CN218669622U

CN218669622U - Engine air system and vehicle that can desorb

Info

Publication number: CN218669622U
Application number: CN202222523489.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹学涛
Original assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-22
Filing date: 2022-09-22
Publication date: 2023-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-22

Abstract

The utility model provides a desorptive engine air system and a vehicle, wherein the engine air system comprises air inlet pipelines which are arranged in parallel, and each air inlet pipeline is respectively provided with a hydrocarbon adsorption device; the air filter is arranged at the downstream of the two air inlet pipelines; each hydrocarbon adsorption device is connected with the air inlet end of the air filter in a conduction and controllable manner, and the air outlet end of the air filter is connected with an engine system; the number of the gas return pipelines is the same as that of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices and the gas return pipelines are arranged correspondingly; the return gas pipeline is connected between the downstream of the engine system and the gas inlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption device in a conduction and controllable mode, so that hot gas flow output by the engine system is guided into the hydrocarbon adsorption device. The utility model discloses a but desorption engine air system guides the hot gas flow of engine system output to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment in, utilizes high-temperature gas to carry out the high temperature desorption to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment, realizes hydrocarbon adsorption equipment's cyclic utilization, can avoid the emergence that the pollutant emission exceeds standard the problem.

Description

Engine air system and vehicle that can desorb

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a car technical field that admits air, in particular to engine air system that can desorb. Additionally, the utility model discloses still relate to a vehicle.

Background

With the increasing preservation of automobiles, the environmental impact of pollutants discharged from automobiles is increasing. With the establishment of the national six-emission regulation, the emission of hydrocarbons in the whole vehicle for 24h is required to be less than 300mg. For automotive applications, unburned fuel vapors from the engine are a major source of hydrocarbon pollutants.

For a naturally aspirated engine, after the engine is stopped, fuel vapor with a certain temperature is contained in an air inlet manifold and a crankcase ventilation pipe, and under the action of pressure, the fuel vapor in the air inlet manifold and the fuel vapor in the crankcase can diffuse outwards along an air inlet system pipeline and finally volatilize into the atmosphere from an air inlet to pollute the air; after the supercharged engine is stopped, fuel vapor in the intake manifold and the crankcase can diffuse to the atmosphere along the intercooling pipeline and the intake pipeline, and air pollution can be caused.

In order to prevent unburned fuel steam of an engine from being discharged into the atmosphere, a hydrocarbon adsorption device is often additionally arranged on an air inlet pipeline of a traditional air inlet system and used for adsorbing hydrocarbon; however, the adsorption capacity of the hydrocarbon adsorption device is limited, and the hydrocarbon adsorption device cannot be desorbed under the normal-temperature working condition, and when the hydrocarbon adsorption device reaches the rated adsorption threshold value, the hydrocarbon adsorption device cannot play a role any more, so that unburned fuel steam of the engine is discharged into the atmosphere, and the emission standard exceeding caused by environmental pollution is further caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present invention is directed to a desorption engine air system to realize the recycling of the hydrocarbon adsorption device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

a desorbable engine air system comprising:

the device comprises air inlet pipelines arranged in parallel, wherein each air inlet pipeline is respectively provided with a hydrocarbon adsorption device;

an air cleaner disposed downstream of the two intake lines; each hydrocarbon adsorption device is connected with the air inlet end of the air filter in a conduction and controllable manner, and the air outlet end of the air filter is connected with an engine system;

the number of the gas return pipelines is the same as that of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices, and the gas return pipelines and the hydrocarbon adsorption devices are arranged correspondingly; the return air pipeline is connected between the downstream of the engine system and the air inlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption device in a conduction and controllable mode so as to guide hot air output by the engine system into the hydrocarbon adsorption device;

the desorption conveying pipelines and the hydrocarbon adsorption devices are the same in number and are arranged correspondingly; the desorption conveying pipeline is connected between the air outlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption device and the air inlet end of the engine system, so that the communication between the hydrocarbon adsorption device and the engine system is formed when the corresponding hydrocarbon adsorption device and the air filter are blocked.

Further, the engine system includes an engine, a pinch roller disposed upstream of the engine; the air filter and the desorption conveying pipeline are connected to the pinch roller.

Further, an exhaust gas treatment device is connected downstream of the engine system, and the return gas pipeline is communicated with the exhaust gas treatment device.

Further, the exhaust gas treatment device comprises a catalytic oxidation reaction device arranged at the downstream of the engine system, and the air return pipeline is connected to an air outlet end of the catalytic oxidation reaction device.

Furthermore, a main-path electromagnetic valve controlled by a controller is respectively arranged on a pipeline communicated between each hydrocarbon adsorption device and the air inlet end of the air filter; and each air return pipeline is respectively provided with a loop electromagnetic valve controlled by the controller.

Further, the hydrocarbon adsorption device comprises a shell, an air path formed in the shell, and an adsorption medium arranged on a path through which the air path passes.

Further, the adsorption medium is made of zeolite.

Further, the air path is configured in an hourglass shape.

Furthermore, a vent pipe extending along the axial direction of the shell is arranged in the shell, and the air passage is formed in the vent pipe; the adsorption medium is filled between the vent pipe and the inner wall of the shell; the vent pipe is provided with a communicating hole in a penetrating way.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following advantage has:

but desorption's engine air system, guide the hot gas flow of engine system output to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment in, utilize high-temperature gas to carry out the high temperature desorption to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment, hydrocarbon gas mixture after the desorption directly gets into engine system and participates in the burning to realize hydrocarbon adsorption equipment's cyclic utilization, can avoid leading to the emergence that the pollutant that discharges exceeds standard problem because of can't adsorbing again after hydrocarbon adsorption equipment reaches rated adsorption threshold value.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle equipped with a detachable engine air system as described above.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a vehicle is through being configured with as above the engine air system that can desorb when guaranteeing the normal work of vehicle, can realize hydrocarbon adsorption device's cyclic utilization, has effectively avoidd the emergence because of the pollutant discharge problem that hydrocarbon adsorption device adsorption capacity exceeds standard and leads to.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present disclosure, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are provided to explain the present disclosure, wherein the related terms in the front, back, up, down, and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic desorption diagram of a desorbable engine air system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrocarbon adsorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a housing; 100. a gas circuit; 2. an adsorbent media; 4. a breather pipe; 400. a communicating hole; 5. an air cleaner; 600. a first intake pipe; 601. a second intake pipe; 7. a turbine; 8. a pinch roller; 9. an intercooling heat dissipation module; 10. a heat transfer device; 11. an engine; 12. a catalytic oxidation reaction unit; 13. a muffler; 14. a controller; 150. a first hydrocarbon adsorbing device; 151. a second hydrocarbon adsorbing device; 160. a first gas return line; 161. a second return air line; 170. a first desorption transfer line; 171. a second desorption conveying pipeline; 19. a first main path solenoid valve; 20. a first loop solenoid valve; 21. a third electromagnetic valve; 22. a fourth solenoid valve; 23. a second main path solenoid valve; 24. a second circuit solenoid valve; 25. a seventh electromagnetic valve; 26. an eighth solenoid valve.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms first, second, etc. in this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same item, but are to be construed as indicating or implying any particular importance.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connecting" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise specifically limited. For example, the connection can be fixed, detachable or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with the specific situation.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Example one

The embodiment relates to a desorption engine air system to realize hydrocarbon adsorption device's cyclic utilization, avoid in the system hydrocarbon adsorption device reach rated adsorption threshold value after, can't carry out the emergence that the re-absorption leads to discharging pollutant problem that exceeds standard.

In the overall structure, the engine air treatment system comprises air inlet pipelines arranged in parallel, and each air inlet pipeline is respectively provided with a hydrocarbon adsorption device; the air filter 5 is arranged at the downstream of the two air inlet pipelines, each hydrocarbon adsorption device is connected at the air inlet end of the air filter 5 in a conduction and controllable mode, and the air outlet end of the air filter 5 is connected with an engine system.

The engine air treatment system also comprises a return air pipeline and a desorption conveying pipeline. The number of the air return pipelines and the number of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices are the same and are arranged correspondingly, the air return pipelines are connected to the air outlet end of the air filter 5 and are communicated and controllably connected to the air inlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices, and the number of the desorption conveying pipelines and the number of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices are the same and are arranged correspondingly; the desorption conveying pipeline is connected between the air outlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption device and the air inlet end of the engine system so as to form communication between the hydrocarbon adsorption device and the engine system when the corresponding hydrocarbon adsorption device is blocked by the air filter 5.

Based on the above overall design, an exemplary structure of the engine air system with desorption of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the number of the parallel air intake pipes in the present embodiment may be two, three, etc., and the specific number may be changed according to the actual use situation. The present embodiment is illustrated with two intake conduits, which are designated by the terms first and second intake conduits, respectively.

Specifically, the first air inlet pipeline comprises a first air inlet pipe 600, the air outlet end of the first air inlet pipe 600 is connected with a first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150, the second air inlet pipeline comprises a second air inlet pipe 601, the output end of the second air inlet pipe 601 is connected with a second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151, and the first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150 and the second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151 are both connected with the air inlet end of the air filter 5.

In this embodiment, the number of the gas return lines corresponding to the hydrocarbon adsorbing devices is also two, that is, the first gas return line 160 corresponding to the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150 and the second gas return line 161 corresponding to the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151.

On this basis, the engine system of this embodiment includes engine 11, sets up pinch roller 8 in engine 11 upstream to, air cleaner 5, desorption pipeline all connect on pinch roller 8. The engine system further comprises a turbine 7 arranged downstream of the engine 11, the heat transfer device 10 being connected to the outlet end of the turbine 7. In addition, an intercooling heat dissipation module 9 is arranged between the turbine 7 and the engine 11, the intercooling heat dissipation module 9 is composed of a fan and a intercooler, the intercooling heat dissipation module 9 is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of air by the fan and the intercooler, and the air with the regulated and controlled temperature is suitable to enter the engine 11 for combustion.

It should be noted that an exhaust treatment device is connected to the downstream of the engine system of the present embodiment, and the return air pipe is communicated with the exhaust treatment device. Specifically, the exhaust gas treatment device includes a catalytic oxidation reaction device 12 disposed downstream of the engine system, and a return line is connected to an outlet end of the catalytic oxidation reaction device 12.

Wherein, catalytic oxidation reaction unit 12 is connected with pinch roller 8 play gas end, and in addition, exhaust treatment device still includes and is located the silencer 13 that catalytic oxidation reaction unit 12 was given vent to anger the end and is connected, can understand, can get into catalytic oxidation reaction unit 12 and participate in redox reaction after the turbine 7 of turbo charger is gone into to the waste gas after the burning to can purify hydrocarbon, discharge after the silencer 13 is handled at last.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the main solenoid valves controlled by the controller 14 are respectively provided on the pipelines communicating between the hydrocarbon adsorbing devices and the air inlet end of the air cleaner 5; each return air line is provided with a return solenoid valve controlled by the controller 14. Wherein, the main path solenoid valves comprise a first main path solenoid valve 19 and a second main path solenoid valve 23; the circuit solenoids include a first circuit solenoid 20 and a second circuit solenoid 24.

Specifically, the first main circuit solenoid valve 19 is located between the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150 and the air cleaner 5 on the first intake pipe, the first circuit solenoid valve 20 is located on the first return pipe 160, and further, the fourth solenoid valve 22 is provided between the first intake pipe 600 and the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150. It can be understood that the air flow path of the first intake line is, in order: a first intake pipe 600, a fourth electromagnetic valve 22, a first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150, and a first main path electromagnetic valve 19.

Similarly, a second main solenoid valve 23 is provided between the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151 and the air cleaner 5 on the second intake pipe, a second return solenoid valve 24 is provided on the second return pipe 161, and an eighth solenoid valve 26 is provided between the second intake pipe 601 and the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151. The air flow path of the second inlet line is thus in turn: a second intake pipe 601, an eighth solenoid valve 26, a second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151, and a second main passage solenoid valve 23. The solenoid valves are controlled by the controller 14 to realize the on-off state of each air inlet pipeline and each air return pipeline.

In addition, in order to achieve better control, the first desorption conveying pipeline 170 and the second desorption conveying pipeline 171 are on-off controllable, specifically, the third electromagnetic valve 21 is arranged on the first desorption conveying pipeline 170, the seventh electromagnetic valve 25 is arranged on the second desorption conveying pipeline 171, and the third electromagnetic valve 21 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 25 are controlled by the controller 14 to open or close so as to correspond to different working modes of the first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150 and the second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151.

In order to achieve the purpose of adsorbing hydrocarbons or desorbing hydrocarbons in different operating modes, the engine air system capable of being desorbed in the embodiment has three operating modes: namely, the first air inlet pipeline and the second air inlet pipeline are simultaneously in a working mode; the first air inlet pipeline is in a working mode, and the second air inlet pipeline is in a non-working mode; the first inlet line is in a non-operational mode and the second inlet line is in an operational mode. The set adsorption threshold γ may be determined according to the relevant calibration test result, for example, the hydrocarbon adsorption devices of different sizes may be tested respectively to determine the maximum capacities of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices of different sizes capable of adsorbing hydrocarbons, and of course, the capacities of the hydrocarbon adsorption devices of different sizes capable of adsorbing hydrocarbons are different, so the set adsorption threshold γ may be changed according to the relevant calibration test result.

Through the selection of different air inlet paths, namely in a normal working mode, the first air inlet pipeline and the second air inlet pipeline are in working modes at the same time, when hydrocarbons adsorbed by one hydrocarbon adsorption device or the other hydrocarbon adsorption device reach a set adsorption threshold value gamma, the other two working modes are executed, and a desorption conveying pipeline is introduced to participate in working.

In this embodiment, when the hydrocarbons adsorbed by the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150 reach the set adsorption threshold γ, the first intake pipe is used in the non-operating mode, and the second intake pipe is used in the operating mode; when the hydrocarbons adsorbed by the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151 reach the set adsorption threshold γ, the first intake pipe is used in the operating mode, and the second intake pipe is used in the non-operating mode.

When the hydrocarbons adsorbed by the hydrocarbon adsorbing device on the first intake pipe 600 reach the set adsorption threshold γ, the following description will be given by taking the process of desorbing the hydrocarbons by the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150 as an example with reference to fig. 1, where the second intake pipe is in the working mode, and the specific process is as follows:

the controller 14 controls the first main solenoid valve 19 and the fourth solenoid valve 22 to close, at this time, the first circuit solenoid valve 20, the third solenoid valve 21, the second main solenoid valve 23, and the eighth solenoid valve 26 are in an open state, and at this time, the air enters the air cleaner 5 through the second air inlet pipe 601 and the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151 to be filtered.

Part of the filtered clean air enters the engine 11 to participate in combustion after passing through the air filter 5, the pinch roller 8 and the intercooling heat dissipation module 9, part of the combusted high-temperature waste gas enters the first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150 through the first air return pipeline 160, the high-temperature waste gas can perform high-temperature desorption on hydrocarbons in the first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150, and the desorbed hydrocarbon mixed gas enters the pinch roller 8 through the first desorption conveying pipeline 170 and enters the engine 11 to participate in combustion after passing through the intercooling heat dissipation module 9, so that desorption regeneration of the first hydrocarbon adsorption device 150 is realized; the other part enters an engine 11 through a pinch roller 8 and an intercooling heat dissipation module 9 of the turbocharger to participate in combustion, and the combusted waste gas enters a turbine 7, then enters a catalytic oxidation reaction device 12 to participate in oxidation-reduction reaction, and is discharged through a silencer 13.

Similarly, when the hydrocarbons adsorbed by the second hydrocarbon adsorbing device 151 reach the set adsorption threshold γ, the first intake pipe is in the working mode, and the specific process is as follows:

the controller 14 controls the second main solenoid valve 23 and the eighth solenoid valve 26 to close, and at this time, the first main solenoid valve 19, the fourth solenoid valve 22, the second loop solenoid valve 24, and the seventh solenoid valve 25 are in an open state, and the outside air enters the air cleaner 5 through the first air inlet pipe 600 and the first hydrocarbon adsorbing device 150.

Part of the filtered clean air enters the engine 11 to participate in combustion after passing through the air filter 5, the pinch roller 8 and the intercooling heat dissipation module 9, part of the combusted high-temperature waste gas enters the second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151 through the second air return pipeline 161, the high-temperature waste gas can perform high-temperature desorption on hydrocarbons in the second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151, and desorbed hydrocarbon mixed gas enters the pinch roller 8 and the intercooling heat dissipation module 9 through the second desorption conveying pipeline 171 to enter the engine 11 to participate in combustion, so that desorption regeneration of the second hydrocarbon adsorption device 151 is realized; the other part enters an engine 11 through a pinch roller 8 and an intercooling heat dissipation module 9 of the turbocharger to participate in combustion, and the combusted waste gas enters a turbine 7, then enters a catalytic oxidation reaction device 12 to participate in oxidation-reduction reaction, and is discharged through a silencer 13.

The structure of the hydrocarbon adsorbing device is explained with reference to fig. 2, and the hydrocarbon adsorbing device of the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a gas path 100 formed in the housing 1, and an adsorbing medium 2 disposed on a path along which the gas path 100 travels, so as to adsorb hydrocarbons in a gas flow flowing through the gas path 100. It should be noted that, the housing 1 is a hollow cylinder, and when the air flow passes through the air path 100, the hydrocarbons in the air flow can be adsorbed on the adsorption medium 2, so as to avoid the emission of pollutants exceeding the standard.

In this embodiment, the gas path 100 extends along the axis of the housing 1 and is disposed in the middle of the housing 1, and the adsorption medium 2 is filled between the gas path 100 and the inner wall of the housing 1. It is worth mentioning that when the hydrocarbon adsorption device is used, the airflow can pass through the adsorption medium 2 and fully contact with the adsorption medium 2, so that the use effect of the hydrocarbon adsorption device is ensured. In addition, the hydrocarbon adsorbing device of the embodiment can be used in a horizontal state, and of course, the hydrocarbon adsorbing device can also be placed vertically, so that the purpose of adsorbing hydrocarbon can be achieved.

In addition, in order to improve the adsorption effect of the hydrocarbon adsorption device on hydrocarbons, as a preferred embodiment, the gas path 100 in the present embodiment is configured in an hourglass shape. Specifically, the diameter of the middle position of the air path 100, that is, the middle position of the housing 1, is the smallest, the diameter of the air path 100 gradually increases from the middle position to the left and right sides, and the air path 100 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the length of the housing 1.

It can be understood that, when the air flow enters from one end of the air path 100, because the diameters of the two sides and the middle position of the air path 100 are different, after the air flow enters, because the diameter of the middle position of the air path 100 is the largest, the air flow can directly enter the adsorption medium 2, and the air flow can be guided by the air path 100 and can be more easily contacted with the adsorption medium 2, so as to improve the adsorption effect of the hydrocarbon adsorption device.

In the present embodiment, the gas path 100 is provided with a vent pipe 4 extending in the axial direction of the housing 1 in the housing 1, the gas path 100 is formed in the vent pipe 4, the adsorption medium 2 is filled between the vent pipe 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1, and the vent pipe 4 is formed with a through hole 400. Furthermore, the heat conductor 300 is also located between the breather pipe 4 and the inner wall of the casing 1, and the breather pipe 4 is located inside the casing 1 so as to form the air passage 100, that is, the breather pipe 4 has an hourglass shape.

And the setting of breather pipe 4 can guarantee the stability that adsorption medium 2 filled, makes adsorption medium 2 fix in casing 1. It should be noted that the communication holes 400 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the breather pipe 4, and the diameter of the communication holes 400 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the adsorption medium 2 so as not to leak the adsorption medium 2 from the communication holes 400. In particular, the adsorption medium 2 is made of zeolite. Wherein the zeolite can be silicate, luminescent, Y-type, ZSM-5 type and beta type zeolite, and is used for adsorbing hydrocarbon in fuel steam.

But the engine air system of desorption of this embodiment, in leading the hot gas flow of engine system output to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment, utilize high-temperature gas to carry out the high temperature desorption to hydrocarbon adsorption equipment, hydrocarbon gas mixture after the desorption directly gets into engine system and participates in the burning to realize hydrocarbon adsorption equipment's recycling, can avoid leading to the emergence that the pollutant emission exceeds standard problem because of hydrocarbon adsorption equipment can't adsorb again after reaching rated adsorption threshold value.

Example two

The present embodiment relates to a vehicle equipped with a detachable engine air system as described in the first embodiment. The vehicle of this embodiment is through being configured with like embodiment one the engine air system that can desorb, when guaranteeing vehicle normal work, can realize hydrocarbon adsorption device's cyclic utilization, has effectively avoided the emergence because of the pollutant emission problem that hydrocarbon adsorption device adsorption capacity exceeds standard and leads to.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A desorbable engine air system, comprising:

an air filter (5) arranged downstream of the two intake lines; each hydrocarbon adsorption device is connected to the air inlet end of the air filter (5) in a conduction and controllable manner, and the air outlet end of the air filter (5) is connected with an engine system;

the desorption conveying pipelines and the hydrocarbon adsorption devices are the same in quantity and are arranged correspondingly; the desorption conveying pipeline is connected between the air outlet end of the hydrocarbon adsorption device and the air inlet end of the engine system, so that the hydrocarbon adsorption device is communicated with the engine system when the corresponding hydrocarbon adsorption device is blocked by the air filter (5).

2. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 1, wherein:

the engine system comprises an engine (11), a pinch roller (8) arranged upstream of the engine (11); the air filter (5) and the desorption conveying pipeline are connected to the pressing wheel (8).

3. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 1, wherein:

an exhaust treatment device is connected downstream of the engine system, and the return air pipeline is communicated with the exhaust treatment device.

4. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 3, wherein:

the exhaust gas treatment device comprises a catalytic oxidation reaction device (12) arranged at the downstream of the engine system, and the air return pipeline is connected to the air outlet end of the catalytic oxidation reaction device (12).

5. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 1, wherein:

a main path electromagnetic valve controlled by a controller (14) is respectively arranged on a pipeline communicated between the hydrocarbon adsorption devices and the air inlet end of the air filter (5); and each air return pipeline is respectively provided with a loop electromagnetic valve controlled by the controller (14).

6. The desorbable engine air system according to any of claims 1-5, wherein:

the hydrocarbon adsorption device comprises a shell (1), a gas path (100) formed in the shell (1), and an adsorption medium (2) arranged on a path through which the gas path (100) passes.

7. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 6, wherein:

the adsorption medium (2) is made of zeolite.

8. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 6, wherein:

the air passage (100) is configured in an hourglass shape.

9. The desorbable engine air system according to claim 6, wherein:

a vent pipe (4) extending along the axial direction of the shell (1) is arranged in the shell (1), and the air path (100) is formed in the vent pipe (4); the adsorption medium (2) is filled between the vent pipe (4) and the inner wall of the shell (1); a communicating hole (400) is formed on the vent pipe (4) in a penetrating way.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: the vehicle is provided with a desorbable engine air system as claimed in any of claims 1-9.