CN218751232U - Relay control circuit applied to two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle - Google Patents
Relay control circuit applied to two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN218751232U CN218751232U CN202122872811.9U CN202122872811U CN218751232U CN 218751232 U CN218751232 U CN 218751232U CN 202122872811 U CN202122872811 U CN 202122872811U CN 218751232 U CN218751232 U CN 218751232U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a be applied to relay control circuit of two rounds of/tricycle electric motor cars, relay control circuit connects between power battery package and machine controller, including connecting in the positive relay of the owner between power battery package is anodal and machine controller positive pole, connect the main negative relay between power battery package negative pole and machine controller negative pole, and by the pre-charge circuit who establishes ties with the parallelly connected positive relay of owner again after pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistance are established ties, wherein main positive relay and main negative relay are high voltage direct current relay, pre-charge relay is printed circuit board formula relay, through the utility model provides a technical scheme, the relay control circuit hardware structure has been simplified, the hardware system volume has been reduced, the stability and the security of driving system work have been improved, relay mechanical life has been prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the relay, in particular to be applied to relay control circuit of two rounds of/tricycle electric motor cars.
Background
In the field of new energy vehicles, a high-voltage battery pack is generally adopted to provide power drive for an electric vehicle, a high-voltage direct-current relay is arranged between a battery system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle to ensure the normal on-off of an electric system, the high-voltage direct-current relay plays a role in isolation after the system stops running and plays a role in connection when the system runs, and when a vehicle is turned off or has a fault, an energy storage system can be safely separated from the electric system of the vehicle to play a role in breaking a circuit, so that the high-voltage direct-current relay is a key safety device of the new energy vehicle.
In the field of application of two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicles, the common working voltage is 24V and 36V, and the design of some two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicles reaches 60V, 72V, 84V and even 96V, but the traditional relay which is connected between a power battery pack and a motor controller of the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle and used as a control switch is usually 12V or 24V, and a DC-DC power supply converter is required to be configured to drive the electric vehicle to normally operate, so that the size of a relay control circuit is large, meanwhile, the traditional relay adopts the opening and closing of a mechanical contact to complete the circuit on-off, the reliability, the stability and the safety of the relay control circuit are easily influenced by mechanical abrasion, electric arc burning and the like, and an attempt is made to transplant a high-voltage direct current relay which has the characteristics of good application effect, good high voltage resistance, good impact resistance and breaking capacity in a new energy vehicle to the field of the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle to gradually enter application research.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a be applied to relay control circuit and high-voltage direct current relay of two rounds of/tricycle electric motor cars to solve the problem that prior art hardware structure is complicated, bulky, not high pressure resistant, stability and reliability are not high.
The utility model provides a technical scheme as follows that its technical problem provides:
the utility model provides a relay control circuit applied to a two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle, which is connected between a power battery pack and a motor controller and comprises a main positive relay connected between the positive pole of the power battery pack and the positive pole of the motor controller, a main negative relay connected between the negative pole of the power battery pack and the negative pole of the motor controller, and a pre-charging circuit connected in parallel with the main positive relay after being connected in series with a pre-charging relay and a pre-charging resistor; the relay control circuit is used for meeting the requirements of switching on and off a power battery system loop and realizing the transient impact prevention function on a high-voltage circuit, and controlling the switching on and off of positive and negative buses of a power battery pack and the switching in and out of a pre-charging cathode.
Preferably, main positive relay and main negative relay are high voltage direct current relay, can charge and discharge more safely, start, travel and shut down.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current relay adopts a wide voltage coil structure, the wide voltage range is 5V-96V, better adaptability and universality are achieved, and a DC-DC circuit is not required to be used for voltage conversion in hardware design.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current relay comprises a ceramic vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and is aging-resistant, strong in impact resistance and strong in arc-extinguishing capability.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current relay comprises silver alloy contacts, so that the high-voltage direct-current relay is resistant to adhesion and arc burning.
Preferably, the pre-charging relay adopts a printed circuit board type relay, so that the complexity of hardware design is reduced and the working stability of the system is improved.
The beneficial effects of the utility model include:
in a first aspect, the utility model discloses a high voltage direct current relay replaces traditional relay, can improve the stability, reliability and the security of driving system work, simultaneously through adopting wide voltage coil structure, makes the commonality of relay better, do not need the DC-DC device to carry out voltage conversion to electrical system's hardware architecture has been simplified.
In the second aspect, the main positive/negative relay adopts a ceramic vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber for arc extinction and a silver alloy contact, so that the service life of the relay is prolonged, and the safety and the reliability of the system are enhanced.
In the third aspect, the pre-charging relay adopts a printed circuit board type relay, so that the hardware structure of the system is simplified, and the stability of the system is improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a relay control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage direct-current relay provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
The attached drawings are as follows:
1-a high-voltage direct-current relay; 2-printed circuit board type relay;
3-wide voltage coil; 4-ceramic vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber; 5-silver alloy contact.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will explain embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a relay control circuit for two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle, the relay control circuit is connected between a power battery pack and a motor controller, including a main positive relay connected between the positive pole of the power battery pack and the positive pole of the motor controller, a main negative relay connected between the negative pole of the power battery pack and the negative pole of the motor controller, and a pre-charging circuit connected in parallel with the main positive relay after being connected in series with a pre-charging relay and a pre-charging resistor.
Specifically, the interface of the power battery pack for outputting power is unique, and power can be output to the whole vehicle only when the main negative relay and the main positive (or pre-charging) relay are closed. When an emergency fault occurs, all relays must be cut off to ensure that the power battery pack does not output power any more, so that the power of the two-wheel/three-wheel vehicle is cut off, and the on-off of a relay control circuit, namely a main positive relay, a main negative relay and a pre-charging relay, is controlled by a battery management system. The control logic of the relay control circuit is as follows: the battery management system is carried out according to a certain time sequence when the control relay is closed, and in order to prevent the relay from being burnt out by large current caused by the pressure difference between the power battery pack and the load on the whole vehicle side, a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay are added into the relay control circuit to reduce the output current of the power battery pack after the main and negative relays and the pre-charging relay are closed. When the pre-charging voltage reaches 95% of the total voltage of the power battery pack, the pre-charging is considered to be successful, the main positive relay is closed, then the pre-charging relay is disconnected, and the power battery pack is in a dischargeable state. Similarly, when the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle is powered off, the relay is disconnected according to a certain time sequence.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are high voltage direct current relays.
In particular, the high-voltage direct-current relay is a key safety device of a new energy automobile, and if the high-voltage direct-current relay is not used, the electric automobile cannot be started, driven and stopped. At present, the working voltage of a new energy automobile is far higher than 12V/24V of a traditional automobile, the high-voltage direct-current relay product is required to have the characteristics of good high voltage resistance, impact resistance and breaking capacity due to the high working platform voltage, and the high-voltage direct-current relay with the characteristics is transplanted to a two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle for application, so that the reliability and safety of a relay control circuit of the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle are better.
The high voltage of the high-voltage direct-current relay is relative to the low voltage of the traditional power battery system, such as 12V, 24V, 36V and the like. The current two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle adopts 60V, 72V, 96V or higher power supply configuration, and the relay meeting the use requirement of the voltage stage can be called as a high-voltage direct-current relay.
Furthermore, the high-voltage direct-current relay adopts a wide voltage coil structure, and the wide voltage range is 5V-96V.
Specifically, the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle generally uses 24V and 36V working voltage, at present, a considerable number of products use 48V, 60V, 72V, 84V and even 96V, and under the condition that a DC-DC circuit is not needed, a wide voltage coil structure is adopted, so that the relay has better applicability.
Further, the high voltage direct current relay comprises a ceramic vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber.
Specifically, an arc is a gas discharge phenomenon in which, in a switching system, two contacts that are originally in contact are energized with a large current, and at the moment when the contacts are opened, electrons or ions are dissociated into air and an electric spark is instantaneously generated, so that the surrounding air is self-sustaining conductive, so that the two contacts are also conductive during the occurrence of an arc. The process of arc duration, known as arcing, lasts anywhere from tens to hundreds of milliseconds, typically no more than a second, but during the entire arcing period, the arc carries significant energy and high temperatures that can cause instantaneous ignition of surrounding combustibles, causing a fire or explosion. However, under vacuum conditions, there is no medium available for ionization, and arcing is difficult, but still possible. At the moment of separation of the moving contact and the static contact, metal on the contacts is gasified to form a metal ion channel, and an electric arc is formed in the channel. In general, the higher the degree of vacuum, the less likely it is to break down and the more difficult it is to form an arc. In an ideal state, the dielectric strength can reach a level of 10000V per 0.1 mm. However, when the vacuum reaches a certain level, further improvement will not help to lower the breakdown voltage, the easier the arc is formed and maintained, i.e. the longer the arcing time. The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is obtained and needs good materials and sealing technology to realize. The ceramic sealed arc-extinguishing chamber is adopted, the high-temperature resistance of the ceramic is utilized, the arc temperature is extremely high (the center can reach 5000 ℃), common materials cannot bear the temperature, and the ceramic can just meet the requirement.
Further, the high voltage direct current relay comprises a silver alloy contact.
Specifically, the contacts of the relay are normally open or normally closed, that is, the contacts of the relay are simply understood as the contacts where the normally open or normally closed switch makes a signal on or off. Common materials for relay contact materials are: at present, most of relays adopt copper-based contacts which are easily oxidized in air to cause the performance reduction of products, and a sealed cavity is adopted to prevent the oxidation of the contacts; the silver alloy contact is selected for some relays, so that the defect can be overcome, and the silver alloy contact has the characteristics of adhesion resistance and arc burning resistance, and is an ideal anti-arc material in the high-voltage direct-current relay.
Furthermore, the pre-charging relay adopts a printed circuit board type relay, so that the complexity of hardware design is reduced and the working stability of the system is improved.
Specifically, the pre-charge relay is designed to prevent a power-on transient impact of the high-voltage system, and plays a role when the high-voltage system is powered on. In order to facilitate control and fully improve the working stability of the system, the complexity of hardware design of the high-voltage safety management system is reduced, and the pre-charging relay is more reasonable by adopting a printed circuit board type relay. The pre-charging relay and the pre-charging resistor jointly form a pre-charging circuit, and the working principle is as follows: when the two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle receives an effective command sent by a battery management system for switching on a high-voltage circuit, the system firstly closes a pre-charging relay and a main negative relay under the control of a controller, if the voltage at two ends of the high-voltage system reaches 90% or more (if the voltage can be preset to 95%) of the voltage at two ends of a power battery pack within a preset pre-charging time (the maximum time can be set to 10 s), the success of the pre-charging operation of the high-voltage circuit is judged, then the main positive relay is switched on, and the pre-charging relay is switched off; otherwise, judging that the precharge operation fails, and stopping the high-voltage circuit from being switched on.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. Be applied to relay control circuit of two rounds of/tricycle electric motor cars, relay control circuit connects between power battery package and motor controller, including connecting in the main positive relay between power battery package is anodal and motor controller positive pole, connecting in the main negative relay between power battery package negative pole and motor controller negative pole and by pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistance establish ties back again with the parallelly connected pre-charge circuit of main positive relay, its characterized in that, main positive relay and main negative relay are high voltage direct current relay, high voltage direct current relay adopts wide voltage coil structure, the scope of wide voltage is 5V-96V.
2. The relay control circuit applied to a two/three wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage direct current relay includes a ceramic vacuum arc extinguishing chamber.
3. The relay control circuit applied to a two/three wheeled electric vehicle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the high voltage direct current relay includes silver alloy contacts.
4. The relay control circuit for a two/three wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the pre-charge relay is a printed circuit board type relay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122872811.9U CN218751232U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Relay control circuit applied to two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122872811.9U CN218751232U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Relay control circuit applied to two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218751232U true CN218751232U (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122872811.9U Active CN218751232U (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Relay control circuit applied to two-wheel/three-wheel electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218751232U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202122872811.9U patent/CN218751232U/en active Active
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