CN218564153U

CN218564153U - Nut anti-loosening structure and anti-loosening thread pair

Info

Publication number: CN218564153U
Application number: CN202220589249.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨富云
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-03-17
Filing date: 2022-03-17
Publication date: 2023-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fastener technique specifically discloses nut anti loosening structure and check thread are vice. The nut anti-loosening structure comprises a main nut, an auxiliary nut and an auxiliary gasket, wherein the main nut is used for being screwed at the fixed end of the bolt, the auxiliary nut is used for being screwed at the fixed end of the bolt and is positioned on the outer side of the main nut, and the auxiliary gasket is a metal gasket and is used for being sleeved at the fixed end of the bolt and positioned between the main nut and the auxiliary nut; and after the main nut and the auxiliary nut extrude the auxiliary gasket, the auxiliary gasket is elastically deformed. The anti-loosening thread pair comprises a bolt, one end of the bolt is a bolt head, the other end of the bolt is a fixed end, and the nut anti-loosening structure is arranged at the fixed end of the bolt; and a fastener to be fastened is arranged between the bolt head and the nut anti-loosening structure. The beneficial effects are that: the rubber gasket overcomes the defects of the rubber gasket, realizes high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance, uses the auxiliary gasket made of stainless steel, and solves the problems of corrosion, aging and easy damage caused by vibration and friction. Especially for the occasions where rubber is not suitable for use.

Description

Nut anti-loosening structure and anti-loosening thread pair

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fastener especially involves nut anti loosening structure and check screw pair.

Background

The existing double-nut friction anti-loose device is characterized in that two nuts with the same screwing direction are screwed up and then are screwed up oppositely, so that an abutting force is generated between the two nuts, so that friction is generated between a lower main nut and a spring pad, and friction is generated between the lower main nut and an upper auxiliary nut, the double friction achieves a pre-tightening effect, the two nuts have a mutual extrusion force, so that an anti-loose effect is achieved, but the two nuts and a bolt do not have enough friction, so that the two nuts and the bolt are bound into a whole, and sometimes, the two nuts are still loosened respectively or loosened simultaneously.

However, the washer sandwiched between the main nut and the auxiliary nut of the locking device of the bolt and the nut is a rubber washer, and the rubber washer has inevitable defects of no high temperature resistance, no high pressure resistance, no corrosion resistance, no aging resistance, easy damage after vibration and friction, and the like. Meanwhile, the rubber gasket is adopted to limit the torsion of the outer nut not to be too large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the nut anti-loosening structure comprises

A main nut for screwing on the fixed end of the bolt,

the auxiliary nut is used for being screwed on the fixed end of the bolt and is positioned outside the main nut,

the auxiliary gasket or the coaxial vertically-stacked auxiliary gasket group is a metal gasket, is sleeved at the fixed end of the bolt and is positioned between the main nut and the auxiliary nut;

after the main nut and the auxiliary nut extrude the auxiliary gasket, the auxiliary gasket is elastically deformed;

and the pre-tightening torque of the auxiliary washer between the auxiliary nut and the main nut is greater than that between the main nut and the bolt.

In some forms, after the main nut and the auxiliary nut extrude the auxiliary gasket, the distance between the main nut and the auxiliary nut is L = m x h, and h is the thread pitch of the bolt; wherein m = n + x, n is a natural number, and x is more than 0 and less than 1.

In some forms, a main spring washer is provided inside the main nut; or the inner side of the main nut is not provided with the main elastic washer.

In some forms, the main elastic washer is at least one of a split spring washer, a spherical disc elastic washer and a conical elastic washer; and the torque of the auxiliary nut to the auxiliary washer is greater than the torque of the main nut to the main elastic washer or the bolt.

In some forms, the friction between the secondary washer and the main nut and the secondary nut is greater than the friction between the main nut and the main spring washer.

In some forms, the secondary gasket is at least one of a split spring gasket, a spherical disc spring gasket, and a conical disc spring gasket.

In some forms, the subgasket is a corrosion resistant gasket or the subgasket surface has a corrosion resistant coating.

A locking thread pair comprises

One end of the bolt is a bolt head, the other end of the bolt is a fixed end,

the nut anti-loosening structure is arranged at the fixed end of the bolt;

and a fastener to be fastened is arranged between the bolt head and the nut anti-loosening structure.

In some modes, a main flat washer is further arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure and the fastener to be fastened; the main flat washer is positioned between the main elastic washer and the fastener to be fastened.

In some forms, no main flat washer is provided between the nut anti-loosening structure and the fastener to be fastened.

The utility model discloses a locking principle is: because the pretightening force of the auxiliary washer gradually far away from the bolt head is gradually increased and is larger than the pretightening force between the main nut and the bolt, when the nut close to the bolt head is loosened, the pretightening force of the auxiliary washer far away from the bolt head is larger, so that the auxiliary washer cannot be loosened relative to the outer thread of the bolt, and the whole thread pair cannot be loosened.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the defects of the rubber gasket are overcome, high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance are realized, and the problems of corrosion, aging and easy damage caused by vibration and friction are solved by using the auxiliary gasket made of the anticorrosive stainless steel material. Particularly for the occasions unsuitable for using rubber, the supporting load of the metal gasket in the environment with strong supporting load is far larger than that of the rubber gasket, and the elasticity of the metal gasket is increased by several times.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is one of the structural diagrams of a locking thread pair of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of a locking thread pair of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a third structural diagram of a locking thread pair of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is one of the examples of the sub-gasket of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is one of the examples of the sub-gasket of FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a vibration test result of the structure of fig. 2.

In the figure:

1 bolt, 2 main spring washers, 3 main plain washers, 4 main nuts, 5 auxiliary nuts, 6 by fastener A, 7 by fastener B, 8 auxiliary washers, 9 bolt outer threads, 10 bolt heads, 11 main nut inner threads, 12 auxiliary nut inner threads, 13 main nut auxiliary nut bolt and auxiliary washer between the clearance, 14 screw holes, 15 screw rods, 16 second auxiliary washers, 17 opening spring washers, 18 bolt fixed ends, 19 pairs of spherical disc spring gaskets, 20 pairs of conical disc spring gaskets, 21 pairs of disc spring gaskets, 22 disc spring gasket groups, 23 second auxiliary nuts.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the utility model discloses a first aspect relates to and relates to nut locking structure, as shown in fig. 1, include

A main nut 4 for screwing on the fixed end of the bolt 1,

an auxiliary nut 5 which is used for being screwed at the fixed end of the bolt 1 and is positioned outside the main nut 4,

the auxiliary washer 8 is a metal washer, is sleeved on the fixed end of the bolt 1 and is positioned between the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5;

after the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 extrude the auxiliary gasket 8, the auxiliary gasket 8 is elastically deformed. Elastic deformation occurs through the auxiliary washer 8, so that the auxiliary washer 8 has elastic action on the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5, and simultaneously, the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 are kept to generate larger friction force with the auxiliary washer 8. Similarly, when the in-service use, even if increase several groups of nuts again, from the nut that bolt head 10 is farther away, its pretightning force is big more, as long as two arbitrary intergroups adopt the utility model discloses the scheme all should be worked as the utility model discloses the within range.

It should be further noted that the pre-tightening torque between the auxiliary nut 5 and the main nut 4 is larger than the pre-tightening torque between the main nut 4 and the bolt 1, which is preset as needed. Therefore, the auxiliary nut 5 and the main nut 4 can be better integrated, and looseness is not easy to occur. The magnitude of the pre-tightening torque can be realized by a torque wrench and the like.

In some cases, after the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 press the auxiliary washer 8, the distance between the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 is L = m × h, and h is the pitch of the thread of the bolt 1; wherein m = n + x, n is a natural number, and x is more than 0 and less than 1. Therefore, the distance between the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 is not integral multiple of the thread pitch, so that larger extrusion force can be generated between the main nut 4 or the auxiliary nut 5 and the threaded gear ring of the bolt 1, larger friction force is formed, and the fastening degree of connection is further increased. When the distance between the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 is an integral multiple of the pitch of the threads, the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 are similar to a nut with uniform pitch in nature, and the friction force between the nut and the bolt is reduced compared with the situation of the non-integral multiple.

And a main elastic washer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the main nut 4. The friction between the main nut 4 and the fastened piece 6 can be further increased by providing the main spring washer 2.

The main elastic washer 2 is at least one of an open spring washer 17, a spherical disc-shaped elastic washer 19 and a conical disc-shaped elastic washer 20; the moment of the auxiliary nut 5 to the auxiliary gasket 8 is greater than the moment of the main nut 4 to the main elastic gasket 2.

And the friction force between the auxiliary washer 8 and the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 is greater than the friction force between the main nut 4 and the main washer 2 or the bolt 1.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the sub-washer 8 is at least one of a split spring washer 17, a pair of spherical disc washers 19, and a pair of conical disc washers 20.

As shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary gasket 8 adopts a pair of spherical disc-shaped elastic gaskets, the main elastic gasket 2 adopts an open spring gasket 17, or the main elastic gasket 2 is not arranged, the principle is the same as that in fig. 1, and the advantages are that: the nut anti-loosening structure is uniformly stressed and has a good anti-loosening effect; the vibration-proof effect is better; the manufacturing cost is low; the installation is convenient.

As shown in fig. 3, the auxiliary washer 8 adopts the overlapping conical disc-shaped spring washer group 22, two sets of auxiliary nuts, one set is the auxiliary nut 5, the other set is the second auxiliary nut 23, and the two sets of nut anti-loose structures are distributed far from the approaching bolt head 10 along the axial direction of the bolt, so that the pre-tightening force of the auxiliary washer 8 is increased in multiple, the return elasticity thereof is also increased in multiple, and the anti-loose effect is correspondingly increased. Wherein the pre-tightening torque of the disc-shaped elastic gasket group 22 is greater than the torque of the pair of conical disc-shaped elastic gaskets 20; and the pre-tightening torque of the pair of conical elastic gaskets 20 is larger than the torque between the main nut 4 and the bolt 1. The other structural principle is the same as that of fig. 2.

The auxiliary gasket 8 is an anti-corrosion gasket, or the surface of the auxiliary gasket 8 is provided with an anti-corrosion coating. The auxiliary washer 8 is a metal spherical or conical disc-shaped elastic washer designed and manufactured according to DIN6796 relative to a rubber washer, is used for supporting a bolt and a screw with medium or high strength with larger torsion, has large bearing load and very effective elastic recovery, and the tension of the bolt can bear the relaxation generated by the abrasion, creep, relaxation, thermal expansion, contraction or compression of a wearing part, so that the elastic action of the bolt or the screw is increased by a plurality of times, and the auxiliary washer can effectively replace the rubber washer. Because the dish-shaped spring gaskets can be folded or superposed, the folding mode can increase the deformation of the dish spring group, and the superposition mode can increase the spring force of the dish spring group. The ideal mounting mode is to flatten as much as possible, the closer to the flattened state, the faster the tension moment is increased, and the proper bolt tension can be obtained without a torque wrench. On the other hand, the problem that the rubber deformation is damaged due to the fact that the torsion force is too large is reduced, and meanwhile the rubber gasket is not prone to aging.

In some precision instruments, equipment and facilities needing anti-loosening, different nuts need to be selected according to different torsion requirements, and washers need to be selected at the same time. To this kind of precision instruments, equipment, facility in the industry now, use the elastic washer torsion all to be equipped with corresponding elastic washer product, the elastic washer of different models all has corresponding moment of torsion, does not do specific limitation to the selection here, as long as accord with the utility model discloses a standard all should be in protection range.

The second aspect of the utility model relates to a locking thread pair, include

One end of the bolt 1 is a bolt head 10, the other end is a fixed end,

the nut anti-loosening structure is arranged at the fixed end of the bolt 1;

wherein, a fastener to be fastened is arranged between the bolt head 10 and the nut anti-loosening structure.

Between the bolt head 10 and the nut anti-loosening structure are a fastened piece A6 and a fastened piece B7.

A main flat washer 3 or a main elastic washer 2 is arranged between the nut anti-loose structure and the fastener to be fastened; a main flat washer 3 or main spring washer 2 is located between the main nut 4 and the member to be fastened. A corresponding vibration test was performed on the structure shown in fig. 2, as shown in the lateral vibration plot of fig. 6. The national detection is carried out according to ISO16130:2015 transverse vibration test with a report number of 2021480700; amplitude 0.8mm, frequency 12.5Hz, test bolt M16X 110-10.9, molybdenum disulfide emollient is paintd to nut holding surface and bolt screw thread, and the initial axial force of ordinate is about preset 68KN, behind horizontal coordinate vibration 2000 or 1500 times, the utility model discloses a nut anti loosening structure still can keep remaining axial force to exceed 89.66%, reaches 94.09% even, and the visible vibration remains the clamping force curve and keeps the horizontality almost, so experimental proof the utility model discloses can keep better remaining clamp force.

In some cases, the bolt 1 passes through the screw hole 14 of the fastened piece A6 and the fastened piece B7, the main nut inner wire 11 is screwed on the bolt outer wire 9, the fastened piece A6 and the fastened piece B7 are pre-tightened by the main elastic washer 2 and the main flat washer 3, then the auxiliary nut 5 is screwed to flatten the auxiliary washer 8, and the bolt 1, the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 which are in contact with the auxiliary washer 8 are fixed into a whole due to the fact that the auxiliary washer 8 is the split spring washer 17 or the pair of disc-shaped elastic washers 21 are extruded by the huge rebound expansion force, and meanwhile opposite acting forces exist between the two nuts inside, so that the formed whole body can be mutually extruded with the bolt threads to improve the friction force. Since the pre-tightening torque of the auxiliary washer 8 far from the bolt head 10 is larger than that of the main elastic washer 2 near the bolt head 10, even if the main nut 4 near the bolt head 10 is loosened, the auxiliary nut 5 far from the bolt head 10 can be fastened on the bolt outer wire 9 without loosening due to the large pre-tightening torque.

To the further explanation of the utility model:

the main nut 4, the auxiliary nut 5 and the bolt external thread 9, the auxiliary washer 8 which is pressed and flattened by the auxiliary nut 5 always has the reactive force of interaction and is transmitted to the contact surfaces of the screw meshing threads of the main nut 4, the auxiliary nut 5 and the bolt 1, as the auxiliary nut 5 is screwed more tightly, the pressure between the contact surfaces of the screw meshing threads of the bolt external thread 9 is larger, the friction torque is larger, any one of the main nut 4, the auxiliary nut 5, the bolt 1 and the auxiliary washer 8 needs to overcome the friction force between the screw meshing threads, and the huge pressing force among the four always exists, so that the auxiliary nut 5 cannot be loosened due to the vibration change of the pre-tightening force among the main elastic washer 2, the bolt 1, the fastened piece A6 and the fastened piece B7. Even under strong vibration, the main nut 4 only vibrates slightly elastically and spirally and can be restored to the original position quickly; and the pretightning force of assisting nut 5 between than main nut 4 is a little more, so assist nut 5, main nut 4, supplementary packing ring 8, leaning on extrusion frictional force between the outer silk 9 of bolt and tie into an organic whole, should tie into integrative extrusion frictional force, be far greater than the pretightning force between main nut 4 and bolt 1 and add the power that makes main nut 4 of lateral vibration and retreat, experimental proof: regardless of how the bolt 1 vibrates transversely or axially, the auxiliary nut 5 is always fixed relative to the bolt 1, and the phenomenon of loosening due to retreating cannot occur, so that the bolt 1 and the main nut 4 are locked, and the purpose of good anti-loosening effect is achieved.

The anti-loose structure is further improved on the basis of the existing double-nut anti-loose structure or a butt nut anti-loose structure, one end of a bolt with a thread is inserted into screw holes 14 of two fastened pieces, an exposed bolt outer thread 9 is respectively sleeved with a main flat washer 3 or a main elastic washer 2, then a main nut 4 is screwed, then the exposed bolt outer thread 9 is sleeved with an inner ring of an auxiliary washer 8 around the bolt outer thread 9 between the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5, then the auxiliary nut 5 is screwed and fastened, the pre-tightening torque of the auxiliary washer 8 is larger than the pre-tightening torque between the main nut 4 and the bolt 1, when the main nut 4 loosens and rotates on the bolt 1 due to vibration, the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 on the upper auxiliary nut 5 repel each other due to the elastic action of the auxiliary washer 8, the main nut 4 and the auxiliary nut 5 are screwed on the bolt outer thread 9, so that the screw friction force is large that the auxiliary nut 5 and the main nut 4 are not loosened on the bolt outer thread 9 due to vibration, and the bolt 4 is not loosened so as to ensure that the bolt 4 does not loosen and the bolt outer thread 9, and the anti-loose effect is not good relative to the main nut 1; because the auxiliary gasket 8 replaces the rubber gasket in the prior art, the defects of the rubber gasket are overcome, high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance are realized, and the auxiliary gasket 8 made of anticorrosive stainless steel or anticorrosive coatings solves the problems that the rubber gasket is easy to corrode, age and damage caused by vibration and friction.

The utility model discloses can dismantle in proper order and assist nut 5, assist packing ring 8, main nut 4, or main bullet packing ring 2, or main plain washer 3, take out bolt 1's screw rod 15 from the screw 14 by the fastener, the utility model discloses dismouting many times, use repeatedly, and all accessories of this locking screw pair all need not reprocess for existing standard part commonly used, only need press for the structure of the utility model, supporting, and notice the application method that the pretightning force of assisting the nut is greater than main nut's pretightning force, exactly that is also from bolt head 10 more far away assist packing ring 8 pretightning force more, frictional force is big promptly, and all be greater than main bullet packing ring 2, can realize not loose effect, simple structure, practicality.

The utility model discloses it fills up 8 to assist bullet for anticorrosive stainless spring steel, or carbon steel, or manganese steel, or spring alloy steel make, and the locking screw thread pair of its constitution is used for vibration locking fastening fields such as vibrating machinery, railway, bridge, mine, iron tower, wind-powered electricity generation, nuclear power, vehicle.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the general spirit and concept of the invention. Which all fall within the protection scope of the utility model. The protection scheme of the utility model is based on the appended claims.

Claims

1. Nut anti loosening structure, its characterized in that: comprises that

A main nut (4) which is used for being screwed at the fixed end of the bolt (1),

the auxiliary nut (5) is screwed at the fixed end of the bolt (1) and is positioned at the outer side of the main nut (4),

the auxiliary gasket (8) or the coaxially overlapped auxiliary gasket group is a metal gasket, is sleeved on the fixed end of the bolt (1), and is positioned between the main nut (4) and the auxiliary nut (5);

after the auxiliary gasket (8) is extruded by the main nut (4) and the auxiliary nut (5), the auxiliary gasket (8) is elastically deformed;

the pre-tightening torque of the auxiliary washer (8) between the auxiliary nut (5) and the main nut (4) is larger than that between the main nut (4) and the bolt (1).

2. The nut anti-loosening structure according to claim 1, wherein: after the auxiliary gasket (8) is extruded by the main nut (4) and the auxiliary nut (5), the distance between the main nut (4) and the auxiliary nut (5) is L = m x h, and h is the thread pitch of the bolt (1); wherein m = n + x, n is a natural number, and x is more than 0 and less than 1.

3. The nut loosening prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein: a main elastic washer (2) is arranged on the inner side of the main nut (4); or the inner side of the main nut (4) is not provided with the main elastic washer (2).

4. The nut loosening prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein: the main elastic gasket (2) is at least one of an open spring gasket (17), a spherical disc elastic gasket (19) and a conical disc elastic gasket (20); the torque of the auxiliary nut (5) to the auxiliary washer (8) is larger than the torque of the main nut (4) to the main elastic washer (2) or the bolt (1).

5. The nut loosening prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein: and the friction force between the auxiliary washer (8) and the main nut (4) and between the auxiliary washer (5) is greater than the friction force between the main nut (4) and the main elastic washer (2).

6. The nut loosening prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary gasket (8) is at least one of an open spring gasket (17), a spherical disc elastic gasket (19) and a conical disc elastic gasket.

7. The nut anti-loosening structure according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary gasket (8) is an anti-corrosion gasket, or the surface of the auxiliary gasket (8) is provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

8. The anti-loosening screw pair is characterized by comprising

One end of the bolt (1) is a bolt head (10), the other end is a fixed end,

the nut anti-loosening structure of any one of claims 2 to 7, which is arranged at the fixed end of the bolt (1);

and a fastener to be fastened is arranged between the bolt head (10) and the nut anti-loosening structure.

9. The anti-loose thread pair according to claim 8, characterized in that a main flat washer (3) is arranged between the nut anti-loose structure and the fastener to be fastened; the main flat washer (3) is positioned between the main elastic washer (2) and the fastener to be fastened.

10. Anti-loosening screw pair according to claim 8, wherein no main flat washer (3) is arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure and the member to be fastened.