CN218665950U - Zero-emission decolorizing system for oil refining - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a zero-emission decolorizing system for oil refining, wherein an oil inlet of a filter is provided with an oil inlet valve and an emptying valve, a middle oil outlet is provided with a circulating valve, a purging valve and an oil outlet valve, and an overflow valve is arranged at an overflow port at the upper part; the outlet of the decoloring tower is connected with the inlet of the oil inlet valve through a feeding pump, the outlets of the emptying valve and the overflow valve are connected with the inlet of the sump tank, and the outlet of the circulating valve is connected with the reflux port of the decoloring tower; the outlet of the purging valve is connected with the inlet of the first hydrocyclone separator, the top exhaust port of the first hydrocyclone separator is connected with the inlet of the second hydrocyclone separator through the first condenser, the top exhaust port of the second hydrocyclone separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through the safety filter and the inlet valve of the compressor, the outlet of the compressor is connected with the circulating inlet of the nitrogen storage tank through the second condenser, and the top outlet of the nitrogen storage tank is connected with the overflow port of the filter through the nitrogen injection pipe and the nitrogen upward injection valve. The system has low operation cost, small tail gas amount, no self-ignition risk and environmental protection.

Description

Zero-emission decolorizing system for oil refining

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a grease processing system especially relates to a refined zero release decoloration system of grease, belongs to the refined decoloration technical field of grease.

Background

In the process of refining and decoloring the oil, a certain amount of activated clay, attapulgite, activated carbon and the like are required to be added for adsorbing pigments, soapstock, phospholipid, metal ions and the like in the oil. The filtered grease becomes clear and transparent, and the subsequent deodorization processing is satisfied. The grease added with the decolorizing agent is fully mixed in a decolorizing tower and then enters a leaf filter for filtration, the decolorizing agent and impurities are attached to the outside of a filter screen, and the clarified grease enters into the filter screen and flows out. After filtering for a period of time, after a filter cake layer with a certain thickness is formed on the filter screen, the filtering resistance is too large, the filtering flow is reduced, and at the moment, the filter cake needs to be removed, so that the filtering capacity is ensured.

Because the oil temperature after decolorization is high, if high-temperature grease is blown by air, the grease is easy to oxidize, the quality of the grease in a filter cake is poor, the acid value of the grease in the cake is high, the yield and the quality of the whole grease are influenced, nutritional ingredients such as vitamin E are damaged, and harmful substances are generated; the flushing gas is mixed with grease and smell and is discharged into the atmosphere, thus influencing the surrounding environment.

Traditionally, the grease in the filter is generally pressed out to a sump oil tank by adopting steam, and simultaneously, after a period of steam purging, the grease in the filter cake on the filter screen is further pressed out of the filter, and the filter cake begins to become a compact layer and is attached to the filter screen. At the moment, the vibration air hammer on the filter blade is started, the filter cake is vibrated down, and after the filter cake is removed, the filter screen of the filter can be reused.

The steam is adopted to blow the cake, the steam cannot achieve the effect of cooling the filter cake, the temperature of the filter cake is high according to experience, the oil content is high, water must be sprayed after the filtration is finished, and the water is sprayed for cooling at regular time, otherwise the filter cake can be spontaneously combusted, and the safety risk is caused. Meanwhile, most of grease is recovered by tail gas generated in the cake blowing process through a hydrocyclone separator, but a large amount of steam is still mixed with grease and flavor and is discharged into the atmosphere, the surrounding environment is influenced, and tail gas heat recovery and tail gas treatment equipment needs to be added.

In addition, according to experience, the single-time purging time of each filter is generally 10 to 20 minutes, and the steam flow consumed by the 80 square meter filter is about 1 ton/hour, so that the steam consumption for single-time purging is 165 to 330kg, the steam price is calculated according to 300 yuan/ton, the steam cost for single-time purging needs 45 to 90 yuan, and the production cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome the problem that exists among the prior art, provide a refined zero release decoloration system of grease, operation energy consumption and expense are low, and safety risks such as no spontaneous combustion, and can avoid discharging peculiar smell material.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model discloses a zero release decolorizing system for refining grease, which comprises a decolorizing tower, a filtering feeding pump and a filter, wherein the bottom outlet of the decolorizing tower is connected with the inlet of the filtering feeding pump, the lower oil inlet of the filter is provided with an oil inlet valve and an exhaust valve in parallel, the middle oil outlet of the filter is provided with a circulating valve, a purging valve and an oil outlet valve in parallel, and the upper overflow port of the filter is provided with an overflow valve; the outlet of the filtering feed pump is connected with the inlet of the oil inlet valve, the outlet pipelines of the emptying valve and the overflow valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank, the outlet of the circulating valve is connected with the reflux port of the decoloring tower, and the outlet of the oil outlet valve is connected with the qualified oil output pipe; the export of purge valve links to each other with the entry of hydrocyclone separator one, the top gas vent of hydrocyclone separator one links to each other with the entry of condenser one, and the export of condenser one links to each other with the entry of hydrocyclone separator two, the top gas vent of hydrocyclone separator two links to each other with safety filter's entry, safety filter's export passes through the compressor inlet valve and links to each other with the entry of compressor, the export of compressor links to each other with the entry of condenser two, the export of condenser two links to each other with the circulation entry of nitrogen gas storage tank, the top export of nitrogen gas storage tank through annotate nitrogen gas pipe and nitrogen gas upward annotate the valve with the overflow mouth of filter links to each other.

As an improvement of the utility model, the nitrogen injection pipe is connected with the oil inlet of the filter through a nitrogen bottom injection valve.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the bottom discharge openings of the first hydrocyclone separator, the second hydrocyclone separator and the safety filter are also connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank.

As a further improvement, the nitrogen bottom injection valve and the nitrogen top injection valve are respectively provided with a check valve at the outlet.

As a further improvement, the upper side wall of the nitrogen storage tank is connected with a nitrogen supplementing valve, and the inlet of the nitrogen supplementing valve is connected with a nitrogen supplementing pipe.

As a further improvement, the bottom of nitrogen gas storage tank is parallelly connected to be installed trap and flowing back valve, the outlet line of trap and flowing back valve with the entry of sump oil jar links to each other, the bottom export of sump oil jar through return valve with the backward flow mouth of decoloration tower links to each other.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the upper overflow port of the filter reaches the safety valve is installed respectively at the top of the nitrogen storage tank, the outlet of the safety valve is connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has been obtained: 1. nitrogen is used as a purging medium of the filter, and the inertia of the nitrogen is utilized, so that the grease is effectively prevented from being in contact with oxygen at a high temperature to generate an oxidation reaction; when the method is applied to a decoloring and filtering system, the risks of oxidation and deterioration of the grease can be reduced;

2. the nitrogen is circularly blown, so that the problems of oil removal and impurity removal of the nitrogen after blowing are solved, and the service life of the compressor is prevented from being influenced;

3. by injecting nitrogen, the air of the system can be quickly exhausted, the relative tightness of the system is ensured by recycling the nitrogen, and the external air is prevented from entering;

4. the operation condition is milder, and the risk of equipment operation and maintenance on operators due to the high temperature of steam cake blowing is avoided; the system does not need to consider heat recovery any more, and reduces the one-time investment of equipment;

5. the temperature of the filter cake can be effectively reduced, the spontaneous combustion of the filter cake is prevented, zero emission of tail gas can be realized when the filter cake is blown, the atmospheric pollution is avoided, and the surrounding environment is improved; meanwhile, the consumption of steam is zero, the energy-saving effect is obvious, the power of the nitrogen circulating device is about 15kw, the cost of electric charge for single filtration is 3-5 yuan, the production and operation cost is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are obvious.

Drawings

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a top view of the oil refining zero-discharge decoloring system of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a bleaching tower; 2. a filter; 3. a nitrogen storage tank; 4. a sump oil tank; B1. a filtering feed pump; v1, an oil inlet valve; v2, switching a valve; v3, an exhaust valve; v4, circulating a valve; v5, a purge valve; v6, an oil outlet valve; v7, an overflow valve; v8. A gas bleed valve; v9. Compressor inlet valve; v10, a nitrogen bottom injection valve; v11, a nitrogen upper injection valve; v12, a nitrogen supplement valve; v13, a drain valve; v14, an oil return valve; s1, a hydrocyclone I; s2, a hydrocyclone II; E1. a first condenser; E2. a second condenser; l1, a safety filter; C1. a compressor; G1. a grease mixing liquid pipe; G2. a nitrogen supplementing pipe; G3. injecting a nitrogen pipe; G4. and (5) a qualified oil output pipe.

Detailed Description

In the following description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not mean that the device must have a specific orientation.

In order to make the technical means, creation characteristics, achievement purpose and efficacy of the utility model easy to understand and understand, the utility model is further explained by combining with the specific figure below.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a refined zero release decoloration system of grease includes decoloration tower 1, filters feeding pump B1, filter 2, nitrogen gas storage tank 3 and sump oil jar 4, and parallelly connected the installing of lower part oil inlet of filter 2 has inlet valve V1, diverter valve V2 and blowoff valve V3, and circulating valve V4, purge valve V5 and delivery valve V6 are installed in parallel to the middle part oil-out of filter 2, and overflow valve V7 is installed to the upper portion overflow mouth of filter 2. Two sets of the filter 2 and the filter feeding pump B1 are usually arranged in parallel, one set is used and the other set is prepared; when the two filters 2 are switched to operate, the switching is performed through a switching valve V2.

The export of grease mixture liquid pipe G1 links to each other with the top entry of decoloration tower 1, and the bottom export of decoloration tower 1 links to each other with the entry of filtering feed pump B1, and the export of filtering feed pump B1 links to each other with the entry of inlet valve V1, and the outlet pipeline of blowoff valve V3 and overflow valve V7 links to each other with the entry of sump oil jar 4 respectively, and the export of outlet valve V6 links to each other with qualified oil output tube G4. The mixed liquid of the grease added with the filter aid enters the decoloring tower 1 from a grease mixed liquid pipe G1 for decoloring, the decolored grease mixed liquid is pumped out by a filtering feeding pump B1 and is injected into an oil inlet at the lower part of the filter 2 through an oil inlet valve V1, the liquid level in the filter 2 flows out through an overflow valve V7 when reaching an overflow port at the upper part, the liquid level enters a sump oil tank 4 for collection, and the overflow valve V7 is closed at the moment. The filter aid is intercepted on the outer wall of the filter element, and the oil liquid flows out from the middle oil outlet of the filter 2 through the filter element and is output through the oil outlet valve V6 and the qualified oil output pipe G4.

The outlet of the circulating valve V4 is connected with the reflux port of the decoloring tower 1, and the oil output from the filter 2 can return to the decoloring tower 1 through the circulating valve V4 if the oil output is not satisfactory.

The outlet of the purge valve V5 is connected with the inlet of the first hydrocyclone S1, the top exhaust port of the first hydrocyclone S1 is connected with the inlet of the first condenser E1, the outlet of the first condenser E1 is connected with the inlet of the second hydrocyclone S2, the top exhaust port of the second hydrocyclone S2 is connected with the inlet of the safety filter L1, the two safety filters L1 are usually connected in parallel, and the bottom sewage outlets of the two safety filters L1 are also connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank 4.

The nitrogen and the oil flowing out of the purge valve V5 firstly enter the first cyclone separator S1 for centrifugal separation, a bottom discharge port of the first cyclone separator S1 is connected with an inlet of the sump oil tank 4, first-stage separation impurities can be discharged into the sump oil tank 4, gas phase after the first-stage separation enters the first condenser E1 for cooling and condensation, then enters the second cyclone separator S2 for continuous centrifugal separation, a bottom discharge port of the second cyclone separator S2 is connected with an inlet of the sump oil tank 4, second-stage separation impurities can also be discharged into the sump oil tank 4, and the nitrogen after the first-stage separation enters the safety filter L1 to thoroughly remove the residual impurities and then is recycled.

The outlet pipelines of the two safety filters L1 are connected with a gas relief valve V8 and a compressor inlet valve V9, and the outlet of the gas relief valve V8 is communicated with the atmosphere; the outlet of the compressor inlet valve V9 is connected to the inlet of the compressor C1. The outlet of the compressor C1 is connected with the inlet of the second condenser E2, the outlet of the second condenser E2 is connected with the circulating inlet of the nitrogen storage tank 3, and the outlet at the top of the nitrogen storage tank 3 is connected with the overflow port of the filter 2 through a nitrogen injection pipe G3 and a nitrogen upper injection valve V11.

The nitrogen with the impurities removed enters a compressor C1 through a compressor inlet valve V9 for compression, and the compressed nitrogen enters a condenser II E2 for cooling again; the temperature of the nitrogen can be adjusted according to different blowing working conditions, the temperature of the filter cake is controlled to be 50-100 ℃, the spontaneous combustion of the filter cake caused by overhigh temperature is prevented, and the cooled nitrogen enters the nitrogen storage tank 3 for cyclic utilization. The upper side wall of the nitrogen storage tank 3 is connected with a nitrogen supplementing valve V12, and the inlet of the nitrogen supplementing valve V12 is connected with a nitrogen supplementing pipe G2. The nitrogen injection pipe G3 is also connected with an oil inlet of the filter 2 through a nitrogen bottom injection valve V10, and in the filtering preparation stage, nitrogen is injected through the nitrogen bottom injection valve V10, so that air in the system can be discharged conveniently.

Check valves are respectively arranged at the outlets of the nitrogen bottom injection valve V10 and the nitrogen upper injection valve V11, so that oil is prevented from entering the nitrogen storage tank 3.

The whole operation process of the system generally comprises the steps of filtration preparation, filtration process, cake blowing process, purging ending and the like.

Preparation of filtration: before the filter 2 is started, the system needs to be filled with nitrogen. Firstly, a nitrogen making machine or a nitrogen supplementing valve V12 is opened, so that the pressure of the nitrogen storage tank 3 is kept at 0.3 to 0.7MPa. Closing a slag discharge valve of the filter 2, opening a purging outlet valve and a gas discharge valve V8 of the filter 2, then opening a nitrogen bottom injection valve V10 of the filter 2 to fill the filter 2 and a pipeline system with nitrogen, stopping the nitrogen after the filter 2 and the pipeline system are opened for 1 to 2 minutes generally, closing the gas discharge valve V8, and enabling the equipment to enter a state to be filtered. The tail gas discharged in the preparation stage is the tail gas after oil removal and temperature reduction, odor substances are removed, the atmospheric emission standard is met, and the discharge amount is small.

And (3) filtering: the grease which enters the decoloring tower 1 and is added with the decoloring argil is stirred and homogenized and then is conveyed to the filter 2 through the filtering feed pump B1, and when the oil enters the filter 2, the oil is sequentially overflowed, circulated, discharged, switched, blown and emptied according to the opening and closing program of the automatic control valve of the filter. In the oil outlet stage, when the pressure of the filter reaches the design value, oil inlet is stopped, and the cake blowing is switched.

A cake blowing process: and (3) opening a nitrogen upper injection valve V11 when the cake is blown, introducing nitrogen from the nitrogen making machine or the nitrogen storage tank 3 from an overflow pipe at the upper part of the filter 2, and ensuring that the pressure of the nitrogen storage tank 3 is kept within 0.3-0.7 MPa in the cake blowing process. The blown nitrogen and the blown grease enter the first hydrocyclone S1, and the grease is discharged from the bottom of the first hydrocyclone S1 and enters the sump oil tank 4 for temporary storage;

and after the gas discharged from the top of the first hydrocyclone S1 is cooled from the hot side of the first condenser E1, part of hot gas and oil mist is condensed and further enters a second hydrocyclone S2 for continuous separation. And (3) filtering the gas discharged from the top of the second S2 of the hydrocyclone separator by using a safety filter 2, opening an inlet valve V9 of a compressor at the moment, introducing the gas into the compressor C1 for compression, increasing the pressure of the circulating nitrogen to 0.3-0.7 MPa, cooling by using a second condenser E2, and returning the gas to the nitrogen storage tank 3 for recycling. When the pressure of the gas storage tank stably reaches the set pressure, the fresh nitrogen is stopped to be supplemented, the nitrogen supplementing adjusting valve is closed, the sweeping nitrogen starts to circulate, at the moment, the zero emission of the sweeping gas is realized, and the total exhaust emission is reduced by more than 80%.

And (4) finishing purging: generally, the cake blowing time is different from 5 to 60 minutes according to different processes and different types of grease. When the purging is carried out for a specified time, the compressor C1 is stopped, the nitrogen gas upper injection valve V11 of the filter 2 is closed, the overflow valve V7 is opened, the bottom valve of the hydrocyclone is opened, and the filter 2 is decompressed. And after the pressure relief is finished, opening a slag discharge valve at the bottom of the filter 2, opening a vibration hammer of the filter, and unloading the filter cake from the filter screen. After the cake discharge is completed, the filter 2 is restored and the filtration preparation state is resumed.

In order to ensure the safety of equipment and a system, a safety valve is arranged at the top of the nitrogen storage tank 3, a safety valve is also arranged on an overflow port pipeline at the upper part of the filter 2, and the outlet of the safety valve is respectively connected with the inlet of the slop oil tank 4.

In order to prevent liquid from being generated after the compression of the circulating nitrogen, a drain valve and a drain valve V13 for draining sewage are arranged at the bottom of the nitrogen storage tank 3 in parallel, the drained liquid of the drain valve and the drain valve V13 enters the dirty oil tank 4 for collection, and the dirty oil collected by the dirty oil tank 4 can return to the decoloring tower through an oil return valve V14 for circulation.

The decoloring tower 1 can also be an oil tank, and the grease which is squeezed and enters the oil tank after being subjected to slag salvaging treatment can also be treated by adopting the system. The system can be applied to impurity removal and filtration of non-volatile animal and vegetable oil such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, palm oil, mineral oil and the like, and decoloration and filtration and winterization filtration of a refining workshop.

Taking a soybean oil refining factory of 1000 tons/day as an example, four leaf filter 2 of square meter 80 are generally configured, cake blowing is carried out after the filter operates for two hours, according to experience, the single-time blowing time of each filter is generally 10 to 20 minutes, and the steam flow of the filter of the square meter 80 is about 1 ton/hour, so that the single-time blowing steam consumes 165 to 330kg, the steam price is calculated according to 300 yuan/ton, and the single-time steam cost is 45 to 90 yuan. And adopt the utility model discloses a system, compressor power is 15kw, and single filtration charges of electricity cost is only 3 to 5 yuan, can practice thrift the working costs 430 ten thousand yuan annually.

The foregoing is only a preferred and exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described, without thereby limiting the scope of the present invention, which should be understood by those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not limited by the foregoing exemplary embodiments. In addition to the above embodiments, other embodiments of the present invention are also possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The utility model discloses still can have various changes and improvements, all adopt the technical scheme that equivalent replacement or equivalent transform formed, all fall in the protection scope that the utility model discloses required. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. The technical features of the present invention that have not been described can be realized by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an oil and fat refining zero release decoloration system, includes decoloration tower, filters feed pump and filter, its characterized in that: the bottom outlet of the decolorizing tower is connected with the inlet of a filtering feeding pump, an oil inlet at the lower part of the filter is provided with an oil inlet valve and an exhaust valve in parallel, an oil outlet at the middle part of the filter is provided with a circulating valve, a purging valve and an oil outlet valve in parallel, and an overflow port at the upper part of the filter is provided with an overflow valve; the outlet of the filtering feed pump is connected with the inlet of the oil inlet valve, the outlet pipelines of the emptying valve and the overflow valve are respectively connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank, the outlet of the circulating valve is connected with the reflux port of the decoloring tower, and the outlet of the oil outlet valve is connected with the qualified oil output pipe; the export of purge valve links to each other with the entry of hydrocyclone separator one, the top gas vent of hydrocyclone separator one links to each other with the entry of condenser one, and the export of condenser one links to each other with the entry of hydrocyclone separator two, the top gas vent of hydrocyclone separator two links to each other with safety filter's entry, safety filter's export passes through the compressor inlet valve and links to each other with the entry of compressor, the export of compressor links to each other with the entry of condenser two, the export of condenser two links to each other with the circulation entry of nitrogen gas storage tank, the top export of nitrogen gas storage tank through annotate nitrogen gas pipe and nitrogen gas upward annotate the valve with the overflow mouth of filter links to each other.

2. The oil refining zero-emission decoloring system according to claim 1, wherein: the nitrogen injection pipe is also connected with an oil inlet of the filter through a nitrogen bottom injection valve.

3. The oil refining zero-emission decoloring system according to claim 1, wherein: and the first hydrocyclone separator, the second hydrocyclone separator and the bottom discharge port of the safety filter are also connected with the inlet of the sump oil tank.

4. The oil refining zero-emission decoloring system according to claim 2, wherein: and check valves are respectively arranged at the outlets of the nitrogen bottom injection valve and the nitrogen upper injection valve.

5. The oil refining zero-emission decoloring system according to claim 1, wherein: and the side wall of the upper part of the nitrogen storage tank is connected with a nitrogen supplementing valve, and the inlet of the nitrogen supplementing valve is connected with a nitrogen supplementing pipe.

6. The oil refining zero-emission decoloring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the nitrogen storage tank is provided with a drain valve and a drain valve in parallel, an outlet pipeline of the drain valve and the drain valve is connected with an inlet of the sump oil tank, and a bottom outlet of the sump oil tank is connected with a reflux port of the decoloring tower through an oil return valve.

7. The oil and fat refining zero-emission decoloring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and safety valves are respectively arranged at the overflow port at the upper part of the filter and the top part of the nitrogen storage tank, and the outlets of the safety valves are respectively connected with the inlet of the dirty oil tank.

Images