CN218782972U - Circuit protection switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of power control and electric automobile, in particular to a circuit protection switch, which comprises a shell, a smoke and fire device, a short-circuit device and a plug connector, wherein a static contact and a movable contact are arranged in the shell, when the movable contact is combined with the static contact, the current is allowed to flow through the switch, and when the movable contact is separated from the static contact, the current is interrupted to flow through the switch; the pyrotechnic device is arranged in the shell, receives a detonation signal through a pin of the pyrotechnic device when the current flowing through the switch is larger than a set value, and causes the movable contact and the fixed contact to be separated when the pyrotechnic device explodes; the short-circuit device is arranged outside the shell, pins of the pyrotechnic device penetrate through the shell to be connected with the short-circuit device, and the short-circuit device is used for short-circuiting the pins of the pyrotechnic device; when the plug-in is inserted into the short-circuit device, the plug-in interrupts the short-circuit of the pyrotechnic device. The circuit protection switch directly acts on the inside of the shell due to the explosion device, so that the required position is more reliably exploded, and the safety of a circuit and the personal is ensured.

Description

Circuit protection switch

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric power control and electric automobile, especially, relate to a circuit protection switch.

Background

High voltage direct current circuit protection switch generally is applied to new energy trades such as electric automobile, energy storage system, charging pile system, along with the rapid development of new energy trade, constantly improves to circuit protection switch's performance requirement and quantity demand. The high-voltage direct-current circuit protection switch uses a sealing technology to reduce the volume and the cost of a product, an explosive fuse is arranged outside the existing circuit protection switch, and when a circuit is abnormal due to large current and the like, the explosive fuse is detonated to act on a movable contact of the circuit protection switch, so that the movable contact and a fixed contact are separated to break the circuit, and the whole circuit is protected.

The explosive fuse is arranged outside a sealing cavity of the circuit protection switch, when the explosive fuse acts, the sealing structure must be firstly blasted to realize the function of disconnecting the circuit protection switch, and according to the acting force and the reacting force, the force for blasting the sealing cavity is equal to the force for blasting outwards, so that the structure outside the product must be strengthened. However, since the exterior needs to be insulated from the high-voltage end, and the exterior needs to use an insulating material, such as a shell made of plastic or ceramic materials, the strength of the plastic shell is insufficient, and the ceramic shell is not easy to be made into a complex reinforced shape, so that the insulating material fixed on the periphery is cracked and splashed during explosive safety blasting, even the product of the whole system is exploded accidentally, and the risk that the movable contact and the fixed contact inside the sealed cavity cannot be triggered to be separated still exists. For example, in the fuse integrated contactor disclosed in the prior patent application CN202210250275.5, in order to ensure the sealing effect and the connection strength of the ceramic cover, the prior ceramic cover is hermetically connected by using a ceramic brazing technology, the welding temperature of ceramic brazing is high, generally exceeding 800 ℃, and if an explosive fuse is arranged inside a sealed cavity of a circuit protection switch, the explosive fuse is accidentally detonated during ceramic welding; in addition, the pin of the explosive fuse is difficult to lead out of the sealed cavity, so that the explosive fuse is arranged in the sealed cavity of the switch, and great technical difficulty exists.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The explosive insurance setting of circuit protection switch for solving prior art existence is in seal chamber's outside, arouses the outside destructive explosion's of circuit protection switch problem during the blasting very easily, the utility model provides a circuit protection switch.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical proposal adopted by the utility model is that a circuit protection switch comprises,

a housing in which a stationary contact and a movable contact are provided, allowing a current to flow through the switch when the movable contact is combined with the stationary contact, and interrupting the current flow through the switch when the movable contact is separated from the stationary contact;

the pyrotechnic device is arranged in the shell, receives a detonation signal through a pin of the pyrotechnic device when the current flowing through the switch is larger than a set value, and causes the movable contact and the fixed contact to be separated when the pyrotechnic device explodes;

the short-circuit device is arranged outside the shell, pins of the pyrotechnic device penetrate through the shell to be connected with the short-circuit device, and the short-circuit device is used for short-circuiting the pins of the pyrotechnic device;

and a plug-in unit which interrupts the short circuit of the pyrotechnic device when the plug-in unit is inserted into the short circuit device.

Preferably, the pyrotechnic device comprises an igniter tube, a PCB and explosive filler arranged in the igniter tube, the pins of the pyrotechnic device comprise external pins and internal pins, the PCB is arranged in the shell, the internal pins are respectively electrically connected with the igniter tube and the PCB, and the external pins are electrically connected with the PCB and penetrate through the shell to be connected with the short-circuit device. Outside pin earlier with shell welding sealing connection, outside pin is connected with short-circuit device, inside pin is connected with the PCB board, place the PCB board in the casing again, outside pin is connected with the PCB board again, the PCB board plays the effect of safe switching-over, the safe casing of drawing forth of pin of pyrotechnic device of being convenient for, current explosive filler contains the carbon dust, if the outside switches on will form the return circuit, with the electric energy consumption of conducting material such as static, and ensure to produce this switch of assembly unusual at the temperature, safety when the temperature risees, effectively avoid pyrotechnic device because of static, unexpected blasting such as temperature anomaly, be convenient for produce, safety control during the transportation.

Further, a cavity for installing a PCB and an ignition tube is arranged in the shell, and the PCB is clamped in the cavity. The PCB is ensured to be firmly installed.

Further, a piston structure is arranged between the smoke and fire device and the movable contact, and when the smoke and fire device explodes, the piston and the movable contact of the piston structure are sequentially impacted, so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact. The piston structure ensures that the movable contact is pushed to be separated from the fixed contact conveniently, and ensures that the movable contact separated from the fixed contact cannot return to be combined again.

Preferably, the short-circuit device comprises a short-circuit body and a metal elastic sheet, the metal elastic sheet is arranged in the short-circuit body, the external pin is in contact with the metal elastic sheet for short circuit, and when the plug connector is inserted into the short-circuit body, the metal elastic sheet is stripped from the external pin by the plug connector so as to interrupt the short circuit of the pyrotechnic device. The short-circuit device is simple and reliable in structure and ingenious in design, and the contact and disconnection between the metal elastic sheet and the external pin can be controlled conveniently.

Further, the short circuit body is female joint, the plug connector is the sub-joint that matches with the short circuit body, works as when the short circuit body is inserted to the plug connector and the short circuit of interrupting pyrotechnic device, wire in the plug connector is connected with outside pin electricity. The plug connector is the standard component, if the plug connector setting is in electric automobile, when this switch of needs installation, the short circuit body just is connected with the plug connector, and the short circuit of pyrotechnic device is interrupted to the plug connector this moment, and the wire in the plug connector is connected with outside pin electricity, and this switch is in normal use state, plays the insurance effect when heavy current transships in the circuit.

Further, the casing includes ceramic cover and bottom plate, ceramic cover and bottom plate are through ceramic brazing sealing connection, outside pin passes ceramic cover and is connected with short circuit device, outside pin also is through ceramic brazing sealing connection with ceramic cover, the stationary contact exposes in ceramic cover, stationary contact also is through ceramic brazing sealing connection with ceramic cover. Ceramic brazing is sealed effectual, and joint strength is high, just because ingenious short-circuit device that has set up, just make pyrotechnic device can set up the inside at the casing, pyrotechnic device's explosive filler contains the carbon dust, short-circuit device switches on pyrotechnic device's outside and forms the return circuit, then can fall conducting material's such as static electric energy consumption, and ensure to produce this switch of assembly unusual at the temperature, safety when rising like the temperature, effectively avoid pyrotechnic device because of static, unexpected blasting such as temperature anomaly, be convenient for production, safety management and control during the transportation.

Furthermore, a protective shell is arranged outside the ceramic cover, a base part is arranged on the protective shell, the short circuit body is arranged on the base part, a partition plate extends outwards from the shell, and the partition plate is located between the static contact and the short circuit device. The switch is effectively protected by the protective shell, and the high-voltage current of the static contact and the low-voltage current of the pin of the explosive device are effectively isolated by the partition plate.

Further, a mistake proofing structure is arranged between the short circuit body and the base portion, and the mistake proofing structure is used for marking the installation position of the short circuit body. The installation of the short-circuit device is facilitated.

Has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a circuit protection switch, when this switch is connected to in the circuit, and when the plug connector inserted the short circuit body, the plug connector peeled off metal shrapnel from pyrotechnic device's pin, in order to interrupt pyrotechnic device's short circuit, simultaneously wire in the plug connector is connected with outside pin electricity, then the ignition tube was in normal operating condition this moment, when movable contact and stationary contact combined together, the electric current flowed through this switch, when the electric current that flows through this switch was greater than the setting value, when the electric current of circuit transships, the ignition tube received the detonation current through the pin, the explosive filler explosion, cause movable contact and stationary contact separation, flow through this switch with the interruption current, because of the explosive device sets up in the inside of casing, direct action is in the inside of casing, only need very little blasting power to cause movable contact and stationary contact separation, explode required position more reliably, ensure that external part can not explode, guarantee circuit and personal safety, and save the quantity of explosive filler, reduce cost by a wide margin;

2. the utility model discloses a circuit protection switch, pyrotechnic device sets up the inside at the casing, pyrotechnic device's pin passes through the outside of the ingenious casing of drawing forth of short-circuit device, the explosive that because of pyrotechnic device packs contains the carbon dust, short-circuit device switches on pyrotechnic device's outside and forms the return circuit, then can fall conducting material's such as static electric energy consumption, and ensure to produce this switch of assembly unusual at the temperature, safety when the temperature risees, effectively avoid pyrotechnic device because of static, unexpected blasting such as temperature anomaly, consequently, only just can activate pyrotechnic device when the electric current and the temperature that flow through this switch reach the certain grade, normally unable activation pyrotechnic device, be convenient for this switch production, safety management and control during transportation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the circuit protection switch of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of the circuit protection switch of the present invention, wherein the housing is not shown;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the circuit protection switch of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 3, wherein the metal dome contacts with an external lead;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3, wherein the metal shell is peeled off from the outer leads;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the short-circuit device of the circuit protection switch according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the short-circuiting device of the circuit protection switch according to the present invention, wherein the metal dome is in contact with the external pin;

fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the short-circuiting device of the circuit protection switch according to the present invention, wherein the metal dome is in a state where the external pin is peeled off;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a shell, 11, a ceramic cover, 111, a cavity, 12, a bottom plate, 2, a fixed contact, 3, a movable contact, 4, a pyrotechnic device, 41, pins, 411, external pins, 412, internal pins, 42, an ignition tube, 43, a PCB, 5, a short-circuit device, 51, a short-circuit body, 52, a metal elastic sheet, 53, a mistake-proof structure, 6, a piston structure, 7, a protective shell, 71, a base part, 72 and a partition plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a circuit protection switch comprises a housing 1, a pyrotechnic device 4, a short-circuiting device 5 and a plug connector, wherein a fixed contact 2 and a movable contact 3 are arranged in the housing 1, when the movable contact 3 is combined with the fixed contact 2, current is allowed to flow through the switch, and when the movable contact 3 is separated from the fixed contact 2, the current is interrupted to flow through the switch; the pyrotechnic device 4 is arranged inside the housing 1, and when the current flowing through the switch is greater than a set value, the pyrotechnic device 4 receives a detonation signal through a pin 41 thereof, wherein the detonation signal is a current in the embodiment, and when the pyrotechnic device 4 explodes, the movable contact 3 is separated from the fixed contact 2; the short-circuit device 5 is arranged outside the housing 1, the pin 41 of the pyrotechnic device 4 passes through the housing 1 and is connected with the short-circuit device 5, and the short-circuit device 5 is used for short-circuiting the pin 41 of the pyrotechnic device 4; when the plug is inserted into the short-circuit device 5, it interrupts the short-circuit of the pyrotechnic device 4.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the pyrotechnic device 4 includes an igniter tube 42, a PCB 43 and an explosive charge disposed in the igniter tube 42, the pin 41 of the pyrotechnic device 4 includes an external pin 411 and an internal pin 412, the PCB 43 is disposed in the housing 1, the internal pin 412 is electrically connected to the igniter tube 42 and the PCB 43, respectively, and the external pin 411 is electrically connected to the PCB 43 and connected to the short-circuiting device 5 through the housing 1; a cavity 111 for installing the PCB 43 and the ignition tube 42 is arranged in the shell 1, and the PCB 43 is clamped in the cavity 111; a piston structure 6 is arranged between the pyrotechnic device 4 and the movable contact 3, and when the pyrotechnic device 4 explodes, the piston of the piston structure 6 and the movable contact 3 are impacted in sequence, so that the movable contact 3 is separated from the fixed contact 2.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the short-circuit device 5 includes a short-circuit body 51 and a metal elastic sheet 52, the metal elastic sheet 52 is disposed in the short-circuit body 51, the external pin 411 is in short circuit with the metal elastic sheet 52 in a contact manner, and when the plug is inserted into the short-circuit body 51, the plug peels off the metal elastic sheet 52 from the external pin 411 to interrupt the short circuit of the pyrotechnic device 4; short circuit body 51 is the female joint, the plug connector is the sub-joint that matches with short circuit body 51, and the plug connector of this embodiment is the standard component, and the plug connector is not shown in the drawing, works as when the short circuit body 51 is inserted to the plug connector and the short circuit of interrupting pyrotechnic device 4, wire in the plug connector is connected with outside pin 411 electricity.

Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the housing 1 includes a ceramic cover 11 and a bottom plate 12, the ceramic cover 11 and the bottom plate 12 are hermetically connected by ceramic brazing, the external pin 411 passes through the ceramic cover 11 and is connected to the short-circuiting device 5, the external pin 411 and the ceramic cover 11 are also hermetically connected by ceramic brazing, the stationary contact 2 is exposed from the ceramic cover 11, and the stationary contact 2 and the ceramic cover 11 are also hermetically connected by ceramic brazing; as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a protective casing 7 is disposed outside the ceramic cover 11, a base portion 71 is disposed on the protective casing 7, the short-circuit body 51 is disposed on the base portion 71, a partition 72 extends outward from the casing, and the partition 72 is located between the stationary contact 2 and the short-circuit device 5; as shown in fig. 4 to 8, a mistake proofing structure 53 is provided between the short circuit body 51 and the base part 71, and the mistake proofing structure 53 is used for indicating the installation position of the short circuit body 51.

The lead-out process of the pins 41 of the pyrotechnic device 4 of the circuit protection switch is as follows:

firstly, the external pin 411 and the ceramic cover 11 are subjected to ceramic brazing sealing connection, then the internal pin 412 and the PCB 43 are subjected to tin soldering electric connection, the ignition tube 42 cannot be activated due to low tin soldering temperature, then the PCB 43 is placed in the cavity 111 of the shell 1, then the external pin 411 and the PCB 43 are subjected to tin soldering electric connection, and the ignition tube 42 cannot be activated due to low tin soldering temperature;

the shell is covered on the ceramic cover 11, the short circuit body 51 is installed on the base part 71, meanwhile, the external pin 411 is inserted into the short circuit body 51 and is in contact short circuit with the metal elastic sheet 52, at the moment, the ceramic cover 11 and the bottom plate 12 can be in ceramic brazing sealing connection, the explosive filler contains carbon powder, the short circuit device 5 conducts the outside of the pyrotechnic device 4 to form a loop, the electric energy of conductive substances such as static electricity can be consumed, the safety of the switch in production and assembly when the temperature is increased is ensured, the accidental blasting of the pyrotechnic device 4 due to static electricity and temperature abnormality is effectively avoided, therefore, the pyrotechnic device 4 can be activated only when the current and the temperature flowing through the switch reach a certain level, the pyrotechnic device 4 cannot be activated ordinarily, and the safety of the switch in production and transportation is facilitated.

The working principle of the circuit protection switch is as follows:

when the switch is connected to a circuit and the plug connector is inserted into the short circuit body 51, the plug connector peels off the metal elastic sheet 52 from the external pin 411 to interrupt the short circuit of the pyrotechnic device 4, and meanwhile, a lead in the plug connector is electrically connected with the external pin 411, the ignition tube 42 is in a normal working state at the moment, when the movable contact 3 is combined with the fixed contact 2, current flows through the switch, when the current flowing through the switch is larger than a set value, namely, the current of the circuit is overloaded, the ignition tube 42 receives detonation current through the pin 41, the explosive charge explodes and sequentially impacts the piston of the piston structure 6 and the movable contact 3, so that the movable contact 3 is separated from the fixed contact 2 to interrupt the current flowing through the switch, and the explosive device is arranged in the ceramic cover 11 and directly acts on the inside of the ceramic cover 11, so that the movable contact 3 is separated from the fixed contact 2 only by small explosive force, the required position can be reliably exploded, external parts can not explode, the safety of the circuit and the personal safety can be ensured, the usage amount of the explosive charge can be saved, and the cost can be greatly reduced.

Above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the design of the present invention, equivalent replacement or change should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A circuit protection switch, characterized by: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,

a housing (1), wherein a fixed contact (2) and a movable contact (3) are arranged in the housing (1), when the movable contact (3) is combined with the fixed contact (2), current is allowed to flow through the switch, and when the movable contact (3) is separated from the fixed contact (2), the current is interrupted to flow through the switch;

the pyrotechnic device (4) is arranged inside the shell (1), when the current flowing through the switch is larger than a set value, the pyrotechnic device (4) receives an ignition signal through a pin (41) of the pyrotechnic device, and when the pyrotechnic device (4) explodes, the movable contact (3) is separated from the fixed contact (2);

a short-circuit device (5), wherein the short-circuit device (5) is arranged outside the shell (1), a pin (41) of the pyrotechnic device (4) penetrates through the shell (1) to be connected with the short-circuit device (5), and the short-circuit device (5) is used for short-circuiting the pin (41) of the pyrotechnic device (4);

and a plug-in unit which interrupts the short circuit of the pyrotechnic device (4) when it is inserted into the short-circuit device (5).

2. The circuit protection switch of claim 1, wherein: the pyrotechnic device (4) comprises an ignition tube (42), a PCB (43) and an explosive charge arranged in the ignition tube (42), a pin (41) of the pyrotechnic device (4) comprises an external pin (411) and an internal pin (412), the PCB (43) is arranged in the shell (1), the internal pin (412) is electrically connected with the ignition tube (42) and the PCB (43) respectively, and the external pin (411) is electrically connected with the PCB (43) and penetrates through the shell (1) to be connected with the short-circuit device (5).

3. The circuit protection switch of claim 2, wherein: a cavity (111) for installing a PCB (43) and an ignition tube (42) is formed in the shell (1), and the PCB (43) is clamped in the cavity (111).

4. The circuit protection switch of claim 2, wherein: a piston structure (6) is arranged between the pyrotechnic device (4) and the movable contact (3), and when the pyrotechnic device (4) explodes, the piston of the piston structure (6) and the movable contact (3) are impacted in sequence, so that the movable contact (3) is separated from the fixed contact (2).

5. The circuit protection switch of claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein: short-circuit device (5) are including short-circuit body (51) and metal shrapnel (52), metal shrapnel (52) set up in short-circuit body (51), outside pin (411) and metal shrapnel (52) contact short circuit, work as when the short-circuit body (51) is inserted to the plug connector, the plug connector is peeled off metal shrapnel (52) from outside pin (411) to interrupt the short circuit of pyrotechnic device (4).

6. The circuit protection switch of claim 5, wherein: short circuit body (51) are female joint, the plug connector is the sub-joint that matches with short circuit body (51), works as when the short circuit of short circuit body (51) and interrupted pyrotechnic device (4) is inserted to the plug connector, wire in the plug connector is connected with outside pin (411) electricity.

7. The circuit protection switch of claim 5, wherein: casing (1) is including ceramic cover (11) and bottom plate (12), ceramic cover (11) and bottom plate (12) are through ceramic brazing sealing connection, outside pin (411) pass ceramic cover (11) and are connected with short-circuit device (5), outside pin (411) also are through ceramic brazing sealing connection with ceramic cover (11), stationary contact (2) expose in ceramic cover (11), stationary contact (2) also are through ceramic brazing sealing connection with ceramic cover (11).

8. The circuit protection switch of claim 7, wherein: the short-circuit protection device is characterized in that a protection shell (7) is arranged outside the ceramic cover (11), a base portion (71) is arranged on the protection shell (7), the short-circuit body (51) is arranged on the base portion (71), a partition plate (72) extends outwards from the shell, and the partition plate (72) is located between the static contact (2) and the short-circuit device (5).

9. The circuit protection switch of claim 8, wherein: an error-proof structure (53) is arranged between the short circuit body (51) and the base part (71), and the error-proof structure (53) is used for marking the installation position of the short circuit body (51).

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