CN218564065U - One-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an one-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder belongs to hydraulic cylinder technical field. The utility model discloses this one end of cylinder bottom and this one end of preceding uide bushing are provided with one-way buffer gear. The one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve comprises a first buffer sleeve, a first check ring, a first buffer space ring pressing ring and a first buffer space ring, and the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom comprises a second buffer space ring, a second buffer space ring pressing ring, a second check ring and a second buffer sleeve. This practicality just can realize under the condition that does not need plus buffer that the hydro-cylinder can start with normal speed when stretching out and withdrawing, but the one-way buffer function of buffering can be realized to the end of work stage, and working property is reliable and stable, not only simplifies the structure but also economical and practical.

Description

One-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an one-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder belongs to hydraulic cylinder technical field.

Background

At present, the known hydraulic oil cylinder mainly comprises a cylinder barrel, an oil port, a piston rod, an end cover, a guide sleeve and the like. The piston divides the cylinder body into two oil cavities, and the oil cylinder can reciprocate by pushing the piston through oil. In some specific use environments, the oil cylinder has buffering requirements, namely the oil cylinder is required to be started at a normal speed when the oil cylinder is extended and retracted during working, but the oil cylinder with a one-way buffering function is used, and smooth and slow transition is required to avoid impact at the end stage of working. At present, a method for realizing the buffer function mainly comprises an additional buffer device, the most common method is to additionally arrange a flow control valve, and the principle of the method is to realize the buffer function of the oil cylinder by regulating the flow of oil liquid through the flow control valve. Although the buffering function of the oil cylinder can be met, the oil cylinder is externally added, so that the oil cylinder is complex in structure, is overstaffed, occupies a large space, is high in price, and brings burden to a user in the aspects of installation, use and economy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a simple reliable one-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder realizes hydraulic cylinder buffer function under need not the extra device condition to reach the hydro-cylinder and start with normal speed when stretching out and withdrawing.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the hydraulic cylinder one-way buffer mechanism comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston, a front guide sleeve, a piston rod and a cylinder bottom, wherein the cylinder bottom is fixedly assembled at one end of the cylinder barrel, the front guide sleeve is fixedly assembled at the other end of the cylinder barrel, the inner wall of the front guide sleeve is matched with the piston rod, a piston rod sealing piece is arranged on the matching surface of the inner wall of the front guide sleeve and the piston rod, one end of the piston rod, which extends into the cylinder barrel, is fixedly connected with the piston, the outer circular surface of the piston is matched with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, a piston sealing piece is arranged between the outer circular surface of the piston and the matching surface of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, a first oil port communicated with the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the end, which is connected with the front guide sleeve, of the cylinder bottom, a second oil port communicated with the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder bottom, or one end of the front guide sleeve or both of the cylinder bottom.

The one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve comprises a first buffer sleeve, a first check ring, a first buffer space ring pressing ring and a first buffer space ring, the first buffer sleeve is fixedly arranged on the piston rod and is positioned at one end of the piston close to the front guide sleeve, a first positioning step surface is arranged at one end of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve close to the piston, the first check ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve close to the piston, the first positioning step surface, the end surface of the first check ring and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve are combined to form a first adjusting cavity, the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the first buffer space ring are both sleeved on the piston rod and are arranged in the first adjusting cavity, and the first buffer space ring pressing ring is positioned at the side close to the first check ring, the first adjusting cavity is provided with a space for the axial movement of a first buffer space ring pressing ring and a first buffer space ring, the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring pressing ring is matched with the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve, a radial gap is formed between the inner circular surface of the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the outer circular surface of the first buffer sleeve, the inner circular surface of the first buffer space ring is matched with the outer circular surface of the first buffer sleeve, a first gradually-changed oil groove is arranged between the matching surfaces of the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the front guide sleeve, the length direction of the first gradually-changed oil groove is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod, and the flow cross-section area of the first gradually-changed oil groove is in a descending trend in the direction from the front guide sleeve to the cylinder bottom; a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve; the outer circular surface of the front guide sleeve is provided with a cylinder barrel sealing piece between the matching surface of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel sealing piece is arranged on two sides of the first oil port, the area of the front guide sleeve between the two groups of cylinder barrel sealing pieces is provided with a first oil hole, the first oil hole is communicated with the outer circular surface and the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve, and the opening of the first oil hole formed in the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve is positioned on one side, away from the piston, of the first adjusting cavity.

The one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom comprises a second buffer space ring, a second buffer space ring pressing ring, a second check ring and a second buffer sleeve, the second buffer sleeve is fixedly arranged on the piston rod and is positioned at one end, close to the cylinder bottom, of the piston, a cylinder bottom buffer hole is arranged on the inner end face of the cylinder bottom, a second positioning step face is arranged at one end, close to the piston, of the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole, the second check ring is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the piston, of the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole, the second positioning step face, the end face of the second check ring and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole are combined to form a second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring and the second buffer space ring pressing ring are all sleeved on the piston rod and are arranged in the second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring pressing ring is positioned on the side closer to the second check ring, the second adjusting cavity is provided with a space for the second buffer space ring and the second buffer space ring to move axially, the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring pressing ring is matched with the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole, the inner circular surface of the second buffer space ring pressing ring and the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve have a radial gap, the inner circular surface of the second buffer space ring is matched with the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve, a second gradual oil passing groove is arranged between the matching surfaces of the second buffer space ring pressing ring and the second buffer sleeve, the length direction of the second gradual oil passing groove is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod, and the area of the overflowing section of the second gradual oil passing groove is in a descending trend in the direction from the cylinder bottom finger to the front guide sleeve; a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole; the cylinder bottom is provided with a second oil hole communicated with the second oil port and the cylinder bottom buffer hole, and an opening formed by the second oil hole in the inner circular surface of the cylinder bottom buffer hole is positioned on one side, away from the piston, of the second adjusting cavity.

For the convenience of buffer control, the further preferable scheme is as follows: the first gradual change oil groove is provided with at least two to locate on the outer disc of first cushion collar along circumference interval. In a similar way, the second gradual change oil passing grooves are preferably provided with at least two oil passing grooves and are arranged on the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction.

In order to better enable the hydraulic oil to act on the piston surface quickly so as to achieve the requirement of no buffering in normal starting, a further preferable scheme is as follows: the end, close to the first buffering space ring, of the first buffering space ring pressing ring is provided with first oil grooves communicated with the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the first buffering space ring at the end face position, and the first oil grooves are provided with at least two oil grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction. Similarly, the end, close to the second buffer space ring, of the second buffer space ring pressing ring is preferably provided with a second oil groove for communicating the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring at the end face position, and the second oil groove is provided with at least two oil grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction.

In order to better enable the hydraulic oil to act on the piston surface quickly to meet the normal starting requirement, a further preferable scheme is as follows: the first oil holes are arranged at intervals of 2-4 along the circumferential direction of the front guide sleeve.

In order to better enable the hydraulic oil to act on the piston surface quickly to meet the normal starting requirement, a further preferable scheme is as follows: one end of the front guide sleeve close to the piston is provided with 1 or a plurality of oil grooves arranged along the radial direction on the end surface. Likewise, the inner end surface of the cylinder bottom is preferably provided with 1 or more oil grooves arranged radially.

For convenient installation and positioning, the further preferable scheme is as follows: the end of the front guide sleeve far away from the piston is provided with a positioning boss, and the outer circular surface of the positioning boss is provided with 1 or a plurality of positioning grooves arranged along the axial direction.

In order to make the sealing structure and the guiding structure of the outer circular surface of the piston simple and reliable, a further preferable scheme is as follows: piston wear-resisting rings are arranged between the matching surfaces of the outer circular surface of the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, and the piston sealing element is arranged in the area between the two groups of piston wear-resisting rings.

In order to make the sealing structure and the guiding structure of the front guide sleeve simple and reliable, the further preferable scheme is as follows: the inner wall of the front guide sleeve is provided with a lining, a piston rod sealing element and a dust ring in sequence from inside to outside on the matching surface of the front guide sleeve and the piston rod.

In order to facilitate assembly and make the structure simple and reliable, further preferred is: one end of the piston rod extending into the cylinder barrel is provided with a third positioning step surface on the outer circular surface, the first buffer sleeve, the piston and the second buffer sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the piston rod, axial limiting is realized by means of the third positioning step surface, and locking and fixing are realized by a gasket and a screw which are arranged at the end part of the piston rod.

The working principle of the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve is the same as that of the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom, for example, at the end of the operation of the cylinder, under the action of oil pressure, the first buffer space ring is pressed on the first positioning step surface matched with the front guide sleeve, oil can only flow through the gap between the first buffer sleeve and the first buffer space ring, and the adjustment of the oil flow is automatically realized through the first gradual change oil groove through the change of the relative position between the first buffer sleeve and the first buffer space ring, so that the buffer function is achieved. Meanwhile, because the flow of oil liquid needs to be controlled between the first buffer spacer and the fit clearance is very small, a certain clearance space is designed between the first buffer spacer and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve in the radial direction to realize the radial floating function, so that the coaxiality deviation of an oil cylinder system is eliminated, the blocking phenomenon is avoided, and the oil cylinder is used as an oil passing channel function when the oil cylinder is started; at the starting stage of the oil cylinder, under the action of oil pressure, the first buffer space ring and the first buffer space ring pressing ring move for a certain distance towards the oil pressure direction and are limited by the first check ring, and oil rapidly acts on the piston surface through the space between the first buffer space ring and the first positioning step surface of the front guide sleeve, the radial gap space between the first buffer space ring and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve, the first oil groove on the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the gap space between the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the first buffer sleeve so as to achieve normal starting (no buffer).

The utility model has the advantages that: the buffering mechanism is simple and reliable, is convenient to process, can realize that the oil cylinder can be started at normal speed when extending out and retracting under the condition of not needing an additional buffering device, but can realize the one-way buffering function of buffering at the end stage of work, has stable and reliable working performance, simplifies the structure, and is economical and practical.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the product structure assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first cushion collar structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 2 at B.

Fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first buffer spacer pressing ring in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a front guide sleeve structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the buffering action at the end stage of the operation of the oil cylinder.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the cylinder operation start-up phase (no damping).

The parts in the figures are labeled: 1-cylinder bottom, 2-screw, 3-gasket, 4-second buffer sleeve, 5-second buffer space ring, 6-second buffer space ring pressing ring, 7-second check ring, 8-cylinder barrel, 9-piston, 10-first buffer sleeve, 11-piston rod, 12-first oil port, 13-first check ring, 14-first buffer space ring pressing ring, 15-first buffer space ring, 16-bush, 17-front guide sleeve, 18-rod head, 19-piston wear-resisting ring, 20-piston sealing member, 21-cylinder barrel sealing member, 22-piston rod sealing member, 23-front guide sleeve sealing member, 24-dust-proof ring, 25-second oil port, 26-first gradual change oil passing groove, 27-first oil groove, and 28-positioning groove.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 8, the utility model discloses a cylinder 8, piston 9, front guide sleeve 17, piston rod 11 and cylinder bottom 1, cylinder bottom 1 is fixed to be assembled in the one end of cylinder 8, front guide sleeve 17 is fixed to be assembled in the other end of cylinder 8, front guide sleeve 17's inner wall cooperatees with piston rod 11, and front guide sleeve 17's inner wall is provided with piston rod sealing member 22 at the fitting surface with piston rod 11, the one end that piston rod 11 stretches into in the cylinder 8 and piston 9 fixed connection, the outer disc of piston 9 cooperatees with cylinder 8 inner wall, and the outer disc of piston 9 is provided with piston sealing member 20 between the fitting surface with cylinder 8 inner wall, cylinder 8 is connected with the fixed first hydraulic fluid port 12 that is linked together with the cylinder 8 inner chamber that is provided with of front guide sleeve 17's this one end lateral wall, the cylinder bottom 1 outside is provided with can be provided with the communicating second hydraulic fluid port 25 with the cylinder 8 inner chamber, this one end of cylinder bottom 1 or this one end of front guide sleeve 17 or both are provided with one-way buffer gear. In specific implementation, a one-way buffer mechanism can be arranged according to working requirements, and is generally designed at the end of the front guide sleeve 17 and the end of the cylinder bottom 1.

Specifically, the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve 17 comprises a first buffer sleeve 10, a first retainer ring 13, a first buffer spacer pressing ring 14 and a first buffer spacer ring 15, the first buffer sleeve 10 is fixedly arranged on the piston rod 11 and is positioned at one end of the piston 9 close to the front guide sleeve 17, a first positioning step surface is arranged at one end of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve 17 close to the piston 9, the first retainer ring 13 is fixedly arranged at one end of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve 17 close to the piston 9, the first positioning step surface, the end surface of the first retainer ring 13 and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve 17 are combined to form a first adjusting cavity, the first buffer spacer ring pressing ring 14 and the first buffer spacer ring 15 are both sleeved on the piston rod 11 and are arranged in the first adjusting cavity, the first buffer spacer ring pressing ring 14 is positioned at the side closer to the first retainer ring 13, the first adjusting cavity is provided with a space for the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 and the first buffer space ring 15 to axially move (in the embodiment, an axial movement gap of 1.5mm is designed, and the space functions as an oil passage when the oil cylinder is started), the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 is matched with the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve 17, the inner circular surface of the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 and the outer circular surface of the first buffer sleeve 10 are provided with radial gaps (in the embodiment, a radial gap of 2mm is designed), the inner circular surface of the first buffer space ring 15 is matched with the outer circular surface of the first buffer sleeve 10, a first gradual oil passing groove 26 is arranged between the matching surfaces of the first buffer space ring pressing ring and the first buffer sleeve, the length direction of the first gradual oil passing groove 26 is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod 11, and the flow cross-section area of the first gradual oil passing groove 26 gradually decreases in the direction from the front guide sleeve 17 to the cylinder bottom 1; a radial gap (a 1mm radial gap is designed in the embodiment) is formed between the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring 15 and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve 17; the cylinder sealing pieces 21 are arranged between the matching surfaces of the outer circular surface of the front guide sleeve 17 and the inner wall of the cylinder 8, the cylinder sealing pieces 21 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first oil port 12, the area of the front guide sleeve 17 between the two groups of cylinder sealing pieces 21 is provided with a first oil hole, the first oil hole is communicated with the outer circular surface and the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve 17, and an opening formed by the first oil hole on the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve 17 is positioned on one side, away from the piston 9, of the first adjusting cavity.

The one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom 1 comprises a second buffer space ring 5, a second buffer space ring pressing ring 6, a second baffle ring 7 and a second buffer sleeve 4, the second buffer sleeve 4 is fixedly arranged on the piston rod 11 and is positioned at one end of the piston 9 close to the cylinder bottom 1, the inner end surface of the cylinder bottom 1 is provided with a cylinder bottom buffer hole, the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole is provided with a second positioning step surface at one end close to the piston 9, the second baffle ring 7 is fixedly arranged at the end of the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole close to the piston 9, the end surface of the second positioning step surface, the end surface of the second baffle ring 7 and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole are combined to form a second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring 5 and the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 are all sleeved on the piston rod 11 and are arranged in the second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 is positioned on the side closer to the second check ring 7, the second adjusting cavity is provided with a space for the second buffer space ring 5 and the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 to move axially, the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 is matched with the inner side wall of the buffer hole at the cylinder bottom, the inner circular surface of the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 and the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve 4 are provided with radial gaps, the inner circular surface of the second buffer space ring 5 is matched with the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve 4, a second gradual change oil passing groove is arranged between the matching surfaces of the second buffer space ring pressing ring and the second buffer space ring, the length direction of the second gradual change oil passing groove is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod 11, and the flow cross-section area of the second gradual change oil passing groove is in a descending trend in the direction from the cylinder bottom 1 to the front guide sleeve 17; a radial clearance is formed between the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring 5 and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole; the cylinder bottom 1 is provided with a second oil hole for communicating the second oil port 25 with the cylinder bottom buffer hole, and an opening formed on the inner circular surface of the cylinder bottom buffer hole of the second oil hole is positioned on one side of the second adjusting cavity far away from the piston 9.

As shown in fig. 4, the first progressive oil groove 26 may generally adopt a groove structure with a tapered bottom wall. For the convenience of buffering control, at least two first gradual oil passing grooves 26 are provided and are circumferentially spaced on the outer circumferential surface of the first buffer sleeve 10, in this embodiment, two first buffer sleeves 10 are symmetrically arranged. In a similar way, the second gradual-change oil passing grooves are preferably provided with at least two gradual-change oil passing grooves and are arranged on the outer circular surface of the second buffer sleeve 4 at intervals along the circumferential direction.

In order to better enable hydraulic oil to act on the piston surface rapidly so as to meet the requirement of no buffering in normal starting, the end, close to the first buffering space ring 15, of the first buffering space ring pressing ring 14 is provided with first oil grooves 27 communicating the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the first buffering space ring at the end surface position, the first oil grooves 27 are provided with at least two oil grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction, and in the embodiment, the first oil grooves 27 are four oil grooves which are uniformly distributed. Similarly, the end of the second buffer space ring pressing ring 6 close to the second buffer space ring 5 is preferably provided with at least two second oil grooves at the end face position, and the second oil grooves are communicated with the inner circular face and the outer circular face of the second buffer space ring.

In order to better enable hydraulic oil to act on the piston surface rapidly to meet the normal starting requirement, the first oil holes are arranged at intervals of 2-4 along the circumferential direction of the front guide sleeve 17.

To better enable the hydraulic oil to act quickly on the piston face to meet normal starting requirements, the end of the front guide sleeve 17 close to the piston 9 is provided with 1 or more radially arranged oil grooves on the end face. Likewise, the inner end surface of the cylinder bottom 1 is preferably provided with 1 or more oil grooves arranged radially.

For convenience of installation and positioning, one end of the front guide sleeve 17, which is far away from the piston 9, is provided with a positioning boss, and the outer circular surface of the positioning boss is provided with 1 or more positioning grooves 28 which are arranged along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the positioning grooves 28 are three and uniformly distributed.

In order to make the sealing structure and the guiding structure of the outer circular surface of the piston simple and reliable, piston wear-resisting rings 19 are arranged between the matching surfaces of the outer circular surface of the piston 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 8, and a piston sealing member 20 is arranged in the area between the two groups of piston wear-resisting rings 19.

In order to make the sealing structure and the guiding structure of the front guide sleeve simple and reliable, the inner wall of the front guide sleeve 17 is provided with a bush 16, a piston rod sealing element 22 and a dust ring 24 in sequence from inside to outside on the matching surface with the piston rod 11.

In order to facilitate assembly and ensure simple and reliable structure, a third positioning step surface is arranged on the outer circular surface of one end, extending into the cylinder barrel 8, of the piston rod 11, the first buffer sleeve 10, the piston 9 and the second buffer sleeve 4 are sequentially sleeved on the piston rod 11, axial limiting is realized by the aid of the third positioning step surface, and locking and fixing are realized by the aid of the gasket 3 and the screw 2 which are arranged at the end part of the piston rod 11. Correspondingly, the end face of the piston rod 11 is designed with a threaded hole for connecting the screw 2, and the washer 3 is arranged between the head of the screw 2 and the second cushion collar 4.

The one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve 17 has the same working principle as the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom 1, and for example, as shown in fig. 9, at the end of the operation of the cylinder, when the piston 9 assembly moves to the right, the first buffer sleeve 10 starts to enter the first buffer space ring 15, and under the action of oil pressure, the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 and the first buffer space ring 15 move to the right and are tightly attached to the first positioning step surface of the front guide sleeve 17, and at this time, the oil in the rod cavity can only be discharged outwards through the gap between the first buffer sleeve 10 and the first buffer space ring 15. Because the first buffer sleeve 10 is provided with two first gradually-changed oil passing grooves 26, through the change of the relative position between the first buffer sleeve 10 and the first buffer space ring 15, the oil passes through the first gradually-changed oil passing grooves 26 on the first buffer sleeve 10, the flow gradually decreases, and the adjustment of the oil flow is automatically realized, so as to achieve the buffer function. Meanwhile, because the flow of the oil liquid needs to be controlled between the first buffer spacer 10 and the first buffer spacer 15 and the fit clearance is very small, a radial clearance space of 1mm is designed between the outer circular surface of the first buffer spacer 15 and the inner wall of the front guide sleeve 17 to realize a radial floating function, so that the coaxiality deviation of an oil cylinder system is eliminated, the phenomenon of blocking is avoided, and meanwhile, the radial clearance space serves as an oil passing channel function when the oil cylinder is started.

As shown in fig. 10, in the starting stage of the oil cylinder, when the oil pressure enters the rod cavity, because the gap between the first buffer sleeve 10 and the first buffer space ring 15 is small, under the action of the oil pressure, the first buffer space ring 15 and the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 integrally and instantaneously move leftwards by 1.5mm and are limited and stopped by the first retaining ring 13. At this time, the oil rapidly acts on the piston surface through the space between the first buffer space ring 15 and the first positioning step surface of the front guide sleeve 17, the radial clearance space between the first buffer space ring 15 and the front guide sleeve 17, the first oil groove 27 on the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 and the clearance space between the first buffer space ring pressing ring 14 and the first buffer sleeve 10, and the piston 9 assembly moves leftwards to achieve normal starting (no buffer).

Claims (10)

1. One-way buffer gear of hydraulic cylinder, including cylinder (8), piston (9), preceding guide sleeve (17), piston rod (11) and cylinder end (1), cylinder end (1) fixed assembly is in the one end of cylinder (8), preceding guide sleeve (17) fixed assembly is in the other end of cylinder (8), the inner wall of preceding guide sleeve (17) cooperatees with piston rod (11), and the inner wall of preceding guide sleeve (17) is provided with piston rod sealing member (22) at the fitting surface with piston rod (11), one end and piston (9) fixed connection that piston rod (11) stretched into in cylinder (8), the outer disc of piston (9) cooperatees with cylinder (8) inner wall, and the outer disc of piston (9) be provided with piston sealing member (20) between the fitting surface with cylinder (8) inner wall, this one end lateral wall that cylinder (8) are connected with preceding guide sleeve (17) is fixed to be provided with first hydraulic fluid port (12) that are linked together with cylinder (8) inner chamber, cylinder end (1) outside is provided with can with communicating second hydraulic port (25) with cylinder (8) inner chamber, its characterized in that: one end of the cylinder bottom (1) or one end of the front guide sleeve (17) or both are provided with a one-way buffer mechanism;

the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the front guide sleeve (17) comprises a first buffer sleeve (10), a first check ring (13), a first buffer spacer pressing ring (14) and a first buffer spacer (15), the first buffer sleeve (10) is fixedly arranged on the piston rod (11) and is positioned at one end, close to the front guide sleeve (17), of the piston (9), a first positioning step surface is arranged at one end, close to the piston (9), of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve (17), the first check ring (13) is fixedly arranged at the end, close to the piston (9), of the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve (17), the first positioning step surface, the end surface of the first check ring (13) and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve (17) are combined to form a first adjusting cavity, the first buffer spacer pressing ring (14) and the first buffer spacer (15) are both sleeved on the piston rod (11) and are arranged in the first adjusting cavity, the first buffer spacer pressing ring (14) is positioned at the side, which is closer to the first check ring (13), the first buffer spacer pressing ring (14) and the first buffer spacer pressing ring (15) are matched with the inner side surface of the first buffer pressing ring (10), and the first buffer spacer pressing ring (15) are matched with the outer side of the first buffer space, the first buffer spacer (10) which is matched with the inner side of the outer side of the first buffer spacer (10), a first gradual oil passing groove (26) is arranged between matching surfaces of the two, the length direction of the first gradual oil passing groove (26) is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod (11), and the overflowing section area of the first gradual oil passing groove (26) is in a decreasing trend in the direction from the front guide sleeve (17) to the cylinder bottom (1); a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring (15) and the inner side wall of the front guide sleeve (17); a cylinder barrel sealing piece (21) is arranged between the matching surface of the outer circular surface of the front guide sleeve (17) and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (8), the cylinder barrel sealing piece (21) is respectively arranged at two sides of the first oil port (12), a first oil hole is arranged in the area of the front guide sleeve (17) between the two groups of cylinder barrel sealing pieces (21), the first oil hole is communicated with the outer circular surface and the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve (17), and an opening formed by the first oil hole in the inner circular surface of the front guide sleeve (17) is positioned at one side of the first adjusting cavity, which is far away from the piston (9);

the one-way buffer mechanism at the end of the cylinder bottom (1) comprises a second buffer space ring (5), a second buffer space ring pressing ring (6), a second baffle ring (7) and a second buffer sleeve (4), wherein the second buffer sleeve (4) is fixedly arranged on a piston rod (11) and is positioned at one end of a piston (9) close to the cylinder bottom (1), the inner end surface of the cylinder bottom (1) is provided with a cylinder bottom buffer hole, the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole is provided with a second positioning step surface at one end close to the piston (9), the second baffle ring (7) is fixedly arranged at one end of the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole close to the piston (9), the second positioning step surface, the end surface of the second baffle ring (7) and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole are combined to form a second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring (5), the second buffer space ring pressing ring (6) is sleeved on the piston rod (11) and is arranged in a second adjusting cavity, the second buffer space ring pressing ring (6) is positioned at the side close to the inner side of the second buffer hole (7), the second buffer space ring pressing ring (6), the second buffer space ring pressing ring (5) is matched with the outer side of the second buffer space ring pressing ring (4), the second buffer space ring (6), and the inner side of the second buffer space ring pressing ring (6), and the second buffer space of the second buffer space ring pressing ring (4) and the second buffer space (5), a second gradual oil passing groove is arranged between the matching surfaces of the cylinder bottom and the front guide sleeve (17), the length direction of the second gradual oil passing groove is arranged along the length direction of the piston rod (11), and the area of the overflowing section of the second gradual oil passing groove is in a decreasing trend in the direction pointing to the front guide sleeve (17) from the cylinder bottom (1); a radial gap is formed between the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring (5) and the inner side wall of the cylinder bottom buffer hole; the cylinder bottom (1) is provided with a second oil hole which is communicated with the second oil port (25) and the cylinder bottom buffer hole, and an opening formed in the inner circular surface of the cylinder bottom buffer hole of the second oil hole is positioned on one side, far away from the piston (9), of the second adjusting cavity.

2. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the number of the first gradual change oil grooves (26) is at least two, and the first gradual change oil grooves are arranged on the outer circular surface of the first buffer sleeve (10) at intervals along the circumferential direction.

3. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the second gradual change oil groove is provided with at least two to locate on the outer disc of second cushion collar (4) along circumference interval.

4. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the end, close to the first buffer space ring (15), of the first buffer space ring pressing ring (14) is provided with first oil grooves (27) communicated with the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the first buffer space ring at the end face position, and the number of the first oil grooves (27) is at least two along the circumferential direction at intervals.

5. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the end, close to the second buffer space ring (5), of the second buffer space ring pressing ring (6) is provided with second oil grooves communicated with the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the second buffer space ring at the end face position, and the second oil grooves are circumferentially arranged at intervals at least two.

6. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the first oil holes are arranged at intervals of 2-4 along the circumferential direction of the front guide sleeve (17).

7. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: one end of the front guide sleeve (17) close to the piston (9) is provided with 1 or a plurality of oil grooves arranged along the radial direction on the end surface.

8. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: one end of the front guide sleeve (17) far away from the piston (9) is provided with a positioning boss, and the outer circular surface of the positioning boss is provided with 1 or a plurality of positioning grooves (28) arranged along the axial direction.

9. The hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the inner end surface of the cylinder bottom (1) is provided with 1 or a plurality of oil grooves arranged along the radial direction.

10. A hydraulic ram one-way damping mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein: piston wear-resisting rings (19) are arranged between the matching surfaces of the outer circular surface of the piston (9) and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (8), and a piston sealing piece (20) is arranged in the area between the two groups of piston wear-resisting rings (19); a bush (16), a piston rod sealing piece (22) and a dust ring (24) are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the front guide sleeve (17) from inside to outside on the matching surface of the front guide sleeve and the piston rod (11); one end of the piston rod (11) extending into the cylinder barrel (8) is provided with a third positioning step surface on the outer circular surface, the first buffer sleeve (10), the piston (9) and the second buffer sleeve (4) are sequentially sleeved on the piston rod (11), axial limiting is realized by the aid of the third positioning step surface, and locking and fixing are realized by the aid of a gasket (3) and a screw (2) which are arranged at the end part of the piston rod (11).

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