CN218711819U - Open type ballast bed plate and ballast bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an open road bed board and railway roadbed because this open road bed board has a plurality of open type isolator, and the rubber spring setting of track board through a plurality of open type isolator is in the basement, adopts the mode of some supports promptly, cuts off the rigidity connection between track structure and the substructure, absorbs the impact energy when the train moves through a plurality of rubber spring to realize the effect of making an uproar that falls in the track damping. Further, this open type isolator has the outer sleeve, rubber spring, spring support plate, heighten gasket and lock gasket, when the construction, the outer sleeve inlays to be established and fixes in the track board, only need in proper order to put into rubber spring, spring support plate, heighten gasket and lock gasket from the upper end opening of outer sleeve, rotate spring support plate and heighten the gasket and form bearing structure when putting into, the installation of isolator can be accomplished to the rethread connecting piece is fixed, therefore, construction convenience, construction time is shorter, easy later maintenance.

Description

Open type ballast bed plate and ballast bed

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of making an uproar falls in the track damping, concretely relates to open railway roadbed board and railway roadbed.

Background

With the development of economy and science, rail transit tends to be high-speed and stable, and mechanical equipment tends to be precise. In order to respond to the development requirements of the industry and overcome the influence of vibration on the stability of the structure, the running safety of vehicles and the precision of mechanical equipment, the technology and the product which can effectively reduce vibration and noise are required to improve the stability of the structure, ensure the running safety of a track line and ensure the higher precision of the mechanical equipment.

In the prior art, part of the track bed adopts the form of a floating plate matched with a vibration damping pad or a floating plate matched with a plurality of steel springs to separate the rigid connection between a track structure and a base structure and absorb the impact energy generated by the running of a train, and although the track bed in the forms can achieve certain vibration damping and noise reduction effects, a plurality of problems still exist: for the ballast bed adopting the damping pad, the damping pad is usually fully paved, so that the rigidity of the whole damping system is still higher, the system frequency is relatively high, the damping effect is limited, the fully paved damping pad also causes difficulty in drainage and the like, and in addition, the damping pad is usually fixed on the precast slab through secondary processing (such as riveting and sticking), and the process is complicated; for the ballast bed adopting the steel spring, the process is complex, the labor intensity of construction workers is high, and the rigidity of the steel spring is not easy to adjust.

In addition, the design of the existing damping ballast bed does not consider the different damping requirements of different track section parts, and the design of pertinence is not carried out, so that the damping effects are different in different track section parts, the whole damping effect still needs to be improved, and the whole riding experience still needs to be improved for passengers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a go on for solving above-mentioned problem, aim at provides one kind and can make a pertinence damping fall make an uproar and easy construction maintenance's road bed board and road bed, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an open railway roadbed board for assemble into the railway roadbed of carrying the rail, a serial communication port, include: a plate body; the plurality of open type vibration isolators are embedded in the plate body, each open type vibration isolator comprises an outer sleeve, a rubber spring, a height-adjusting gasket, a spring supporting plate and a locking gasket, the outer sleeve is embedded in the plate body and penetrates through the plate body along the length direction of the outer sleeve, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n in-cylinder protruding parts protruding in the radial direction, and n is more than or equal to 2; the height-adjusting gasket, the spring support plate and the locking gasket are provided with n convex parts, and the shapes of the outer contours of the height-adjusting gasket, the spring support plate and the locking gasket are matched with the shapes of the inner walls of the outer sleeves at the convex parts in the sleeves.

The utility model provides an open railway roadbed board can also have such technical characterstic, wherein, every the length of plate body is 3.5m ~ 4.8m for set up 6 ~ 8 to the sleeper, the rail passes through the sleeper is carried and is put on the plate body, the predetermined rule of arranging is: if the open type ballast bed plate is used as the middle section of the ballast bed, 3 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged on the plate body at equal intervals; if the open type track bed plate is used as a first transition section in the track bed, 4 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged on the plate body at equal intervals; if the open type ballast bed plate is used as a second transition section in the ballast bed, 5 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged on the plate body, and the distance between two adjacent pairs of open type vibration isolators is narrower on one side of the plate body, which is far away from the middle section.

The utility model provides an open railway roadbed board can also have such technical characteristic, still includes: and the sealing strips are respectively arranged between the two sides of the plate body in the width direction and the substrate and used for sealing the gap between the plate body and the substrate from the two sides, and the sealing strips are made of rubber.

The utility model provides an open road bed board can also have such technical characteristic, wherein, heighten the middle part of gasket seted up first hole of stepping down and with a first n first mounting groove of hole intercommunication of stepping down, heighten the piece bellying and be in on the extending direction of first mounting groove, locking gasket's middle part seted up the second hole of stepping down and with a n second mounting groove of hole intercommunication is stepped down to the second, locking piece bellying with the extending direction of second mounting groove staggers, spring support plate has a n mounting hole, works as spring support plate with heighten a n bellying of gasket respectively with n during the butt of bellying in the section of thick bamboo, n first mounting groove, n second mounting groove and n the mounting hole forms a n connecting piece mounting hole that link up respectively.

The utility model provides a ballast bed, a serial communication port, include: a plurality of open type road bed boards which are connected end to end; and the limiting bosses are used for transversely limiting two adjacent open type track bed plates, wherein the open type track bed plates are the open type track bed plates.

The utility model provides a ballast bed can also have such technical characteristic, wherein, spacing boss is cylindric or cuboid form, open ballast bed board's the length direction's of plate body both sides have two spacing recesses, the shape of spacing recess with spacing boss phase-match, spacing boss respectively with adjacent two open ballast bed board's the side that corresponds spacing recess looks block.

Utility model with the functions and effects

According to the utility model discloses an open railway roadbed board and railway roadbed because this open railway roadbed board has a plurality of open type isolator, and the rubber spring setting of track board through a plurality of open type isolator is in the basement, adopts the mode of some supports promptly, cuts off the rigidity connection between track structure and the substructure, absorbs the impact energy when the train moves through a plurality of rubber springs to realize the effect of making an uproar that falls in the track damping. Further, this open type isolator has the outer sleeve, rubber spring, spring support plate, heightening gasket and lock gasket, when the construction, the outer sleeve inlays to be established and fixes in the track board, only need in proper order to put into rubber spring, spring support plate, heightening gasket and lock gasket from the upper end opening of outer sleeve, rotate spring support plate and heighten the gasket and form bearing structure when putting into, the installation of isolator can be accomplished to the rethread connecting piece is fixed, therefore, construction convenience, construction time is shorter. Similarly, during later maintenance, the vibration isolator can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, and the rubber spring is replaced. To sum up, the utility model discloses an open road bed board can realize the effect of making an uproar that falls in the damping, and easily be under construction, easily carry out the later maintenance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a damping rail system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ballast bed in an embodiment of the present invention at the location of the isolators;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the open type vibration isolator of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve at different angles in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an orthographic view of an upper end surface of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the spring support plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the spring support plate of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an orthographic view of a spring support plate in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of the height-adjustable gasket according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a perspective structural view of the height-adjustable gasket according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a perspective view of a lock washer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is an orthographic view of a locking washer in an embodiment of the invention;

figure 14 is a top view of an open-type vibration isolator in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an open type vibration isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the ballast bed at the limiting boss in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a flow chart of track construction using an open type track bed plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a flow chart of the in-situ casting of the panel in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a perspective view of an adjusting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is an orthographic view of an adjustment tool in an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

a vibration damping track system 10; an open type ballast bed plate 100; a plate body 110; a tie 112; a jacking groove 113; a limiting groove 114; an open type vibration isolator 120; an outer sleeve 121; a guide section 1211; an in-barrel projection 12111; support step 12111a; a support section 1212; an upper end projection 1213; a flange 1214; a rubber spring 122; a spring support plate 123; support plate boss 1231; mounting holes 1232; an up-regulation shim 124; height-adjusting piece protrusion 1241; a first abduction hole 1242; a first mounting groove 1243; a lock washer 125; locking tab projections 1251; a second relief hole 1252; a second mounting groove 1253; an upper cover plate 126; a connecting member 127; a substrate 200; a limiting boss 400; an elastic pad 401; an adjustment tool 600; a handle 601; an adjustment head 602; end 6021 is adjusted.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments and drawings are combined to specifically describe the open type ballast bed plate and ballast bed of the present invention.

< example one >

The present embodiments provide an open track bed deck disposed in a vibration-damped track system for use as an intermediate section of a track bed.

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the vibration damping rail system in this embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the ballast bed of the present embodiment at the location of the vibration isolator, and fig. 2 is only for illustrating the overall structural composition, wherein the vibration isolator is only a schematic diagram and does not represent the actual structure thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the vibration damping track system 10 is composed of a base 200, a plurality of open track decks 100 provided on the base 200, and rails placed on the open track decks 100. The open track bed plate 100 on the far right side in fig. 1 is the open track bed plate 100 used as the middle section in the present embodiment.

The open type track bed boards 100 are arranged on the base 200, and a plurality of open type track bed boards 100 are assembled end to form a track bed for carrying steel rails. The open type track slab 100 includes a slab 110 and a plurality of open type vibration isolators 120. The slab body 110 is a square concrete slab, the open-type vibration isolators 120 are embedded in the slab body 110 in a group of two, and the two open-type vibration isolators 150 in a group are respectively located at positions close to the two rails.

In this embodiment, the plate body 110 has a size of 4690mm × 3000mm × 411mm (length × width × thickness), eight pairs of sleepers 112 are uniformly arranged on the plate body 110 at intervals along the length direction thereof, the distance between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm, the sleepers 112 are concrete short sleepers, and the steel rails are placed on the sleepers 112 and fixed by fastening members.

In this embodiment, the open track bed slab 100 is used as the middle section of the track bed, and since the train runs relatively smoothly at the middle section and the generated vibration is relatively small, the open track bed slab 100 used for the middle section has three pairs of open-type vibration isolators 120. The three pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between two adjacent pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 is 1785mm.

Fig. 3 is an exploded structural view of the open type vibration isolator in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, open-type vibration isolator 120 includes an outer sleeve 121, a rubber spring 122, a spring support plate 123, an elevation spacer 124, a locking spacer 125, an upper cover plate 126, and a plurality of coupling members 127.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve of the present embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the outer sleeve in different angles in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, outer sleeve 121 is made of metal (cast iron), and has a through-type tubular structure as a whole, and the overall height (i.e., the length of outer sleeve 121) is equal to the thickness of plate 111. Outer sleeve 121 may be divided along its length into an upper guide section 1211 and a lower support section 1212.

The guiding section 1211 is used for placing the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125 during installation and plays a role in guiding the plates when the plates slide down. The cross-sectional shape of the guide section 1211 is a triangular flange structure, and three stepped inner cylindrical protrusions 12111 protruding radially inward are formed, and the three inner cylindrical protrusions 12111 are uniformly distributed along the central axis of the outer sleeve 121.

Specifically, in-cylinder projection 12111 extends in the longitudinal direction of outer sleeve 121 with one end extending to the upper end of outer sleeve 121 and the other end located at a position lower inside outer sleeve 121. The support section 1212 has a circular cylindrical shape, and thus the other end of the boss 12111 in the cylinder and the support section 1212 form a support step 12111a for providing support to the rubber spring 122. Further, one face of in-cylinder projection 12111 parallel to the central axis of outer sleeve 121 has a certain curvature.

Fig. 6 is an orthographic view of the upper end surface of the outer sleeve in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the upper end of outer sleeve 121 has three radially outwardly projecting upper end projections 1213 for holding and connecting upper cover plate 126. Upper end protrusions 1213 are also uniformly distributed along the central axis of outer sleeve 121, and upper cover plate connection holes are formed in upper end protrusions 1213.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lower end of the outer sleeve 121 has a ring of outwardly projecting flanges 1214 forming a skirt-like structure. The outer sleeve 121 of the present embodiment is a pre-buried type outer sleeve, which is pre-buried in the plate body 111 when the plate body 111 is cast and manufactured. Flanges 1214 can increase the adhesion and load bearing of outer sleeve 121. Meanwhile, upper end protrusions 1213 also form a hanger structure, which can also increase the adhesion and bearing capacity of outer sleeve 121.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, outer sleeve 121 is disposed between two ties 300 on one side of the rail. Therefore, after the steel rail is erected, the upper end opening of the outer sleeve can still be exposed and is not shielded by the steel rail or the sleeper, and subsequent maintenance is facilitated.

The rubber spring 122 is disposed below the outer sleeve 121, and absorbs vibration energy transmitted from the plate body 111 during train operation by using elastic deformation of the rubber material of the rubber spring, so as to reduce vibration and noise. As shown in fig. 5, the upper end and the lower end of the rubber spring 122 are both in the shape of circular plates, and the circular metal plates are wrapped in the upper end and the lower end, so that the rubber spring 122 can be more uniformly stressed, and the middle portion of the rubber spring 122 contracts radially inward. The thickness of the rubber spring 122 in an unstressed state (i.e., its initial height) is 150mm to 750mm.

Further, the rubber spring 122 has various stiffness specifications. In the production process, the rigidity of the rubber spring 122 can be adjusted by adjusting the components and production parameters of the rubber. In this embodiment, two pairs of rubber springs 122 disposed near both ends of the track bed plate 110 have relatively higher stiffness, and the rubber spring 122 disposed in the middle of the track bed plate 110 has relatively lower stiffness. At both ends of the track bed plate 110, relatively greater vibration is generated due to the presence of the cross-section, and thus, such arrangement enables the entire track bed plate 110 to achieve a more uniform vibration reduction effect.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the spring support plate in the present embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the spring support plate of the present embodiment at different angles.

Fig. 9 is an orthographic view of the spring support plate in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the spring support plates 123 are used to provide support to the upper ends of the rubber springs 122, providing support and load transfer to the overall track bed system. The spring support plate 123 is made of metal, and has a main body portion with a substantially circular plate shape and three support plate protrusions 1231, such that the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 matches the cross-section of the guide section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121, and specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 substantially matches the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211, and the size of the spring support plate is slightly smaller than the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211. The thickness of the main body portion of the spring support plate 123 is 25mm to 30mm, and the thickness of the three support plate protrusions 1231 is thicker than the main body portion, thereby forming a structure for covering the upper end of the rubber spring 122 at one side of the spring support plate 123. In addition, the spring support plate 123 is provided with three mounting holes 1232, the positions of which correspond to the three support plate protrusions 1231, respectively, for mounting the connecting member 127, in this embodiment, the connecting member 127 is a bolt and a nut.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the height adjusting spacer in the present embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the height adjusting spacer of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the height-adjusting washer 124 is used to adjust the installation height of the rubber spring 122 so that the surface height of the track bed 110 can be conformed to the design data. The height-adjusting pad 124 is also made of metal, and has an outer ring shape identical to the spring support plate 123 and three height-adjusting pad protrusions 1241, so that a description thereof will not be repeated. A first approximately circular abdicating hole 1242 is formed in the middle of the height-adjusting gasket 124 for a corresponding mounting tool to extend into when the vibration isolator is mounted. The height-adjusting gasket 124 further has three first mounting grooves 1243 extending radially, the first mounting grooves 1243 are communicated with the first yielding holes 1243 in the middle, and the height-adjusting piece protrusions 1241 are in the extending direction of the first mounting grooves 1243. Depending on the actual height required, one or more stacked height adjusting shims 124 may be used, with the thickness of height adjusting shims 124 ranging from 2mm to 10mm.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the lock washer of the present embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an orthographic view of the locking washer of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 12-13, locking washer 125 is used to lock spring support plate 123 and height adjustment washer 124 within outer sleeve 121. Lock washer 125 is also made of metal, and has an outer ring shape conforming to that of spring support plate 123 and three lock plate projections 1251, and therefore, description thereof will not be repeated. A second approximately circular abdicating hole 1252 is formed in the middle of the locking washer 125, and the shape of the second abdicating hole 1252 is identical to that of the first abdicating hole 1242. Locking washer 125 also has three radially extending second mounting groove 1253, second mounting groove 1253 and the second hole of stepping down 1252 intercommunication in middle part, and stay boss 1251 staggers with the extending direction of second mounting groove 1253, and the extension line of second mounting groove 1253 is located between two stay bosses 1251. Lock washer 125 has a thickness of 10mm.

Since spring support plate 123, height adjustment washer 124 and lock washer 125 are all shaped to match the inner wall of guide section 1211 of outer sleeve 121, these plates can be inserted from the upper opening of outer sleeve 121 and slide downward to support section 1212 at an angle when inserted under the guidance of guide section 1211, thereby facilitating installation.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, since the three mounting holes 1232 on the spring support plate 123, the three first mounting grooves 1242 on the heightening spacer 124, and the three second mounting grooves 1252 on the locking spacer 125 are uniformly distributed, when mounting, the mounting grooves and the mounting holes on the three plates can form a connecting member mounting hole penetrating in the vertical direction, so that the connecting member 127 can be provided to fasten the three plates together.

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the open type vibration isolator in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3 and 14, the upper cover plate 126 is used for covering the upper end of the outer sleeve 121 after the vibration isolator is installed, so as to prevent dust and impurities from entering and affecting the vibration isolation effect and the service life of the vibration isolator. The shape of upper cover plate 126 is identical to the shape of the upper end surface of outer sleeve 121, and connector mounting holes are opened at corresponding positions, so that upper cover plate 126 can completely cover the upper end surface of outer sleeve 121 and is fixed on upper end protrusions 1213 of outer sleeve 121 through a plurality of connectors.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of the open type vibration isolator in the present embodiment, showing a state where the installation of the open type vibration isolator is completed.

As shown in fig. 15, the outer sleeve 121 is embedded in the plate body 111, and since the height of the outer sleeve 121 is equal to the thickness of the plate body 111, the upper and lower end openings of the outer sleeve 121 are exposed from both sides of the plate body 111. After the installation is completed, the three protrusions of the height-adjusting gasket 124 and the spring support plate 123 are respectively abutted against the three support steps 12111a, the locking gasket 125 is embedded at the bottom of the guide section 1211, and the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125 are fixedly connected together by the connecting member 127, so that the three plates are fixed inside the outer sleeve 121. The rubber spring 122 is disposed below the outer sleeve 121, the upper end of the rubber spring 122 abuts against the main body portion of the spring support plate 123 and is covered by the support plate boss 1231, and the lower end of the rubber spring 122 abuts against the base 200.

Further, the total thickness of rubber spring 122, spring support plate 123 and height-adjusting shim 124 is greater than the distance from support step 12111a to the lower end of outer sleeve 121, which allows the lower end of rubber spring 122 to be located outside below plate body 111, i.e., allows plate body 111 not to be directly in contact with base 200, but to be placed on base 200 in a point-contact manner by means of a plurality of rubber springs 122, and plate body 111 is formed in the form of a floating plate.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the ballast bed at the limit boss in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1 and 16, the track bed is assembled by connecting a plurality of open track bed boards 100 end to end, and the gap between two adjacent boards 110 is 70mm. The plate 111 further has semi-cylindrical stopper recesses 114 formed on both sides in the longitudinal direction thereof, respectively, for receiving the stopper bosses 400 during assembly. The limiting boss 400 is a cylindrical concrete platform, and the shape of the limiting boss is matched with that of the limiting groove 114. During assembly, the limiting bosses 400 are respectively engaged with the limiting grooves 114 on the corresponding sides of the two adjacent plate bodies 110, so as to perform a transverse limiting function on the open type track bed slab 100.

In addition, two sides of the plate body 111 in the width direction are further provided with four square jacking grooves 113 for jacking equipment to lift the track bed slab 110 during installation and construction.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of sealing bars 130 are further provided between both sides of the plate body 110 in the width direction and the base 200. The sealing strips 130 are made of rubber and are used for shielding the gap between the plate body 110 and the substrate 200 from both sides, so as to prevent dust, impurities and the like from entering the gap from both sides and affecting the service life and the vibration damping effect of the elastic element 154. The sealing strip 130 should meet the sealing requirement, and the fire-resistant grade should reach grade a (refer to "fire performance grading of building materials and products" (GB 8624-2012)).

As described above, the open type track bed 100 of the present embodiment employs a plurality of open type vibration isolators 120, that is, a point support method, to separate the rigid connection between the track structure and the base structure, and the rubber springs 122 of the plurality of open type vibration isolators 120 absorb the impact energy during the operation of the train, thereby achieving the effects of vibration and noise reduction.

The construction method of the open track bed 100 of the present embodiment will be described in detail below. During construction, firstly, the basic data of the track is collected and the corresponding design scheme is adjusted, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Pay-off measurement and structure dimension deviation detection

Due to the comprehensive reasons of civil construction errors, uneven settlement of structures and the like of stations and tunnels, the difference exists between a designed line and an actual line, in order to ensure that a track meets the requirement of a train operation limit, a design unit is required to design and adjust the plane position and the elevation of the line, and line control basemarks are set according to relevant regulations.

(2) Controlling base signature retesting and base signature encryption

And (4) after the control base mark is tested again, encrypting the construction base mark, wherein one part is arranged every 5m of the encrypted base mark, and the measurement error of the encrypted base mark needs to meet the standard requirement. And identifying different pile (line) positions such as an expansion joint position, a base elevation control line, a rail top elevation control line, a line central line and the like measured in site construction.

(3) Dimensional deviation inspection of tunnel structure in track slab section

According to the measured construction datum points, whether the deviation between the actual measurement track height and the design track height of the section where the track slab (floating slab) is laid and the deviation between the line design center line and the actual measurement track center line meet the requirement of track design or not is checked, and when the deviation exceeds the limit, the measurement data are fed back to a design unit for the design unit to adjust the design scheme.

And then, performing track construction based on the adjusted design scheme.

Fig. 17 is a flowchart of track construction using the open track bed in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 17, based on the adjusted design, the method for constructing a track by using the open type track bed slab 100 of the present embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

step S1, a plate body 110 is disposed on a base 200, and an outer sleeve 121 of a plurality of open-type vibration isolators 120 is fixedly embedded in the plate body 110.

The base 200 is formed by pouring concrete, reinforcing steel bars of the limiting bosses 400 are embedded in the base 200 according to the track bed slab in a blocking mode, and rough surfaces are reserved at the positions of the limiting bosses 400. After the concrete of the substrate 200 is poured, curing measures such as covering, water storage, film moisture retention, spraying or brushing curing agent and the like are adopted in time, and the curing time is not less than five days. After the foundation 200 is poured and initially set for 24 hours, the position of the vibration isolator can be set, and secondary foundation mark measurement is carried out.

The panel body 110 may be a concrete slab prepared in advance in a factory, placed on the base 200 by being hoisted by a hoisting device, or a concrete slab cast in situ.

Fig. 18 is a flow chart of the cast-in-place panel of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 18, the work flow of casting the plate body 110 embedded with the outer sleeve 121 in situ specifically includes the following steps:

step S1-1, the positions of the vibration isolators are set on the base 200 according to a preset arrangement rule, the positions and the base elevations at the positions are measured, and the positions of the vibration isolators and the base elevations at the positions are adjusted according to the measuring results.

In the present embodiment, outer sleeves 121 are six in number and are arranged in groups of two at equal intervals along a predetermined track extending direction, as shown in fig. 1. The position of outer sleeve 121 must be accurate with a positional deviation of + -3 mm and an elevation deviation of + -5 mm. The location of the vibration isolator, the elevation of the substrate at that location, must be handled as follows:

polishing the range of the height of the base of the vibration isolator position which is 5mm greater than the designed elevation until the design requirement is met;

filling is needed in the range that the height of the base at the position of the vibration isolator is less than 5mm of the designed elevation, the base surface is dug to be 20mm lower than the designed elevation before filling, and then the high-strength shrinkage-free grouting material is used for filling to the designed elevation. Before the high-strength mortar is poured, the floating slag in the pouring range is required to be cleaned, the pouring position is fully wetted, and the mortar is required not to leak in the pouring process. And watering and curing for 3-7 days after the pouring is finished. The surface flatness of the treated high-strength non-shrinkage grouting material meets 2mm. The filling surface and the original foundation surface are connected in the same direction by adopting an inclined plane.

In step S1-2, a center gutter cover and a spacer are mounted on the adjusted base 200.

After the construction of the foundation is finished, sundries on the surface of the concrete and in the foundation ditch are cleaned, and then a ditch cover plate is arranged and an isolation layer is paved. And anchor bars are arranged on the ditch cover plate according to the design requirement.

Step S1-3, simple mounting of outer sleeve 121 is performed on the substrate with the isolator film mounted thereon.

According to the set vibration isolator position, the center position of the outer sleeve 121 is accurately positioned on the base concrete, and the outer sleeve 121 is fixed on the base concrete in a plane mode through a customized positioning disc, so that the outer sleeve 121 is prevented from being displaced when the floating slab concrete is poured. After outer sleeve 121 is placed, the bonding surface of outer sleeve 121 and the isolation layer is sealed with silicone or the like, so that the outer sleeve 121 is ensured to be positioned correctly and cement paste is prevented from permeating into outer sleeve 121.

And S1-4, arranging a steel rail fastener on the base 200 through the support frame, and roughly adjusting the geometric dimension of the rail through the tool rail.

Because the construction of the whole ballast bed of the floating slab is generally pre-paved, after the steel rail fastener is arranged, the coarse adjustment is carried out by adopting the tool rail with the same type as the line. The tool rail is 12.5m or 6.25m long, is connected by a rail clamp plate and is supported by a specially designed support frame. After the tool rail is erected, the geometric dimension of the tool rail and the rail bottom slope are adjusted to be close to the design value in time, the error is not larger than 20mm, and the integral restraint in the horizontal direction is strengthened to protect the maintenance of the rail state during construction.

And S1-5, binding a steel bar framework for pouring the plate body 110 according to the design drawing.

By adopting HRB400 steel bars, the steel bar stack must be isolated from the ground to prevent rainwater from corroding and rusting. The finished steel bars and the raw materials entering the yard are separately stacked and marked to prevent mixed use. Before binding the reinforcing steel bars, attention is paid to check the isolating film to repair the damaged part.

The requirements for binding the structural steel bars and the stray current steel bars are the same as the requirements for binding the whole ballast bed steel bars. After the steel bars are bound, attention is paid to welding sparks to avoid damaging the isolating film when the stray current steel bars are welded, meanwhile, the isolating film is comprehensively inspected, and damaged parts are immediately repaired when found.

Wherein care is taken to avoid moving outer sleeve 121 when tying rebar around simply installed outer sleeve 121.

In step S1-6, a template of the board body 110 is mounted on the substrate 200.

The installation of the formwork is strictly performed according to the design size of the plate body 110. And after the templates are installed, the drain pipes are installed, and meanwhile, the firmness of the templates around the track needs to be noticed when the templates are erected.

And S1-7, finely adjusting the geometric dimension of the rail through the tool rail.

In order to ensure that the geometric dimension of the track is correct, the track needs to be accurately adjusted after the steel bars are laid according to the design requirements. It should be noted that 30mm is reserved for the lifting height of the plate body 110 during the rail surface elevation construction of the steel rail. The track adjustment requirements are shown in tables 1 and 2:

TABLE 1 Curve allowable deviation Table

TABLE 2 allowable deviation table for track geometry

Step S1-8, concrete is poured in the steel reinforcement frame and the track slab formwork, thereby forming the concrete slab 110 in which the outer sleeve 121 is embedded.

Before pouring, all the previous working procedures are comprehensively checked, the type and the position of the vibration isolator and the sealing condition of silica gel around the vibration isolator are firstly checked, then whether the isolation film is completely intact or not is checked, whether the welding of the steel bar and the drainage flat steel meets the design requirements or not is checked, whether the mounting position and the size of the template are correct or not is checked, and finally whether the geometric size of the track is correct or not is checked. And after all the project inspections meet the requirements, concrete pouring can be carried out.

And pouring the concrete to the designed thickness, and smearing out the transverse slope according to the design requirement. Care should be taken to make the concrete top elevation 30mm lower than the design elevation to allow for height for jacking. The casting of the monolithic plate body 110 must not be interrupted in order to weaken the strength of the plate body 110. In the pouring process, the inserted vibrating rods are used for vibrating and compacting, so that the concrete quality is ensured, and particularly, the vibration of the concrete around the vibration isolator is enhanced. Meanwhile, the concrete on the cover plate of the vibration isolator needs to be cleaned when pouring. And (4) after the pouring is finished, watering and maintaining to ensure that the surface of the concrete is always in a wet state, wherein the maintaining time is not less than 2 weeks.

Step S1a, measuring a relative height parameter of each outer sleeve 121 by a testing instrument, and correspondingly setting the number and thickness specifications of height-adjusting spacers 124 of each outer sleeve 121 according to the measured relative height parameter.

And S2, jacking the plate body 110 to a preset construction height through a jacking tool.

In this embodiment, jacking tool is dedicated hydraulic jack, and this hydraulic jack includes hydraulic pump, flow divider and four jack heads to connect to corresponding industrial computer, during the construction, four jack heads imbed respectively in four recesses 113 for the jacking of plate body 110, under the control of corresponding industrial computer, four jack heads jack up simultaneously to steadily upwards jack up plate body 110 to predetermined construction height. The lifting height is such that the distance between the supporting step 12111a of the outer sleeve 121 pre-embedded in the plate body 110 and the base 200 is greater than the total thickness of the rubber spring 122, the spring supporting plate 123 and the plurality of height-adjusting washers 153 to be put in, so that the rubber spring 122 is not stressed after being put in, and the spring supporting plate 123 and the height-adjusting washers 124 can be rotatably adjusted. I.e. the predetermined construction height is greater than the final floating height of the panel.

Step S3, for each outer sleeve 121, rubber spring 122, spring support plate 123, and corresponding height-adjusting washer 124 are sequentially inserted from the upper end opening of outer sleeve 121, and spring support plate 123 and height-adjusting washer 153 are rotated by a predetermined angle by an adjusting tool, so that the plurality of protrusions thereof are respectively positioned directly below the plurality of support steps 12111 a.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 121 has three inner protrusions 12111 uniformly distributed along the central axis thereof, i.e., three supporting steps 12111a are uniformly distributed, so that the inserted spring support plate 123 and height-adjusting spacer 124 are rotated by an adjusting tool by 60 degrees, and the three protrusions of the spring support plate 123 and height-adjusting spacer 124 are located directly below the three supporting steps 12111a, respectively. After the plate body 110 is lowered, the three protrusions are respectively abutted against the three supporting steps 12111a, thereby forming a supporting structure.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the adjustment tool in the present embodiment.

Fig. 20 is an orthographic view of the adjustment tool in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 19-20, the adjustment tool 600 has a T-shaped handle 601 and an adjustment head 602 attached to the other end of the handle 601, the adjustment head 602 has three radially extending adjustment ends 6021, and the three adjustment ends 6021 are positioned to correspond to the three mounting holes or slots of the spring support plate 123 and the locking washer 125 of the height adjusting washer 124. A bolt (not shown in the figure) extending in the vertical direction is attached to the adjustment end portion 6021.

Thus, taking spring support plate 123 as an example, a worker may grasp handle 601, extend adjustment head 602 into outer sleeve 121, insert the bolts on three adjustment ends 6021 into three mounting holes 1233 of spring support plate 123, and then horizontally rotate handle 601 to horizontally rotate spring support plate 123.

And S4, lowering the plate body 110 through the jacking equipment.

At this time, each rubber spring 122 is put into a stressed state, plate body 110 floats on base 200, and all the load of plate body 110 is transmitted to rubber spring 122 through support step 12111a of outer sleeve 121. In this example. The floating height of the plate body 110 is 30mm.

Step S5, for each outer sleeve 121, a locking washer 125 is put in from an upper end opening of the outer sleeve 121, and the locking washer 125, the height-adjusting washer 124 and the spring support plate 123 are fixed together through a connecting piece, so that the height-adjusting washer 124 and the spring support plate 123 are prevented from rotating and falling off.

In step S6, for each outer sleeve 121, an upper cover plate 126 is attached to the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 121.

At this time, all the open-type vibration isolators 120 are completely installed, and the open-type track bed 100 is formed.

And S7, detecting the height of the upper surface of the open type track bed board 100 by using a surface height detection tool, and finely adjusting the upper surface according to the detected initial elevation and the design scheme of each position.

Specifically, if a position where the error value between the initial elevation and the predetermined elevation is greater than the predetermined error value is detected, the plate body 110 is lifted up again by the jacking apparatus, and the raised spacers 124 of the open-type vibration isolator 120 at the position are replaced according to the error value until the error value between the initial elevation and the predetermined elevation at the position is less than the predetermined error value. In this embodiment, the predetermined error value is 1mm.

In step S8, a plurality of sealing bars 130 are mounted between both sides of the plate body 110 in the width direction and the base 200.

One end of the sealing strip 130 in the width direction is connected to the base 200 by means of a rivet bolt, and the other end is connected to the side of the plate body 110 by means of a super glue.

After the plurality of open type track bed boards 100 are completed in sequence according to the steps, a position for arranging the limiting boss 400 is formed between two adjacent open type track bed boards 100. The elastic backing plate 401 is placed at the position, and then concrete pouring is carried out to form the limiting boss 400.

After the construction is finished, the open type roadbed slab 100 is checked, wherein the checking and acceptance of the geometric dimension of the track is executed according to the railway track engineering construction quality checking and accepting standard (TB 10413); the concrete quality acceptance should be performed according to the acceptance standard of railway track engineering construction quality (TB 10413) and the acceptance standard of railway concrete and masonry engineering construction quality (TB 10424).

In the present embodiment, portions not described in detail are known in the public field.

< example two >

The present embodiment provides an open track bed plate and a track bed, which are different from the first embodiment in that the open track bed plate of the present embodiment is used as a first transition section in the track bed.

Part of the track section extends to the bridge where, due to the different conditions of the base from the base at land, the train travels over the bridge with greater vibrations. At the connecting position of the bridge and the land, the vibration of the train when running is gradually reduced from the bridge to the land.

The ballast bed arranged at the connection position of the land and the bridge is the transition section. The transition sections may further include a first transition section and a second transition section, respectively, wherein the first transition section is proximate the mid-section and the second transition section is proximate the bridge side.

As shown in fig. 1, the first transition section is the open type track bed 100 located in the middle of fig. 1, and compared with the open type track bed 100 used as the middle section, the difference is that four pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 are uniformly arranged in the open type track bed 100 of the present embodiment at intervals, and the distance between two adjacent pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 is 1190mm, so that a relatively stronger vibration damping effect can be achieved.

In this embodiment, other structures, operation principles, and corresponding construction methods are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore, a description thereof will not be repeated.

< example three >

The present embodiment provides an open track bed plate and a track bed, which are different from the first and second embodiments in that the open track bed plate of the present embodiment is used as a second transition section in the track bed.

As shown in fig. 1, the second transition section is the leftmost open track deck 100 in fig. 1, closer to the bridge side.

Compared with the open type track bed plate 100 used as the middle section and the first transition section, the open type track bed plate 100 of the present embodiment is different in that five pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 are provided, and in the open type track bed plate 100, the distance between two adjacent pairs of open type vibration isolators 120 is narrower on the side away from the middle section (i.e., the side close to the bridge). As shown in fig. 1, the distance between two adjacent open-type vibration isolators 120 is 595mm, 1190mm and 1190mm in sequence from left to right along the length direction of the plate body 110.

Therefore, the vibration damping effect of the open type track bed plate 100 of the present embodiment is stronger than that of the first and second embodiments, and the vibration damping effect of the open type track bed plate 100 of the present embodiment is gradually weakened in the left-to-right direction in fig. 1.

In this embodiment, other structures, operation principles, and corresponding construction methods are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will not be repeated.

Effects and effects of the embodiments

According to the open type track bed plate 110 and the track bed 100 provided by the embodiment, the outer sleeve 121 and the rubber spring 122 are arranged to penetrate through, so that impact energy generated when a train runs can be absorbed through the rubber spring 122, the effects of vibration and noise reduction are achieved, the rigidity of the rubber spring 122 is easy to adjust, and the open type track bed plate and the track bed 100 are suitable for various road sections with different vibration reduction requirements. In particular, outer sleeve 121 is fixed to be inlayed in railway roadbed board 110, and rubber spring 122 sets up in outer sleeve 121 below, consequently, the utility model discloses a vibration isolator is open type vibration isolator, and rubber spring 122 exposes from railway roadbed board 110 below, and the installation of not only being convenient for also can conveniently inspect rubber spring 122 from the clearance between railway roadbed board 110 and basement 200 after the installation is accomplished, is favorable to follow-up maintenance.

Further, because the vibration isolator is further provided with the spring support plate 123, the heightening gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125, when the vibration isolator is installed, the rubber spring 122, the spring support plate 123, the heightening gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125 are placed into the vibration isolator from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 121 in sequence, the spring support plate 123 and the heightening gasket 124 are rotated by a preset angle, so that the rubber spring and the inner boss 12111 of the outer sleeve 121 form a support structure, and then the vibration isolator can be installed by fixing through a connecting piece. Similarly, the open-type vibration isolator 120 can be easily disassembled and replaced by replacing the rubber spring 122 for subsequent maintenance. To sum up, the utility model discloses an open type isolator 120, railway bed board 110 and railway bed 100 can realize the effect of making an uproar falls in the track damping, and easily is under construction, easily carries out follow-up maintenance.

Further, since the shapes of the outer rings of spring support plate 123, height-adjusting washer 124 and lock washer 125 are all the same and match the shape of the inner wall of guide section 1211 of outer sleeve 121, spring support plate 123, height-adjusting washer 124 and lock washer 125 can be guided after being inserted into the upper end opening of outer sleeve 121, and will not deflect when falling down. Put into spring support plate 123 in proper order, increase gasket 124 and lock gasket 125 to rotating spring support plate 123, increasing the gasket 124 after, spring support plate 123, increasing the mounting groove and the mounting hole of gasket 124 and lock gasket 125 can align and form the connecting piece mounting hole that link up, thereby can conveniently fasten the three together through bolt and nut, consequently, not only can guarantee structural strength, still be favorable to installing fast. And because the detachable structure is adopted, the support structure is realized in modes of welding and the like, the later maintenance is facilitated.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiments.

In the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the guiding section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121 is a triangular flange structure having three inward protrusions 12111 protruding radially inward and uniformly distributed in the sleeve, and the shapes of the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting washer 124 and the locking washer 125 are matched with the shape of the guiding section 1211, so that the plates can be directly put into the outer sleeve 121 from the upper opening thereof during installation, and the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting washer 124 are rotated by 60 degrees to form a structure abutting against all three supporting steps 12111 a. In the alternative, the guiding section 1211 may also have 2 or more (e.g., n) protrusions 12111 in the cylinder, the protrusions 12111 in the cylinder are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the shapes of the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting washer 124 and the locking washer 125 are matched with the protrusions, so that the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting washer 124 are rotated 180/n degrees during the installation, which can also achieve the corresponding technical effect. In the case of having 2 in-cylinder protrusions 12111, the support stability in a single vibration isolator is slightly lowered, but since a plurality of vibration isolators are embedded in the track plate 110, the overall support stability can be secured.

In the above embodiment, each track board 110 has a length of 4.69m, and 8 pairs of sleepers are provided thereon. In the alternative, the length of the track plate 110 may also be 3.5m to 4.8m for arranging 6 to 8 pairs of sleepers according to actual needs.

In the above embodiment, the limiting boss 400 is a circular column-shaped concrete platform, and the two sides of the plate body 111 are provided with the semicircular limiting grooves 114 matched with the limiting boss 400, so that the limiting boss 400 can be clamped with two adjacent plate bodies 111. In the alternative, the limiting boss 400 may also be a concrete platform with other shapes, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a lead angle, and the limiting groove 114 is a shape matched with the rectangular parallelepiped shape, so that the corresponding technical effects can be achieved.

Claims (6)

1. An open type ballast bed plate is characterized by comprising:

a plate body; and

a plurality of open type vibration isolators embedded in the plate body,

wherein the plurality of open type vibration isolators are arranged according to a preset arrangement rule,

each open type vibration isolator comprises an outer sleeve, a rubber spring, a height-adjusting gasket, a spring supporting plate and a locking gasket,

the outer sleeve is embedded in the plate body and runs through the plate body along the length direction, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n in-cylinder protruding parts protruding in the radial direction, and n is more than or equal to 2;

the height-adjusting gasket, the spring support plate and the locking gasket are provided with n convex parts, and the shapes of the outer contours of the height-adjusting gasket, the spring support plate and the locking gasket are matched with the shapes of the inner walls of the outer sleeves at the convex parts in the sleeves.

2. The open track bed slab of claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the length of each plate body is 3.5 m-4.8 m, which is used for arranging 6-8 pairs of sleepers,

the preset arrangement rule is as follows:

if the open type ballast bed plate is used as the middle section of the ballast bed, 3 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged on the plate body at equal intervals;

if the open type track bed plate is used as a first transition section in the track bed, 4 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged on the plate body at equal intervals;

if the open type ballast bed plate is used as a second transition section in the ballast bed, 5 pairs of open type vibration isolators are arranged in the plate body, and the distance between two adjacent pairs of open type vibration isolators is narrower on one side of the plate body, which is far away from the middle section.

3. The open track bed slab of claim 1, further comprising:

and the sealing strips are respectively arranged between the two sides of the plate body in the width direction and the substrate and are made of rubber.

4. The open track bed slab of claim 1, wherein:

wherein the middle part of the heightening gasket is provided with a first abdicating hole and n first mounting grooves communicated with the first abdicating hole, the bulge part of the heightening gasket is arranged on the extending direction of the first mounting groove,

the middle part of the locking gasket is provided with a second abdicating hole and n second mounting grooves communicated with the second abdicating hole, the extending direction of the convex part of the locking gasket is staggered with that of the second mounting groove,

the spring support plate has n mounting holes,

when the n convex parts of the spring support plate and the height-adjusting gasket are respectively abutted against the n convex parts in the barrel, the n first mounting grooves, the n second mounting grooves and the n mounting holes respectively form n through connecting piece mounting holes.

5. A ballast bed, comprising:

a plurality of open type road bed boards which are connected end to end in sequence; and

a plurality of limit bosses for transversely limiting two adjacent open-type road bed plates,

wherein the open ballast bed plate is the open ballast bed plate of any of claims 1 to 4.

6. The ballast bed of claim 5, wherein:

wherein the limit boss is cylindrical or cuboid,

two sides of the board body of the open type road bed board in the length direction are provided with two limiting grooves, the shapes of the limiting grooves are matched with the limiting bosses,

the limiting bosses are respectively clamped with the limiting grooves on the corresponding sides of the two adjacent open type ballast bed boards.

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