CN218665471U - Waste hydrochloric acid treatment device - Google Patents
Waste hydrochloric acid treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN218665471U CN218665471U CN202222233760.XU CN202222233760U CN218665471U CN 218665471 U CN218665471 U CN 218665471U CN 202222233760 U CN202222233760 U CN 202222233760U CN 218665471 U CN218665471 U CN 218665471U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus, the device mainly comprise concentration tower and desorption tower, and its characteristics lie in: the working pressure of the concentration tower is below-0.1 barg, the working pressure of the desorption tower is above 1barg, a feeding port at the top of the concentration tower is connected with the mixer, a discharging port at the bottom of the concentration tower is connected with a feeding port at the top of the desorption tower through a heat exchanger, and a discharging port at the bottom of the desorption tower is connected with the mixer through the heat exchanger. Compared with the prior art, the device for treating the waste hydrochloric acid has the advantages of low energy consumption and high purity of the obtained hydrogen chloride.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to chemical industry waste liquid treatment field, concretely relates to waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus.
Background
The low-concentration hydrochloric acid is common waste liquid in chemical production, contains more or less impurities such as unreacted raw materials, side reaction products or products and the like, cannot be directly utilized, is difficult to sell as inferior hydrochloric acid, and is a better treatment method for resolving into hydrogen chloride gas.
The analytical method suitable for dilute hydrochloric acid mainly comprises two methods of extractive distillation and pressure swing distillation. However, the extractive distillation cannot remove impurities, high boiling point impurities are accumulated in the extractant, the extractant needs to be replaced frequently, and the cost is too high. Impurities with low boiling point can enter HCl gas of the product, which affects the quality of the product and does not meet the treatment requirement. The pressure swing distillation does not need an extracting agent, and is an ideal method, such as Chinese patent CN112723312A, but the conventional pressure swing distillation has no effective impurity discharge scheme, can only process low-boiling-point impurities, and has poor energy utilization rate and high energy consumption. Therefore, a treatment scheme is needed to be found, which can effectively remove impurities in hydrochloric acid, ensure the quality of the analyzed HCl gas and have a high energy utilization rate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the problem, the utility model provides a waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus adopts the device to handle waste hydrochloric acid and has the energy consumption low, advantage that the hydrogen chloride purity that obtains is high.
The utility model provides a waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus, waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus mainly comprises concentration tower 1 and desorption tower 2, its characterized in that: the working pressure of the concentration tower 1 is below-0.1 barg, the working pressure of the desorption tower 2 is above 1barg, a tower top feed inlet of the concentration tower 1 is connected with the mixer 101, a tower bottom discharge outlet of the concentration tower 1 is connected with a tower top feed inlet of the desorption tower 2 through a heat exchanger 3, and a tower bottom discharge outlet of the desorption tower 2 is connected with the mixer 101 through the heat exchanger 3.
Preferably, the concentration tower 1 is provided with a reboiler one 102, a condenser 104, a vapor-liquid separator 105 and a vacuum pump 106, which are matched with each other, wherein the bottom of the concentration tower 1 is connected with an inlet and an outlet of the reboiler one 102 respectively, the top of the concentration tower 1 is connected with an inlet of the condenser 104 and an outlet of the vapor-liquid separator 105 respectively, an outlet of the condenser 104 is connected with an inlet of the vapor-liquid separator 105, the vacuum pump 106 is connected with the vapor-liquid separator 105, and a second flow controller 21 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the vapor-liquid separator 105 and the top of the concentration tower 1.
Preferably, the concentration tower 1 is provided with a first liquid level controller 50 at the bottom, and the waste hydrochloric acid inlet pipeline of the mixer 101 is provided with a first flow controller 20.
Preferably, the desorption tower 2 is provided with a second reboiler 201, a first-stage condenser 202, a second-stage condenser 203 and a demister 204 which are matched with each other, the bottom of the desorption tower 2 is connected with an inlet and an outlet of the second reboiler 201, the top of the desorption tower 2 is connected with an inlet of the first-stage condenser 202, an outlet of the first-stage condenser 202 is connected with an inlet of the second-stage condenser 203, an outlet of the second-stage condenser 203 is connected with an inlet of the demister 204, and return ports of the first-stage condenser 202, the second-stage condenser 203 and the demister 204 are respectively connected with the top of the desorption tower 2.
Preferably, a second liquid level controller 52 is arranged at the bottom of the desorption tower 2.
Preferably, a waste hydrochloric acid discharge pipeline is connected to a connecting pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 and the mixer 101, and the waste hydrochloric acid discharge pipeline is provided with a third flow controller 22.
A waste hydrochloric acid treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, feeding the waste hydrochloric acid to be treated into a concentration tower 1, rectifying under-0.1 barg, and discharging low-boiling-point impurities from the top of the concentration tower 1;
secondly, taking out the bottom material of the concentration tower 1, sending the bottom material into the top of a desorption tower 2 after passing through a heat exchanger 3, rectifying the top material at a pressure of more than 1barg, and taking out the purified hydrogen chloride from the top of the desorption tower 2;
and (III) taking out the tower bottom material rich in high-boiling-point impurities from the desorption tower 2, passing through the heat exchanger 3, partially feeding into the mixer 101, mixing with fresh waste hydrochloric acid, feeding into the concentration tower 1 as waste hydrochloric acid to be treated, and discharging part of the waste hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the working pressure of the concentration tower 1 is-0.5 to-0.8 barg, and the working pressure of the desorption tower 2 is 1 to 5barg.
Preferably, the low boiling point impurities discharged from the top of the concentration tower 1 are not less than 95% of the low boiling point impurities in the waste hydrochloric acid to be treated, and the high boiling point impurities discharged from the bottom of the desorption tower 2 are not less than 98% of the high boiling point impurities in the waste hydrochloric acid to be treated.
Preferably, the low-boiling impurities are impurities having a boiling point lower than that of water, preferably methanol and/or acetone, and the high-boiling impurities are impurities having a boiling point higher than that of water or non-volatiles, preferably sulfuric acid and/or metal salts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the waste hydrochloric acid treatment device of the utility model.
Wherein, 1-a concentration tower, 101-a mixer, 102-a reboiler I, 103-a delivery pump, 104-a condenser, 105-a vapor-liquid separator, 106-a vacuum pump, 107-a reflux pump, 2-a desorption tower, 201-a reboiler II, 202-a primary condenser, 203-a secondary condenser, 204-a demister, 3-a heat exchanger, (10, 11,12,13,14,15,16,17, 18) -a valve, 20-a flow controller I, 21-a flow controller II, 22-a flow controller III, (30, 31) -a temperature controller, 40-a pressure controller, 50-a liquid level controller I, 51-a liquid level controller and 52-a liquid level controller II.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The waste hydrochloric acid treatment device of the utility model is mainly composed of a concentration tower 1 and a desorption tower 2 as shown in figure 1. The working pressure of the concentration tower 1 is below-0.1 barg, the working pressure of the desorption tower 2 is above 1barg, a tower top feed inlet of the concentration tower 1 is connected with the mixer 101, a tower bottom discharge outlet of the concentration tower 1 is connected with a tower top feed inlet of the desorption tower 2 through a heat exchanger 3, and a tower bottom discharge outlet of the desorption tower 2 is connected with the mixer 101 through the heat exchanger 3.
The bottom material of the desorption tower 2 and the bottom material of the concentration tower 1 are subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger 3, so that not only can the heat consumption of the desorption tower 2 be reduced, but also the vaporization of the bottom material of the desorption tower 2 after pressure reduction can be reduced, the disturbance on the feeding of the concentration tower 1 is reduced, and the operation stability of the concentration tower 1 is improved.
The concentration tower 1 is provided with a first matched reboiler 102, a condenser 104, a vapor-liquid separator 105 and a vacuum pump 106.
The tower bottom of the concentration tower 1 is respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of a reboiler I102, and the reboiler I102 is used for heating the tower bottom material of the concentration tower 1. The outlet pipeline of the first reboiler 102 is provided with a temperature controller 30, which can realize accurate control of the temperature of the bottom material of the concentrating tower 1, and when the temperature exceeds a set range, the temperature controller 30 sends an operation signal to the valve 11 to increase or decrease the flow of the heating medium of the reboiler.
The top of the concentrating tower 1 is respectively connected with an inlet of a condenser 104 and an outlet of a vapor-liquid separator 105, an outlet of the condenser 104 is connected with an inlet of the vapor-liquid separator 105, a vacuum pump 106 is connected with the vapor-liquid separator 105, a flow controller II 21 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the vapor-liquid separator 105 and the top of the concentrating tower 1, the liquid reflux quantity of the vapor-liquid separator 105 is accurately controlled through the flow controller II 21, and when the reflux quantity needs to be increased or reduced, a corresponding operation signal is sent to the valve 13 by the flow controller II 21.
A reflux pump 107 and an acidic wastewater discharge pipeline are arranged on a connecting pipeline between the vapor-liquid separator 105 and the top of the concentration tower 1.
The vapor-liquid separator 105 is provided with a liquid level controller 51 and a pressure controller 40, and the liquid level controller 51 monitors the acidic wastewater in the vapor-liquid separator 105 in real time, and adjusts the opening degree of the regulating valve 12 according to the change of the liquid level to regulate the amount of the wastewater discharged, thereby maintaining the liquid level in the vapor-liquid separator 105 stable. The pressure controller 40 can realize the accurate control of the working pressure of the concentration tower 1, and when the working pressure of the concentration tower 1 exceeds the set range, the pressure controller 40 sends an operation signal to the valve 16 to increase or decrease the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump 106.
And a delivery pump 103 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the discharge hole at the bottom of the concentrating tower 1 and the heat exchanger 3.
The tower bottom of the concentration tower 1 is provided with a first liquid level controller 50, the opening degree of the regulating valve 14 is changed according to the liquid level, the amount of the material at the tower bottom of the concentration tower 1 conveyed into the heat exchanger 3 is regulated, and the material enters the tower top of the desorption tower 2 after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3.
The mixer 101 is provided with a first flow controller 20 on the waste hydrochloric acid inlet pipeline, the first flow controller 20 is used for accurately controlling the liquid inlet amount of the waste hydrochloric acid to be treated, and when the liquid inlet amount needs to be increased or reduced, the first flow controller 20 sends a corresponding operation signal to the valve 10.
The desorption tower 2 is provided with a second reboiler 201, a first-stage condenser 202, a second-stage condenser 203 and a demister 204 which are matched with each other.
The bottom of the desorption tower 2 is connected with the inlet and the outlet of a reboiler II 201, and the bottom material of the desorption tower 2 is heated through the reboiler II 201. The outlet pipeline of the second reboiler 201 is provided with a temperature controller 31, which can realize the accurate control of the temperature of the bottom material of the desorption tower 2, and when the temperature exceeds the set range, the temperature controller 31 sends an operation signal to the valve 18 to increase or decrease the flow of the heating medium of the reboiler.
The top of the desorption tower 2 is connected with an inlet of a first-stage condenser 202, an outlet of the first-stage condenser 202 is connected with an inlet of a second-stage condenser 203, an outlet of the second-stage condenser 203 is connected with an inlet of a demister 204, and return ports of the first-stage condenser 202, the second-stage condenser 203 and the demister 204 are respectively connected with the top of the desorption tower 2. After primary and secondary condensation and demisting, high-purity HCl gas is taken out from a demister 204 exhaust port, and liquid generated by condensation and demisting returns to the top of the desorption tower 2.
The tower bottom of the desorption tower 2 is provided with a second liquid level controller 52, a connecting pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 and the mixer 101 is connected with a third waste hydrochloric acid discharge pipeline, and the third waste hydrochloric acid discharge pipeline is provided with a third flow controller 22.
High boiling point impurities are gathered at the bottom of the desorption tower 2, the second liquid level controller 52 adjusts the opening degree of the valve 15 according to the liquid level change, materials at the bottom of the desorption tower 2 are sent to the heat exchanger 3, after heat exchange is carried out in the heat exchanger 3, a part of the materials are discharged out of the system by the third flow controller 22 to control the opening degree of the valve 17, continuous accumulation of the high boiling point impurities in the system is avoided, and the rest of the materials flow back to the mixer 101 to be continuously concentrated.
The specific process for treating the waste hydrochloric acid by adopting the device is as follows:
firstly, feeding waste hydrochloric acid to be treated into a concentration tower 1, rectifying under-0.1 barg, taking out low-boiling point impurities from the top of the concentration tower 1, condensing by a condenser 104, separating by a vapor-liquid separator 105, discharging gas out of the system by a vacuum pump 106, controlling the flow of acid wastewater separated by the vapor-liquid separator 105 at the top of the concentration tower 1 by a second flow controller 21, and discharging the accumulated acid wastewater out of the system by a liquid level controller 51;
secondly, taking out the bottom material of the concentration tower 1 under the control of a first liquid level controller 50, feeding the taken-out bottom material into the top of a desorption tower 2 after passing through a heat exchanger 3, rectifying the bottom material at a pressure higher than 1barg, removing water from the top material of the desorption tower 2 after primary condensation, secondary condensation and demisting to obtain high-purity hydrogen chloride gas, and refluxing liquid generated by condensation and demisting to the top of the desorption tower 2;
and (III) the tower bottom material of the desorption tower 2 is rich in high-boiling-point impurities, the taking-out of the tower bottom material of the desorption tower 2 is controlled by a second liquid level controller 52, part of the taken-out tower bottom material passes through a heat exchanger 3, and is sent into a mixer 101 as a reflux material to be mixed with fresh waste hydrochloric acid, and then is sent into a concentration tower 1 as waste hydrochloric acid to be treated, part of the waste hydrochloric acid is discharged out of the system, and the proportion of the reflux amount and the discharge amount is controlled by a third flow controller 22.
The top of the concentrating tower adopts a flow and liquid level dual-control system, so that the reflux quantity can be effectively controlled, the stability of the operation of the concentrating tower is improved, low-boiling-point impurities can be stably discharged conveniently, and the operation stability is obviously improved.
The bottom of the desorption tower adopts a flow and liquid level dual-control system, so that the discharge amount can be accurately controlled, the impurities with high boiling point can be timely removed, the liquid level at the bottom of the desorption tower can be accurately controlled, and the stability of the operation of the desorption tower can be ensured.
Taking waste hydrochloric acid with a concentration of about 20% (which contains about 2% methanol and about 5% sulfuric acid) as an example, the process conditions are as follows: the working pressure of the concentration tower 1 is-0.7 barg, the temperature is 68 ℃, the working pressure of the desorption tower 2 is 2.5barg, and the working pressure is 126 ℃, so that the content of methanol in hydrogen chloride gas is lower than 200ppm and the content of sulfuric acid is lower than 20ppm after treatment. The methanol removal rate can reach more than 99 percent, and the sulfuric acid removal rate can reach more than 99.5 percent. The total amount of methanol in the acid wastewater discharged from the top of the concentration tower 1 is not less than 95% of the total amount of methanol in the waste hydrochloric acid feed, and the total amount of sulfuric acid in the bottom of the desorption tower 2 is not less than 98% of the total amount of sulfuric acid in the waste hydrochloric acid feed.
"barg" means bar (gauge pressure), working pressure (gauge pressure) = absolute pressure-atmospheric pressure
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus, waste hydrochloric acid processing apparatus mainly comprises concentration tower (1) and desorption tower (2), its characterized in that: the working pressure of the concentration tower (1) is below-0.1 barg, the working pressure of the desorption tower (2) is above 1barg, a tower top feed inlet of the concentration tower (1) is connected with the mixer (101), a tower bottom discharge port of the concentration tower (1) is connected with a tower top feed inlet of the desorption tower (2) through a heat exchanger (3), and a tower bottom discharge port of the desorption tower (2) is connected with the mixer (101) through the heat exchanger (3).
2. The waste hydrochloric acid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentrating tower (1) is provided with a reboiler I (102), a condenser (104), a vapor-liquid separator (105) and a vacuum pump (106), wherein the bottom of the concentrating tower (1) is connected with an inlet and an outlet of the reboiler I (102) respectively, the top of the concentrating tower (1) is connected with an inlet of the condenser (104) and an outlet of the vapor-liquid separator (105) respectively, an outlet of the condenser (104) is connected with an inlet of the vapor-liquid separator (105), the vacuum pump (106) is connected with the vapor-liquid separator (105), and a second flow controller (21) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the vapor-liquid separator (105) and the top of the concentrating tower (1).
3. The waste hydrochloric acid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tower bottom of the concentration tower (1) is provided with a first liquid level controller (50), and a first flow controller (20) is arranged on a waste hydrochloric acid inlet pipeline of the mixer (101).
4. The waste hydrochloric acid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the desorption tower (2) is provided with a reboiler II (201), a first-stage condenser (202), a second-stage condenser (203) and a demister (204) which are matched with each other, wherein the bottom of the desorption tower (2) is connected with an inlet and an outlet of the reboiler II (201), the top of the desorption tower (2) is connected with an inlet of the first-stage condenser (202), an outlet of the first-stage condenser (202) is connected with an inlet of the second-stage condenser (203), an outlet of the second-stage condenser (203) is connected with an inlet of the demister (204), and return ports of the first-stage condenser (202), the second-stage condenser (203) and the demister (204) are respectively connected with the top of the desorption tower (2).
5. The waste hydrochloric acid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a second liquid level controller (52) is arranged at the bottom of the desorption tower (2).
6. The waste hydrochloric acid treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a waste hydrochloric acid external discharge pipeline is connected to a connecting pipeline of the heat exchanger (3) and the mixer (101), and is provided with a third flow controller (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222233760.XU CN218665471U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Waste hydrochloric acid treatment device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222233760.XU CN218665471U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Waste hydrochloric acid treatment device |
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| CN218665471U true CN218665471U (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| CN202222233760.XU Active CN218665471U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Waste hydrochloric acid treatment device |
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