CN218708378U - Falling and overturning protection system and control circuit for construction elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a construction machinery field, concretely relates to construction elevator protection system and control circuit that topples that falls. The problem to prior art existence, under the rack fracture, cage safety collude the inefficacy or the fracture of guide rail frame's condition promptly, because of the dead weight of cab and cage is great, the hawser can't provide sufficient joint strength, and then the fracture, threatens the problem of lift personnel personal safety, provides a construction elevator and falls and topples protection system, realizes being connected of automatic disconnection cage and frame, reduces the tensile force that bears of steel cable, further ensures personnel's safety.

Description

Falling and overturning protection system and control circuit for construction elevator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a building construction equipment, especially a construction elevator protection system and control circuit that topples that falls.

Background

The prior art is used for a shaft elevator and adopts a steel cable to be directly connected with a carriage, but the prior art is not ideal for a rack-and-pinion type construction elevator. The total weight of the suspension cage and the driving motor of the construction hoist is about 2.5 tons, and the weight of the guide rail frame makes the construction hoist have huge impact force on the steel cable when falling or overturning, so that the steel cable is very easy to break. The falling protector of the gear-rack type construction elevator has the following defects: if the machining and mounting precision is poor, the transmission noise is high, and the abrasion is large; the structure is complex, the function is easy to lose efficacy, and regular detection is needed. If the conditions such as the breakage of the rack, the connection and the falling off of the rack and the elevator main body, the failure of a safety hook of a suspension cage, the breakage of a guide rail frame and the like occur, the safety catch of the rack and pinion type construction elevator has no protection effect, and the personal safety of the operating personnel of the elevator cannot be ensured.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a: the problem to prior art existence, under the condition that rack fracture, cage safety collude inefficacy or guide rail frame fracture promptly, because of the dead weight of cab and cage is great, the hawser can't provide sufficient joint strength, and then the fracture threatens lift personnel personal safety provides a construction elevator and falls to topple protection system.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: the utility model provides a construction elevator protection system that topples that falls, includes frame, cage and steel cable, the steel cable with the frame cooperation, the cage with the frame is connected, building wall is connected to the one end of steel cable. The other end of the steel cable is fixedly connected with the ground. The rack comprises a controller, a limiting mechanism, a horizontal sensor, a speed sensor and a separation mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanism, the horizontal sensor and the speed sensor are electrically connected with the controller; the disengagement mechanism is electrically connected with the controller; when the values measured by the level sensor and the speed sensor exceed a threshold value, the controller enables the frame and the suspension cage to be separated by controlling the separation mechanism; the controller controls the limiting mechanism to brake and prevent the relative movement of the steel cable and the frame.

The utility model discloses in the user uses, when the lift takes place to topple or fall, through controller, stop gear, level sensor, speedtransmitter and the disengagement mechanism who sets up, level sensor and speedtransmitter detect the inclination of lift and the data condition of tenesmus speed will accept data transmission to controller, and then controller control connection realizes separating fast at the disengagement mechanism of frame and cage. Because in the actual scene of building operation, the cage generally can undertake several tons of heavy goods shipment, when realizing cage and frame separation, the stop gear of fixed connection in the frame top can alleviate immediately and bear the pulling force that comes from frame and cage for the steel cable can continue to put into operation, and is difficult for the fracture, and then ensures the operation personnel's in the frame of body department safety.

Furthermore, the other end of the steel cable can be connected with the ground in a fixed mode according to the field operation condition. The fixed ground connection mode is not selected for processing, so that the application scene range of the utility model can be enlarged on one hand to deal with the complex environment of the real building operation; if not design extra fixing device, on the other hand also can reduce the utility model discloses a manufacturing cost easily marketing and application.

Preferably, the disengagement mechanism is arranged between the frame and the cage; when the inclination angle value measured by the horizontal sensor is larger than the inclination angle threshold value or the speed value measured by the speed sensor is larger than the speed threshold value, the controller controls the connection part of the separation mechanism and the suspension cage to separate the suspension cage from the separation mechanism.

Furthermore, the disengaging mechanism comprises four couplers, one end of each coupler is fixedly connected with the rack and is respectively arranged at four ends of the connecting side surface of the rack and the suspension cage; the other end of the coupling is connected to one side of the suspension cage.

Further, the shaft of shaft coupling can adopt alloy steel to satisfy the heavy load requirement of cage, and then increase the stability of cage and frame, guarantee constructor's operation safety.

Preferably, the separation mechanism further comprises a first motor, a second motor, a third motor and a fourth motor, and the four motors are all connected with the rack through bolts and are electrically connected with the controller.

Preferably, the rack further comprises at least four infrared sensors, the number of the infrared sensors is at least four, the infrared sensors are respectively arranged on one side of the first motor M1, the second motor M2, the third motor M3 and the fourth motor M4, and the infrared sensors are used for judging whether separation is completed or not by measuring the distance between the rack and the suspension cage. The setting up of infrared sensor is in order to cooperate the central control module to detect the flexible condition of movable part that breaks away from the mechanism, works as the utility model discloses when taking place the condition of toppling that falls, central control module controls the controller, and then the movable part that control breaks away from the mechanism.

Further, the infrared sensor may be disposed right under the movable portion of the detachment mechanism and may be fastened to an end of the movable portion at which the movable portion is fixed. This is advantageous for detecting the expansion and contraction of the movable portion by infrared rays. The infrared ray emitted by the infrared ray sensor is emitted on the surface of the movable part, and the light intensity is a fixed range interval. When the movable part stretches to a certain length, infrared rays can be emitted to the inner wall of the coupler outside the movable part, the light intensity can exceed the light intensity range interval preset by the central control module, the movable part is proved to realize the separation task of the rack and the suspension cage, and then the central control module controls the four motors connected with the movable part, so that the motors stop working.

Preferably, the frame further comprises a roof support, the roof support cooperating with the cable.

Preferably, the rack further comprises a partition plate, and the partition plate is arranged between the first motor and the third motor and fixedly connected with the rack; the partition separates the level sensor, the speed sensor and the infrared sensor from the user.

Preferably, the rack further comprises a protective door, the protective door is arranged between the rack and the suspension cage, and the protective door is fixed on the rack.

Furthermore, the protective door can adopt a reticular metal door, so that the self weight of the rack can be reduced on one hand; on the other hand, the rest sides of the rack are generally closed and non-porous, so that the net-shaped design can increase the air circulation in the rack.

A control circuit of a construction elevator fall-over protection system, comprising: the central control module is used for receiving data transmitted by the speed sensing module, the infrared sensing module and the horizontal sensing module and judging and processing the received data, when the central control module detects that an inclination angle value measured by the horizontal sensor is greater than an inclination angle threshold value or a speed value measured by the speed sensor is greater than a speed threshold value, the central control module controls the separation mechanism to disconnect the frame and the suspension cage; the driving module is used for receiving the control instruction of the central control module, processing the control instruction by data and transmitting the control instruction to the braking module; the speed sensing module is used for receiving the speed data detected by the speed sensor and transmitting the speed data to the central control module; the infrared sensing module is used for receiving infrared data detected by the infrared sensor, the infrared sensor is used for measuring the distance between the rack and the suspension cage, and when the infrared data received by the infrared sensing module exceeds a threshold value, the infrared sensing module transmits a signal instruction to the central control module; and the horizontal sensing module is used for receiving the inclined angle data of the rack detected by the horizontal sensor and transmitting the inclined angle data to the central control module.

And the braking module is used for receiving the control instruction of the driving module and controlling the limiting mechanism to limit the movement of the rack.

To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. compared with the prior art, the utility model can automatically disconnect the suspension cage from the frame according to the state of the elevator, reduce the bearing tension of the steel cable and ensure the safety of personnel;

2. compare with prior art rack and pinion formula construction elevator, the utility model discloses a steel cable and stop gear can realize under the effect condition of lift, when avoiding personnel to use rack and pinion formula construction elevator, and its safety hook meets the emergence of the condition such as rack fracture, rack and elevator body coupling drop, cage safety hook inefficacy, guide rail frame fracture, further ensures personnel's safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of embodiment 1.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the junction of a frame and a cage according to embodiment 2;

FIG. 3 is a partial view of the wire rope and the stop mechanism of embodiment 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a stopper mechanism of embodiment 2;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of embodiment 2;

FIG. 6 is a functional flowchart of embodiment 2;

icon: 1-frame, 2-suspension cage, 3-steel cable, 4-roof support, 5-limiting mechanism, 6-first motor, 7-second motor, 8-third motor, 9-fourth motor, 10-level sensor, 11-speed sensor, 12-infrared sensor, 13-controller, 14-disengaging mechanism, 15-clapboard, 16-protective door, 17-guide rail frame, 18-driving motor, 19-driving plate, 501-steel cable reel, 502-brake disc, 503-brake arm, 504-brake block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a frame 1, a cage 2, a wire rope 3, a roof support 4, and a limiting mechanism 5. The roof support 4 is fixedly connected with the wall of a building and matched with the steel cable 3, and one end of the steel cable 3 is fixed with the ground. The limiting mechanism 5 is composed of a steel cable drum 501, a coupler and a brake. The steel cable 3 is wound on the drum wall of the steel cable drum and drives the brake to rotate through the brake arm. When the brake is needed to stop, the brake block can limit the rotation of the brake disc.

This implementation still includes stop gear 14, stop gear 14 sets up in one side of frame 1, and stop gear 14's one end is connected with frame 1, and the other end and cage 2 bolted connection. This embodiment still includes disengagement mechanism 14, disengagement mechanism 14 includes and breaks away from motor, gear, meshing portion, and the one end and the frame 1 fixed connection of motor set up in a side of frame 1, and the other end that breaks away from the motor cooperates with gear and meshing portion.

The meshing portion is a cuboid, one side of the meshing portion is welded with one side face of the suspension cage 2, a plurality of grooves are formed in the other two sides of the meshing portion, and the meshing portion is in clearance engagement with the toothless side of the gear. And a rack groove matched with the meshing part groove is formed in one side of the rack 1, and the gears are arranged on two side walls of the rack groove.

The device further comprises a guide rail frame 17, a driving motor 18 and a driving plate 19, wherein the guide rail frame 17 is connected with one side of the suspension cage 2, the driving motor 18 is connected with the driving plate 19 through bolts, and when the driving motor 18 rotates, the suspension cage 2 and the rack 1 are driven to move in the vertical direction.

When the conditions of rack fracture, falling of connection of the rack and the elevator body and fracture of the guide rail frame occur, an operator operates the separation motor, so that the suspension cage 2 and the rack 1 are relatively displaced, and when the moving distance of the suspension cage 2 exceeds the length of the meshing part, the suspension cage 2 and the rack 1 are disconnected.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment includes a frame 1, a cage 2, a wire rope 3, a roof support 4, and a limit mechanism 5. The roof support 4 is fixedly connected with the wall of a building and matched with the steel cable 3, and one end of the steel cable 3 is fixed with the ground. The limiting mechanism 5 comprises a steel cable drum 501, a coupler and a brake, the steel cable 3 is wound on the drum wall of the steel cable drum 501, and the brake disc is braked by rotating a brake arm 503 and driving a brake pad to fold through a motor 501.

The implementation also comprises a guide rail frame 17, a driving motor 18 and a driving plate 19, wherein the guide rail frame 17 is connected with one side of the suspension cage 2, the driving motor 18 is in bolt connection with the driving plate 19, and when the driving motor 18 rotates, the suspension cage 2 and the rack 1 are driven to move in the vertical direction. The brake pads 504 may restrict rotation of the brake disc 502 when a stop is desired. And the limiting mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the rack 1. The embodiment further comprises a controller 13 and a disengaging mechanism 14, wherein the controller 13 can select an MCS-51 single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is arranged inside the rack 1. The disengaging mechanism 14 can select the plum blossom pad shaft coupling, the plum blossom pad shaft coupling selects four, and the nut connection is distinguished to the one end of four plum blossom pad shaft couplings four ends of a side of frame 1, the other end of four plum blossom pad shaft couplings with four end nut connection of a side of cage 2. The four ends are respectively arranged at the four ends of one side face of the rack 1 and the four ends of one side face of the suspension cage 2, and the stability of connection between the rack 1 and the suspension cage 2 is improved.

The present embodiment further includes a first motor 6, a second motor 7, a third motor 8, and a fourth motor 9, which are electrically connected to the controller 13. The four motors are matched with the four plum blossom pad couplers, and the rotating shafts of the motors are clamped with the plum blossom couplers.

The operation flow of this embodiment is as follows:

(1) When a user finds that the falling protector is broken when a rack, the rack is connected with the main body of the elevator and falls off, a safety hook of the suspension cage fails, the guide rail frame is broken and the like, the user controls the switch of the controller 13;

(2) The controller 13 controls the first motor 6, the second motor 7, the third motor 8 and the fourth motor 9 to start working;

(3) The four motors respectively drive the disengaging mechanism 14 to work, so that the movable part 1401 of the disengaging mechanism 14 stretches and retracts, and the frame 1 is disconnected from the cage 2;

(4) The user operates the switch of the controller 13, and the four motors stop working;

(5) The user operates the controller 13 to start, controls the brake disc of the limiting mechanism 5 to stop rotating, the rack 1 has no displacement relative to the steel cable 3, and the process is finished;

the implementation also comprises a level sensor 10, a speed sensor 11, a partition 15 and a protective door 16. The partition plate 15 is arranged inside the frame 1, welded with the inner wall of the frame 1 and parallel to the bottom of the frame 1. The level sensor 10 and the speed sensor 11 are both arranged in a cavity formed by the partition plate 15 and the bottom of the machine frame 1. The protective door 16 is fixedly connected with one side face of the rack 1, two guide rails can be embedded in the side face of the rack 1, and rolling devices matched with the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the protective door 16, so that the protective door 16 can slide up and down in the vertical direction of the guide rails.

Further, the controller 13 is disposed in the cavity, and the level sensor 10 and the speed sensor 11 are electrically connected. The partition 15 may be provided with a through hole to electrically connect the controller 13 with the first motor 6, the second motor 7, the third motor 8 and the fourth motor 9. Correspondingly, in order to realize that the steel cable 3 can cooperate with the limiting mechanism 5 to control the vertical direction of the rack 1 to stably move, a cable guide through hole is formed in one side of the limiting mechanism 5, and two through holes are formed in the positions, opposite to the cable guide through hole, of the partition plate 15 and the bottom of the rack 1.

The embodiment also comprises a central control module, a driving module, a speed sensing module, a horizontal sensing module, a braking module and a power module, wherein the power module supplies power to the central control module, the central control module adopts an AVR single chip microcomputer with an ATUC64L3U model and takes C language as a control code, a subfunction drive () part defined in the code corresponds to a code executed by the driving module, a subfunction velocity () part defined in the code corresponds to a code executed by the speed sensing module, a subfunction horizontal () part defined in the code corresponds to a code executed by the horizontal sensing module, a subfunction break () part defined in the code corresponds to a code executed by the braking sensing module, the power module adopts an AC-to-DC adapter of GJS480-2402000, and supplies power to the central control module through a plugged 220V power supply.

The central control module operation controller 13 is used for receiving the speed data of the rack 1 acquired by the speed sensing module and the inclination angle data of the rack 1 acquired by the horizontal sensing module, and comparing the speed data with the inclination angle data. Two thresholds are provided, one is a speed threshold which is set to be 0.8m/s; one is a tilt threshold set at 5 °. The driving module is used for receiving the instruction of the central control module and controlling the limiting mechanism 5, the first motor 6, the second motor 7, the third motor 8 and the fourth motor 9 to rotate and work.

The speed sensing module is used for receiving the speed data detected by the speed sensor 11 and transmitting the speed data to the central control module.

The horizontal sensing module is used for receiving the angle data of the rack inclination detected by the horizontal sensor 10 and transmitting the inclination angle data to the central control module.

And the braking module 1002 is used for receiving a control command of the driving module and controlling the limiting mechanism 5 to limit the movement of the rack 1.

This embodiment includes a plurality of functional module, and when the lift was about to overturn or other emergency, the speed condition and the slope condition of the distinguishable frame 1 of level sensor 10 and speed sensor 11, four motors of controller 13 control and stop gear 5, and then realize the disconnection of cage 2 and frame 1, prevent that steel cable 3 is owing to the pulling force that a plurality of weights in cage 2 were applyed, and then the cracked condition takes place, has ensured the operation personnel safety in the frame 1. Meanwhile, the protective door 16 is additionally arranged in the embodiment, so that the operating personnel can be safely positioned in the inner space of the frame 1 under the condition that the frame 1 is inclined, and the condition that the operating personnel drops on the ground from a high position after being thrown out of the frame 1 is prevented.

The flow of the working module of the implementation is as follows:

(1) The central control module sends an inclination angle data and speed data collecting instruction to the controller 13 every 5S through the driving module;

(2) The controller 13 sends a speed data acquisition instruction to the speed sensing module, and the speed sensing module collects the speed data acquired by the speed sensor 11;

(3) Meanwhile, the controller 13 sends an inclination angle data acquisition instruction to the horizontal sensing module, and the horizontal sensing module collects the inclination angle data acquired by the horizontal sensor 10;

(4) The driving module receives the inclination angle data and the speed data collected by the controller 13 and then sends the collected data to the central control module;

(5) The central control module receives the data sent by the driving module, compares the data with a preset threshold value, and sends an instruction when at least one of the acquired speed data and the acquired inclination angle speed exceeds the threshold value;

(6) The controller 13 outputs a control signal to the driving module, and the driving module receives the control signal and sends a command for controlling the motor to the braking module;

(7) The braking module controls the limiting mechanism 5, the first motor 6, the second motor 7, the third motor 8 and the fourth motor 9 to rotate forwards;

(8) The central control module collects speed data and inclination angle speed of the rack 1 every 0.1S;

(9) When the speed of the frame 1 acquired by the speed sensor 11 is greater than 0.8m/s or the inclination angle data of the frame 1 acquired by the horizontal sensor 10 is greater than 5 degrees, the controller 13 outputs a control signal to the driving module to enable the first motor 6, the second motor 7, the third motor 8 and the fourth motor 9 to rotate forwards, and after the frame is separated from the suspension cage 2, the limiting mechanism 5 rotates forwards;

(10) And the user selects the rack 1 to stop lifting or descend to the ground according to the actual situation, controls the controller 13 and finishes the process.

The present embodiment further includes an infrared sensor 12 and an infrared sensing module 1004. The infrared sensing modules 12 are electrically connected with the controller 13, the number of the infrared sensing modules 12 is equal to that of the disengagement mechanism 14, and the infrared sensing modules 12 and the disengagement mechanism 14 are all arranged right below the movable portion 1401 of the disengagement mechanism 14.

Preferably, the infrared sensor 12 is configured to monitor the position of the movable portion 1401 at any time, and when the movable portion 1401 moves to a position other than the position of the infrared ray emitted from the infrared sensor 12, the position of the infrared sensor 12 reflected by the infrared ray changes, and data is transmitted to the central control module. The central control module sends instructions for controlling the four motors to the driving module, and finally the driving module controls the four motors to stop running.

The embodiment can realize the condition that the automatic detection separation mechanism 14 is connected with the cage 2, and further automatically control the work of four motors without manually observing the condition that the separation mechanism 14 is connected with the cage 2 by operating personnel.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A falling and overturning protection system of a construction elevator comprises a rack (1), a cage (2) and a steel cable (3), wherein the steel cable (3) is matched with the rack (1), the cage (2) is connected with the rack (1), and the falling and overturning protection system is characterized in that one end of the steel cable (3) is connected with a building wall, the rack (1) comprises a controller (13), a limiting mechanism (5), a horizontal sensor (10), a speed sensor (11) and a separation mechanism (14), and the limiting mechanism (5), the horizontal sensor (10) and the speed sensor (11) are all electrically connected with the controller (13); the disengagement mechanism (14) is electrically connected with the controller; when the values measured by the level sensor (10) and the speed sensor (11) exceed a threshold value, the controller (13) disengages the frame (1) and the suspension cage (2) by controlling the disengaging mechanism (14); meanwhile, the controller (13) controls the limiting mechanism (5) to brake and prevents the relative movement of the steel cable (3) and the frame (1).

2. A construction hoist fall over protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the disengagement mechanism (14) is arranged between the frame (1) and the cage (2); when the inclination angle value measured by the horizontal sensor (10) is larger than the inclination angle threshold value or the speed value measured by the speed sensor (11) is larger than the speed threshold value, the controller (13) controls the connection part of the disengagement mechanism (14) and the suspension cage (2) to separate the suspension cage (2) from the disengagement mechanism (14).

3. A construction hoist fall over protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that the disconnecting mechanism (14) comprises a first motor (6), a second motor (7), a third motor (8) and a fourth motor (9), and the first motor (6), the second motor (7), the third motor (8) and the fourth motor (9) are all bolted to the frame (1) and are all electrically connected to the controller (13).

4. A construction elevator fall over protection system according to claim 3, wherein the frame (1) further comprises infrared sensors (12), the number of the infrared sensors (12) is at least four and are respectively arranged at one side of the first motor (6), the second motor (7), the third motor (8) and the fourth motor (9); the infrared sensor (12) is used for judging whether separation is completed or not by measuring the distance between the rack (1) and the suspension cage (2).

5. A construction hoist fall over protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (1) further comprises a roof support (4) fixed to the building, the roof support (4) cooperating with the wire rope (3).

6. A construction elevator fall over protection system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the frame (1) further comprises a partition plate (15), the partition plate (15) is arranged between the first motor (6) and the third motor (8), and the partition plate (15) is fixedly connected with the frame (1); a partition (15) separates the level sensor (10), the speed sensor (11), and the infrared sensor (12) from the user.

7. A construction hoist fall over protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that the frame (1) further comprises a guard door (16), the guard door (16) being arranged between the frame (1) and the cage (2).

8. A control circuit of a fall and overturn protection system of a construction elevator, comprising: the central control module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the speed sensing module, the infrared sensing module, the horizontal sensing module and the driving module and judging the received data;

when the central control module detects that the inclination angle value measured by the horizontal sensor (10) is greater than the inclination angle threshold value or the speed value measured by the speed sensor (11) is greater than the speed threshold value, the central control module sends a signal for controlling the separation mechanism (14) to disconnect the rack (1) and the suspension cage (2);

the driving module is used for receiving the control instruction of the central control module, processing the control instruction by data and transmitting the control instruction to the braking module;

the speed sensing module is used for receiving speed data detected by a speed sensor (11) and transmitting the speed data to the central control module;

the infrared sensing module is used for receiving infrared data detected by an infrared sensor (12), the infrared sensor (12) is used for measuring the distance between the rack (1) and the suspension cage (2), and when the infrared data received by the infrared sensing module exceeds a threshold value, the infrared sensing module transmits a signal instruction to the central control module;

the horizontal sensing module is used for receiving the inclination angle data of the rack (1) detected by the horizontal sensor (10) and transmitting the inclination angle data to the central control module;

and the brake module is used for receiving the control instruction of the drive module and controlling the limit mechanism (5) to limit the movement of the rack (1).

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