CN218816729U - Adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station - Google Patents
Adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN218816729U CN218816729U CN202223019022.1U CN202223019022U CN218816729U CN 218816729 U CN218816729 U CN 218816729U CN 202223019022 U CN202223019022 U CN 202223019022U CN 218816729 U CN218816729 U CN 218816729U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering field, concretely relates to an adjusting device for reducing pumping storage power station load reduction process surge range in surge chamber. The water turbine is located the power generation cavity of pump storage power station among this adjusting device, and the lateral wall and the upper reaches diversion conduit of power generation cavity link to each other, and the outside cover of water turbine is equipped with the guide vane ring, forms into the water cavity between guide vane ring and the water turbine, and the adjusting part includes carousel, baffle unit, drive structure and motor, and the carousel is located the below of guide vane ring, and the motor passes through drive structure and links to each other with the carousel. The adjusting device drives the turntable to rotate through the transmission structure by the motor, drives the water baffle connected with the rotating shaft to rotate together, realizes the adjustment of relative opening degree in the water inlet channel, improves the problem of severe fluctuation of the water level of the upstream pressure regulating chamber after the load of the unit is reduced, promotes the attenuation of the surge amplitude of the upstream pressure regulating chamber, and further improves the flexibility of the unit operation on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the pressure regulating chamber-the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering field, concretely relates to an adjusting device for reducing pumping storage power station load reduction process surge range in surge chamber.
Background
The pumped storage power station is a pumped storage power station, which pumps water to an upper reservoir by using electric energy in a power load valley period and discharges water to a lower reservoir to generate power in a power load peak period. The pumping power station is generally a water diversion type hydropower station with an upstream pressure regulating chamber, the water level fluctuation of the pressure regulating chamber is directly influenced by the load reduction of a unit, and a higher surge water level is generated in the pressure regulating chamber. When all the units of the same hydraulic unit need to execute a load reduction command, in order to prevent the water level of a pressure regulating chamber from fluctuating violently and ensure the safety of a hydropower station, a method that one unit reduces the load firstly is often adopted, and the load reduction of the subsequent units is controlled after the water level of the pressure regulating chamber fluctuates stably.
For the long diversion tunnel power station, the longer the tunnel is, the longer the quality fluctuation period of the surge chamber is, the larger the amplitude is, and the slower the attenuation is. After the load of the unit is reduced, the water level fluctuation of the pressure regulating chamber is severe and is slowly attenuated. For example, after the load reduction of one unit of the same hydraulic unit is completed, although the water body of the pressure steel pipe can be quickly stabilized, the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is continuously fluctuated, and after the fluctuation of the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is attenuated to a certain degree or is basically stabilized, the subsequent unit can continue to perform the load reduction operation.
Generally, the longer the diversion tunnel, the longer the fluctuation time of the surge chamber, and the longer the waiting time in the process. By adopting the method for reducing the load of one unit until the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is stable and then executing the load reduction of the next unit, although the method is safe and reliable, the method is lack of flexibility for the operation of the unit, and the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is in a fluctuation state with large amplitude for a long time, which is not beneficial to the safety and stability of the pressure regulating chamber.
In summary, how to design an adjusting device in the process of reducing the load of the pumped storage power station to solve the problem of severe fluctuation of the water level in the surge tank after the load reduction of the unit, promote the fluctuation attenuation of the surge tank, and improve the flexibility of the operation of the unit becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a surge adjusting device for the in-process of pumping and storing power station implementation subtracts load for improve the violent undulant problem of water level in unit load reduction back surge-chamber, and promote the undulant decay in surge-chamber, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing surge-chamber-unit safety and stability operation, improve the flexibility of unit operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme: the regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber in the load shedding process of the pumped storage power station comprises a water turbine and a regulating component;
the water turbine is positioned in a power generation chamber of the pumped storage power station, the side wall of the power generation chamber is connected with an upstream water conduit, a guide vane ring is sleeved on the outer side of the water turbine, and a water inlet chamber is formed between the guide vane ring and the water turbine;
the adjusting assembly comprises a turntable, a baffle plate unit, a transmission structure and a motor for driving the turntable to rotate, the turntable is positioned below the guide vane ring, the motor is connected with the turntable through the transmission structure, the baffle plate unit is positioned in the water inlet chamber, and the baffle plate units are circularly arranged along the axis of the turntable;
the baffle unit comprises a rotating shaft and a water baffle, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the casing of the water turbine, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the rotary table, the water baffle is fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and a water inlet channel is formed between the water baffle and the guide vane ring.
Preferably, the transmission structure comprises a connecting plate, an arc-shaped gear plate and a transmission gear, one end of the connecting plate is fixed on the side wall of the rotary table, the other end of the connecting plate is connected with the arc-shaped gear plate through a fastener, the transmission gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the arc-shaped gear plate. So set up, the output shaft of motor passes through the gear drive structure and links to each other through the lateral wall of connecting plate with the carousel, is favorable to improving the transmission precision, and then has improved the water deflector along with pivot pivoted position precision among the adjusting part, at the unit load reduction in-process, has further promoted the decay of the amplitude of surging in the surge chamber of upper reaches.
Preferably, the bottom of the rotating disc is provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is fixed at the bottom of the rotating disc, and the end part of the rotating shaft is embedded in the connecting seat. So set up, the connecting seat is used for reducing the assembly degree of difficulty of pivot and carousel, is favorable to promoting the pivot along with carousel pivoted stability, and then is favorable to guaranteeing the pivoted uniformity between each baffle unit.
Preferably, the end of the rotating shaft is connected to the casing of the water turbine through a bearing. So set up, be favorable to further reducing the assembly degree of difficulty between pivot and the hydraulic turbine.
Preferably, a waterproof cover is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft connected with the casing, and the waterproof cover is connected with the casing. So set up, the buckler is used for forming the protection at the tip of pivot, avoids rivers to get into the hydraulic turbine from the tip of pivot in, is favorable to reducing the erosion of rivers to the pivot, and then has promoted adjusting part's life.
Preferably, the guide vane ring is internally provided with fixed guide vanes which are circularly arranged along the axis of the guide vane ring.
Preferably, the bottom of the water turbine is provided with a flow guide cover. So set up, the drainage cover is arranged in introducing the low reaches diversion conduit with the wake through the hydraulic turbine, is favorable to alleviating the pressure in the diversion conduit.
The utility model provides a pair of an adjusting device for reducing pumping storage power station load reduction process surge range in surge chamber compares with prior art, has following substantive characteristics and progress: the adjusting device utilizes the guide vane ring outside the water turbine and the baffle plate unit in the adjusting component to form a water inlet channel at the water inlet of the water turbine, the motor drives the turntable to rotate through the transmission structure to drive the water baffle plate connected with the rotating shaft to rotate together, the relative opening degree is adjusted in the water inlet channel, in the process of reducing the load of the pumping power station, the problem of severe fluctuation of the water level of the upstream pressure regulating chamber after the load of the unit is reduced is solved, the attenuation of the surge amplitude of the upstream pressure regulating chamber is promoted, and the flexibility of the unit operation is further improved on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the pressure regulating chamber-unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly structural diagram of an adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of a surge chamber in a load reduction process of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of a surge chamber in a load reduction process of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an isometric sectional view of an adjustment mechanism for reducing surge amplitude in a surge chamber during unloading of a pumped storage power plant in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a water level variation process line of the surge chamber with different delay time periods and different closing laws of the two-stage load reduction in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is the water level variation process line of the surge chamber of the utility model, which is generated when the superposition condition is favorable to adopt the two-stage load reduction closing rule and the original guide vane closing rule;
fig. 8 is the utility model discloses the stack operating mode takes place to adopt two stages of off-loads to close the law and adopt former stator to close law surge-chamber water level variation process line unfavorable constantly.
Reference numerals: 1. an upstream reservoir; 2. an upstream penstock; 3. an upstream surge chamber; 4. a power generation chamber; 5. a water turbine; 6. a guide vane ring; 7. an adjustment assembly; 8. a downstream penstock; 9. a connecting seat; 10. a waterproof cover; 11. a drainage cover; 71. a turntable; 72. a shutter unit; 73. a transmission structure; 74. a motor; 721. a rotating shaft; 722. a water baffle; 731. a connecting plate; 732. an arc-shaped gear plate; 733. a transmission gear.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the embodiment of the present invention provides an adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of a surge chamber in a load reduction process of a pumped storage power station, which aims to improve the problem of severe fluctuation of water level in the surge chamber after load reduction of a unit, promote the fluctuation attenuation of the surge chamber, and improve the flexibility of unit operation.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a this a adjusting device for reducing pump storage power station load reduction process surge range utilizes the baffle unit in guide vane ring and the adjusting part in the hydraulic turbine outside, forms inhalant canal in the water inlet department of the hydraulic turbine. The motor drives the turntable to rotate through the transmission structure, and drives the water baffle connected with the rotating shaft to rotate together, so that the relative opening degree is adjusted in the water inlet channel. In the process of reducing the load of the pumped storage power station, the problem of severe fluctuation of the water level of the upstream pressure regulating chamber after the load of the unit is reduced is solved, the attenuation of the surge amplitude of the upstream pressure regulating chamber is promoted, and the flexibility of unit operation is further improved on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the pressure regulating chamber and the unit.
Structure of regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load-reducing process of pumped storage power station
As shown in fig. 1, a regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of a surge chamber in a load reduction process of an extraction power station comprises a water turbine 5 and a regulating assembly 7.
The hydraulic turbine 5 is located in the power generation chamber 4 of the extraction power station. The side wall of the power generation chamber 4 is connected to the upstream penstock 2. The outer side of the water turbine 5 is sleeved with a guide vane ring 6. A water inlet chamber is formed between the guide vane ring 6 and the water turbine 5. The upstream penstock 2 is used to introduce the water in the upstream reservoir 1 into the power generation chamber 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting assembly 7 includes a turntable 71, a shutter unit 72, a transmission structure 73, and a motor 74 for driving the turntable 71 to rotate. The rotary disk 71 is located below the vane ring 6. The motor 74 is connected to the turntable 71 via a transmission 73. The baffle unit 72 is located within the intake chamber. The plurality of baffle units 72 are arranged in a circle along the axis of the turntable 71.
As shown in fig. 4 in conjunction with fig. 5, the shutter unit 72 includes a rotating shaft 721 and a water guard 722. One end of the rotating shaft 721 is connected to a casing of the hydraulic turbine 5. The other end of the rotary shaft 721 is connected to the rotary disk 71. The water guard 722 is fixed on the side wall of the rotation shaft 721. The water inlet passage is formed between the water guard 722 and the vane ring 6.
The guide vane ring 6 outside the water turbine 5 and the baffle unit 72 in the adjusting assembly 7 form a water inlet channel at the water inlet of the water turbine 5, and the motor 74 drives the rotary disc 71 to rotate through the transmission structure 73, so as to drive the water baffle 722 connected with the rotating shaft 721 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the relative opening degree in the water inlet channel.
As shown in fig. 1, a waterproof cover 10 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 721 connected to the casing. The waterproof case 10 is connected to the cabinet. So set up, the buckler 10 is used for forming the protection at the tip of pivot 721, avoids rivers to get into in the turbine 5 from the tip of pivot 721, is favorable to reducing rivers to the erosion of pivot 721, and then has promoted the life of adjusting part 7.
The bottom of the water turbine 5 is provided with a flow guide cover 11. So set up, the draft shield 11 is arranged in introducing the low reaches penstock 8 with the wake through hydraulic turbine 5, is favorable to alleviating the pressure in the penstock.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmission structure 73 includes a connection plate 731, an arc gear plate 732, and a transmission gear 733. One end of the connecting plate 731 is fixed to a side wall of the turntable 71. The other end of the connecting plate 731 is connected to the arc gear plate 732 by a fastener. A transmission gear 733 is mounted on an output shaft of the motor 74. The transmission gear 733 is engaged with the arc gear plate 732.
With such an arrangement, the output shaft of the motor 74 is connected with the side wall of the rotating disc 71 through the connecting plate 731 by the gear transmission structure 73, which is beneficial to improving the transmission precision, further improving the position precision of the water deflector 722 in the adjusting component 7 rotating along with the rotating shaft 721, and further promoting the attenuation of the surge amplitude in the upstream pressure regulating chamber 3 in the load reducing process of the unit.
As shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the rotary disk 71 is provided with a connecting seat 9. The connecting seat 9 is fixed at the bottom of the rotary disc 71. The end of the rotating shaft 721 is embedded in the connecting seat 9. So set up, connecting seat 9 is used for reducing the assembly degree of difficulty of pivot 721 and carousel 71, is favorable to promoting pivot 721 along with carousel 71 pivoted stability, and then is favorable to guaranteeing the pivoted uniformity between each baffle unit 72.
The end of the rotating shaft 721 is connected to the casing of the water turbine 5 through a bearing, for example. With this arrangement, it is advantageous to further reduce the difficulty in assembling the rotating shaft 721 and the water turbine 5.
The inside of the guide vane ring 6 is provided with fixed guide vanes which are circularly arranged along the axis of the guide vane ring 6. Wherein, the breakwater corresponds with fixed stator one-to-one, is favorable to forming even aperture in the inhalant canal. For example, the number of the fixed guide vanes is preferably 10 to 16, and the number of the water baffles is the same as that of the fixed guide vanes.
Principle of regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in provide a adjusting device for reducing pumping storage power station load reduction process surge range has confirmed this stator and has closedTime delay T of closed law 0 And relative opening degree tau of guide vane 0 . For a water delivery power generation system with an upstream surge chamber: when the load reduction working condition occurs, after one machine of the unit of the same hydraulic unit reduces the load, the water level of the surge chamber can reach the highest surge firstly, and by adopting the guide vane closing rule of the two-stage load reduction, the guide vane in the first stage is closed from the full opening degree to the delay period relative opening degree tau 0 And reducing the first wave crest of the surge chamber, then closing the unit in a delayed manner, ending the delay period until the unit is superposed with favorable action time, closing the unit in the second stage, and reducing subsequent surge of the surge chamber.
After the load reduction of the first stage of the unit, the pressure regulating chamber generates upward amplitude, the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is decreased after being increased to the highest water level, the maximum flow time of the inflow pressure regulating chamber is near the initial time, if the initial time is approximately used as the time of the maximum flow of the inflow pressure regulating chamber, the time of the load reduction of the second stage is near the maximum flow time of the outflow pressure regulating chamber after the half time T/2 of the fluctuation period of the pressure regulating chamber, the fluctuation attenuation of the pressure regulating chamber can be promoted, the delay time T0 takes the half time T/2 of the fluctuation period of the pressure regulating chamber as the initial value of trial calculation, and the optimal delay time is selected by trial calculation before and after the time period.
Relative opening degree tau of guide vane 0 The value of (a) needs to be determined by numerical simulation trial calculation. When tau is 0 When the opening degree is larger, the load reduction of the first stage of the unit is less, although the first wave crest of the pressure regulating chamber is lower, the downward amplitude generated subsequently is not enough to offset the upward amplitude generated after the load reduction of the second stage; when tau is 0 When the opening degree is smaller, the load reduction of the first stage of the unit is more, the first wave crest of the pressure regulating chamber is higher, and the subsequent downward amplitude can exceed the upward amplitude generated after the load reduction of the second stage. The principle of the trial calculation to determine a reasonable τ 0 is therefore primarily to ensure that the downward amplitude generated by the pressure regulating chamber after the first stage of load reduction is maximally cancelled by the upward amplitude generated by the pressure regulating chamber after the second stage of load reduction.
A certain diversion type hydropower station is provided with an upstream surge chamber, the arrangement scheme is one-hole two-machine, the closing rule of the guide vane adopts a section of straight line closing rule with the slope of 1/30s < -1 >, and the quality fluctuation period T of the surge chamber is about 200s.
As shown in fig. 6, when one unit is kept in normal operation, the other unit reduces the load until the opening of the guide vane is the opening of the delay break point, and a larger break point 0.5 is selected as the delay break point by comparing the calculation results of different delay break points 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, the load reduction of the first stage of the unit is less, the first peak of the pressure regulating chamber is lower, and the subsequent fluctuation amplitude is relatively smaller; when a smaller break point 0.3 is selected as a delay break point, the load reduction of the first stage of the unit is more, the first wave crest of the surge chamber is higher, and the subsequent fluctuation amplitude is also larger; when the middle break point 0.4 is selected as the delay break point, the first wave crest of the pressure regulating chamber is positioned between the front two, and the subsequent fluctuation amplitude is also positioned between the front two. Considering that the first peak of the pressure regulating chamber is higher when the first-stage load reduction is carried out to 0.3 opening degree; when the primary load reduction is performed to 0.5 degree of opening, although the peak of the surge chamber is small, the amplitude generated by the primary load reduction is hard to cancel out the amplitude generated by the secondary load reduction. Combining two factors, the relative opening degree tau of the break point of the guide vane delay period 0 And 0.4 can well control the fluctuation of the water level of the surge chamber after the load of the unit is reduced.
As shown in FIG. 7, the relative opening τ of the delay break point is determined 0 After 0.4 is taken, the second stage of the unit load shedding occurs around the favorable moment. Analysis shows that the half time of the fluctuation cycle of the water level of the pressure regulating chamber is T/2=100s, and the delay time periods are respectively 85s, 95s, 105s and 115s around the time period for trial calculation. When the load of the unit is reduced to 0.4 of the relative opening of the guide vane in the first stage, the unit is closed for a period of time in a delayed mode, the residual load of the unit is reduced, the water level fluctuation calculation results of the pressure regulating chamber in different delay time periods are compared, and when the delay time period is 95s, the water level fluctuation of the pressure regulating chamber after the load reduction in the second stage is small. Therefore, the load reduction method for optimally promoting the surge damping of the surge chamber is as follows: and closing the first-stage load reduction guide vane until the opening degree of the guide vane is 0.4, pausing the load reduction of the unit for 95s, and then performing second-stage load reduction.
As shown in fig. 8, compared with the original closing rule of the guide vane, the two-stage load reduction method is adopted to reduce the highest surge of the surge chamber after load reduction and quickly attenuate water level fluctuation. When the original guide vane closing rule is adopted for load reduction, the maximum value of a first wave crest of the pressure regulating chamber is 606.05m, and the water level of the pressure regulating chamber still fluctuates greatly when the pressure regulating chamber reaches 800 s; when the two-stage load reduction method is adopted, the maximum value of the first wave crest of the pressure regulating chamber is 601.15m, the reduction is about 5m, and the water level fluctuation of the pressure regulating chamber is basically stable after the load reduction of the unit is finished for 300 s.
It is worth to be noted that the above example is only analyzed from the working condition of one-hole two-machine load reduction, and for the power station with one hole and multiple machines and the working condition of load reduction after load increase, the two-stage load reduction can be regulated and controlled by the regulating and controlling device according to the above method, and the break point opening and the optimal delay time of the guide vane delay time are determined according to the above thought, so that surge of the surge chamber of other projects or working conditions can be quickly attenuated.
Claims (7)
1. A regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of a pressure regulating chamber in the process of load shedding of a pumped storage power station is characterized by comprising a water turbine and a regulating assembly;
the water turbine is positioned in a power generation chamber of the pumped storage power station, the side wall of the power generation chamber is connected with an upstream water conduit, a guide vane ring is sleeved on the outer side of the water turbine, and a water inlet chamber is formed between the guide vane ring and the water turbine;
the adjusting assembly comprises a turntable, a baffle plate unit, a transmission structure and a motor for driving the turntable to rotate, the turntable is positioned below the guide vane ring, the motor is connected with the turntable through the transmission structure, the baffle plate unit is positioned in the water inlet chamber, and the baffle plate units are circularly arranged along the axis of the turntable;
the baffle unit comprises a rotating shaft and a water baffle, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the casing of the water turbine, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the rotary disc, the water baffle is fixed on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and a water inlet channel is formed between the water baffle and the guide vane ring.
2. The adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of the surge chamber in the process of reducing load of the pumped storage power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission structure comprises a connecting plate, an arc-shaped gear plate and a transmission gear, one end of the connecting plate is fixed on the side wall of the rotating disc, the other end of the connecting plate is connected with the arc-shaped gear plate through a fastener, the transmission gear is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the arc-shaped gear plate.
3. The regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber in the process of reducing load of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom of the rotating disc is provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is fixed at the bottom of the rotating disc, and the end part of the rotating shaft is embedded in the connecting seat.
4. The regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of the surge chamber in the unloading process of the pumped storage power plant as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the end of the rotating shaft is connected with the casing of the water turbine through a bearing.
5. The adjustment device for reducing the surge amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber in the unloading process of the pumped storage power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein a waterproof cover is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft connected with the casing, and the waterproof cover is connected with the casing.
6. The modulation device for reducing surge amplitude in a surge chamber during turndown of a pumped storage power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vane ring has stationary vanes inside, said stationary vanes being arranged in a circle along an axis of the vane ring.
7. The regulating device for reducing surge amplitude of a surge chamber in a load reducing process of a pumped storage power plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a flow guide cover is arranged at the bottom of the water turbine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223019022.1U CN218816729U (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223019022.1U CN218816729U (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station |
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| CN218816729U true CN218816729U (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN202223019022.1U Active CN218816729U (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Adjusting device for reducing surge amplitude of surge chamber in load reduction process of pumped storage power station |
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