CN218550206U - PTC heating circuit - Google Patents
PTC heating circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN218550206U CN218550206U CN202222077174.0U CN202222077174U CN218550206U CN 218550206 U CN218550206 U CN 218550206U CN 202222077174 U CN202222077174 U CN 202222077174U CN 218550206 U CN218550206 U CN 218550206U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pair of PTC heating circuit, include: the first end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an L-phase line of an external alternating-current power supply, the second end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the second-stage switching circuit, the third end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the external direct-current power supply, the fourth end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller, and the first-stage switching circuit comprises a relay; the second end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the PTC heater, the third end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the fourth end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller; and the second end of the PTC heater is connected with the N-phase line of an external alternating current power supply. Through implementing the utility model discloses avoided the relay directly to suffer from the ceramic PTC heater heavy current impact when opening for the first time to need not to consider to increase the relay model, avoided the cost rise that causes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electron device technical field, concretely relates to PTC heating circuit.
Background
The PTC heater is a device composed of a PTC ceramic heating element and an aluminum pipe, and is widely applied to heating appliances such as a fan heater, a bath heater and the like at present. The PTC heater is characterized by a relatively low internal resistance in a cold state and a large current immediately after starting, resulting in a large starting power of the heating appliance. For example, an appliance partially equipped with a PTC heater may be rated for 2KW of heating power, whereas when the PTC heater is started in a cold state, the starting power of the appliance may reach 3KW or more. In this case, when the ceramic PTC heater is directly driven using the relay, the capacity selection of the relay needs to be twice as large as the rated value, resulting in an increase in the cost of the relay.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to overcome the defect that relay is with high costs among the prior art PTC heating circuit to provide a PTC heating circuit.
The utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
an embodiment of the utility model provides a PTC heating circuit, include: the PTC heater comprises a first-stage switching circuit, a second-stage switching circuit and a PTC heater, wherein a first end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an L-phase line of an external alternating-current power supply, a second end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with a first end of the second-stage switching circuit, a third end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the external direct-current power supply, a fourth end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller, and the first-stage switching circuit comprises a relay; the second end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the PTC heater, the third end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the fourth end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller; and the second end of the PTC heater is connected with an N-phase line of an external alternating current power supply.
Optionally, the first end of the relay coil is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the second end of the relay coil is connected with an external controller, the first end of the relay normally-open switch is connected with an L-phase line of the external alternating-current power supply, and the second end of the relay normally-open switch is connected with the first end of the second-stage switch circuit.
Optionally, the first stage of switching circuit further includes: and the cathode of the diode is connected with the first end of the relay coil, and the anode of the diode is connected with the second end of the relay coil.
Optionally, the second stage switching circuit includes: the thyristor comprises a thyristor, a thyristor protection circuit and a thyristor gate drive circuit, wherein the first end of the thyristor is connected with the first end of the thyristor protection circuit, the second end of the thyristor is respectively connected with the second end of the thyristor protection circuit and the third end of the thyristor gate drive circuit, and the third end of the thyristor is connected with the fourth end of the thyristor gate drive circuit; the first end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the second end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external controller.
Optionally, the thyristor protection circuit includes: the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the controllable silicon, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the controllable silicon through the first resistor.
Optionally, the thyristor gate drive circuit comprises: the thyristor control circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein the first end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the second end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with an external controller through the third resistor, the third end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the second end of the thyristor through the second resistor, and the fourth end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the third end of the thyristor.
Optionally, the PTC heating circuit further comprises a controller, and the controller is further connected to the second end of the photoelectric coupler and the second end of the relay coil, respectively.
The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage:
the utility model provides a pair of PTC heating circuit, include: the PTC heater comprises a first-stage switching circuit, a second-stage switching circuit and a PTC heater, wherein the first end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an L-phase line of an external alternating-current power supply, the second end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the second-stage switching circuit, the third end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the fourth end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller, and the first-stage switching circuit comprises a relay; the second end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the PTC heater, the third end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the fourth end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller; and the second end of the PTC heater is connected with the N-phase line of an external alternating current power supply. The PTC heater is controlled to work by using the two-stage switch circuit, the switching-on and switching-off actions of the first-stage switch circuit comprising the relay are realized in an environment without a current loop, the low-load switch of the relay is realized, the relay is prevented from being directly impacted by high current when the ceramic PTC heater is started for the first time, the increase of the model of the relay is not needed to be considered, and the cost increase is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a specific example of a PTC heating circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a specific example PTC heating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a specific example of a PTC heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Due to the characteristics of the ceramic PTC heater, when the air heating function of the air heating bath heater is started for the first time, the power of the PTC heater of the ceramic PTC heater can reach twice of the rated power within 30S of the starting time of the ceramic PTC heater. When the ceramic PTC heater is directly driven using the relay, the capacity selection of the relay needs to be twice as much as the rated value, which greatly leads to an increase in the cost of the relay. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a PTC heating circuit is used at warm bathroom heater control system to reduce the relay cost.
As shown in fig. 1, the PTC heating circuit includes: the PTC heater comprises a first-stage switching circuit, a second-stage switching circuit and a PTC heater, wherein the first end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an L-phase line of an external alternating-current power supply, the second end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the second-stage switching circuit, the third end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the fourth end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller, and the first-stage switching circuit comprises a relay; the second end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the PTC heater, the third end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the fourth end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller; and the second end of the PTC heater is connected with the N-phase line of an external alternating current power supply. The relay is not shown in fig. 1.
In one embodiment, a two-stage switching circuit is used to control the operation of the PTC heater. The first stage switch circuit including a relay is installed at the front near the 220VAC/50HZ end of the commercial power, and the second stage switch circuit is installed at the rear near the PTC heater end. When a user needs to use the air heating function of the bath heater, the external controller sends a control signal to drive the first-stage switching circuit to be switched on, and after the first preset time, the external controller sends a control signal to drive the second-stage switching circuit to be switched on. When the user does not need to use the air heating function of the bath heater, the external controller sends a control signal to drive the second-stage switching circuit to be turned off, and after the second preset time, the external controller sends a control signal to drive the first-stage switching circuit to be turned off. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, first preset time, second preset time are confirmed according to actual conditions.
By controlling the action time sequence of the switch circuit, the on and off actions of the first-stage switch circuit comprising the relay are realized under the environment without a current loop, the low-load switch of the relay is realized, the relay is prevented from directly suffering from high-current impact when the ceramic PTC heater is started for the first time, and the service life of the relay is greatly prolonged. In addition, the cost increase caused by enlarging the relay model is not required to be considered.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, RY1 is a relay symbol. The first end and the external DC power supply of relay RY1 coil are connected, and the second end and the external control ware of relay RY1 coil are connected, and the first end and the external AC power supply's of relay RY1 normally open switch are connected, and the second end and the first end of second grade switching circuit of relay RY1 normally open switch are connected.
In a specific embodiment, the first stage of switching circuit further includes: diode D1, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the first end of the coil of relay RY1, and the anode of diode D1 is connected to the second end of the coil of relay RY1.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the control system of the air heating bath heater uses 220VAC/50HZ power supply, and the ceramic PTC heater can reach 3000W at most. When power is supplied to the ceramic PTC heater, the ceramic PTC heater generates heat, and the air heating bath heater generates a heat source. An external +12V direct current power supply supplies power to the coil loop of the relay RY1. D1 is a relay protection diode for protecting the relay RY1.IO1 is the signal code of the MCU unit of the air heating bathroom heater control system, and the relay RY1 is switched on and off by controlling the level signal of the IO1 through the MCU unit.
In one embodiment, the second stage switching circuit includes: the thyristor Q1, the thyristor protection circuit and the thyristor gate drive circuit, wherein the first end of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the first end of the thyristor protection circuit, the second end of the thyristor Q1 is respectively connected with the second end of the thyristor protection circuit and the third end of the thyristor gate drive circuit, and the third end of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the fourth end of the thyristor gate drive circuit; the first end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the second end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external controller.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the scr protective circuit includes: first resistance R1 and first electric capacity CX1, wherein, first electric capacity CX 1's first end is connected with silicon controlled rectifier Q1's first end, and first electric capacity CX 1's second end is connected with silicon controlled rectifier Q1's second end through first resistance R1.
A thyristor gate drive circuit comprising: optoelectronic coupler U1, second resistance R2 and third resistance R3, wherein, optoelectronic coupler U1's first end is connected with outside DC power supply, and optoelectronic coupler U1's second end is connected with external control ware through third resistance R3, and optoelectronic coupler U1's third end passes through second resistance R2 and is connected with silicon controlled rectifier Q1's second end, and optoelectronic coupler U1's fourth end and silicon controlled rectifier Q1's third end are connected.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, outside +5V DC power supply is the photoelectric coupler U1 power supply. IO2 is a signal code of an MCU unit of the air heating bathroom heater control system, the thyristor gate drive circuit is switched on and off by controlling a level signal of the IO2 through the MCU unit, and then the thyristor gate drive circuit is used for driving the thyristor Q1 to be switched on and off. When the relay RY1 and the controllable silicon Q1 are in an on state at the same time, the ceramic PTC heater is in a working state to generate a heat source.
Specifically, after the relay RY1 is switched on for 500ms by controlling the low level signal of IO1 through the MCU unit, the thyristor Q1 is switched on by controlling the low level signal of IO2 through the MCU unit. After the controllable silicon Q1 is turned off for 500ms by the high level signal of the MCU unit controlling the IO2, the relay RY1 is turned off by the high level signal of the MCU unit controlling the IO 1. The relay RY1 is switched on and off under the condition that no current loop exists, the relay RY1 is switched on and off under a low load, the relay RY1 is prevented from directly suffering from high current impact when the ceramic PTC heater is switched on for the first time, and the service life of the relay RY1 is greatly prolonged. In addition, the cost increase caused by enlarging the relay model is not required to be considered. The relay RY1 is protected by controlling the switching sequence of the relay RY1 and the silicon controlled rectifier Q1, so that the economy of the relay RY1 in shape selection and the reliability of the service life are realized.
In one embodiment, a two-stage switch scheme that a primary relay RY1 and a primary silicon controlled rectifier Q1 are connected in series is used for controlling the control of a ceramic PTC heater in a bathroom heater, the relay RY1 is arranged in the front and close to the 220VAC/50HZ end of a mains supply, the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is arranged at the rear end and close to the end of the ceramic PTC heater, when a user needs to use the air heating function of the bathroom heater, the relay RY1 and the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 before and after the air heating bathroom heater control system needs to act simultaneously to achieve the work of the ceramic PTC heater together, and the occurrence of faults of the air heating bathroom heater control system caused by hardware failure short circuit of a single switch or misoperation of the single switch is avoided.
In one embodiment, the relay RY1 is arranged at the front part and close to the 220VAC/50HZ end of the mains supply, the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is arranged at the rear end and close to the ceramic PTC load end, and when a user does not use the air heating function of the bathroom heater, the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is always in a non-electrified state due to the fact that the relay RY1 is turned off, so that the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is prevented from being impacted by the mains supply power grid for a long time, the service life of the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is prolonged, and the control scheme of the ceramic PTC heater has longer service life.
In one embodiment, the PTC heating circuit further comprises a controller, and the controller is further connected to the second end of the photoelectric coupler and the second end of the relay coil, respectively.
In one embodiment, the controller is an MCU unit. The MCU unit utilizes the output level signal of IO1 to realize the switching on and switching off of the relay RY1. The MCU unit utilizes the output IO2 level signal to realize the conduction and the cut-off of the silicon controlled gate drive circuit, and further utilizes the silicon controlled gate drive circuit to drive the silicon controlled Q1 to be switched on and switched off.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a PTC heating method is still provided, based on above-mentioned PTC heating circuit, PTC heating method, as shown in fig. 3, includes following step:
step S1: and acquiring user requirements.
In one embodiment, the user demand includes turning on the air heater and turning off the air heater.
Step S2: when a user needs to turn on the air heating bath heater, a low level signal is sent to drive the first-stage switching circuit to be turned on, and after the first preset time, a low level signal is sent to drive the second-stage switching circuit to be turned on.
In one embodiment, the PTC heater is further determined to be cold activated when the user desires to turn on the air heater. If the PTC heater is started in a cold state, in order to avoid the direct high-current impact of the relay when the ceramic PTC heater is started for the first time, the PTC heater is started in a two-stage switch control mode.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, when the user's demand is for opening warm bathroom heater of wind, realize relay RY1 through MCU unit control IO 1's low level signal and open 500ms back, silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is opened to rethread MCU unit control IO 2's low level signal realization. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined time is 500ms, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto.
And step S3: when the user demands to turn off the air heating bath heater, a high level signal is sent to drive the second-stage switching circuit to be turned off, and after second preset time, a high level signal is sent to drive the first-stage switching circuit to be turned off.
In a specific embodiment, when the user needs to turn on the air heating bathroom heater, after the thyristor Q1 is turned off for 500ms by the high level signal of the MCU unit controlling the IO2, the relay RY1 is turned off by the high level signal of the MCU unit controlling the IO 1. In an embodiment of the present invention, the second predetermined time is 500ms, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto.
The relay RY1 is switched on and off under the condition that no current loop exists, the relay RY1 is switched on and off under a low load, the relay RY1 is prevented from directly suffering from high current impact when the ceramic PTC heater is switched on for the first time, and the service life of the relay RY1 is greatly prolonged. In addition, the cost increase caused by enlarging the size of the relay is not required to be considered. The relay RY1 is protected by controlling the switching sequence of the relay RY1 and the silicon controlled rectifier Q1, so that the economy of the relay RY1 in shape selection and the reliability of the service life are realized.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A PTC heating circuit, comprising: a first stage switch circuit, a second stage switch circuit and a PTC heater, wherein,
the first end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an L-phase line of an external alternating-current power supply, the second end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the second-stage switching circuit, the third end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the fourth end of the first-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller, and the first-stage switching circuit comprises a relay;
the second end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with the first end of the PTC heater, the third end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the fourth end of the second-stage switching circuit is connected with an external controller;
and the second end of the PTC heater is connected with an N-phase line of an external alternating current power supply.
2. The PTC heating circuit according to claim 1, wherein a first end of the relay coil is connected to an external dc power supply, a second end of the relay coil is connected to an external controller, a first end of the relay normally open switch is connected to an L-phase line of an external ac power supply, and a second end of the relay normally open switch is connected to a first end of the second stage switch circuit.
3. The PTC heating circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first stage switching circuit further comprises: and the cathode of the diode is connected with the first end of the relay coil, and the anode of the diode is connected with the second end of the relay coil.
4. The PTC heating circuit of claim 2, wherein the second stage switching circuit comprises: silicon controlled rectifier, silicon controlled rectifier protection circuit and silicon controlled rectifier gate drive circuit, wherein,
the first end of the controlled silicon is connected with the first end of the controlled silicon protection circuit, the second end of the controlled silicon is respectively connected with the second end of the controlled silicon protection circuit and the third end of the controlled silicon gate pole driving circuit, and the third end of the controlled silicon is connected with the fourth end of the controlled silicon gate pole driving circuit;
the first end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the second end of the controllable silicon gate driving circuit is connected with an external controller.
5. The PTC heating circuit according to claim 4, wherein the thyristor protection circuit comprises: a first resistor and a first capacitor, wherein,
the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the controllable silicon, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the controllable silicon through the first resistor.
6. The PTC heating circuit according to claim 4, wherein the thyristor gate drive circuit comprises: a photoelectric coupler, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein,
the first end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with an external direct-current power supply, the second end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with an external controller through the third resistor, the third end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the second end of the controlled silicon through the second resistor, and the fourth end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the third end of the controlled silicon.
7. The PTC heating circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a controller, the controller being further connected to the second end of the photo-coupler and the second end of the relay coil, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222077174.0U CN218550206U (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | PTC heating circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222077174.0U CN218550206U (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | PTC heating circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218550206U true CN218550206U (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222077174.0U Active CN218550206U (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | PTC heating circuit |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN218550206U (en) |
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- 2022-08-05 CN CN202222077174.0U patent/CN218550206U/en active Active
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