CN218717035U - Aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system - Google Patents
Aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218717035U CN218717035U CN202222460285.XU CN202222460285U CN218717035U CN 218717035 U CN218717035 U CN 218717035U CN 202222460285 U CN202222460285 U CN 202222460285U CN 218717035 U CN218717035 U CN 218717035U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an aluminium electroloysis flue gas waste heat utilization system. The system comprises a gas collection system, a flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system and a power generation system; the flue gas is collected by the gas collection system, the flue gas exchanges heat with an organic medium by the flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system, and then the organic medium enters the power generation system to generate power. The utility model has the advantages of effect: the utility model has high electrolytic flue gas collection efficiency, small electrolytic flue gas amount in outlet compared with the traditional electrolytic cell and high electrolytic flue gas temperature. The waste heat of the electrolysis flue gas is fully utilized and converted into electric energy, and the waste heat can be conveniently used for various procedures of an aluminum electrolysis plant, so that the utilization rate of aluminum electrolysis energy is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste heat utilization system especially relates to an aluminium electroloysis flue gas waste heat utilization system.
Background
The aluminum industry is an important basic raw material industry for national economic development, but is also a high-energy-consumption and high-pollution industry. The annual output of the electrolytic aluminum is about 3700 ten thousand tons, and the electricity consumption accounts for 6.67 percent of the total amount of the whole country. The energy consumption for producing one ton of electrolytic aluminum is about 13500 kwh, the carbon emission converted into carbon emission is about 10.69-14.62 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of aluminum, the carbon emission accounts for about 75% of the total carbon emission of the whole aluminum life cycle, the carbon emission accounts for about 5.4% of the carbon emission of the second industry nationwide, and the carbon emission accounts for about 4.5% of the total carbon emission of China. Theoretically, the direct current power consumption of the aluminum electrolysis is only 6320 kWh/t & Al, but actually, the direct current power consumption of the aluminum electrolysis is about 12700 kWh/t & Al, the electric energy utilization rate is only about 50%, and the rest of electric energy is directly dissipated in a waste heat mode. Wherein, the residual heat of the electrolytic flue gas accounts for 30 to 40 percent of the total residual heat, so the residual heat utilization of the electrolytic flue gas is very important.
The aluminum electrolysis flue gas takes carbon dioxide as a main component and takes fluoride, sulfur dioxide and dust as main pollutants. The temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the electrolytic cell is related to the gas collection system of the electrolytic cell, the sealing condition of the electrolytic cell, the environmental temperature and the smoke discharge amount, and is generally 110 to 160 ℃. A large amount of heat energy is dissipated to the air along with the emission of the electrolysis flue gas. In addition, the higher the electrolysis flue gas temperature is, the larger the volume flow is, and the higher the power consumption of the fan of the electrolysis flue gas purification system is.
At present, the waste heat utilization of the electrolytic flue gas mainly adopts a heat exchange mode, and the recovered heat is used for heating and bathing and is applied to a plurality of domestic aluminum plants. However, the heat recoverable by the heat exchange mode is far more than that required by heating and bathing, and heating is not required in summer and south, so that the heat is not fully utilized. Therefore, it is very important to develop a novel electrolytic flue gas waste heat utilization system and fully utilize the electrolytic flue gas waste heat.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem the utility model provides an aluminium electroloysis flue gas waste heat utilization system, the purpose can make full use of electrolysis flue gas waste heat to improve aluminium electroloysis energy utilization and rate, reduce aluminium electroloysis carbon and discharge.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized as follows: an aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises a gas collection system, a flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system and a power generation system; the flue gas is collected by the gas collection system, the flue gas exchanges heat with an organic medium by the flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system, and then the organic medium enters the power generation system to generate power.
The gas collection system comprises an electrolytic bath and an electrolysis flue gas smoke tube connected with the electrolytic bath, the electrolytic bath is sealed, the electrolytic bath is of an upper flue gas collection structure, and the electrolysis flue gas smoke tube is used for pipeline heat preservation.
The electrolytic cell is sealed by adopting a sealing material which is high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant, high in strength flexibility and long in service cycle, and the sealing materials are sealed between an anode guide rod of the electrolytic cell and a horizontal cover crack, between a cell door and a door-shaped upright post, between a corner sealing cover and the horizontal cover, between the corner sealing cover and a side sealing cover, between the corner sealing cover and the door-shaped upright post and between arc sealing covers, so that the sealing rate of the electrolytic cell is improved.
The electrolytic flue gas smoke pipe is used for insulating the pipeline, and an insulating material is arranged in the pipeline or outside the pipeline.
The flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system is a heat exchanger, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, an organic working medium inlet and an organic working medium outlet are arranged on the heat exchanger, and the organic working medium is heated in the heat exchanger by using the heat of the flue gas to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam.
The power generation system comprises an expander connected with an organic working medium steam pipeline, an outlet of the expander is connected with a condenser, an outlet of the condenser is connected with a working medium pump, the working medium pump is connected with an organic working medium liquid pipeline, the organic working medium liquid pipeline is connected with an organic working medium inlet, an organic working medium outlet is connected with the organic working medium steam pipeline, and the working medium pump is heat insulation pressurization equipment.
The condenser is provided with a condensed water inlet pipe and a condensed water outlet pipe, and the condensed water exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the condenser.
The high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam pushes the expansion machine to do work, the expansion machine outputs power to the generator to output electric energy, and the high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam is changed into low-temperature low-pressure organic working medium steam after adiabatic expansion.
A method for utilizing a system for utilizing the waste heat of aluminum electrolysis flue gas comprises the steps of conveying the flue gas generated by an electrolytic cell to a heat exchanger through an electrolytic flue gas smoke pipe to exchange heat with an organic working medium, heating the organic working medium into high-temperature high-pressure organic steam, enabling the high-temperature high-pressure organic steam to enter a driving expansion machine to do work, outputting power to a generator by the expansion machine to generate power, discharging low-temperature low-pressure organic steam from an outlet of the expansion machine after the high-temperature high-pressure organic steam is subjected to adiabatic expansion, enabling the low-temperature low-pressure organic steam to enter a condenser, condensing the organic steam into a liquid state through condensate water heat exchange, pressurizing the organic steam through a working medium pump, and sending the organic steam back to the heat exchanger for recycling.
The temperature of the electrolytic flue gas in the electrolytic flue gas flue tube from the outlet of the electrolytic cell to the front of the heat exchanger is reduced by no more than 5 ℃; the low-temperature and low-pressure organic steam in the condenser is isobarically condensed to liquid by condensed water, and the high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam has a low boiling point.
The utility model has the advantages of effect: the utility model adopts the upper flue gas collection structure to seal the electrolytic bath, so that the electrolytic flue gas collection efficiency is high, the electrolytic flue gas volume is less than that of the traditional electrolytic bath outlet, and the electrolytic flue gas temperature is high. The electrolytic flue gas volume after heat exchange is reduced, the flue gas temperature is low, the service life of a cloth bag of the electrolytic flue gas purification system is prolonged, the desulfurization water consumption is reduced, and the air volume and the air pressure of a main induced draft fan of the electrolytic flue gas purification system are reduced, so that the power consumption of the electrolytic flue gas purification system is reduced. The waste heat of the electrolysis flue gas is fully utilized and converted into electric energy, and the waste heat can be conveniently used for various procedures of an aluminum electrolysis plant, so that the utilization rate of aluminum electrolysis energy is effectively improved. The utilization of the waste heat of the electrolysis flue gas is not limited by regions and the total amount of heat energy, and the method can be conveniently applied to aluminum electrolysis plants in various regions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electrolytic cell; 2. an electrolytic flue gas flue tube; 3. a heat exchanger; 4. an expander; 5. a generator; 6. a condenser; 7. a working medium pump; 8. an organic working medium steam pipeline; 9. a condensed water inlet pipe; 10. an organic working medium liquid pipeline; 11. and a condensed water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the drawings.
As shown in the figure, the utility model relates to an aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system, which comprises a gas collection system, a flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system and a power generation system; the flue gas is collected by the gas collection system, the flue gas exchanges heat with an organic medium by the flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system, and then the organic medium enters the power generation system to generate power.
The gas collection system comprises an electrolytic cell 1 and an electrolytic flue gas smoke tube 2 connected with the electrolytic cell, the electrolytic cell 1 is sealed, the electrolytic cell 1 is of an upper flue gas collection structure, and the electrolytic flue gas smoke tube 2 is used for pipeline heat preservation.
The electrolytic tank 1 is sealed by adopting a sealing material which is high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant, high in strength and softness and long in service cycle, and the embodiment adopts ceramic fiber cloth. The sealing is carried out between the anode guide rod of the electrolytic cell and the horizontal cover crack, between the cell door and the door-shaped upright post, between the corner sealing cover and the horizontal cover, between the corner sealing cover and the side sealing cover, between the corner sealing cover and the door-shaped upright post and between the arc sealing covers, thus improving the sealing rate of the electrolytic cell.
The electrolytic flue gas smoke pipe 2 is used for carrying out pipeline heat preservation, and heat preservation materials are arranged in the pipeline or outside the pipeline.
The flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system is a heat exchanger 3, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, an organic working medium inlet and an organic working medium outlet are arranged on the heat exchanger 3, and the organic working medium is heated in the heat exchanger 3 by using the heat of the flue gas to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam.
The power generation system comprises an expansion machine 4 connected with an organic working medium steam pipeline 8, an outlet of the expansion machine 4 is connected with a condenser 6, an outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with a working medium pump 7, the working medium pump 7 is connected with an organic working medium liquid pipeline 10, the organic working medium liquid pipeline 10 is connected with an organic working medium inlet, an organic working medium outlet is connected with the organic working medium steam pipeline 8, and the working medium pump 7 is heat insulation pressurization equipment.
The condenser 6 is provided with a condensed water inlet pipe 9 and a condensed water outlet pipe 11, and the condensed water exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the condenser 6.
The high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam pushes the expansion machine 4 to do work, the expansion machine 4 outputs power to the generator 5 to output electric energy, and the high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam is changed into low-temperature low-pressure organic working medium steam after adiabatic expansion.
A method for utilizing a system for utilizing the waste heat of aluminum electrolysis flue gas comprises the steps of conveying the flue gas generated by an electrolytic cell 1 to a heat exchanger 3 through an electrolytic flue gas smoke pipe 2 to exchange heat with an organic working medium, heating the organic working medium into high-temperature high-pressure organic steam, enabling the high-temperature high-pressure organic steam to enter a driving expansion machine 4 to do work, outputting power to a generator 5 by the expansion machine 4 to generate power, discharging the low-temperature low-pressure organic steam from an outlet of the expansion machine 4 after the high-temperature high-pressure organic steam is subjected to adiabatic expansion, enabling the low-temperature low-pressure organic steam to enter a condenser 6 to be condensed into a liquid state through condensate water heat exchange, pressurizing by a working medium pump 7, sending the organic steam back to the heat exchanger for recycling, and sending the flue gas discharged from the heat exchanger 3 to a purification system.
The temperature of the electrolytic flue gas in the electrolytic flue gas flue pipe 2 from the outlet of the electrolytic cell 1 to the front of the heat exchanger is reduced by no more than 5 ℃; the low-temperature and low-pressure organic steam is isobarically condensed to liquid by condensed water in the condenser 6, and the high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam has a low boiling point. After the electrolytic cell is sealed and the flue gas smoke tube is subjected to heat preservation treatment, the temperature of the flue gas reaches 120-180 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure organic steam reaches 90-120 ℃, the pressure is 1-2MPa, the volume of the flue gas discharged from the heat exchanger 3 is reduced by 5-20%, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the heat exchanger is reduced by 30-80 ℃.
Claims (9)
1. An aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system is characterized by comprising a gas collection system, a flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system and a power generation system; the flue gas is collected by the gas collection system, the flue gas exchanges heat with an organic medium by the flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system, and then the organic medium enters the power generation system to generate power.
2. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the gas collection system comprises an electrolysis cell and an electrolysis flue gas smoke tube connected with the electrolysis cell, the electrolysis cell is sealed, the electrolysis cell is of an upper flue gas collection structure, and the electrolysis flue gas smoke tube is used for pipeline heat preservation.
3. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, wherein the electrolytic cell sealing adopts a sealing material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength flexibility and long service cycle, and the sealing is performed between the anode guide rod of the electrolytic cell and the horizontal cover crack, between the cell door and the door-shaped upright post, between the corner sealing cover and the horizontal cover, between the corner sealing cover and the side sealing cover, between the corner sealing cover and the door-shaped upright post and between the arc sealing covers, so as to improve the sealing rate of the electrolytic cell.
4. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, wherein the electrolysis flue gas flue pipe is provided with a heat insulation material inside or outside the pipeline for heat insulation of the pipeline.
5. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas-organic working medium heat exchange system is a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, an organic working medium inlet and an organic working medium outlet, and the organic working medium is heated by the heat of the flue gas in the heat exchanger to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam.
6. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation system comprises an expander connected with an organic working medium steam pipeline, an outlet of the expander is connected with a condenser, an outlet of the condenser is connected with a working medium pump, the working medium pump is connected with an organic working medium liquid pipeline, the organic working medium liquid pipeline is connected with an organic working medium inlet, an organic working medium outlet is connected with the organic working medium steam pipeline, and the working medium pump is a heat insulation pressurization device.
7. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the condenser is provided with a condensed water inlet pipe and a condensed water outlet pipe, and the condensed water exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the condenser.
8. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam pushes an expansion machine to do work, the expansion machine outputs power to a generator to output electric energy, and the high-temperature high-pressure organic working medium steam is subjected to adiabatic expansion and then is changed into low-temperature low-pressure organic working medium steam.
9. The aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature of the electrolysis flue gas in the electrolysis flue gas flue pipe from the outlet of the electrolysis bath to the front of the heat exchanger is reduced by no more than 5 ℃; the low-temperature and low-pressure organic steam in the condenser is isobarically condensed to liquid by condensed water, and the high-temperature and high-pressure organic steam has a low boiling point.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222460285.XU CN218717035U (en) | 2022-09-17 | 2022-09-17 | Aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system |
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| CN202222460285.XU CN218717035U (en) | 2022-09-17 | 2022-09-17 | Aluminum electrolysis flue gas waste heat utilization system |
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