml to 3U/ml.

In the electrode prepared by the method, factors such as the electrochemical surface area of the electrode, the surface material of the electrode and the like are considered, corresponding enzymes are selected for reaction in a targeted mode, the quantity of the enzymes required by different surface materials of the electrode is different, the reaction mechanism is different, the enzyme concentration is selected according to the conclusion in an experiment, namely the accuracy of the test is lost when the concentration is less than the minimum concentration or greater than the maximum concentration, and the test is meaningless. Meanwhile, in an electrochemical experiment, the concentration corresponds to the reaction rate (in a proportional relationship within a certain range), and the larger the reaction rate is, the data can be obtained more quickly, so that the detection time is shortened.

In a concentration lower limit test, by comparing the electrochemical surface area of the electrode with the characteristics of the electrode material, the concentration is continuously reduced by a dichotomy to approach the theoretical concentration lower limit value, so that the electrode still has response (the reaction time is longer) at the concentration, and the concentration which cannot be responded is the minimum concentration until the concentration is reduced and the time is prolonged. The concentration is selected according to the consideration of time, experimental precision, consumable cost and other factors.

In the case of oxalate enzyme, 0.15U/ml of the electrode still responds at this concentration, and the concentration at which no response can be obtained until the concentration is further reduced for a longer time is the minimum concentration. In particular, we adopt the integrated electrodes to scan the electrodes one by one, the detection of the oxalic acid index requires 40 seconds, the selection of the concentration of 0.15U/ml, and the requirements such as time and experimental accuracy are satisfied when the surface area of the integrated electrodes is 0.8 cm.

Regarding the working principle of the working electrode 211, since the five working electrodes 211 detect different components, the five working electrodes 211 are respectively provided with the detection auxiliary substance, for example, the working electrode 211 provided with the detection auxiliary substance of oxalate oxidase, the working principle is that oxalic acid in urine to be detected reacts with oxalate oxidase to generate hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide reacts with Prussian Blue (PB) on the substrate to generate redox reaction to generate current/electron transfer, and further, the step change of the current is generated to generate the current value of the component. Before actual detection, a standard value of oxalic acid needs to be determined, and the same working electrode 211 is used to draw a standard value of a concentration-current curve of oxalic acid by increasing the proportion of oxalic acid continuously in a standard environment. In the actual detection, the current value of oxalic acid in the detected urine obtained by the working electrode 211 is compared with the standard value of the concentration-current curve of oxalic acid, so as to obtain the actual concentration value of oxalic acid in single urine.

Furthermore, the principle of the working electrode 211 provided with uricase as the detection auxiliary substance and the working electrode 211 provided with citrate lyase as the detection auxiliary substance is the same as that of the working electrode 211 provided with oxalate oxidase as the detection auxiliary substance, hydrogen peroxide is generated through reaction with enzyme to form a current value, and finally the actual concentration value of the component in the single urine is obtained through comparison of the concentration-current curve standard value of the component.

The working principle of the working electrode 211 provided with the calcium ion carrier membrane as the detection auxiliary substance is as follows: preparing a sensitive membrane with selective response to calcium ions, converting the ion activity into a potential signal, wherein the potential signal is in a linear relation with the logarithm of the specific ion activity in the solution in a certain range, and the actual concentration value of the unknown solution can be obtained by comparing the potential signal with the solution with the known ion concentration.

The principle of providing the working electrode 211 in which the detection auxiliary substance is a magnesium ion carrier film is the same as that of providing the working electrode 211 in which the detection auxiliary substance is a calcium ion carrier film.

The counter electrode 213 is used to form a circuit with the working electrode 211 to pass current, and the counter electrode 213 does not affect the reaction on the working electrode 211, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the counter electrode 213 can be selected from a stable material such as platinum. Reference electrode 212 functions as: to measure the electrode potential of the working electrode 211 for these reactions, a reference electrode is provided.

In the present application, in order to further expand the types of detectable components, the corresponding working electrodes 211 may be added according to actual requirements, for example, the number of the working electrodes 211 is increased to ten, and corresponding detection auxiliary substances are disposed on the corresponding working electrodes 211 according to the types of components that need to be detected actually.

Referring to fig. 3, the present application further includes a circuit board module 300 for performing signal amplification processing on current information collected by at least two or more working electrodes 211 (five working electrodes 211 are exemplified in the following embodiments) one by one and uploading the current information to an upper computer; the circuit board module 300 comprises an input interface 310, a signal processing unit 320 and a first communication module 330 for communicating with an upper computer, wherein the input interface 310 is connected with the signal processing unit 320, the signal processing unit 320 is connected with the first communication module 330, the first communication module 330 is connected with the upper computer in a wireless or wired mode, and the transmission end 220 of the electrode bar 200 is connected with the input interface 310 of the circuit board module 300.

The signal processing unit 320 includes a microcontroller 321, the microcontroller 321 includes at least one analog-to-digital converter 322, the analog-to-digital converter 322 includes at least five conversion channels, and the five working electrodes 211 are respectively connected to the five conversion channels.

Since the electrode strip 200 includes five working electrodes 211, and the five working electrodes 211 are disposed independently from each other, and since the current signal on the working electrode 211 needs to be acquired by using an analog signal, that is, five conversion channels are required, in one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the analog-to-digital converter 322 includes at least five conversion channels, so that the number of the conversion channels inside one analog-to-digital converter 322 can satisfy the signal acquisition of the five working electrodes 211. Meanwhile, because a conversion channel in one analog-digital converter 322 is used, the scanning of signals one by one can be realized, that is, in the present application, five working electrodes 211 integrated on one electrode strip 200 can be subjected to signal detection one by one. This is due to the fact that the interrupt vector priority inside the microcontroller 321 is determined, and a great many functions are integrated inside the microcontroller 321, including the internal conversion channel scan function of the adc 322, and a DMA (DMA is needed to explain the specific meaning of the DMA) function is needed, which stores the data of each scan in an internal register until the scan is completed. Meanwhile, the internal register can be configured with functions of scanning sequence, acquisition period, conversion mode and the like, and can be designed according to requirements.

The system further comprises an upper computer used for calculating and processing the collected information to obtain a final result, wherein the upper computer is a computer or a mobile phone which is preset with standard numerical software of relevant components of each urine calculus, and the standard numerical values of the relevant components of each urine calculus are standard values of a concentration-current curve in the system. In actual detection, the microcontroller 321 controls the five working electrodes 211 to perform information acquisition one by one, obtain the current value of each relevant component in single urine, and upload the current value to the upper computer through the first communication module 330. Because standard numerical value software of relevant components of each urine calculus is preset in a mobile phone or a computer serving as an upper computer, the current signal values and the concentration-current curve standard values are compared one by one through software calculation and comparison, and the actual concentration values of the relevant components in single urine are obtained.

In the metabolic evaluation of lithiasis, besides the excretion amount of each relevant component in urine, the volume of urine excreted needs to be known. Thus, one embodiment in this application is to provide a volume scale on urine measuring cup 100, and to read the volume scale to obtain the volume. But the mode error through volume scale reading is great in one of them preferred embodiment of the utility model, still including weighing module 110, weighing module 110 sets up in the bottom of urine graduated flask 100, at first weighs the weight of urine to in uploading the weight of urine to the host computer, then calculate single urine volume through density formula V = m/ρ, urine density equals the water density. Although urine contains various impurities, in practice, the specific gravity of urine is substantially equal to that of water (error is more than 2 bits after decimal point), namely, substantially equal to 1, so that the volume of urine can be obtained by using a density formula after weighing.

In this application, weighing module 110 can be external subassembly, for example a weighing scale of independent configuration for weigh out urine weight, and the software of predetermineeing in the host computer has the function of manual input weight numerical value module simultaneously, therefore the user can be manual with the urine weight numerical value input that the weighing scale reachs in the host computer.

Meanwhile, in another preferred embodiment of the present application, the weighing module 110 is provided with a second communication module 111, and the second communication module 111 is connected to the upper computer through a wired or wireless connection. After adopting this scheme, the urine weight that weighing module 110 weighed can directly upload to the host computer.

From the structural point of view, the measuring end of the electrode strip 200 includes an insulating base plate, five working electrodes 211 are embedded in the insulating base plate, and an opening corresponding to the positions of the working electrodes 211 and used for exposing the working electrodes 211 is formed in the insulating base plate, the measuring end 220 further includes three USB interfaces 221, which are respectively a working electrode interface, a reference electrode interface and a counter electrode interface, the five working electrodes 211 are connected to the working electrode interface, the reference electrode 212 is connected to the reference electrode interface, and the counter electrode 213 is connected to the counter electrode interface. Three USB interfaces 221 form the measurement end 220 of the electrode strip 200 and are connected with the input interface 310 of the circuit board module 300.

In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating base plate is made of a polystyrene film. Meanwhile, in order to increase the positional stability of the electrode strip 200, a hard reinforcing sheet 240 is further disposed on the back of the measuring end 210 of the electrode strip 200, and the hard reinforcing sheet 240 is also disposed between the measuring end 210 and the transmitting end 220 of the electrode strip 200. With the design of adding the hard reinforcing sheet 240, when the electrode strip 200 is placed in the urine measuring cup 100 and contacts with urine, the electrode strip 200 can be fixed in position and cannot easily shake or float.

Referring to fig. 4, in order to further optimize the detection effect, the measuring end 210 of the electrode strip 200 further includes a capillary flow guiding filter plate 250, a protein filter plate 251 is disposed on one side of the capillary flow guiding filter plate 250 for urine inlet, a capillary absorbent material 252 is disposed on the other side of the capillary flow guiding filter plate 250, the protein filter plate 251 and the capillary absorbent material 252 are communicated through a capillary channel 253, the capillary tube 253 is in contact with the working electrode 211, a salt bridge 254 is further disposed on the capillary flow guiding filter plate 250, the salt bridge 254 is communicated with the protein filter plate 251, and the salt bridge 254 is in contact with the reference electrode 212 and the counter electrode 213. In actual detection, the capillary flow guide filter plate 250 is attached to the measuring end 210, urine is adsorbed into the capillary channel 253 from the protein filter plate 251 under the action of the capillary water absorption material 252, and the urine passes through the protein filter plate 251 and then is filtered to remove proteins in the urine, and then is in contact reaction with the working electrode 211.

In order to further fix the circuit board module 300, a fixing device 400 for fixing the circuit board module 300 on the urine measuring cup 100 is further included, and the circuit board module 300 is disposed on the fixing device 400. Further, the fixing device 400 includes a fixing clip 410, the fixing clip 410 is a clip structure, and can be detachably clamped on the rim of the urine measuring cup 100, and a fixing cavity 420 for accommodating the circuit board module 300 is provided on the fixing clip 410, an opening is provided on the fixing cavity 420, and the input interface 310 of the circuit board module 300 corresponds to the position of the opening. The transmission ends 220 of the electrode stripes 200 are connected to the input structures 310 within the openings.

After the technical scheme is adopted to fix the circuit board module 300, firstly, the circuit board module 300 can be cancelled from the urine measuring cup 100 at any time, namely, the fixing device 400 is clamped on the cup edge of the urine measuring cup 100 during detection, and after the detection is finished, the fixing device 400 is cancelled from the urine measuring cup 100, so that the carrying is convenient. Secondly, the fixing clip 410 of the fixing device 400 adopts a clip structure, so that the stability of clamping is ensured, the position of the circuit board module 300 is not shaken, and the detection precision is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, the utility model discloses a further make things convenient for female patient to carry out urine and collect, still design the urine fill 500 that is used for the women to collect the urine to female physiology, the urine fill includes funnel 510 and pipe 520, and pipe 520 connects funnel 510.

Referring to fig. 6, the method for electrochemically detecting urine calculi-related components is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: determining the standard value of each related component, and drawing the concentration-current curve standard value of each related component by continuously increasing the proportion of each related component by using an electrochemical analysis method;

s2: actually detecting single urine, outputting specified voltage by the reference electrode unchanged, forming a current path through the urine and the working electrode coated with the detection auxiliary substance, and then identifying a current signal value;

s3: detecting one by one, and repeating the step S2 to detect the current signal value of each relevant component one by one;

s4: comparing, namely comparing the current signal values obtained in the step S3 with the standard values of the concentration-current curves one by one to obtain actual concentration values of all related components in single urine;

s5: calculating the volume of the single urine, and calculating the actual excretion of each relevant component in the single urine through a volume-actual concentration value formula;

s6: and repeating the detection method from the step S2 to the step S5 every time the patient excretes urine within 24 hours to obtain the actual total excretion amount of each relevant component in the urine within 24 hours of the patient, and adding the volumes of the urine within 24 hours of the patient to obtain the total volume of the urine within 24 hours.

In the step S5 of the method, two methods are used for calculating a single urine system, wherein one method is to weigh single urine to obtain the weight of the single urine, calculate the volume of the single urine by a density formula, and the density of the urine is equal to the density of water; another method of calculating a single urine system is: the volume scale is marked on the container for containing urine, and the volume of single urine is obtained by observing the volume scale.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:

1. the utility model adopts an electrochemical method to realize the rapid detection of the relevant components of the urine calculi, thereby changing the traditional processes of collecting urine first and detecting again into the process of uniformly calculating the result after finishing multiple detections, and reducing the errors caused by collecting urine, measuring the volume of urine, acidifying/alkalizing urine and pre-treating samples;

2. the realization of rapid detection ensures that an operator/patient does not need to store urine, the operation flow is greatly simplified, and the examination item of etiological diagnosis of the urinary calculus becomes more easily accepted and popularized;

3. because all urine samples do not need to be collected, the important step of urine acidification and preservation is avoided, so that hazardous chemicals are prevented from flowing into the hands of a patient, the possibility of detecting the metabolism condition of the patient in life is realized, and the safety and operability of the detection are improved; the real slow disease management is realized, the management of the patient is more refined, and the recurrence of the calculus is reduced;

4. the utility model discloses the product is small, and in the actual operation, the patient only needs the product to be given to the doctor, just can let the self-service weighing of patient, detect the urine after doing well simple training, and the urine after having detected can be abandoned immediately. The self-service flow eliminates the trouble that the hospital needs to be repeatedly returned when the traditional technology collects the samples, the samples do not need to be transported (the urine after detection is poured), the compliance of the patients can be obviously increased, the logistics cost is reduced, the popularization of the technology on the hospital level is facilitated, the technology is more facilitated to be popularized in third-party detection companies, and the technical popularization barrier caused by the fussy examination and approval and charging flows is reduced.

5. After the method is adopted for detection, because the method adopts single measurement, and finally all single measurement data in 24 hours are superposed and calculated, the method not only can obtain the total volume of the 24-hour urine and the total excretion amount of various calculus related factors, but also can reflect the specific excretion conditions of the calculus related factors (such as oxalic acid, citric acid, calcium ions and the like) in the urine of a patient in different time periods in 24 hours, and a clinician can use a detection result to guide the patient to adopt a chronic disease management mode to carry out more accurate diet control and drug prevention.

Although the present application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and all changes, substitutions and alterations that fall within the spirit and scope of the application are to be understood as being covered by the following claims.

Claims (15)

1. Urine calculus correlated ingredients electrochemical detection system, including the urine graduated flask, its characterized in that still includes:

the electrode strip is used for collecting relevant ingredient information of calculi in urine, and comprises a measuring end and a transmission end, wherein the measuring end is arranged in the urine measuring cup and is contacted with the urine, the measuring end of the electrode strip comprises at least more than two working electrodes, and the electrode strip also comprises a reference electrode and a counter electrode;

the circuit board module is used for amplifying signals of information collected by at least two working electrodes one by one and simultaneously uploading the information to an upper computer;

the upper computer is used for calculating and processing the collected information to obtain a final result;

the circuit board module comprises an input interface, a signal processing unit and a first communication module used for communicating with the upper computer, the input interface is connected with the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected with the first communication module, and the transmission end of the electrode strip is connected with the input interface of the circuit board module.

2. The electrochemical detection system for detecting urinary calculus related components of claim 1, wherein the measuring end of the electrode strip comprises five working electrodes, and each of the five working electrodes is provided with a detection auxiliary substance corresponding to the component to be detected.

3. The system for electrochemical detection of urinary calculus-related components according to claim 2, wherein the detection auxiliary substances on the five working electrodes are respectively: the kit comprises uricase, oxalate oxidase, citrate lyase, a calcium ion carrier membrane and a magnesium ion carrier membrane, wherein the concentration of the uricase is 0.5U/ml-5U/ml, the concentration of the oxalate oxidase is 0.15U/ml-4U/ml, and the concentration of the citrate lyase is 0.1U/ml-3U/ml.

4. The electrochemical detection system for urinary calculus related components according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the measuring end of the electrode strip comprises an insulating base plate, the five working electrodes are embedded in the insulating base plate, and the insulating base plate is provided with openings corresponding to the positions of the working electrodes and used for exposing the working electrodes, the measuring end further comprises three USB interfaces which are respectively a working electrode interface, a reference electrode interface and a counter electrode interface, the five working electrodes are connected with the working electrode interface, the reference electrode is connected with the reference electrode interface, and the counter electrode is connected with the counter electrode interface.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the insulating base is made of a polystyrene film.

6. The electrochemical detection system for urine stone-related components according to claim 5, wherein a hard reinforcing sheet is further disposed on the back of the measuring end of the electrode strip, and a hard reinforcing sheet is further disposed between the measuring end and the transmission end of the electrode strip.

7. The system of claim 5 or 6, further comprising a fastening device for fastening the circuit board module to the urine measuring cup, wherein the circuit board module is disposed on the fastening device.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the fixing device comprises a fixing clip detachably clamped to the rim of the urine measuring cup, the fixing clip is provided with a fixing cavity for accommodating the circuit board module, the fixing cavity is provided with an opening, and the input interface of the circuit board module corresponds to the position of the opening.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the urine measuring cup has a volume scale disposed thereon.

10. The electrochemical detection system for urine calculi-related components according to claim 8, further comprising a weighing module, wherein the weighing module is disposed at the bottom of the urine measuring cup, and a second communication module is disposed in the weighing module, and the second communication module is connected to the upper computer.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a microcontroller, the microcontroller comprising at least one analog-to-digital converter, the analog-to-digital converter comprising at least five switching channels, the five working electrodes being connected to the five switching channels, respectively.

12. The system for electrochemical detection of urinary calculus-related components according to claim 11, wherein the upper computer is one of the following preset with standard numerical software for urinary calculus-related components: computer, cell-phone.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the weighing module is an external component, and the upper computer is one of the following software having preset standard values of the relevant components of urine stones and having a manual weight value input module: computer, cell-phone.

14. The system of claim 12 or 13, wherein the electrode strip further comprises a capillary flow guiding filter plate at the measuring end, a protein filter plate is disposed on one side of the capillary flow guiding filter plate for urine inlet, a capillary absorbent material is disposed on the other side of the capillary flow guiding filter plate, the protein filter plate and the capillary absorbent material are connected by a capillary channel, the capillary channel is in contact with the working electrode, a salt bridge is disposed on the capillary flow guiding filter plate, the salt bridge is in communication with the protein filter plate, and the salt bridge is in contact with the reference electrode and the counter electrode.

15. The system of claim 14, further comprising a urinal funnel for collecting urine from a female, said urinal funnel comprising a funnel and a conduit, said conduit connecting said funnel.

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