CN218602530U - Charged crushing and electrolyte recycling coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries - Google Patents
Charged crushing and electrolyte recycling coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN218602530U CN218602530U CN202222505295.0U CN202222505295U CN218602530U CN 218602530 U CN218602530 U CN 218602530U CN 202222505295 U CN202222505295 U CN 202222505295U CN 218602530 U CN218602530 U CN 218602530U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model provides a waste lithium ion battery charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device, which comprises a waste battery crushing mechanism, an electrolyte recovery mechanism and a tail gas treatment device; the waste battery crushing mechanism comprises a hollow cubic shell, a feed port is arranged in the center of the top of the shell, and a discharge port is arranged in the center of the bottom of the shell; a shredding crusher is arranged in the cavity of the shell; the inner wall of the shell is provided with a protection device; the electrolyte recovery mechanism comprises an electrolyte condensing box, a water-cooled condenser is arranged in the electrolyte condensing box, an electrolyte collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyte condensing box, the top of the electrolyte condensing box is connected with a tail gas pipe, and the tail gas pipe is communicated with a tail gas treatment device; an air outlet pipe is embedded in the upper part of the side wall of one side of the shell, the head end of the air outlet pipe extends into the shell, and the tail end of the air outlet pipe is connected to a condensing pipe of the water-cooled condenser; the charged disassembly of the battery is realized, the electrolyte is efficiently recycled, and the battery is safe, environment-friendly and efficient in operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery retrieves, a lithium ion battery recovery unit is related to, concretely relates to electrified broken and electrolyte recovery coupling device of old and useless lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery as a secondary battery has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high working voltage, high specific energy, no memory effect, small self-discharge, wide working temperature range, long service life and the like, is widely applied to production and life as a portable movable power supply, and simultaneously, the comprehensive popularization of new energy automobiles leads the number of the lithium ion batteries in the market to be continuously increased. However, the service life of lithium ions is 3-5 years, and the problems of environment, resources and the like caused by scrapping of a large number of batteries are faced. Under the encouragement and support of the country, a plurality of researches and works related to the recycling of waste lithium batteries, particularly positive and negative electrode materials with higher market value, are carried out, and relatively few researches on the disassembly of the waste batteries and the recycling of electrolyte are carried out.
The waste batteries are recycled, and the batteries are disassembled and sorted in a pretreatment link, so that the recycling workload is increased by discharging and then manually or mechanically disassembling. The electrolyte used in the lithium ion battery generally contains an organic solvent, a lithium salt and an electrolyte additive, and the waste electrolyte needs to be purified. A large amount of waste heat is emitted in the process of disassembling the waste batteries to cause energy waste, and the toxic electrolyte is easy to volatilize or leak to cause environmental pollution and human health hazard. Therefore, the device is designed to be capable of selecting the undischarged battery for disassembly, and effectively recycling the electrolyte by using the waste heat, so that the disassembly efficiency is improved, and the waste of resources such as the electrolyte and the waste heat is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Not enough to prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide an electrified broken and electrolyte recovery coupling device of old and useless lithium ion battery realizes that old and useless lithium ion battery is safe disassembleed, with the high-efficient recovery of electrolyte, and safety ring protects, the function is high-efficient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
a charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries comprises a waste battery crushing mechanism, an electrolyte recovery mechanism and a tail gas treatment device;
the waste battery crushing mechanism comprises a hollow cubic shell, a feed port is arranged in the center of the top of the shell, and a discharge port is arranged in the center of the bottom of the shell;
a shredding crusher is arranged in the cavity of the shell;
a protection device is also arranged in the shell;
the electrolyte recovery mechanism comprises an electrolyte condensing box, a water-cooled condenser is arranged in the electrolyte condensing box, an electrolyte collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyte condensing box, a tail gas pipe is connected to the top of the electrolyte condensing box, and the tail gas pipe is communicated with a tail gas treatment device;
and the upper part of the side wall of one side of the shell is embedded with an air outlet pipe, the head end of the air outlet pipe extends into the shell, and the tail end of the air outlet pipe is connected to a condensing pipe of the water-cooled condenser.
The utility model discloses still have following technical characteristic:
preferably, funnel-shaped material collecting plates are arranged on the outer sides of the feeding hole and the discharging hole; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both hinged with sealing plates.
Preferably, the protection device comprises a protection gas distribution pipe, a spray header and a temperature monitor;
and the automatic controller is electrically connected with the gas-protecting gas distribution pipe, the spray header, the temperature monitor and the sealing plate.
Preferably, the protective gas distribution pipe is distributed with a plurality of circles along the inner wall of the shell in a surrounding way, the pipe wall is provided with vent holes, the tail end of the protective gas distribution pipe is sealed, and the head end of the protective gas distribution pipe is embedded on the shell through a mounting hole arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the shell.
Preferably, a plurality of spray headers are arranged on the inner side of the top of the shell.
Preferably, a plurality of temperature monitors are arranged around the shredder crusher.
Preferably, a filter is arranged on the air outlet pipeline;
the filter is formed by assembling two conical cylinders with oppositely arranged bottom surfaces, and a filter membrane is arranged on the assembling surface of each conical cylinder.
Preferably, the condensation pipe of the water-cooled condenser is a curved pipe; a condensation water tank is arranged outside the condensation pipe; and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which extend out of the electrolyte condenser box are arranged on one side of the condensate water tank.
Preferably, the bottom of the electrolyte condensing box is provided with a liquid outlet, and the side wall of the electrolyte condensing box is provided with a switch valve for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid outlet.
Preferably, the tail gas treatment device comprises a closed box body, absorption liquid is contained in the box body, and the tail gas pipe extends into the box body below the liquid level of the absorption liquid;
the box body is also provided with a circulating air pipe, one end of the circulating air pipe extends into the box body and is positioned at the upper part of the liquid level of the absorption liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following technological effect has:
the utility model discloses a waste lithium ion battery retrieves composite set can disassemble the battery that does not discharge with electricity, has improved recovery efficiency; the heat generated in the disassembling process flows along with the protective gas to volatilize the electrolyte in the box body, and the protective gas carries the gasified lithium salt and the organic solvent to enter the electrolyte recovery device, so that the utilization rate of waste heat and the recovery rate of the electrolyte are improved while the fire explosion is avoided; the tail gas treatment device absorbs the residual electrolyte components in the protective gas, so that the pollution of the electrolyte to the surrounding environment is avoided, and the protective gas can be recycled; the safe disassembly of the waste lithium ion battery and the efficient recovery of the electrolyte are realized, and the method is safe, environment-friendly and efficient in operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
the meaning of individual reference numerals in the figures is: 1-a waste battery crushing mechanism, 2-an electrolyte recycling mechanism, 3-a tail gas treatment device, 4-an air outlet pipe, 5-a filter, 6-a filter membrane, 7-a water inlet pipe, 8-a water outlet pipe, 9-a switch valve and 10-a circulating air pipe;
101-shell, 102-feed inlet, 103-discharge outlet, 104-shredding crusher, 105-protective gas distribution pipe, 106-funnel-shaped material collecting plate, 107-sealing plate, 108-mounting hole, 109-spray header, 110-waste collecting bin;
201-an electrolyte condensation tank, 202-a water-cooled condenser, 203-an electrolyte collection tank, and 204-a tail gas pipe;
20201-condenser tube, 20202-condensed water tank;
301-tank, 302-absorption liquid.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to explain the present invention in further detail.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries, which includes a waste battery crushing mechanism 1, an electrolyte recovery mechanism 2, and a tail gas treatment device 3; the tail gas treatment device 3 is used for absorbing a small amount of residual electrolyte components in the protective gas;
the waste battery crushing mechanism 1 comprises a hollow cubic shell 101, a feed inlet 102 is arranged in the center of the top of the shell 101, a discharge outlet 103 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the shell 101, and a waste collection bin 110 is arranged at the lower part of the discharge outlet 103;
a shredder crusher 104 is installed in the cavity of the housing 101;
a protection device is also arranged in the shell 101;
the electrolyte recovery mechanism 2 comprises an electrolyte condensing box 201, a water-cooled condenser 202 is arranged in the electrolyte condensing box 201, an electrolyte collecting tank 203 is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyte condensing box, a tail gas pipe 204 is connected to the top of the electrolyte condensing box, and the tail gas pipe 204 is introduced into the tail gas treatment device 3; the electrolyte recovery mechanism 2 is used for recovering the organic solvent and the lithium salt which enter the electrolyte condensation box 201 along with the protective gas;
an air outlet pipe 4 is embedded in the upper part of the side wall of one side of the shell 101, the head end of the air outlet pipe 4 extends into the shell 101, and the tail end of the air outlet pipe 4 is connected to a condensing pipe 20201 of the water-cooled condenser 202. The gas outlet pipe 4 is used for introducing the protective gas, the organic solvent and the lithium salt into the electrolyte recovery mechanism 2.
Funnel-shaped material collecting plates 106 are arranged at the outer sides of the feeding port 102 and the discharging port 103, so that feeding of waste batteries is facilitated; the feed inlet 102 and the discharge outlet 103 are both hinged with closing plates 107. A sealing plate 107 is hinged at one side of the inlet 102 and the outlet 103 for controlling the feeding of the waste battery and the discharging of the crushed powder, and maintaining the sealing state of the housing 101 during the shredding process.
The protection device comprises a protection gas distribution pipe 105, a spray header 109 and a temperature monitor;
and the automatic controller is electrically connected with the gas protection and distribution pipe 105, the spray header 109, the temperature monitor and the closing plate 107.
The protective gas distribution pipe 105 is arranged in a plurality of circles around the inner wall of the shell 101, a vent hole is formed in the pipe wall, the tail end of the protective gas distribution pipe is sealed, and the head end of the protective gas distribution pipe is embedded in the shell 101 through a mounting hole 108 formed in the lower portion of the side wall of the shell 101.
A plurality of shower heads 109 are mounted inside the top of the housing 101.
A plurality of temperature monitors are disposed about the shredder crusher 104. The temperature monitor passes through automatic control and is connected with shrouding 107, the shower head 109 electricity of feed inlet for the protection gas distributing pipe 105 is followed and is torn near the real-time supervision of breaker 104 near temperature, and steerable waste battery's feed quantity avoids the battery to produce a large amount of heats and causes the explosion on fire in crushing process, and effective control temperature enables the evaporation rate of recovery of electrolyte to reach the maximize simultaneously, and shower head 109 can be according to temperature monitor's feedback and carry out the watering cooling to shredder 104.
A filter 5 is arranged on the pipeline of the air outlet pipe 4;
the filter 5 is formed by assembling two conical cylinders with the bottom surfaces oppositely arranged, and a filter membrane 6 is arranged on the assembling surface of the conical cylinders. The filter 5 is detachable and used for removing tiny particles generated in the crushing process, and when the particles are accumulated to a certain amount and can be detached and poured, a filter membrane 6 in the filter 5 adopts a screen with 300-600 meshes.
The condenser tube 20201 of the water-cooled condenser 202 is set as a curved tube, which is more favorable for the full exchange of heat; a condensation water tank 20202 is arranged outside the condensation pipe 20201; one side of the condensed water tank 20202 is provided with a water inlet pipe 7 and a water outlet pipe 8 which extend out of the electrolyte condensed tank 201, the water inlet pipe 7 is positioned at the lower part of the water outlet pipe 8 to slow down water flow, so that heat exchange is more sufficient.
The tail gas treatment device 3 comprises a closed box body 301, absorption liquid 302 is contained in the box body 301, and a tail gas pipe 204 extends into the box body 301 and is below the liquid level of the absorption liquid 302;
the box body 301 is also provided with a circulating gas pipe 10 with one end extending into the box body 301 and positioned above the liquid level of the absorption liquid 302, and gas in the circulating gas pipe 10 can be introduced into the crushing device for recycling.
The utility model discloses an electrified breakage of old and useless lithium ion battery and electrolyte recovery coupling device are at the during operation, and the principle is as follows:
waste lithium ion batteries enter the inner cavity of the shell 101 through the feeding hole 102 from the funnel-shaped material collecting plate 106 at the top of the waste battery crushing mechanism 1, the sealing plate 107 of the feeding hole controls the flow direction of the waste batteries so as to be convenient to transmit to the position near the shredding crusher 104, the waste batteries are shredded by the shredding crusher 104, a large amount of heat is released during shredding, and heavy objects falling to the bottom of the shell 101 can be collected in the waste material collecting bin 110 through the discharging hole 103; the protective gas distributing pipe 105 is distributed on the side wall of the periphery of the shell 101, protective gas is introduced into the shell 101 from the protective gas distributing pipe 105 to prevent explosion in the battery crushing process, meanwhile, the whole crushing box body is fully distributed with protective gas along with heat generated by the battery in the crushing process to promote the volatilization of electrolyte, the automatic controller controls the temperature to be 60-300 ℃ according to the feedback of a plurality of temperature detectors, the feeding amount in the shell 101 is controlled by controlling the sealing plate 107, the spray head 109 installed on the shell 101 can spray water to cool the shredder 104 according to the feedback of the temperature monitor, and then the volatilized organic solvent and lithium saltThe protected gas enters the electrolyte recovery device through the gas outlet pipe 4; the mixed gas also comprises tiny particles generated in the crushing process besides the main components of the electrolyte, a detachable filter 5 is arranged in a pipeline of an air outlet pipe 4 before the gas enters the electrolyte recovery mechanism 2 for removing the particles, and when the particles are accumulated to a certain amount and can be detached to pour, a filter membrane 6 in the filter 5 adopts a 100-600-mesh screen; the filtered mixed gas enters a condenser pipe 20201 of a water-cooled condenser 202 of an electrolyte recovery mechanism 2, the condenser pipe 20201 adopts a serpentine pipeline, water flow enters a condensation water tank 20202 from a water inlet pipe 7 and is discharged from a water outlet pipe 8 after filling the whole condensation water tank 20202, the condensed water flow flows around the condenser pipe 20201 from bottom to top to fully cool and convert the electrolyte into a liquid state, a liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyte condenser 201, a switch valve 9 for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid outlet is arranged on the side wall, when the electrolyte gathered at the bottom of the electrolyte condenser 201 is collected to a certain amount, the switch valve 9 is opened, the electrolyte flows into an electrolyte collecting tank 203 for collection, the protective gas which is subjected to condensation treatment and carries a small amount of residual electrolyte components enters a tail gas treatment device 3 through a tail gas pipe 204, and the gas is introduced into an absorption liquid 302, namely Ca (OH) through an exhaust pipe 2 In aqueous solution, fluoride absorbed from lithium salt is converted into CaF 2 And the protective gas after full purification is discharged from the circulating gas pipe 10 and can be introduced into the waste battery crushing mechanism 1 for recycling.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper part", "lower part", "facing", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; any modification or equivalent replacement made by the technical solution of the present invention by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries is characterized by comprising a waste battery crushing mechanism (1), an electrolyte recovery mechanism (2) and a tail gas treatment device (3);
the waste battery crushing mechanism (1) comprises a hollow cubic shell (101), wherein a feed port (102) is formed in the center of the top of the shell (101), and a discharge port (103) is formed in the center of the bottom of the shell;
a shredder crusher (104) is arranged in the cavity of the shell (101);
a protection device is also arranged in the shell (101);
the electrolyte recovery mechanism (2) comprises an electrolyte condensing box (201), a water-cooled condenser (202) is arranged in the electrolyte condensing box (201), an electrolyte collecting tank (203) is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyte condensing box, a tail gas pipe (204) is connected to the top of the electrolyte condensing box, and the tail gas pipe (204) is introduced into a tail gas treatment device (3);
an air outlet pipe (4) is embedded in the upper part of the side wall of one side of the shell (101), the head end of the air outlet pipe (4) extends into the shell (101), and the tail end of the air outlet pipe is connected to a condensing pipe (20201) of the water-cooled condenser (202).
2. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein funnel-shaped material collecting plates (106) are arranged outside the material inlet (102) and the material outlet (103); the feed inlet (102) and the discharge outlet (103) are both hinged with closing plates (107).
3. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 2, wherein the protection device comprises a protection gas distribution pipe (105), a spray header (109) and a temperature monitor;
also comprises an automatic controller which is electrically connected with the gas-protecting gas distribution pipe (105), the spray header (109), the temperature monitor and the closing plate (107).
4. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 3, wherein the protective gas distribution pipe (105) is arranged in a plurality of circles around the inner wall of the shell (101), the pipe wall is provided with vent holes, the tail end of the protective gas distribution pipe is sealed, and the head end of the protective gas distribution pipe is embedded in the shell (101) through a mounting hole (108) arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the shell (101).
5. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of spray headers (109) are installed on the inner side of the top of the shell (101).
6. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of temperature monitors are arranged around the shredder (104).
7. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein a filter (5) is arranged on a pipeline of the gas outlet pipe (4);
the filter (5) is formed by assembling two conical cylinders with the bottom surfaces oppositely arranged, and a filter membrane (6) is arranged on the assembling surface of the conical cylinders.
8. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein a condensation pipe (20201) of the water-cooled condenser (202) is set as a curved pipe; a condensed water tank (20202) is arranged outside the condensing pipe (20201); one side of the condensed water tank (20202) is provided with a water inlet pipe (7) and a water outlet pipe (8) which extend out of the electrolyte condenser tank (201).
9. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the electrolyte condenser (201) is provided with a liquid outlet, and the side wall of the electrolyte condenser is provided with a switch valve (9) for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid outlet.
10. The charged crushing and electrolyte recovery coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas treatment device (3) comprises a closed box body (301), the box body (301) contains absorption liquid (302), and the tail gas pipe (204) extends to a position below the liquid level of the absorption liquid (302) in the box body (301);
and a circulating air pipe (10) with one end extending into the box body (301) and positioned above the liquid level of the absorption liquid (302) is also arranged on the box body (301).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222505295.0U CN218602530U (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Charged crushing and electrolyte recycling coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222505295.0U CN218602530U (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Charged crushing and electrolyte recycling coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218602530U true CN218602530U (en) | 2023-03-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222505295.0U Active CN218602530U (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Charged crushing and electrolyte recycling coupling device for waste lithium ion batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218602530U (en) |
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- 2022-09-21 CN CN202222505295.0U patent/CN218602530U/en active Active
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