CN218801798U

CN218801798U - Positioning device for motor test bench

Info

Publication number: CN218801798U
Application number: CN202223307030.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李青山
Original assignee: Shenzhen Gobao Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Gaobiao Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-09
Filing date: 2022-12-09
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-09

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of motor test equipment, a positioner for motor test bench is disclosed. The motor fixing device aims at solving the problems that the operation of fixing the motor is complex and tedious during motor testing and the working efficiency is low. Motor test platform includes test platform and sets up test module and bearing frame on the test platform, positioner includes: the positioning piece can be connected to one end of the motor to be tested; one end of the positioning piece is provided with a first positioning shaft, and the first positioning shaft is inserted into the bearing seat; the other end of the positioning piece is provided with a flange plate, a first positioning part and a second positioning part which are arranged on the flange plate; the first positioning part corresponds to a disc brake hole at one end of the motor to be tested, and the second positioning part corresponds to a connecting shaft at one end of the motor to be tested, so that one end part of the motor to be tested can be coaxially arranged with the flange plate; the mounting, it can be fixed in the test platform with the other end of awaiting measuring the motor.

Description

Positioning device for motor test bench

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a motor test equipment's technical field especially relates to a positioner for motor testboard.

Background

At present, as electric energy becomes a power source to drive a vehicle to run and becomes a mainstream of modern vehicles, the requirement for a motor providing an electric energy power source is also increased. For motor and motor controller production application enterprises, in the production and experimental test process, the motor needs to be subjected to aging test to ensure the product quality of the motor. The aging test of the motor generally refers to the continuous and long-time full-load work of the servo motor, and the aging test is also called a baking machine or a burning machine, is a destructive test, and only a product which is successfully tested is an over-hard product.

The existing motor aging test is mainly performed by hands. An operator performs independent replacement operation on each motor, and the traditional motor test has important technical defects. Firstly, the motor needs to be replaced during the aging test, the motor is possibly installed inaccurately, the potential safety hazard of a certain degree can exist in the aging test process by the manual operation of a person, and the test efficiency is low. Secondly, the aging test of manual operation has high requirements on the test and installation of operators, and if the installation is inaccurate, the motor falls off in the test process and the like, the safety of the operators and the accuracy of the motor test are seriously affected, so how to accurately perform the aging test is always an urgent problem to be solved in the motor production.

At present, when an aging test experiment is performed on a motor, as known in a hub motor test system disclosed in patent CN202994994U, when the motor is fixed, a first clamp and a second clamp which fix the axis of the hub motor are generally adopted, and an adjusting rod is arranged at the bottom of the second clamp, and the fixed and adjusted hub motor is tested, but since the adjusting rod needs to be adjusted to a reasonable position, a worker needs to have higher experience, consumes time and labor, and has low working efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a positioner for motor test platform aims at solving current motor test experiment time fixed motor operation complicacy loaded down with trivial details, the low problem of work efficiency.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal: the positioning device is used for a motor test bench, the motor test bench comprises a test platform, a test module and a bearing seat, the test module and the bearing seat are arranged on the test platform, the bearing seat is used for connecting the motor test module and the positioning device, and a positioning piece can be connected to one end of a motor to be tested;

a first positioning shaft is arranged at one end of the positioning piece and inserted into the bearing seat;

the other end of the positioning piece is provided with a flange plate, a first positioning part and a second positioning part which are arranged on the flange plate;

the first positioning part corresponds to a disc brake hole at one end of the motor to be tested, and the second positioning part corresponds to a connecting shaft at one end of the motor to be tested, so that one end part of the motor to be tested can be coaxially arranged with the flange plate;

and the fixing part can fix the other end of the motor to be tested on the test platform.

Preferably, the first positioning portion includes a plurality of positioning columns, and the plurality of positioning columns are arranged along the circumferential direction of the flange plate, so that the plurality of positioning columns can correspond to the plurality of disc brake holes of the motor to be tested.

Preferably, the first positioning portion further includes a limiting seat, and the limiting seat is disposed at an end portion of the positioning column connected to the flange.

Preferably, the positioning column is rounded towards the end part of the motor to be tested.

Preferably, the second positioning portion is a stepped groove formed in the center of the flange plate, so that the positioning member and the connecting shaft of the motor to be tested are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, a reinforcing member is arranged at the position where the connecting shaft of the motor to be tested is connected with the stepped groove.

Preferably, the fixing member includes a mounting bracket, and a third positioning portion and a locking portion provided on the mounting bracket;

the third positioning part is matched and fixed corresponding to the center position of the motor to be tested, and the locking part is used for fixing the mounting frame and the test platform.

Preferably, the third positioning portion includes a second positioning shaft, one end of the second positioning shaft is fixed to the mounting frame, and the other end of the second positioning shaft is capable of being inserted into a central position of the to-be-tested motor.

Preferably, the mounting frame is provided with a positioning hole, and the second positioning shaft penetrates through the positioning hole;

the third positioning portion includes a positioning screw so that the second positioning shaft inserted into the positioning hole is fixed by the positioning screw.

Preferably, the locking part comprises a locking bolt, and a locking hole is formed in the mounting frame;

the locking bolt penetrates through the locking hole to fix the mounting frame on the test platform.

The utility model has the advantages that: in the technical scheme of the utility model, because the motor test module tests whether the power of the motor is qualified, when the motor is tested, the central position of the motor does not rotate, the central position of the motor is fixed, the motor outer disc rotates, and the motor test module is loaded to simulate the running state, so that the related data is obtained to judge whether the motor is qualified; firstly, fixing a motor testing module on a testing platform, correspondingly connecting one end of a bearing seat with the motor testing module, and inserting a first positioning shaft of a positioning piece into the other end of the bearing seat; then, the motor to be tested is connected with the fixing piece, the flange end face of the whole of the motor to be tested and the fixing piece, which faces the positioning piece, is directly pushed into the positioning piece in an aligned mode, the first positioning portion of the positioning piece is correspondingly connected with the disc brake hole of the motor to be tested, the second positioning portion of the positioning piece is correspondingly connected with the connecting shaft of the motor to be tested, and the accuracy of alignment of the positioning piece and the motor to be tested is guaranteed; finally, fixing the motor to be tested on the test platform through a fixing part; the motor to be tested can coaxially run stably without jumping when being tested. It is worth mentioning that when testing the motors of different power models of the same type and the same size model, because the standards of the connecting shaft and the disc brake hole are consistent, when testing the motors of different power models of a plurality of the same type and the same size model, only the fixing piece needs to be disassembled, and the replacement of the motors to be tested can realize quick replacement, reduce the assembly difficulty and improve the working efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a connection between a positioning member and a motor to be tested according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view illustrating an installation of a positioning element and a motor to be tested according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member connected to a motor to be tested according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor to be tested according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a front view of a motor test board according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a positioning device; 11. a positioning member; 111. a first positioning shaft; 112. a flange plate; 113. a first positioning portion; 1131. a positioning column; 1132. a limiting seat; 114. a second positioning portion; 1141. a stepped groove; 1142. a reinforcement; 12. a fixing member; 121. a mounting frame; 122. a third positioning part; 123. positioning holes; 124. a locking portion; 2. a test platform; 3. a test module; 31. a driver; 32. a first coupling; 33. a sensor; 34. a second coupling; 4. a bearing seat; 5. a motor to be tested; 51. a disc brake hole; 52. and (7) connecting the shafts.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation of the first and second features not being in direct contact, but being in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

Example one

Firstly, referring to fig. 1 to 6, the utility model provides a positioning device for a motor test bench, the motor test bench comprises a test platform 2, a test module 3 and a bearing seat 4 arranged on the test platform 2, the bearing seat 4 is used for connecting the motor test module 3 and the positioning device 1, and a positioning part 11 which can be connected to one end of a motor 5 to be tested; a first positioning shaft 111 is arranged at one end of the positioning member 11, and the first positioning shaft 111 is inserted into the bearing seat 4; the other end of the positioning member 11 is provided with a flange 112, and a first positioning portion 113 and a second positioning portion 114 which are arranged on the flange 112; the first positioning part 113 corresponds to the disc brake hole 51 at one end of the motor 5 to be tested, and the second positioning part 114 corresponds to the connecting shaft 52 at one end of the motor 5 to be tested, so that one end of the motor 5 to be tested can be coaxially arranged with the flange plate 112; and the fixing part 12 can fix the other end of the motor 5 to be tested on the test platform.

The positioning device of the motor test bench provided in this embodiment is described in terms of distance by using the positioning device of the motor aging test bench.

Specifically, the first positioning shaft 111 on the left side of the positioning element 11 included in the positioning device 1 can be directly inserted into the bearing seat 4 fixedly connected with the testing platform 2, the first positioning portion 113 on the flange plate 112 on the right side of the positioning element 11 can correspond to the disc brake hole 51 of the motor 5 to be tested, and the second positioning portion 114 can correspond to the connecting shaft 52 of the motor 5 to be tested, so as to be connected in an alignment manner, and the positioning accuracy and the running stability of the motor 5 to be tested and the positioning element 11 are ensured.

Wherein, the utility model discloses the examination that is aimed at motor 5 is to being the in-wheel motor, and mainly to electric bicycle wheel hub motor, electric automobile wheel hub motor and electric motorcycle wheel hub motor etc..

It is worth mentioning that the motor testing module tests whether the power of the motor is qualified, when the motor is tested, the central position of the motor does not rotate, the central position of the motor is fixed, the motor outer disc rotates, the motor testing module is loaded to simulate the running state, and relevant data are obtained to judge whether the power of the motor is qualified.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, when the positioning device 1 provided by the present invention is used to position a motor to be tested, firstly, the motor testing module is fixed on the testing platform 2, one end of the bearing seat 4 is correspondingly connected with the motor testing module 3, and the first positioning shaft 111 of the positioning element 11 is inserted into the other end of the bearing seat 4; then, the motor 5 to be tested is connected with the fixing part 12, and the whole of the motor 5 to be tested and the fixing part 12 is directly pushed in towards the flange end face of the positioning part 11 in an aligning way, wherein the first positioning part 113 of the positioning part 11 is correspondingly connected with the disc brake hole 51 of the motor 5 to be tested, the second positioning part 114 is correspondingly connected with the connecting shaft 52 of the motor 5 to be tested, and the accuracy of aligning the positioning part 11 with the motor 5 to be tested is ensured; finally, the motor 5 to be tested is fixed on the test platform 2 through a fixing part 12; the motor 5 to be tested can coaxially run stably without jumping when being subjected to aging test.

It is worth mentioning that when carrying out aging tests on motors of the same type and different power models of the same size and model, because the standards of the connecting shaft 52 and the disc brake hole 51 are the same, when carrying out aging tests on motors of different power models of a plurality of the same type and the same size and model, only the fixing part 12 needs to be disassembled, and the to-be-tested motor 5 is replaced, so that the quick replacement is realized, the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. That is, after the one-time installation, when installing or changing the motor, only need to lock mounting 12 after putting in place, work efficiency is high.

Referring to fig. 4, for example, the first positioning portion 113 includes a plurality of positioning pillars 1131, and the positioning pillars 1131 are disposed along the circumferential direction of the flange 112, so that the positioning pillars 1131 can correspond to the plurality of disc brake holes 51 of the motor 5 to be tested.

Specifically, through setting up a plurality of reference columns 1131 along the circumference of ring flange 112 to a plurality of dish hole 51 of stopping that a plurality of reference columns 1131 all can correspond the motor 5 that awaits measuring correspond the location, realize the purpose of accurate location.

It should be mentioned that, because the disc brake holes 51 on the motor 5 to be tested are generally three equal holes, that is, three equally divided disc brake holes 51 are arranged in a circumference of 360 degrees; through the corresponding trisection positioning columns 1131 arranged on the circumferential direction of the flange plate 112, when the motor 5 to be tested is inserted oppositely, the trisection positioning columns 1131 can exactly position the three disc brake holes 51, and the optimal positioning effect is realized. It should be mentioned that the number of the positioning pillars 1131 is generally selected to be the same as and the number of the positions of the disc brake holes 51 of the motor 5 to be tested, and the number of the positioning pillars 1131 may also be selected to be less than the number of the disc brake holes 51 of the motor 5 to be tested, but the positions need to be the same as long as the positioning of the positioning element 11 by the motor 5 to be tested can be aligned and determined.

Referring to fig. 4, for example, the first positioning portion 113 further includes a limiting seat 1132, and the limiting seat 1132 is disposed at an end of the positioning pillar 1131 connected to the flange 112.

Specifically, through being provided with spacing seat 1132 in reference column 1131's inboard, not only when reference column 1131 docks with the motor 5 that awaits measuring, spacing seat 1132 can play the injecing to both location to avoid flange face and the direct contact between the motor 5 that awaits measuring, in order to avoid the motor 5 that awaits measuring to rotate the wearing and tearing problem that causes mutual contact testing.

It is worth mentioning that a step is formed between the limiting seat 1132 and the positioning column 1131, and the circular area of the positioning seat is larger than that of the positioning column 1131, so as to realize the optimal limiting function of the limiting seat 1132.

Wherein, the length of the position-limiting seat 1132 is smaller than that of the positioning column 1131; preferably, the length of the limiting seat 1132 is 0.5-2 mm, as long as the limiting seat 1132 can separate the flange plate 112 from the motor 5 to be tested.

Referring to fig. 4, the locating post 1131 is illustratively rounded toward the end of the motor 5 to be tested.

Specifically, because reference column 1131 is towards the tip radius angle of awaiting measuring motor 5, avoid reference column 1131 when going on the opposite dress with awaiting measuring motor 5, the problem of bumping when the edges and corners of the tip of reference column 1131 is directly connected with awaiting measuring motor 5 causes the problem of reference column 1131 wearing and tearing, improves reference column 1131's life.

Referring to fig. 4, the second positioning portion 114 is exemplarily a stepped groove 1141 disposed at a central position of the flange 112, so that the positioning member 11 is disposed coaxially with the connecting shaft 52 of the motor 5 to be tested.

Specifically, the stepped groove 1141 is formed in the center of the flange plate 112, so that the stepped connecting shaft 52 of the motor 5 to be tested can be more reliably and stably assembled with the stepped connecting shaft, the positioning effect is good, and coaxial operation is better achieved without jumping.

Referring to fig. 4, for example, a reinforcing member 1142 is disposed at a position where the connecting shaft 52 of the motor to be tested 5 is connected to the stepped groove 1141.

Specifically, there is reinforcement 1142 through the position that is connected at connecting axle 52 and ladder groove 1141 to realize that ring flange 112 and the motor 5 that awaits measuring are direct more stable carry out synchro drive, improve and detect the rate of accuracy.

The reinforcement 1142 is preferably a bearing, which can improve the stability of the connection between the connection shaft 52 of the motor 5 to be tested and the flange 112.

Referring to fig. 5, for example, the fixing member 12 includes a mounting frame 121, and a third positioning portion 122 and a locking portion 124 disposed on the mounting frame 121; the third positioning portion 122 is fixed to the center of the to-be-tested motor 5 in a matching manner, and the locking portion 124 is used for fixing the mounting frame 121 to the testing platform 2.

Specifically, the third positioning portion 122 is used for being matched and fixed on the other side of the central position of the motor 5 to be tested, so that the positioning member 11 is stably fixed between the points to be tested, and the mounting frame 121 and the testing platform 2 are fixed through the locking portion 124.

Wherein, when carrying out the aging testing of the motor 5 that awaits measuring for the first time, only need fix third location portion 122 on the mounting bracket 121 and the central point of the motor 5 that awaits measuring to put, rethread locking part 124 fixes mounting bracket 121 and test platform 2, can realize the fixed action of the other end of the motor 5 that awaits measuring. When carrying out the aging testing with size motor, only need dismantle locking portion 124, change the motor and can carry out the aging testing of motor once more, whole test operation is simple convenient, and work efficiency is high.

Referring to fig. 5, the third positioning portion 122 exemplarily includes a second positioning shaft, one end of the second positioning shaft is fixed to the mounting frame 121, and the other end of the second positioning shaft can be inserted into a central position of the motor 5 to be tested.

Referring to fig. 5, specifically, the tail end of the second positioning shaft is fixed on the mounting frame 121, and the front end of the second positioning shaft is inserted into the center of the to-be-tested motor 5, so that the second positioning shaft can accurately and quickly fix the to-be-tested motor 5 and the mounting frame 121.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, for example, a positioning hole 123 is disposed on the mounting frame 121, and the second positioning shaft passes through the positioning hole 123; the third positioning portion 122 includes a positioning screw so that the positioning screw fixes the second positioning shaft inserted into the positioning hole 123.

Specifically, the second positioning shaft penetrates through the positioning hole 123 formed in the mounting frame 121, and the second positioning shaft inserted into the positioning hole 123 is fixed by the positioning screw, so that the motor 5 to be tested is fixed to the mounting frame 121.

The size of the other end of the second positioning shaft is matched with that of the positioning hole 123, and the shaft diameter of the main body of the second positioning shaft is larger than that of the connecting end of the main body of the second positioning shaft, so that the second positioning shaft can play a certain limiting role when being inserted into the positioning hole 123.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the locking portion 124 illustratively includes a locking bolt, and a locking hole is formed in the mounting bracket 121; and the locking bolt penetrates through the locking hole to fix the mounting frame on the test platform 2.

Specifically, the mounting frame is fixed on the test platform 2 by the locking bolt penetrating through the locking hole on the mounting frame, that is, the other side of the motor 5 to be tested is fixed with the test platform 2.

To sum up, the positioner 1 that this patent provided can treat that the motor that detects carries out accurate counterpoint, quick installation, and the motor that changes the outfit adopts counterpoint locate mode, for the general counterpoint frock of the motor of the same money size, has greatly improved production efficiency.

Example two

Referring to fig. 7, the utility model provides a motor test bench, the test module 3 includes a driver 31, a first coupler 32, a sensor 33, a second coupler 34, a bearing seat 4 and a positioning device 1 which are arranged on the test platform 2 in sequence;

wherein, be connected through first shaft coupling 32 between driver 31 and the sensor 33, bearing frame 4 is connected through second shaft coupling 34 with sensor 33, guarantees that each part of test module 3 can coaxial rotation when the test experiment, avoids taking place the problem of beating in the operation process.

Among them, the sensor 33 is preferably a torque sensor 33; the driver 31 is preferably a magnetic powder motor. Specifically, the driver 31 is used for simulating the running state of the motor 5 to be tested by applying an additional force, such as a stressed running mode and a braking mode of the motor at different moments. The torque sensor 33 collects the rotation data of the motor 5 to be tested to obtain the relevant test data.

It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, rearrangements and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioner for motor test platform, motor test platform includes test platform (2) and sets up test module (3) and bearing frame (4) on test platform (2), bearing frame (4) are used for connecting test module (3) with positioner (1), its characterized in that, positioner (1) includes:

a positioning member (11) which can be connected to one end of the motor (5) to be tested;

the positioning piece (11) comprises a first positioning shaft (111) arranged at one end part of the positioning piece, and the first positioning shaft (111) is inserted into the bearing seat (4);

the positioning piece (11) comprises a flange (112) arranged at the other end of the positioning piece, and a first positioning part (113) and a second positioning part (114) which are arranged on the flange (112);

the first positioning part (113) corresponds to a disc brake hole (51) at one end of the motor (5) to be tested, and the second positioning part (114) corresponds to a connecting shaft (52) at one end of the motor (5) to be tested, so that one end part of the motor (5) to be tested can be coaxially arranged with the flange plate (112);

a fixing part (12) capable of fixing the other end of the motor (5) to be tested to the testing platform (2).

2. The positioning device for the motor test bench according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning portion (113) comprises a plurality of positioning pillars (1131), and the plurality of positioning pillars (1131) are disposed along a circumferential direction of the flange (112) so that the plurality of positioning pillars (1131) can correspond to the plurality of disc brake holes (51) of the motor to be tested (5).

3. The positioning device for the motor test bench according to claim 2, wherein the first positioning portion (113) further comprises a limiting seat (1132), and the limiting seat (1132) is disposed at an end portion of the positioning column (1131) connected to the flange (112).

4. The positioning device for electric motor test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning posts (1131) are rounded towards the end of the electric motor to be tested (5).

5. The positioning device for the motor test bench according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the second positioning portion (114) is a stepped groove (1141) disposed at a central position of the flange (112), so that the positioning member (11) is disposed coaxially with the connection shaft of the motor (5) to be tested.

6. The positioning device for the motor test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that a reinforcing member (1142) is provided at a position where the connecting shaft (52) of the motor to be tested (5) is connected with the stepped groove (1141).

7. The positioning device for the motor test stand according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member (12) comprises a mounting bracket (121), and a third positioning portion (122) and a locking portion (124) provided on the mounting bracket (121);

the third positioning part (122) is matched and fixed with the center position of the motor (5) to be tested, and the locking part (124) is used for fixing the mounting frame (121) and the test platform (2).

8. The positioning device for a test bench of electric machines according to claim 7, characterized in that said third positioning part (122) comprises a second positioning shaft;

one end part of the second positioning shaft is fixed on the mounting frame (121), and the other end of the second positioning shaft can be inserted into the central position of the motor (5) to be tested.

9. The positioning device for the motor test stand according to claim 8, wherein a positioning hole (123) is configured on the mounting bracket (121), and the second positioning shaft passes through the positioning hole (123);

the third positioning portion (122) includes a positioning screw so that the positioning screw fixes the second positioning shaft inserted into the positioning hole (123).

10. The positioning device for the motor test stand according to claim 7, wherein the locking portion (124) comprises a locking bolt, and a locking hole is formed on the mounting frame (121);

the locking bolt penetrates through the locking hole to fix the mounting frame (121) on the test platform (2).