CN218635216U

CN218635216U - Multi-process composite vacuum fresh-keeping equipment

Info

Publication number: CN218635216U
Application number: CN202222208745.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张俊晖; 杨文哲; 王鹏; 王超荣; 陈星宇; 黄丽萍; 朱西亚; 敖晓蕤; 蒋苏; 王成龙; 蒋国平; 王雷
Original assignee: Tianjin Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2023-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to a food fresh-keeping technical field especially relates to a compound vacuum preservation equipment of many technologies, including real empty room, be provided with the bearing support in the real empty room, the bearing support is hollow structure, bearing support intercommunication has freeze-drying portion, freeze-drying portion is used for refrigeration or dry vacuum indoor food, freeze-drying portion intercommunication has plate heat exchanger A way, plate heat exchanger B way intercommunication has refrigeration component, refrigeration component intercommunication has vacuum assembly, vacuum assembly and real empty room bottom intercommunication, the rigid coupling has the electrode portion in the bearing support, electrode portion electric connection has electric field generator, electric field generator is located the real empty room outside, real empty room top intercommunication has the F negative pressure valve, F negative pressure valve intercommunication has the S seepage valve, S seepage valve intercommunication has first vacuometer. The utility model discloses can reach and realize that the precooling is fresh-keeping and drying function in the purpose of an organic whole.

Description

Multi-process composite vacuum fresh-keeping equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a food fresh-keeping technical field especially relates to a compound vacuum preservation equipment of multi-process.

Background

Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the demand on fruit and vegetable types is increased day by day, traditional fruit and vegetable need in time transport after picking, sell nearby and just can guarantee the fresh degree of fruit and vegetable, compare in traditional fruit and vegetable pretreatment mode, vacuum precooling can effectively reduce field heat, reduces fruit and vegetable respiratory rate to improve fruit and vegetable storage time, so that long-time storage and transportation of fruit and vegetable have wide application in the production life.

Along with scientific development, vacuum freeze drying is another means of preservation, can be fine assurance texture characteristics and the nutrient composition of food, has wide research prospect, but current industrial precooling equipment and drying equipment are high in cost, each equipment function is single, be not suitable for research and teaching field, make the research cost remain high, be unfavorable for the activity such as teaching scientific research going on, consequently need a multi-process compound vacuum preservation equipment to solve urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a compound vacuum preservation equipment of many technologies to solve above-mentioned problem, reach the purpose that realizes that the precooling is fresh-keeping and drying function in an organic whole.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following scheme:

the utility model provides a compound vacuum preservation equipment of many technologies, includes the real empty room, be provided with the bearing support in the real empty room, the bearing support is hollow structure, bearing support intercommunication has freeze-drying portion, freeze-drying portion is located the real empty room outside, freeze-drying portion intercommunication has plate heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger includes plate heat exchanger A way and plate heat exchanger B way, freeze-drying portion with plate heat exchanger A way intercommunication, freeze-drying portion bearing support with plate heat exchanger A way forms the intercommunication return circuit, plate heat exchanger B way intercommunication has refrigeration subassembly, refrigeration subassembly intercommunication has vacuum component, vacuum component with real empty room bottom intercommunication, the rigid coupling has the electrode portion in the bearing support, electrode portion electric connection has electric field generator, electric field generator is located the real empty room outside, real empty room top intercommunication has the F negative pressure valve, the F negative pressure valve intercommunication has the S seepage valve, the S seepage valve intercommunication has first vacuum gauge.

Preferably, the freeze drying portion includes the circulating oil pump, circulating oil pump one end with the bearing support intercommunication, the circulating oil pump other end intercommunication has electric heater, electric heater with plate heat exchanger A way liquid outlet intercommunication, plate heat exchanger A way inlet with the bearing support intercommunication, the bearing support the circulating oil pump the electric heater with plate heat exchanger A way forms the intercommunication return circuit.

Preferably, the refrigeration assembly comprises a front-end plate heat exchanger, the front-end plate heat exchanger comprises a front-end plate heat exchanger A path and a front-end plate heat exchanger B path, a liquid inlet of the front-end plate heat exchanger B path is communicated with the refrigeration part, a liquid outlet of the front-end plate heat exchanger B path is communicated with a liquid inlet of the vacuum assembly, a liquid outlet of the vacuum assembly is communicated with a liquid return pipeline, the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the refrigeration part, and the refrigeration part, the vacuum assembly, the front-end plate heat exchanger B path and the liquid return pipeline form a communicated loop;

the liquid inlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A is communicated with the refrigerating part through a first expansion valve, the liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A is communicated with the liquid return pipeline, and the refrigerating part, the first expansion valve, the front-end plate type heat exchanger A and the liquid return pipeline form a communicated loop;

and the liquid outlet of the B path of the front-end plate heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid inlet of the B path of the plate heat exchanger through a second liquid outlet valve, and the liquid outlet of the B path of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the refrigerating part.

Preferably, the refrigeration portion includes vapour and liquid separator, vapour and liquid separator one end with plate heat exchanger B way liquid outlet intercommunication, return the liquid pipeline with vapour and liquid separator intercommunication, vapour and liquid separator communicates in proper order has refrigeration compressor, oil separator, condenser and second expansion valve, the second expansion valve passes through first expansion valve with front end plate heat exchanger A way inlet intercommunication, the second expansion valve with front end plate heat exchanger B way inlet intercommunication.

Preferably, the vacuum assembly comprises a cold trap, a liquid inlet of the cold trap is communicated with a liquid outlet of a B path of the front-end plate heat exchanger through a first liquid outlet valve, a liquid outlet of the cold trap is communicated with a liquid return pipeline, a shell of the cold trap is communicated with the vacuum chamber, the shell of the cold trap is communicated with a vacuum pump, a second vacuum gauge is communicated between the shell of the cold trap and the vacuum pump, and a P drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the cold trap.

Preferably, the liquid return pipeline comprises a one-way valve, the liquid outlet of the cold trap is communicated with the inlet end of the one-way valve, the liquid outlet of the front-end plate heat exchanger A pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the one-way valve, and the outlet end of the one-way valve is communicated with the gas-liquid separator.

Preferably, the electrode part comprises a parallel electrode plate, the parallel electrode plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bearing support, the parallel electrode plate is electrically connected with the electric field generator, and the parallel electrode plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of probes.

The utility model discloses has following technological effect: when in use, food is placed on the bearing support, the bearing support is communicated with the freeze-drying part, the freeze-drying part enables the food in the vacuum chamber to be frozen (refrigerated) or dried through temperature change, the freeze-drying part is communicated with the plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger comprises a plate heat exchanger path A and a plate heat exchanger path B, the plate heat exchanger path A and the plate heat exchanger path B are not communicated with each other, the plate heat exchanger path A and the plate heat exchanger path B can only realize heat exchange, the freeze-drying part is communicated with the plate heat exchanger path A, the freeze-drying part, the bearing support and the plate heat exchanger path A form a communicated loop, the plate heat exchanger path B is communicated with a refrigerating assembly, the temperature of the plate heat exchanger path B is reduced through the refrigerating assembly, the plate heat exchanger path B and the plate heat exchanger path A generate heat exchange, the temperature of the bearing support is further reduced, the refrigeration assembly is communicated with the vacuum assembly, the vacuum assembly is communicated with the bottom of the vacuum chamber, the vacuum assembly enables the vacuum chamber to be in a vacuum state, the top of the vacuum chamber is sequentially communicated with an F negative pressure valve, an S leakage valve and a first vacuum gauge, the vacuum chamber is enabled to be in the vacuum state through combined action of the F negative pressure valve, the S leakage valve and the vacuum assembly, when the bin door of the vacuum chamber needs to be opened, the F negative pressure valve and the S leakage valve are released, the operation of the vacuum assembly is stopped, air is supplemented into the vacuum chamber, the bin door can be opened when the vacuum chamber is in a non-vacuum state, the vacuum state in the vacuum chamber 1 can be detected in real time through the first vacuum gauge, combination of precooling equipment and drying equipment is achieved, and one piece of equipment has the functions of freezing and drying at the same time; for further verifying the influence of electric field to food vacuum freezing process, through rigid coupling electrode portion in bearing support, electrode portion and electric field generator electric connection, when the electric field system need to operate, open electric field generator, the electric field is opened, observe food vacuum freezing state under the state that the electric field exists, close electric field generator afterwards, the electric field is closed, through the food vacuum freezing state relative ratio with electric field generator closed state under the same condition, can learn the influence of electric field to food vacuum freezing process, be favorable to studying the influence of electric field to food vacuum freezing process, can be used to the teaching scientific research activity.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the vacuum precooling process of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vacuum drying process of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vacuum freeze-drying process of the present invention;

wherein, 1, a vacuum chamber; 2. cold trapping; 3. a vacuum pump; 4. a plate heat exchanger; 5. a refrigeration compressor; 6. an oil separator; 7. a condenser; 8. a front end plate heat exchanger; 9. a gas-liquid separator; 10. a circulating oil pump; 11. an electric heater; 12. parallel electrode plates; 13. an electric field generator; 14. a first expansion valve; 15. a first liquid outlet valve; 16. a second liquid outlet valve; 17. supporting a bracket; 18. a second expansion valve; 19. f, a negative pressure valve; 20. s leakage valve; 21. a first vacuum gauge; 22. a second vacuum gauge; 23. a one-way valve; 24. p, a drain valve; 25. a return line; 401. a path A of the plate heat exchanger; 402. a B path of the plate heat exchanger; 801. a front-end plate heat exchanger A path; 802. and the front-end plate heat exchanger is in a B path.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the embodiment provides a multi-process composite vacuum refreshing apparatus, which includes a vacuum chamber 1, a support bracket 17 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, the support bracket 17 is of a hollow structure, the support bracket 17 is communicated with a freeze-drying portion, the freeze-drying portion is located on the outer side of the vacuum chamber 1, the freeze-drying portion is communicated with a plate heat exchanger 4, the plate heat exchanger 4 includes a plate heat exchanger a path 401 and a plate heat exchanger B path 402, the freeze-drying portion is communicated with the plate heat exchanger a path 401, the freeze-drying portion, the support bracket 17 and the plate heat exchanger a path 401 form a communication loop, the plate heat exchanger B path 402 is communicated with a refrigeration component, the refrigeration component is communicated with a vacuum component, the vacuum component is communicated with the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1, an electrode portion is fixedly connected in the support bracket 17, the electrode portion is electrically connected with an electric field generator 13, the electric field generator 13 is located on the outer side of the vacuum chamber 1, the top of the vacuum chamber 1 is communicated with an F negative pressure valve 19, the F negative pressure valve 19 is communicated with an S leakage valve 20, and the S leakage valve 20 is communicated with a first vacuum meter 21.

When the vacuum drying device is used, food is placed on the bearing support 17, the bearing support 17 is of a hollow structure, the bearing support 17 is communicated with a freeze-drying part, the freeze-drying part is used for refrigerating or drying the food in the vacuum chamber 1, the freeze-drying part enables the food in the vacuum chamber 1 to be frozen (refrigerated) or dried through temperature change, the freeze-drying part is communicated with the plate heat exchanger 4, the plate heat exchanger 4 comprises a plate heat exchanger A path 401 and a plate heat exchanger B path 402, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402 are not communicated with each other, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402 can only realize heat exchange, the freeze-drying part is communicated with the plate heat exchanger A path 401, the freeze-drying part, the bearing support 17 and the plate heat exchanger A path 401 form a communication loop, and the plate heat exchanger B path 402 is communicated with a refrigerating assembly, the temperature of a B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger is reduced through a refrigeration assembly, the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger and a path 401 of the plate heat exchanger generate heat exchange, and further the temperature of the bearing support 17 is reduced, the refrigeration assembly is communicated with a vacuum assembly, the vacuum assembly is communicated with the bottom of a vacuum chamber 1, the vacuum chamber 1 is in a vacuum state through the vacuum assembly, the top of the vacuum chamber 1 is sequentially communicated with an F negative pressure valve 19, an S leakage valve 20 and a first vacuum gauge 21, the F negative pressure valve 19 and the S leakage valve 20 are used together with the vacuum assembly to enable the vacuum chamber 1 to reach a vacuum state, when a bin door of the vacuum chamber 1 needs to be opened, the F negative pressure valve 19 and the S leakage valve 20 are released and the vacuum assembly stops operating, the vacuum chamber 1 is filled with air, the vacuum chamber 1 is in a non-vacuum state, the bin door can be opened, and the vacuum state in the vacuum chamber 1 can be detected in real time through the first vacuum gauge 21.

Research shows that the electric field can effectively shorten food vacuum freezing time, for further verifying the influence of the electric field on the food vacuum freezing process, through fixedly connecting an electrode part in the bearing bracket 17, the electrode part is electrically connected with the electric field generator 13, the electric field generator 13 is positioned outside the vacuum chamber 1, when an electric field system needs to be operated, the electric field generator 13 is opened, the electric field is opened, the food vacuum freezing state is observed under the state that the electric field exists, then the electric field generator 13 is closed, the electric field is closed, and the influence of the electric field on the food vacuum freezing process can be known by comparing the electric field with the food vacuum freezing state of the electric field generator 13 in the closed state under the same condition.

Further optimize the scheme, the freeze drying portion includes circulating oil pump 10, and circulating oil pump 10 one end and bearing support 17 intercommunication, and circulating oil pump 10 other end intercommunication has electric heater 11, and electric heater 11 and plate heat exchanger A way 401 liquid outlet intercommunication, plate heat exchanger A way 401 liquid inlet and bearing support 17 intercommunication, and bearing support 17, circulating oil pump 10, electric heater 11 and plate heat exchanger A way 401 form the intercommunication return circuit.

The supporting bracket 17, the circulating oil pump 10, the electric heater 11 and the plate heat exchanger A path 401 are sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form a communicating loop, silicone oil is injected into the pipeline, the silicone oil is pumped by the circulating oil pump 10 to sequentially pass through the supporting bracket 17, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the electric heater 11 and then return to the circulating oil pump 10, the circulating oil pump 10 enables the silicone oil to circularly flow in the communicating loop, the silicone oil in the pipeline is heated through the electric heater 11, the first liquid outlet valve 16 is closed at the moment, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402 do not generate heat exchange, the heated silicone oil can enable the temperature of the supporting bracket 17 to rise, and further the temperature in the vacuum chamber 1 is improved, so that food is dried; after the electric heater 11 is turned off, heat exchange is generated between the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402, the temperature of silicone oil in the plate heat exchanger A path 401 is reduced through the refrigeration component communicated with the plate heat exchanger B path 402, and then the low-temperature silicone oil is introduced into the bearing support 17, so that the temperature in the vacuum chamber 1 is reduced, and freezing (cold storage) in the vacuum chamber 1 is further realized.

According to a further optimized scheme, the refrigeration assembly comprises a front-end plate type heat exchanger 8, the front-end plate type heat exchanger 8 comprises a front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and a front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802, a liquid inlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 is communicated with a refrigeration part, a liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 is communicated with a liquid inlet of a vacuum assembly, a liquid outlet of the vacuum assembly is communicated with a liquid return pipeline 25, the liquid return pipeline 25 is communicated with the refrigeration part, and the refrigeration part, the vacuum assembly, the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 and the liquid return pipeline 25 form a communicated loop;

the liquid inlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 is communicated with the refrigerating part through a first expansion valve 14, the liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 is communicated with the liquid return pipeline 25, and the refrigerating part, the first expansion valve 14, the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the liquid return pipeline 25 form a communicated loop;

the liquid outlet of the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger is also communicated with the liquid inlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger through a second liquid outlet valve 16, and the liquid outlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the refrigerating part.

Only heat exchange can be realized between the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802, and the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 are not communicated with each other;

the refrigeration part, the vacuum assembly, the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 and the liquid return pipeline 25 are communicated through pipelines to form a communicated loop, refrigerant liquid flows in the pipelines, and the refrigerant liquid returns to the refrigeration part after passing through the refrigeration part, the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802, the vacuum assembly and the liquid return pipeline 25 in sequence;

the refrigerant liquid enters the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger after the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is reduced by the refrigerating part, so that the temperature in the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger is reduced, then the refrigerant liquid flows into the vacuum assembly, so that the temperature in the vacuum assembly is reduced, and then the refrigerant liquid returns to the refrigerating part through the liquid return pipeline 25;

the refrigeration part, the first expansion valve 14, the front end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the liquid return pipeline 25 are communicated through pipelines to form a communicated loop, refrigerating fluid flows in the pipelines, the refrigerating fluid returns to the refrigeration part after passing through the refrigeration part, the first expansion valve 14, the front end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the liquid return pipeline 25 in sequence, the refrigerating fluid can obviously reduce the temperature of the refrigerating fluid through the first expansion valve 14, the temperature of the front end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 is lower than that of the front end plate type heat exchanger B path 802, the front end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 and the front end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 generate heat exchange, the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration part is further improved, and the temperature of the refrigerating fluid introduced into the vacuum assembly is further reduced;

the liquid outlet of the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger is also communicated with the liquid inlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger through a second liquid outlet valve 16, the liquid outlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the refrigerating part, the liquid outlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger can also be communicated with a liquid return pipeline 25, refrigerating liquid flows into the refrigerating part through the liquid return pipeline 25, the communication mode of the liquid outlet of the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger and the refrigerating part can be adjusted according to actual conditions, the refrigerating liquid in the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger can only flow to the refrigerating part, the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger, the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger and the refrigerating part form a communication loop, the refrigerating liquid flows through the B path 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger and the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger sequentially, and then flows into the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger through the second liquid outlet valve 16, so that the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger and the A path 401 of the plate heat exchanger are controlled to generate heat exchange, a temperature sensor can be arranged before the refrigerating liquid enters the B path 402 of the plate heat exchanger, and the refrigerating liquid enters the plate heat exchanger through the temperature sensor.

According to a further optimization scheme, the refrigerating part comprises a gas-liquid separator 9, one end of the gas-liquid separator 9 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a channel 402 of the plate heat exchanger B, a liquid return pipeline 25 is communicated with the gas-liquid separator 9, the gas-liquid separator 9 is sequentially communicated with a refrigerating compressor 5, an oil separator 6, a condenser 7 and a second expansion valve 18, the second expansion valve 18 is communicated with a liquid inlet of a channel 801 of the front-end plate heat exchanger A through a first expansion valve 14, and the second expansion valve 18 is communicated with a liquid inlet of a channel 802 of the front-end plate heat exchanger B.

The refrigerant in the liquid return pipeline 25 can only flow to the gas-liquid separator 9, the refrigerant flows to the second expansion valve 18 through the condenser 7, the temperature of the refrigerant is further reduced by the second expansion valve 18, part of the refrigerant enters the front-end plate type heat exchanger B channel 802, the other part of the refrigerant enters the front-end plate type heat exchanger A channel 801 through the first expansion valve 14, the temperature of the refrigerant is further reduced by the first expansion valve 14, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A channel 801 is lower than that of the refrigerant in the front-end plate type heat exchanger B channel 802.

Further optimize the scheme, the vacuum assembly includes

cold trap

2, 2 inlet of cold trap and front end plate heat exchanger B way 802 liquid outlet through first play liquid valve 15 intercommunication, 2 liquid outlets of cold trap and liquid return pipeline 25 intercommunication, 2 shells of cold trap and vacuum chamber 1 intercommunication, 2 shells of cold trap intercommunication have vacuum pump 3, it has second vacuometer 22 to communicate between 2 shells of cold trap and the

vacuum pump

3, 2 bottoms of cold trap are equipped with P drain valve 24.

The refrigeration part, the cold trap 2, the front-end plate heat exchanger B path 802 and the liquid return pipeline 25 are communicated through pipelines to form a communicated loop, the refrigerant liquid sequentially passes through the refrigeration part, the front-end plate heat exchanger B path 802, the cold trap 2 and the liquid return pipeline 25 and then returns to the refrigeration part, a first liquid outlet valve 15 is arranged between a liquid inlet of the cold trap 2 and a liquid outlet of the front-end plate heat exchanger B path 802, the refrigerant liquid can be controlled to flow into the cold trap 2 through the first liquid outlet valve 15, the opening and closing of the cooling of the cold trap 2 are further controlled, a temperature sensor can be arranged between the cold trap 2 and the front-end plate heat exchanger B path 802 pipeline, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the cold trap 2 is detected through the temperature sensor, a shell of the cold trap 2 is communicated with the vacuum chamber 1, the shell of the cold trap 2 is further communicated with the vacuum pump 3, air in the vacuum chamber 1 is pumped out through the vacuum pump 3, so that a vacuum state is formed in the vacuum chamber 1 is formed, a second vacuum gauge 22 is arranged between the vacuum pump 3 and the shell communicated pipeline, and the cold trap 2 shell, and the second vacuum gauge 22 can detect the pressure of the gas in the pipeline;

when the first liquid outlet valve 15 is opened, the refrigerant liquid with lower temperature enters the cold trap 2 at this time, so that the temperature of the cold trap 2 is reduced, then the air enters the vacuum pump 3 through the cold trap 2, and as the temperature of the cold trap 2 is lower than the temperature of the air, the water vapor contained in the air is liquefied into condensed water under the action of the cold trap 2, the condensed water is separated from the air, and the condensed water is converged in the shell of the cold trap 2 and is discharged through the P drain valve 24 arranged at the bottom of the shell of the cold trap 2.

In a further optimized scheme, the liquid return pipeline 25 comprises a one-way valve 23, a liquid outlet of the cold trap 2 is communicated with an inlet end of the one-way valve 23, a liquid outlet of a front-end plate type heat exchanger A pipeline 801 is communicated with an inlet end of the one-way valve 23, and an outlet end of the one-way valve 23 is communicated with the gas-liquid separator 9.

The liquid outlet of the cold trap 2 is communicated with the inlet end of the one-way valve 23, the liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A way 801 is communicated with the inlet end of the one-way valve 23, the one-way valve 23 enables the refrigerant liquid in the cold trap 2 and the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A way 801 to flow to the gas-liquid separator 9 only through the one-way valve 23, and the mutual flowing of the refrigerant liquid in the cold trap 2 and the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A way 801 is avoided, so that the influence is caused.

According to a further optimized scheme, the electrode part comprises a parallel electrode plate 12, the parallel electrode plate 12 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bearing support 17, the parallel electrode plate 12 is electrically connected with the electric field generator 13, and a plurality of probes are fixedly connected with the parallel electrode plate 12.

The parallel electrode plate 12 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bearing support 17, the parallel electrode plate 12 is electrically connected with the electric field generator 13, the parallel electrode plate 12 is fixedly connected with a plurality of probes, and the number of the probes in the embodiment can be set according to specific test requirements.

The working process of the embodiment is as follows:

a bearing support 17 is placed in the vacuum chamber 1, the bearing support 17 is of a hollow structure, the bearing support 17, a circulating oil pump 10, an electric heater 11 and a plate heat exchanger A path 401 are sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form a communicating loop, silicone oil is injected into the pipeline, the silicone oil is pumped by the circulating oil pump 10 to sequentially pass through the bearing support 17, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the electric heater 11 and then return to the circulating oil pump 10, the circulating oil pump 10 enables the silicone oil to circularly flow in the communicating loop, a liquid inlet of the plate heat exchanger B path 402 is communicated with a liquid outlet of a front-end plate heat exchanger B path 802 through a second liquid outlet valve 16, refrigerating liquid in the pipeline is controlled by the second liquid outlet valve 16 to flow into the plate heat exchanger B path 402, when the second liquid outlet valve 16 is closed, the silicone oil in the pipeline is heated by the electric heater 11, at the moment, the plate heat exchanger A path 401 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402 do not generate heat exchange, the heated silicone oil can enable the temperature of the bearing support 17 to rise, so as to further improve the temperature in the vacuum chamber 1, and dry food; when the second liquid outlet valve 16 is opened, the electric heater 11 is closed, and heat exchange is generated between the path A401 of the plate heat exchanger and the path B402 of the plate heat exchanger;

a liquid inlet of the plate heat exchanger B path 402 is communicated with a liquid outlet of the front end plate heat exchanger B path 802, the front end plate heat exchanger B path 802 and the front end plate heat exchanger A path 801 can only realize heat exchange, after the refrigerant liquid flows out of the refrigerating part, part of the refrigerant liquid returns to the refrigerating part through the front end plate heat exchanger B path 802, the cold trap 2 and the liquid return pipeline 25, and the other part of the refrigerant liquid returns to the refrigerating part through the front end plate heat exchanger B path 802, the second liquid outlet valve 16 and the plate heat exchanger B path 402;

after the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is reduced by the refrigerating part, part of the refrigerant liquid enters the path 402 of the plate heat exchanger B to exchange heat with the silicone oil in the path 401 of the plate heat exchanger A, so that the temperature of the silicone oil is reduced, the temperature of the bearing bracket 17 is reduced, and the freezing (refrigeration) in the vacuum chamber 1 is realized;

after the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is reduced by the refrigerating part, part of the refrigerant liquid enters a B path 802 of the front-end plate type heat exchanger and flows into the cold trap 2, so that the temperature of the cold trap 2 is reduced, and then the refrigerant liquid returns to the refrigerating part through a liquid return pipeline 25;

a first liquid outlet valve 15 is arranged between a liquid inlet of the cold trap 2 and a liquid outlet of a B path 802 of the front-end plate type heat exchanger, the flow of refrigerating liquid into the cold trap 2 can be controlled through the first liquid outlet valve 15, the opening and closing of the cooling of the cold trap 2 are further controlled, a temperature sensor can be further arranged between the cold trap 2 and the B path 802 pipeline of the front-end plate type heat exchanger, the temperature of the refrigerating liquid entering the cold trap 2 is detected through the temperature sensor, a shell of the cold trap 2 is communicated with the vacuum chamber 1, the shell of the cold trap 2 is also communicated with a vacuum pump 3, air in the vacuum chamber 1 is pumped out through the vacuum pump 3, a vacuum state is formed in the vacuum chamber 1, a second vacuum gauge 22 is arranged between the vacuum pump 3 and the shell communication pipeline of the cold trap 2, and the pressure of the air in the pipeline can be detected through the second vacuum gauge 22;

when the first liquid outlet valve 15 is opened, the refrigerant liquid with lower temperature enters the cold trap 2 at the moment, so that the temperature of the cold trap 2 is reduced, then the air enters the vacuum pump 3 through the cold trap 2, as the temperature of the cold trap 2 is lower than the temperature of the air, the water vapor contained in the air is liquefied into condensed water under the action of the cold trap 2, the condensed water is separated from the air, and the condensed water is converged in the shell of the cold trap 2 and is discharged through a P drain valve 24 arranged at the bottom of the shell of the cold trap 2;

a check valve 23 is arranged in the liquid return pipeline 25, a liquid outlet of the cold trap 2 is communicated with an inlet end of the check valve 23, a liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A route 801 is communicated with an inlet end of the check valve 23, the check valve 23 enables the refrigerant liquid in the cold trap 2 and the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A route 801 to flow to the gas-liquid separator 9 only through the check valve 23, and the influence caused by mutual flowing of the refrigerant liquid in the cold trap 2 and the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A route 801 is avoided;

the refrigerant liquid enters a gas-liquid separator 9, the gas-liquid separator 9 is sequentially communicated with a refrigeration compressor 5, an oil separator 6, a condenser 7 and a second expansion valve 18, the refrigeration compressor 5, the oil separator 6 and the condenser 7 lower the temperature of the refrigerant liquid, the condenser 7 is also communicated with a cooling tower (not shown in the figure) and a cooling water pump (not shown in the figure), the condensation effect of the condenser 7 is further improved, the refrigerant liquid flows to the second expansion valve 18 through the condenser 7, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is further reduced through the second expansion valve 18, the refrigerant liquid enters a front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802 through a part of the second expansion valve 18, the other part enters a front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 through a first expansion valve 14, the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is further reduced through the first expansion valve 14, and the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path 801 is lower than the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path 802;

the shell of the cold trap 2 is communicated with the vacuum chamber 1, the shell of the cold trap 2 is also communicated with the vacuum pump 3, air in the vacuum chamber 1 is pumped out through the vacuum pump 3, so that a vacuum state is formed in the vacuum chamber 1, a second vacuum gauge 22 is arranged between the vacuum pump 3 and a pipeline communicated with the shell of the cold trap 2, and the pressure of the air in the pipeline can be detected through the second vacuum gauge 22; the top of the vacuum chamber 1 is sequentially communicated with an F negative pressure valve 19, an S leakage valve 20 and a first vacuum gauge 21, the F negative pressure valve 19 and the S leakage valve 20 are used together with the vacuum pump 3 to enable the vacuum chamber 1 to reach a vacuum state, when a bin door of the vacuum chamber 1 needs to be opened, the operation of a vacuum assembly is stopped by releasing the F negative pressure valve 19 and the S leakage valve 20, the vacuum chamber 1 is enabled to be filled with air, the bin door can be opened when a non-vacuum state exists in the vacuum chamber 1, and the vacuum state in the vacuum chamber 1 can be detected in real time through the first vacuum gauge 21.

Research shows that the electric field can effectively shorten the food vacuum freezing time, for further verifying the influence of the electric field on the food vacuum freezing process, through the parallel electrode plate 12 fixedly connected in the bearing bracket 17, the parallel electrode plate 12 is electrically connected with the electric field generator 13, the parallel electrode plate 12 is fixedly connected with a plurality of probes, the number of the probes of the embodiment can be set according to specific test requirements, when the electric field system needs to be operated, the electric field generator 13 is opened, the electric field is opened, the food vacuum freezing state is observed under the state that the electric field exists, then the electric field generator 13 is closed, the electric field is closed, and the influence of the electric field on the food vacuum freezing process can be known through comparing the food vacuum freezing state with the food vacuum freezing state under the same condition, wherein the food vacuum freezing state is in the state that the electric field generator 13 is closed.

The invention can realize multiple functions of vacuum precooling, vacuum drying and external electric field vacuum freeze drying.

1. Pre-cooling in vacuum: when the vacuum pump is used, food is placed on the bearing support 17, the bin door of the vacuum chamber 1 is closed, the circulating oil pump 10 is closed, the first liquid outlet valve 15 is opened, the second liquid outlet valve 16 is closed, the vacuum pump 3 is operated, air is pumped out of the vacuum chamber 1 and enters the shell of the cold trap 2 to be contacted with the cold trap 2, cooling and water collection are carried out, condensed water is discharged from the cold trap 2 through the P drain valve 24, air is discharged from the vacuum pump 3, and refrigerating fluid enters the cold trap 2 through the refrigerating compressor 5, the oil separator 6, the condenser 7 and the front-end plate heat exchanger 8;

2. and (3) vacuum drying: when the vacuum pump is used, food is placed on the bearing support 17, the bin door of the vacuum chamber 1 is closed, the circulating oil pump 10 is opened, the first liquid outlet valve 15 is opened, the second liquid outlet valve 16 is closed, the vacuum pump 3 is operated, air is pumped out of the vacuum chamber 1 and enters the shell of the cold trap 2 to be contacted with the cold trap 2, cooling and water collection are carried out, condensed water is discharged from the cold trap 2 through the P drain valve 24, air is discharged from the vacuum pump 3, and refrigerating fluid enters the cold trap 2 through the refrigerating compressor 5, the oil separator 6, the condenser 7 and the front-end plate heat exchanger 8; turning on an electric heater 11 to heat the silicone oil in the pipeline, and pumping the silicone oil into a bearing support 17 through a circulating oil pump 10 to provide heat for the vacuum chamber 1;

3. vacuum freeze drying with an external electric field: when the device is used, food is placed on the bearing support 17, the bin door of the vacuum chamber 1 is closed, the circulating oil pump 10 is opened, the first liquid outlet valve 15 is opened, the second liquid outlet valve 16 is opened, refrigerating liquid enters the plate heat exchanger 4 through the refrigerating compressor 5, the oil separator 6, the condenser 7 and the front end plate heat exchanger 8, silicon oil is cooled through the plate heat exchanger 4 and is pumped into the bearing support 17 through the circulating oil pump 10, the temperature of the vacuum chamber 1 is reduced, the electric field generator 13 is manually opened at the moment, the electric field is started, the parallel electrode plate 12 releases the electric field through the probe, the electric field generator 13 is manually closed after a period of time, and the electric field is closed;

when the temperature T2 in the vacuum chamber 1 reaches a set value, the second liquid outlet valve 16 is closed, the vacuum pump 3 is opened, air is pumped out from the vacuum chamber 1, enters the shell of the cold trap 2 and is contacted with a refrigerating pipe in the cold trap 2, refrigerating fluid flows in the refrigerating pipe, the refrigerating fluid enters the cold trap 2 through the refrigerating compressor 5, the oil separator 6, the condenser 7 and the front-end plate heat exchanger 8, water is cooled and collected through the cold trap 2, condensed water is discharged from the shell of the cold trap 2 through the P drain valve 24, and the air is discharged from the vacuum pump 3; and (3) turning on the electric heater 11 to heat the silicon oil in the pipeline, and pumping the silicon oil into the bearing support 17 through the circulating oil pump 10 to provide heat for the vacuum chamber 1.

The detailed flow charts of the working conditions are shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, wherein "+" represents an on state and "-" represents an off state.

The cold trap 2 in the embodiment is preferably a CT4-50 type cold trap, the vacuum pump is preferably a 2BV type water ring vacuum pump or a 2X type double-rotary-vane vacuum pump, the plate heat exchanger is preferably an R10D type detachable plate heat exchanger, the refrigeration compressor is preferably a 4NCS type refrigeration compressor, the oil separator is preferably a 55855 type oil separator, the condenser is preferably a GLC1-1 type shell and tube cooler, the gas-liquid separator is preferably an AC2000-02 type gas-liquid separator, the circulating oil pump is preferably a RY type heat conducting oil pump, the electric heater is preferably an YTNGD-30 type electric heater, and the electric field generator is preferably SBJ-I type industrial frequency high-pressure test equipment.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also be able to make various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such modifications and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-process composite vacuum fresh-keeping equipment is characterized in that: including vacuum chamber (1), be provided with bearing support (17) in vacuum chamber (1), bearing support (17) are hollow structure, bearing support (17) intercommunication has freeze-drying portion, freeze-drying portion is located the vacuum chamber (1) outside, freeze-drying portion intercommunication has plate heat exchanger (4), plate heat exchanger (4) are including plate heat exchanger A way (401) and plate heat exchanger B way (402), freeze-drying portion with plate heat exchanger A way (401) intercommunication, freeze-drying portion bearing support (17) with plate heat exchanger A way (401) form the intercommunication return circuit, plate heat exchanger B way (402) intercommunication has refrigeration component, refrigeration component intercommunication has vacuum component, vacuum component with vacuum chamber (1) bottom intercommunication, the rigid coupling has the electrode portion in bearing support (17), electrode portion electricity connection has electric field generator (13), electric field generator (13) are located the vacuum chamber (1) outside, vacuum chamber (1) top intercommunication has F negative pressure valve (19), negative pressure F valve (19) intercommunication has S leakage valve (20), vacuum chamber (21) seepage meter.

2. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: freeze-drying portion includes circulating oil pump (10), circulating oil pump (10) one end with bearing support (17) intercommunication, circulating oil pump (10) other end intercommunication has electric heater (11), electric heater (11) with plate heat exchanger A way (401) liquid outlet intercommunication, plate heat exchanger A way (401) inlet with bearing support (17) intercommunication, bearing support (17) circulating oil pump (10) electric heater (11) with plate heat exchanger A way (401) forms the intercommunication return circuit.

3. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigeration assembly comprises a front-end plate type heat exchanger (8), the front-end plate type heat exchanger (8) comprises a front-end plate type heat exchanger A path (801) and a front-end plate type heat exchanger B path (802), a liquid inlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path (802) is communicated with a refrigeration part, a liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path (802) is communicated with a liquid inlet of a vacuum assembly, a liquid outlet of the vacuum assembly is communicated with a liquid return pipeline (25), the liquid return pipeline (25) is communicated with the refrigeration part, and the refrigeration part, the vacuum assembly, the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path (802) and the liquid return pipeline (25) form a communicated loop;

a liquid inlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path (801) is communicated with a refrigerating part through a first expansion valve (14), a liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path (801) is communicated with the liquid return pipeline (25), and the refrigerating part, the first expansion valve (14), the front-end plate type heat exchanger A path (801) and the liquid return pipeline (25) form a communicated loop;

the liquid outlet of the front-end plate type heat exchanger B path (802) is also communicated with the liquid inlet of the plate type heat exchanger B path (402) through a second liquid outlet valve (16), and the liquid outlet of the plate type heat exchanger B path (402) is communicated with the refrigerating part.

4. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the refrigeration portion includes vapour and liquid separator (9), vapour and liquid separator (9) one end with plate heat exchanger B way (402) liquid outlet intercommunication, return liquid pipeline (25) with vapour and liquid separator (9) intercommunication, vapour and liquid separator (9) intercommunication has compressor (5), oil separator (6), condenser (7) and second expansion valve (18) in proper order, second expansion valve (18) pass through first expansion valve (14) with front end plate heat exchanger A way (801) inlet intercommunication, second expansion valve (18) with front end plate heat exchanger B way (802) inlet intercommunication.

5. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the vacuum assembly comprises a cold trap (2), wherein a liquid inlet of the cold trap (2) is communicated with a liquid outlet of a B path (802) of the front-end plate type heat exchanger through a first liquid outlet valve (15), a liquid outlet of the cold trap (2) is communicated with a liquid return pipeline (25), a shell of the cold trap (2) is communicated with a vacuum chamber (1), a shell of the cold trap (2) is communicated with a vacuum pump (3), a shell of the cold trap (2) is communicated with a second vacuum gauge (22) between the vacuum pumps (3), and a P drain valve (24) is arranged at the bottom of the cold trap (2).

6. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the liquid return pipeline (25) comprises a one-way valve (23), a liquid outlet of the cold trap (2) is communicated with an inlet end of the one-way valve (23), a liquid outlet of a front-end plate type heat exchanger A pipeline (801) is communicated with an inlet end of the one-way valve (23), and an outlet end of the one-way valve (23) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (9).

7. The multi-process composite vacuum preservation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode part comprises a parallel electrode plate (12), the parallel electrode plate (12) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bearing support (17), the parallel electrode plate (12) is electrically connected with the electric field generator (13), and the parallel electrode plate (12) is fixedly connected with a plurality of probes.