CN218523406U - Liquefied gas tank - Google Patents

Liquefied gas tank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN218523406U
CN218523406U CN202223031859.8U CN202223031859U CN218523406U CN 218523406 U CN218523406 U CN 218523406U CN 202223031859 U CN202223031859 U CN 202223031859U CN 218523406 U CN218523406 U CN 218523406U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquefied gas
casing
end wall
gas
gasification
Prior art date
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Application number
CN202223031859.8U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
C·布维耶
G·齐克
P·弗雷泽
D·提尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/015—Carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/037—Containing pollutant, e.g. H2S, Cl
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0374—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0395—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a submerged heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquefied gas jar, it includes the sealed casing (2) that defines the storage volume for liquefied gas between lower end wall and upper end, around the heat insulation system (3) that casing (2) set up and access to a set of fluid transfer line in casing (2), characterized in that, this set of fluid transfer line includes gasification line (7), and this gasification line (7) include the upstream end that is intended to be connected to the heating gas source, and near the lower end wall of casing (2) access to in the lower part of casing (2) and towards the lower end wall directional downstream end.

Description

Liquefied gas tank
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a liquefied gas tank and a method of gasification in such a tank.
The present invention relates more particularly to a tank for liquefied gas, in particular hydrogen, comprising a sealed casing defining a storage volume for liquefied gas between a lower end wall and an upper end, an insulation system arranged around the casing and a set of fluid transfer lines leading into the casing.
Background
For example, it may be necessary to empty a liquefied gas tank by gasification for maintenance reasons. This is particularly important in the case of toxic or otherwise dangerous gases for which it is absolutely necessary to ensure that there is no longer any trace of liquid in the facility before the pipeline is opened for maintenance.
Completely vaporizing the liquefied gas in the tank in a reasonable time, that is, without waiting for the liquid to be vaporized by the input of heat, can be relatively complex, particularly in the case of cryogenic facilities with effective insulation. This is even more problematic when the lower part of the tank has no liquid discharge line.
There are some solutions in which hot gas is supplied into the tank to gradually vaporize the liquid. For example, a closed circuit of hot gases exchanges heat inside the tank: the gas is heated outside the low temperature section and then gradually heats the fluid in the facility.
Also, the pipe may be flushed with hot gas (e.g., gas at ambient temperature or heated to tens of degrees).
These known solutions do not allow the liquefied gas to be completely vaporized. A liquid bath is usually maintained at the bottom.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The object of the present invention is to overcome all or some of the drawbacks of the prior art described above.
To this end, the tank according to the invention, which tank is otherwise in accordance with its general definition given in the preamble above, is mainly characterized in that the set of transfer lines comprises a gasification line having an upstream end intended to be connected to a source of heating gas, and a downstream end opening into the lower part of the shell, near the lower end wall thereof, and oriented towards the lower end wall.
Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may have one or more of the following features:
the downstream end of the gasification line opens at a distance from the lower end wall of the housing which is greater than zero millimeters and less than three times the diameter of the gasification line,
the downstream end of the gasification line is provided with a filter which divides the gas flow into several separate jets,
the gasification line passes through the shell from bottom to top via the lower end wall of the shell and is bent in the shell towards the lower end wall,
the tank comprises heating means for heating the gas flow conveyed through the gasification line.
The present invention also relates to a method for gasifying liquefied gas, in particular hydrogen, contained in a tank according to any one of the above or below mentioned features, the tank comprising a sealed casing delimiting a storage volume for liquefied gas between a lower end wall and an upper end, an insulation system arranged around the casing and a set of fluid transfer lines opening into the casing, the set of transfer lines comprising a gasification line comprising an upstream end intended to be connected to a source of heated gas, and a downstream end opening into a lower part of the casing near the lower end wall of the casing and oriented towards the lower end wall, the method comprising the step of injecting heated gas into the casing via the gasification line, the heated gas having a temperature higher than the liquefaction temperature of the liquefied gas.
According to other possible specific features:
maintaining the injecting step until the liquefied gas contained in the housing is completely vaporized and/or until the temperature of the lower end wall of the housing is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the liquefied gas,
the liquefied gas is one of hydrogen, CO, any toxic or combustible gas, and the gasification/heating gas comprises at least one of nitrogen, the same gas as the liquefied gas that has to be gasified, dry air.
The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below mentioned features within the scope of the claims.
Drawings
Further specific features and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following description given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic and partial vertical section illustrating one example of the structure and mode of operation of a tank and method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The illustrated tank for liquefied gas, in particular hydrogen or CO, comprises a sealed housing 2 delimiting a storage volume for liquefied gas.
The tank 1 may be, for example, cylindrical or spherical or have any other shape including a lower end wall and an upper end.
The tank 1 comprises an insulation system 3 arranged around the shell 2. For example a double wall structure 2, 4, with an insulator 3 between the two walls 2, 4.
The tank 1 comprises a set of fluid transfer lines, in particular a gasification line 7, opening into the casing 2/in the casing 2, this gasification line 7 comprising an upstream end intended to be connected to a source of heated gas, and a downstream end opening into the lower part of the casing 2 near the lower end wall of the casing 2 and oriented towards the lower end wall.
Preferably, the downstream end of the gasification line 7 opens at a distance from the lower end wall of the shell 2 of more than zero millimeters and preferably between 0.1mm and three times the diameter of the gasification line 7 entering the shell, for example between 0.2mm and two times the diameter of this line 7. Typically, the maximum distance of the outlet of the gasification line 7 from the lower end wall is between 0.1mm and 10mm, for example between 0.2mm and 6 mm.
Thus, the gasification gas can be injected onto the lower end wall of the shell 2 during its injection.
The temperature of the gasification gas is preferably higher than the gasification temperature of the liquefied gas to be gasified.
As shown, the downstream end of the gasification line 7 may be provided with a filter 5, which divides the gas flow into several separate jets. This makes it possible to divide the gas flow into a maximum number of bubbles at the inlet into the housing 2, thereby increasing the exchange surface between liquid and gas. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of gasification gas required to gasify a volume of liquid.
The gasification line 7 may also coincide with the liquid extraction line in normal operation.
As schematically shown, the gasification gas may be heated at the inlet into the shell 2 (or further upstream, even at source) in order to reduce the amount of gasification gas required to gasify a volume of liquefied gas.
This construction and this mode of operation make it possible to ensure that there is no longer any liquid at the end of the operation.
For example, the operation may be stopped when the (e.g. measured) temperature of the lower end wall of the tank is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the gas to be gasified (the temperature depends on the pressure).
This allows the contents of the canister to be completely vaporized in a relatively short vaporization time.
This solution also allows to optimize the amount of gasification gas used.
This is particularly advantageous in installations where rapid gasification is required, particularly where the tank does not have a liquid discharge in the lower portion.
The invention is applicable to any type of liquefied gas, such as cryogenic gases, in particular hydrogen. Other liquefied gases (CO, etc.) are contemplated.
The gasification gas may be any suitable composition or mixture, in particular selected from: nitrogen, the same gas as must be gasified, dry air (if the gas to be gasified is not combustible).

Claims (7)

1. Liquefied gas tank comprising a sealed casing (2) delimiting a storage volume for liquefied gas between a lower end wall and an upper end, a thermal insulation system (3) provided around the casing (2), and a set of fluid transfer lines into the casing (2), characterized in that the set of fluid transfer lines comprises a gasification line (7) comprising an upstream end intended to be connected to a source of heated gas, and a downstream end opening into a lower part of the casing (2) near the lower end wall of the casing (2) and oriented towards the lower end wall.
2. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 1, wherein a downstream end of the gasification line (7) opens at a distance from a lower end wall of the housing (2) that is greater than zero millimeters and less than three times a diameter of the gasification line (7).
3. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a downstream end of the gasification line (7) is provided with a filter (5) which divides the gas flow into several separate jets.
4. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gasification line (7) passes through the housing (2) via a lower end wall of the housing (2) from bottom to top and is bent in the housing towards the lower end wall.
5. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises heating means (6) for heating the gas flow conveyed through the gasification line (7).
6. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquefied gas is a toxic or combustible gas, and the heating gas is one of nitrogen, the same gas as the liquefied gas that has to be gasified, dry air.
7. The liquefied gas tank according to claim 6, wherein the liquefied gas is one of hydrogen and CO.
CN202223031859.8U 2021-12-21 2022-11-15 Liquefied gas tank Active CN218523406U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2114092A FR3130935A1 (en) 2021-12-21 2021-12-21 Liquefied gas tank and method of vaporization
FR2114092 2021-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN218523406U true CN218523406U (en) 2023-02-24

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FR (1) FR3130935A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2406782A1 (en) * 1977-10-20 1979-05-18 Air Liquide Cryogenic storage system for liquefied gas - uses cooling effect of evaporation of small quantity of liquid to control pressure level in thermally insulated vessel
DE19653048A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Method and device for monitoring the filling of a cryogenic tank
DE102017211157A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Storage tank for a cryogenic medium

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