CN218596357U - System for utilize sunlight to breed little algae - Google Patents
System for utilize sunlight to breed little algae Download PDFInfo
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- CN218596357U CN218596357U CN202222130764.5U CN202222130764U CN218596357U CN 218596357 U CN218596357 U CN 218596357U CN 202222130764 U CN202222130764 U CN 202222130764U CN 218596357 U CN218596357 U CN 218596357U
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a system for cultivating microalgae using sunlight, the system comprising: the device comprises a microalgae culture pond filled with microalgae solution and n light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel, wherein n is any integer larger than 0, and at least part of the light guide grooves are immersed in the microalgae solution; the cross section of the light guide groove in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the light guide groove is in a v shape, and the shell of the light guide groove is made of a light-transmitting material. According to the system, the light guide groove is arranged in the microalgae culture pond, sunlight is guided into the microalgae solution in the deep dark area, solar energy is fully utilized, the specific light receiving area of the microalgae solution is selected, and then the higher growth rate of microalgae is obtained, so that the system is suitable for large-scale culture.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of photo-thermal utilization and biotechnology, in particular to a system for culturing microalgae by utilizing sunlight.
Background
The large consumption of fossil fuels in today's world is constantly exacerbating the energy crisis and global warming trends. The third generation biofuel using microalgae as biomass source is considered as a biofuel with potential to replace fossil fuel, and in addition, microalgae is a single-cell organism with chlorophyll, and has the advantages of autotrophy, multiple species, wide distribution and fast growth, and because microalgae can utilize CO in the propagation process 2 And waste in industrial wastewater and domestic sewage can be utilized, so that land competition with agriculture is avoided, and coupling of organic waste treatment and biomass production is facilitated. The harvested microalgae contains a plurality of biomasses such as abundant protein, grease, pigment and the like, is a good raw material for producing energy biomass, food, feed or pharmaceutical industry, is likely to become a good substitute of fossil fuel and crop biomass, and is an effective way for realizing sustainable development of energy. At present, the industrial culture pond for microalgae mainly comprises an open raceway pond and a closed photobioreactor.
The closed type photobioreactor refers to a light-permeable bioreactor composed of transparent materials, wherein the transparent materials isolate microalgae cell suspension from the external environment, the culture conditions are controllable, pure culture of algae seeds can be realized, and light energy and CO can be used for 2 High utilization rate, small evaporation loss, high microalgae biomass yield and the like, and is suitable for culturing all kinds of microalgae. Such photobioreactors mainly include flat-plate and column types. However, the flat plate type photobioreactor has a small internal space and is large in scaleDuring the mold culture, the work of cleaning the wall hanging is inconvenient, and high cost is brought; the main problem with the column reactor is that the culture medium in the middle region of the column is not sufficiently illuminated. In addition, the photobioreactor is very expensive to manufacture, limiting its large-scale application.
The main body structure of the open raceway pond is a closed water tank similar to a raceway, microalgae cell suspension circularly flows in the raceway under the driving action of a paddle wheel, and the outdoor raceway pond utilizes sunlight as a light source for microalgae growth, CO and CO 2 By manual supply or by means of CO in the air 2 And naturally exchanging with microalgae culture solution. The microalgae photobioreactor has the advantages of simple structure, low construction and operation cost, simplicity and convenience in operation, low maintenance cost and the like, and large-scale commercial application is realized at present. At present, the lighting modes of open pond culture include outdoor direct lighting and artificial light source lighting. Since the construction cost and the energy consumption cost of the artificial light source are the biggest bottlenecks in the growth of microalgae, it is particularly important to reduce the cost of the light source and improve the light utilization efficiency. Among the existing light sources, sunlight is one of the most abundant natural resources of the earth, and the sunlight is used, so that the problem of power consumption of an artificial light source is solved, the sunlight has wide optical wavelength, and the light source is very suitable for culturing microalgae.
Light passing through the culture medium is attenuated. When sunlight passes through the algae culture solution, the sunlight is seriously attenuated, and the distance which can be passed through by light is limited, so that 1) dark areas are formed due to the fact that deep algae solution cannot be illuminated; 2) The sunlight intensity staying on the surface of the algae liquid exceeds the saturated illumination intensity required by the microalgae, so the solar energy utilization rate is low, and the culture density and the unit area yield of the algae are influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a system for cultivating microalgae using sunlight, which can achieve a higher growth rate of microalgae and is suitable for large-scale cultivation.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides a system for cultivating microalgae using sunlight, the system comprising: the device comprises a microalgae culture pond filled with microalgae solution and n light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel, wherein n is an arbitrary integer larger than 0, and at least part of the light guide grooves are immersed in the microalgae solution;
the cross section of the light guide groove in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the light guide groove is in a V shape, and the shell of the light guide groove is a transparent material shell;
the light receiving area S of the microalgae solution and the volume V of the microalgae solution conform to the relationship shown in the following formula 1:
s = aV formula 1;
the unit of V is m 3 The unit of S is m 2 A is 0<a<11m -1 ；
The light receiving area is the sum of the direct light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid and the indirect light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid passing through the shell of the light guide groove.
Optionally, all the light guide grooves have the same shape, and each light guide groove has two rectangular side walls with the same shape;
the relation between the number n of the light guide grooves, the length L of the light guide grooves, the opening width r of the cross section in the plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the vertex angle theta of the cross section is shown as the following formula 2:
S 1 represents the area of the horizontal section of the microalgae culture pond, and the unit is m 2 (ii) a The unit of L is m, and the unit of r is m.
Optionally, the opening width r is 10-30cm, and the vertex angle θ is 10-120 °.
Optionally, the light guide grooves are arranged in parallel in a horizontal cross section of the microalgae culture pond, and a distance L between two adjacent light guide grooves is arranged in a plane where an upper liquid level of microalgae liquid is located 1 Equal, L 1 Is 0-20cm.
Optionally, in a plane where an upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid is located, two ends of the light guide groove and sides of the microalgae culture pond in a direction perpendicular to a length direction of the light guide groove are locatedMinimum distance L between walls 2 Is 0-30cm;
the minimum distance L between the side wall of the light guide groove and the side wall of the microalgae culture pond in the length direction of the light guide groove 3 Is 0-30cm;
the distance L between the top of the section and the bottom surface of the microalgae culture pond 4 Is 5-20cm.
Optionally, the distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae culture pond is 5-30cm.
Optionally, the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level is 5-30cm.
Optionally, the microalgae culture pond is a cuboid.
Optionally, the light-transmitting material shell is a hard shell or a soft shell.
Optionally, the light guide groove is filled with a liquid light guide medium.
Optionally, the system comprises an aeration device arranged at the bottom of the microalgae culture device and a heating device arranged outside the microalgae culture pond; the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe with aeration holes.
Through the technical scheme, the system for cultivating the microalgae by utilizing the sunlight is provided with the light guide groove with light transmission property in the microalgae solution, the sunlight is guided into the microalgae solution in the deep dark area, the solar energy is fully utilized, the specific light receiving area of the microalgae solution is selected, the higher growth rate of the microalgae is obtained, and the system is suitable for large-scale cultivation.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a farming system of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a farming system of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a farming system according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a top view of a farming system of embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The present disclosure provides a system for cultivating microalgae using sunlight, the system comprising: the device comprises a microalgae culture pond filled with microalgae solution and n light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel, wherein n is an arbitrary integer larger than 0, and at least part of the light guide grooves are immersed in the microalgae solution;
the cross section of the light guide groove in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the light guide groove is in a V shape, and the shell of the light guide groove is a transparent material shell;
the light receiving area S of the microalgae solution and the volume V of the microalgae solution are in accordance with the relationship shown in the following formula 1:
s = aV formula 1;
unit of V is m 3 The unit of S is m 2 A is 0<a<11m -1 ；
The light receiving area is the sum of the direct light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid and the indirect light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid passing through the shell of the light guide groove.
According to the disclosure, the "direct light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid" refers to an area where the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid directly receives sunlight irradiation, that is, a cross-sectional area of the light guide groove on a plane where the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid is located is subtracted from an area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid; the sum of the indirect light receiving areas through the shell of the light guide groove refers to the area of the microalgae liquid which is indirectly illuminated through the light guide groove.
According to the disclosure, that at least part of the light guide groove is immersed in the microalgae solution means that part or all of the light guide groove is immersed in the microalgae solution; preferably, the light guide groove is partially immersed in the microalgae solution, and the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper solution surface of the microalgae solution is 5-30cm, preferably 15-20cm.
According to the present disclosure, the light guide groove may be open or closed.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, all the light guide grooves have the same shape, and each light guide groove has two rectangular sidewalls having the same shape.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the relationship between the number n of light guide grooves, the length L of the light guide grooves, the opening width r of the cross section in the plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid, and the vertex angle θ of the cross section is as shown in formula 2:
S 1 represents the area of the horizontal section of the microalgae culture pond, and the unit is m 2 L is in the unit of m and r is in the unit of m; here, the "length of the light guide groove" refers to a length of a side of the light guide groove in a length direction thereof.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the opening width r is 10-30cm and the apex angle θ is 10-120 °. The apex angle theta of cross-section is in suitable scope, can guarantee great photic area on the one hand, and on the other hand can improve the volume of algae liquid in the device, further improves and breeds efficiency.
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the light guide grooves are arranged in parallel in the horizontal cross section of the microalgae culture pond, and the distance L between two adjacent light guide grooves is in the plane of the upper liquid level of microalgae liquid 1 Equal, L 1 Is 0-20cm. The distance between two adjacent light guide grooves refers to the distance between adjacent side walls of any two adjacent light guide grooves in a plane where the upper liquid level of microalgae liquid is located.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a minimum distance L between both ends of the light guide groove and a side wall of the microalgae culture pond in a direction perpendicular to a length direction of the light guide groove 2 Is 0-30cm, preferably 5-20cm. WhereinThe minimum distance between two ends of the light guide groove and the side wall of the microalgae culture pond in the length direction vertical to the light guide groove refers to the distance between any one end of the light guide groove and the side wall of the closest microalgae culture pond in the length direction vertical to the light guide groove in the plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid.
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, in a plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid, a minimum distance L between a side wall of the light guide groove and a side wall of the microalgae culture pond in the length direction of the light guide groove 3 Is 0-30cm, preferably 5-20cm; the term "the minimum distance between the side wall of the light guide groove and the side wall of the microalgae culture pond" refers to the distance between any side wall of the light guide groove and the side wall of the closest microalgae culture pond in the plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a distance L between a vertex of the cross section and a bottom surface of the microalgae culture pond 4 Is 5-20cm, preferably 10-15cm.
In order to avoid splashing of the microalgae suspension out of the cultivation pond during the cultivation process, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the upper surface of the microalgae suspension and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae cultivation pond is 5-30cm, preferably 15-20cm. The distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae culture pond refers to the distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae culture pond after the light guide groove is immersed in the microalgae liquid; preferably, the distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae suspension and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae culture pond is equal to the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level of the microalgae suspension.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the microalgae culture pond may be a rectangular parallelepiped.
In order to obtain higher light-guiding efficiency, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-transmissive material housing may be a hard housing or a soft housing, and may be one of glass, polyolefin film, polyester film and nylon film, for example, wherein the glass is preferably organic glass.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the light guide groove contains a liquid light guide medium, which may be water, for example.
According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the system comprises an aeration device arranged at the bottom of the microalgae culture device and a heating device arranged outside the microalgae culture pond, wherein when the temperature of the external environment is lower than 20 ℃, the heating device is started, and the temperature of microalgae solution is controlled to be 26-30 ℃; wherein the aeration means and the heating means are conventional in the art, the aeration means may comprise an aeration pipe having aeration holes, preferably arranged downwards, the diameter of the aeration holes being 2.5mm.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the microalgae solution comprises a culture medium and microalgae, wherein the microalgae is photoautotrophic microalgae, preferably comprising one or more of spirulina, chlorella, scenedesmus and monoraphidium; the culture medium is suitable for microalgae cultivation, and no specific requirement is made. The initial concentration of microalgae solution is 0.1-0.2g/L.
The following examples illustrate the invention in detail, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The microalgae used in the examples and comparative examples were derived from the Spirulina platensis of FACHB-314 from the freshwater algae Bank of the Chinese academy of sciences, and the Spirulina species were inoculated into an open pond containing Zarrouk medium at a pH of 8.7 and an initial concentration of 0.16g/L after inoculation.
When the external environment temperature is less than 20 ℃, the heating device is started, and the temperature of the microalgae solution is controlled to be 26-30 ℃.
Aeration holes with the diameter of 2.5mm are arranged on the aeration pipes arranged at the bottom of the open tank, and air is introduced into the open tank through the aeration pipes.
Optical Density (OD) of spirulina liquid 560 Value) determination: the optical density value is measured by a spectrophotometer, and the light absorption value of the algae liquid at the wavelength of 560nm is measured by using distilled water as a contrast to be used as the spirulina biomass concentration index. (for Spirulina, from OD 560 Value of (1 OD) 560 ＝0.53g/L)。
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the microalgae culture pond is 0.125m 3 Rectangular water tank (0.65 m long x wide)0.44m is multiplied by 0.44m is high), the growth environment and nutrition are provided for the spirulina, the volume V of the algae liquid in the water tank is 0.08m 3 。
2 light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel and are provided with water in parallel in the horizontal section of the microalgae culture pond are distributed in the water tank, the sections of the light guide grooves vertical to the length direction of the light guide grooves are V-shaped, the shapes of all the light guide grooves are the same, and each light guide groove is provided with two rectangular side walls with the same shape; the top view of the light guide grooves distributed in the microalgae culture pond is shown in fig. 2, the light-transmitting material of the shell of the light guide grooves is organic glass, and the light transmittance is 89%. When the concentration of the microalgae solution is below 0.25g/L, the air ventilation amount is 0.02vvm; when the concentration of the microalgae solution is more than 0.25g/L, the air ventilation amount is 0.05vvm.
a＝7.243m -1 ，V＝0.08m 3 ，r＝0.25m，L＝0.35m，L 1 ＝5cm，L 2 ＝4.5cm，L 3 ＝5cm，S 1 ＝0.286m 2 ；
Calculated according to equation 1, S =0.58m 2 ；
The calculation is performed according to the equation 2,
l can be calculated according to the total volume of the microalgae solution and the light guide groove 4 Considering the thickness of the fixing device, the light guide groove and the microalgae culture pond, the actual L 4 =9cm, the distance between the upper liquid level of microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the rectangular water tank is 5cm, and the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level is 5cm;
the sum of the volume of the microalgae solution in the water tank and the volume of the microalgae solution dipped into the light guide groove is 0.106m 3 ＜0.125m 3 The design of the culture pond meets the requirements. The growth rate of the microalgae is 10.12g/m 2 Day, OD of microalgae algal fluid 560 The value is more than 1, and the algae species are recovered.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 3, the microalgae culture pond is 1.1m 3 The rectangular water tank (length 1m, width 1m, height 1.1 m) provides growth environment and nutrition for spirulina,the volume V of the algae liquid in the water tank is 0.7m 3 。
3 light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel and are provided with water in parallel are arranged in the water tank, the distance between two adjacent light guide grooves is equal, the cross section of each light guide groove in the direction vertical to the length direction of the light guide groove is V-shaped, the shapes of all the light guide grooves are the same, and each light guide groove is provided with two rectangular side walls with the same shape; the top view of the light guide grooves distributed in the microalgae culture pond is shown in fig. 4, the light-transmitting material of the shell of the light guide grooves is organic glass, and the light transmittance is 89%. When the concentration of the microalgae solution is below 0.25g/L, the air ventilation amount is 0.02vvm; when the concentration of the microalgae solution is more than 0.25g/L, the air ventilation amount is 0.05vvm.
a＝7.243m -1 ，V＝0.7m 3 ，r＝0.25m，L＝0.8m，L 1 ＝6cm，L 2 ＝10cm，L 3 ＝6cm，S 1 ＝1m 2 ；
Calculated according to equation 1, S =5m 2 ；
The calculation is performed according to the equation 2,
l can be calculated according to the total volume of the microalgae solution and the light guide groove 4 Considering the thickness of the fixing device, the light guide groove and the microalgae culture pond, the actual L 4 The distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the rectangular water tank is 10cm, and the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level is 10cm;
the sum of the volume of the microalgae solution in the water tank and the volume of the light guide groove immersed in the microalgae solution is 0.985m 3 ＜1m 3 The design of the culture pond meets the requirements. The growth rate of the microalgae is 10.35g/m 2 Day, OD of microalgae algal fluid 560 The value is more than 1, and the algae species are recovered.
Example 3
Microalgae were cultivated using the system of example 2, with the difference that a =4.1m -1 ；
Calculated according to equation 1, S =2.87m 2 ；
The calculation is performed according to the equation 2,
l can be calculated according to the total volume of the microalgae solution and the light guide groove 4 Considering the thickness of the fixing device, the light guide groove and the microalgae culture pond, the actual L 4 The distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the upper edge of the side wall of the rectangular water tank is 20cm, and the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level is 20cm;
the sum of the volume of the microalgae solution in the water tank and the volume of the microalgae solution dipped into the light guide groove is 0.85m 3 ＜1m 3 The design of the culture pond meets the requirements. The growth rate of the microalgae is 7.13g/m 2 Day, OD of microalgae algal fluid 560 The value is more than 1, and the algae species are recovered.
Comparative example 1
The microalgae culture pond is 0.24m 3 A rectangular water tank (1.2 m in length, 0.4m in width and 0.5m in height) for providing growth environment and nutrition for spirulina; the volume V of the algae liquid in the culture water tank is 0.14m 3 . The growth rate of the microalgae is 6.52g/m 2 Day, OD of microalgae algal solution 560 The value is more than 1, and the algae species are recovered.
According to the embodiment and the comparative example data, the system for placing the light guide groove with light transmittance in the microalgae solution to culture the microalgae can obtain higher microalgae growth rate.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. A system for culturing microalgae using sunlight, the system comprising: the device comprises a microalgae culture pond filled with microalgae solution and n light guide grooves which are distributed in parallel, wherein n is an arbitrary integer larger than 0, and at least part of the light guide grooves are immersed in the microalgae solution;
the cross section of the light guide groove in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the light guide groove is in a V shape, and the shell of the light guide groove is a transparent material shell;
the light receiving area S of the microalgae solution and the volume V of the microalgae solution conform to the relationship shown in the following formula 1:
s = aV formula 1;
unit of V is m 3 The unit of S is m 2 A is 0<a<11m -1 ；
The light receiving area is the sum of the direct light receiving area of the upper liquid surface of the microalgae liquid and the indirect light receiving area of the shell passing through the light guide groove.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein all of the light guide grooves are identical in shape, each light guide groove having two rectangular side walls of identical shape;
the relation between the number n of the light guide grooves, the length L of the light guide grooves, the opening width r of the cross section in the plane of the upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid and the vertex angle theta of the cross section is shown as the following formula 2:
S 1 represents the area of the horizontal section of the microalgae culture pond, and the unit is m 2 (ii) a The unit of L is m, and the unit of r is m.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the opening width r is 10-30cm and the apex angle θ is 10-120 °.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the light guide grooves are arranged in parallel in a horizontal cross section of the microalgae culture pond, and a distance L between two adjacent light guide grooves is arranged in a plane of an upper liquid level of microalgae liquid 1 Equal, L 1 Is 0-20cm.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein a minimum distance L between two ends of the light guide groove and a side wall of the microalgae culture pond in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the light guide groove is in a plane of an upper liquid level of the microalgae liquid 2 Is 0-30cm;
the minimum distance L between the side wall of the light guide groove and the side wall of the microalgae culture pond in the length direction of the light guide groove 3 Is 0-30cm;
the distance L between the top of the section and the bottom surface of the microalgae culture pond 4 Is 5-20cm.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the distance between the upper liquid level of the microalgae suspension and the upper edge of the side wall of the microalgae culture pond is 5-30cm.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the distance between the upper edge of the side wall of the light guide groove and the upper liquid level is 5-30cm.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the microalgae culture pond is a cuboid.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the light transmissive material housing is a hard housing or a soft housing.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the light guide groove contains a liquid light guide medium.
11. The system of claim 1, comprising an aeration device disposed at the bottom of the microalgae cultivation pond and a heating device disposed outside the microalgae cultivation pond; the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe with aeration holes.
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