CN218507722U - Integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis - Google Patents
Integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN218507722U CN218507722U CN202222695647.3U CN202222695647U CN218507722U CN 218507722 U CN218507722 U CN 218507722U CN 202222695647 U CN202222695647 U CN 202222695647U CN 218507722 U CN218507722 U CN 218507722U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an integrated complete sets for oil shale pyrolysis, this equipment connect gradually along the process route and are equipped with dry preheating unit, pyrolysis unit, waste heat recovery unit and cooling unit. By arranging the drying preheating unit and the pyrolysis unit, the drying preheating and pyrolysis reaction of the oil shale are completed in the same rotary cylinder; through setting up waste heat recovery unit and cooling unit, the heat recovery and the cooling of shale waste residue accomplish in same rotatory barrel. The utility model discloses reduced equipment investment, reduced manufacturing cost, energy consumption low, energy efficiency utilization is high, the security is good, waste water waste gas production rate is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil shale pyrolysis system oil, concretely relates to oil shale is dry, pyrolysis, integrative complete sets of cooling.
Background
China is one of countries with abundant oil shale reserves, the total amount of Chinese oil shale resources is the second world, the presently proven oil shale resources with the burial depth of less than 1000 meters reach 7199 hundred million tons, the average oil content is about 6.6 percent, and the oil shale resources are converted into 476 million tons of oil shale oil, which is about 62 percent of the conventional oil resource amount in China. In recent years, with the increasing global oil demand, the international oil price is continuously increased, so that various countries in the world are actively searching for oil substitute resources. The production of shale oil by using oil shale through a pyrolysis technology to replace petroleum resources has become an important alternative, so that the oil shale pyrolysis technology is highly valued by governments and business industries.
Pyrolysis of oil shale, also known as cracking and destructive distillation, is a process in which oil shale is heated to a certain temperature in the absence of oxygen, so that hydrocarbons in the oil shale are thermally decomposed to produce high-quality coal gas and shale oil. The oil shale pyrolysis technology adopted at home and abroad at present mainly comprises the following steps: a vertical furnace pyrolysis technology, a solid heat carrier pyrolysis technology, a dividing wall type pyrolysis technology and the like. The vertical furnace pyrolysis technology equipment has simple structure, less investment and long-period operation, but is not suitable for small-particle oil shale with the particle size of less than 10mm, and has low oil extraction rate, low single-furnace processing capacity (100 t/d) and low heat value of the dry distillation gas. The solid heat carrier pyrolysis technology can be suitable for small-particle oil shale pyrolysis, the oil extraction rate is high, the single furnace treatment capacity is high, but the used equipment structure is complex, and the equipment failure rate is high. The dividing wall type pyrolysis technology mostly adopts a horizontal rotary furnace as pyrolysis equipment, is relatively ideal equipment for oil shale pyrolysis, can be suitable for raw materials with various particle sizes, and has the advantages of high oil extraction rate, high single-furnace processing capacity and simple equipment structure.
At present, the dividing wall type pyrolysis technology is adopted for oil shale pyrolysis in China, independent process technologies of a raw material drying preheater, an oil shale rotary pyrolysis furnace and a shale slag cooler which are connected in series are adopted, in the process technologies, a large number of connecting devices such as a storage bin, a conveyor and the like need to be arranged between the drying preheater and the rotary pyrolysis furnace and between the rotary pyrolysis furnace and the cooler, strict sealing is needed between the devices, and the sealing of high-temperature solids is always a technical difficulty, so that the traditional dividing wall type oil shale pyrolysis technology has the defects of large number of devices, large size, complex arrangement, low process reliability and the like, and the development of the dividing wall type oil shale pyrolysis technology is severely restricted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an integration complete sets for oil shale pyrolysis is proposed has simple structure, energy-efficient, environment-friendly's advantage.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
an integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis is provided with a drying preheating unit, a pyrolysis unit, a waste heat recovery unit and a cooling unit which are connected in sequence along a process route;
the drying and preheating unit and the pyrolysis unit comprise a rotary cylinder I which is horizontally arranged and a fixed jacket which is sleeved outside the rotary cylinder I, and a flue gas channel is formed between the rotary cylinder I and the fixed jacket; the front end of the rotary cylinder body I is provided with a feeding mechanism; the tail end of the rotary cylinder body I is provided with a discharge hole I;
the rotary cylinder body I sequentially comprises a drying preheating section, a pyrolysis section and a heat preservation section along the direction of a process route, a material sealing area is arranged at the boundary of the drying preheating section and the pyrolysis section, the material sealing area is provided with a central inner cylinder with a closed end part and a spiral plate I annularly arranged on the outer side of the central inner cylinder, and the central inner cylinder and the rotary cylinder body I are coaxially arranged; the inside of pyrolysis section and heat preservation section, follow rotatory barrel I's axial is equipped with a plurality of pyrolysis section heating pipes and heat preservation section heating pipe respectively, and the heating pipe is along rotatory barrel I inner wall circumference equipartition, and the heating pipe can set up to the round, also can set up to the multiturn. The distance between the heating pipe and the inner wall of the rotary cylinder I and the distance between adjacent heating pipes are 100-300 mm;
a dry flue gas outlet, a dry flue gas inlet, a pyrolysis flue gas outlet, a pyrolysis flue gas inlet and a heat preservation flue gas outlet are sequentially arranged on the fixed clamping sleeve along the direction of the process route; the dry flue gas inlet and the central inner cylinder are communicated through the communicating pipe; an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolysis section heating pipe are welded on the rotary cylinder I and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas outlet and the pyrolysis flue gas inlet; an inlet and an outlet of the heat preservation section heating pipe are welded on the rotary cylinder body I and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas inlet and the heat preservation flue gas outlet; two flue gas shunts are arranged in the pyrolysis flue gas inlet, and the flue gas shunts are herringbone shunt plates.
The waste heat recovery unit and the cooling unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder II, and a plurality of groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes and cooling heat exchange tubes which are positioned in the rotary cylinder II and arranged in parallel along the axial direction, wherein a feeding mechanism II is arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder II, the feeding mechanism II is directly connected with a discharge port I of the rotary cylinder I, and a discharge port II is arranged at the tail end of the rotary cylinder II;
the rotary cylinder II sequentially comprises a waste heat recovery section and a cooling section along the direction of a process route, the waste heat recovery section is positioned at the front end of the rotary cylinder II, one or more groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes are arranged in the waste heat recovery section, and the waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes are provided with a boiler water inlet and a saturated steam outlet; the cooling section is located at the rear end of the rotary cylinder body II, one or more groups of cooling heat exchange tubes are arranged in the cooling section, and each cooling heat exchange tube is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
Furthermore, a feeding mechanism I arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder body I can adopt a chute, a screw feeder or other feeding devices.
Furthermore, an ash discharge box is communicated with the front end of the rotary cylinder body I, an ash discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the ash discharge box, and a gas outlet is formed in the side wall of the ash discharge box.
Further, with the rear end intercommunication of rotatory barrel I is equipped with ejection of compact case I, the bottom of ejection of compact case I is equipped with discharge gate I, the top of ejection of compact case is equipped with air guide port I.
Further, along the central axial direction of the rotary cylinder I, the proportion of the lengths of the drying preheating section, the pyrolysis section and the heat preservation section to the total length of the rotary cylinder I is approximately: 40-45%, 40-45% and 10-20%.
Further, the external diameter of the central inner cylinder is determined by the internal diameter of the rotary cylinder I and the material height of the drying and preheating section, and specifically comprises the following steps: material height- (inner diameter of the rotary cylinder I-outer diameter of the central inner cylinder)/2 = 100-200 mm.
Furthermore, the pyrolysis section heating pipe and the heat preservation section heating pipe are preferably seamless steel pipes of DN 100-DN 300, the length of the pyrolysis section heating pipe is equal to that of the pyrolysis section of the rotary cylinder I, the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe is equal to that of the heat preservation section of the rotary cylinder I, and the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe can also be shortened under the condition that the heat exchange area requirement is met.
Further, feed mechanism II that rotatory barrel II front end set up, feed mechanism II contain outside fixed cover, a central awl section of thick bamboo and spiral plate II, and the feed inlet setting is on fixed cover, sets up sound between fixed cover and the rotatory barrel II and seals, and a central awl section of thick bamboo passes through spiral plate II welding on rotatory barrel II inner wall, drives under the effect that a central awl section of thick bamboo and spiral plate II are rotatory at rotatory barrel II, promotes inside the material enters into rotatory barrel II.
Further, along the central axial direction of the rotary cylinder II, the ratio of the lengths of the waste heat recovery section and the cooling section to the total length of the rotary cylinder II is approximately: 30 to 50 percent and 70 to 50 percent.
Furthermore, a boiler water inlet and a saturated steam outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube are arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder body II, and the boiler water inlet and the saturated steam outlet are connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube through steam rotary joints. And a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet of the cooling heat exchange tube are arranged at the rear end of the rotary cylinder body II, and the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are connected with the cooling heat exchange tube through a cooling water rotary joint.
Further, with the rear end intercommunication of rotatory barrel II is equipped with ejection of compact case II, ejection of compact case II's bottom is equipped with discharge gate II, ejection of compact case II's top is equipped with air guide port II.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model have following advantage:
(1) Oil shale pyrolysis integration complete sets, connect gradually along the technology route and be equipped with dry preheating unit and pyrolysis unit, waste heat recovery unit and cooling unit, at first, through setting raw materials is dry and pyrolysis unit in the dry preheating unit, oil shale pyrolytic reaction is accomplished in same rotatory barrel, avoids among the prior art because need set up linking equipment specially between drying equipment and pyrolytic reaction equipment, leads to the poor problem of system seal nature, can also effectively reduce the equipment investment simultaneously, has improved the technological reliability.
(2) Oil shale pyrolysis integration complete sets, through setting waste heat recovery unit and cooling unit utilize boiler water and circulative cooling to carry out indirect heat transfer to the shale waste residue, equipment is simple, and the security is good, waste water waste gas productivity is low, in material cooling, has carried out waste heat recovery and has utilized, has improved the whole thermal efficiency of system.
(3) Oil shale pyrolysis integration complete sets, through locating inside two that set up in pyrolysis flue gas import the flue gas shunt, under the effect of flue gas shunt, hot flue gas falls into the triplex after getting into from pyrolysis flue gas import, first part hot flue gas passes through the outside fixed clamp cover of pyrolysis section and is located the pyrolysis section front end pyrolysis exhanst gas outlet removes, and second part hot flue gas passes through pyrolysis section heating pipe is to being located the pyrolysis section front end pyrolysis exhanst gas outlet removes, and third part hot flue gas passes through the outside fixed clamp cover of heat preservation section and heat preservation section heating pipe to being located the heat preservation section rear end heat preservation exhanst gas outlet removes, and first, second part flue gas provides the thermal reaction to oil shale, and third part flue gas provides the heat to oil shale heat preservation to be favorable to improving the productivity of oil shale pyrolysis efficiency and oil gas.
In addition, the flue gas from the pyrolysis flue gas outlet and the heat preservation flue gas outlet is introduced into the drying flue gas inlet, namely the oil shale raw material is dried and preheated by the medium-low temperature flue gas which provides heat for the oil shale pyrolysis reaction, so that the cascade utilization of high-temperature flue gas heat energy is realized, and the system heat efficiency is improved.
(4) The utility model discloses when carrying out the drying to the oil shale raw materials and preheating, can detach slight dust simultaneously, be favorable to follow-up technology operation, ensure that oil shale pyrolysis device can long-term steady operation, effectively solve among the prior art oil shale pyrolysis technology dust and easily cause equipment pipe to block up and follow-up oil gas product dust removal work load big problem.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drying preheating unit and a pyrolysis unit of an integrated complete plant for oil shale pyrolysis;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery unit and a cooling unit of an integrated complete plant for pyrolysis of oil shale;
the reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-ash discharging port, 2-gas outlet, 3-ash discharging box, 4-feeding mechanism I, 5-drying flue gas outlet, 6-rotary cylinder I, 7-fixed jacket, 8-drying preheating section, 9-drying flue gas inlet, 10-spiral plate I, 11-communicating pipe, 12-central inner cylinder, 13-pyrolysis flue gas outlet, 14-pyrolysis section heating pipe, 15-pyrolysis section, 16-pyrolysis flue gas inlet, 17-flue gas splitter, 18-heat preservation section heating pipe, 19-heat preservation section, 20-heat preservation flue gas outlet, 21-gas guide port I, 22-discharging box I, 23-discharging port I, 24-feeding mechanism II, 25-rotary cylinder II, 25-heat exchange coil, 26-waste heat recovery heat exchange pipe, 27-waste heat recovery section, 28-cooling heat exchange pipe, 29-cooling section, 30-gas guide port II, 31-discharging box II, 32-cooling water rotary joint, 33-cooling water inlet, 34-cooling water outlet, 35-discharging port II, 36-spiral plate II, 37-central cone, 38-fixed cone, 38-saturated steam inlet, and 40-saturated water outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, an integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis is mainly composed of a drying preheating unit, a pyrolysis unit, a waste heat recovery unit, a cooling unit and the like.
The drying and preheating unit and the pyrolysis unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder I6 and a fixed jacket 7 sleeved outside the rotary cylinder I6, and a flue gas channel is formed between the rotary cylinder I6 and the fixed jacket 7; the front end of the rotary cylinder body I6 is provided with a feeding mechanism I4; the tail end of the rotary cylinder body I6 is provided with a discharge hole I23;
the rotary cylinder I6 sequentially comprises a drying preheating section 8, a pyrolysis section 15 and a heat preservation section 19 along the process route direction, in this embodiment, along the central axial direction of the rotary cylinder I6, the length of the drying preheating section 8, the length of the pyrolysis section 15 and the length of the heat preservation section 19 in the total length of the rotary cylinder I6 are as follows: 25. 25 and 10 meters.
A material sealing area is arranged at the boundary of the drying and preheating section 8 and the pyrolysis section 15, the material sealing area is provided with a central inner cylinder 12 with a sealed end part and a spiral plate I10 annularly arranged on the outer side of the central inner cylinder 12, and the central inner cylinder 12 and the rotary cylinder I6 are coaxially arranged; in this embodiment: the inner diameter of the rotary cylinder I6 is 4500mm, the height of the materials is 1000mm, the outer diameter of the central inner cylinder 12 is 2800mm, and the height of the bottom end of the central inner cylinder 12 in the vertical direction is 150mm lower than the height of the materials in the rotary cylinder I6, so that the materials form a material seal when passing through the spiral plate I10 to prevent pyrolysis reaction gas from entering the drying and preheating section 8.
In this embodiment: inside the pyrolysis section 15 and the heat preservation section 19, along the axial of rotatory barrel I6 is equipped with 24 pyrolysis section heating pipes 14 and 24 heat preservation section heating pipes 18 respectively, and pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 and heat preservation section heating pipe 18 are along rotatory barrel I6 inner wall circumference equipartition, and the interval between with rotatory barrel I6 inner wall is 163mm. The pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 and the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 are seamless steel pipes of DN250, the length of the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 is approximately equal to that of the pyrolysis section 15 of the rotary cylinder I, and the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 is approximately equal to that of the heat preservation section 18 of the rotary cylinder I.
A dry flue gas outlet 5, a dry flue gas inlet 9, a pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13, a pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and a heat preservation flue gas outlet 20 are sequentially arranged on the fixed jacket 7 along the process route direction; the dry flue gas inlet 9 and the central inner cylinder 12 are communicated through the communicating pipe 11; an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 are welded on the rotary cylinder I6 and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 and the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16; an inlet and an outlet of the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 are welded on the rotary cylinder I6 and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and the heat preservation flue gas outlet 20; two flue gas shunts 17 are arranged inside the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16, and the flue gas shunts 17 are herringbone shunt plates.
Further, in this embodiment, under the action of the flue gas splitter 17, hot flue gas enters from the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and then is divided into three parts, a first part of the hot flue gas moves to the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 located at the front end of the pyrolysis section 15 through the fixed jacket 7 outside the pyrolysis section 15, a second part of the hot flue gas moves to the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 located at the front end of the pyrolysis section 15 through the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14, a third part of the hot flue gas moves to the heat preservation flue gas outlet 20 located at the rear end of the heat preservation section 19 through the fixed jacket 7 outside the heat preservation section 19 and the heat preservation section heating pipe 18, the first part of the flue gas and the second part of the flue gas provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the oil shale, and the third part of the flue gas provides heat for the heat preservation of the oil shale, thereby being beneficial to improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the oil shale and the yield of oil gas.
The waste heat recovery unit and the cooling unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder II25, and a plurality of groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 26 and cooling heat exchange tubes 28 which are positioned in the rotary cylinder II25 and are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, wherein a feeding mechanism II24 is arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder II25, the feeding mechanism II24 is directly connected with a discharge port I23 of the rotary cylinder I6, and a discharge port II35 is arranged at the tail end of the rotary cylinder II 25;
the rotary cylinder II25 sequentially comprises a waste heat recovery section 27 and a cooling section 29 along the direction of a process route, the waste heat recovery section 27 is positioned at the front end of the rotary cylinder II25, one or more groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 26 are arranged in the waste heat recovery section 27, and the group of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 25 are provided with a boiler water inlet 41 and a saturated steam outlet 40; the cooling section 29 is located at the rear end of the rotary cylinder II25, one or more groups of cooling heat exchange tubes 28 are arranged in the cooling section, and the group of cooling heat exchange tubes 28 are provided with a cooling water inlet 33 and a cooling water outlet 34.
Rotatory barrel II25 front end sets up feed mechanism II24, feed mechanism II24 contains outside fixed cover 38, a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 and spiral plate II36, feed mechanism II24 sets up on fixed cover 38, it is sealed to set up the sound between fixed cover 38 and the rotatory barrel II25, a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 passes through spiral plate II36 welding on rotatory barrel II25 inner wall, under rotatory barrel II25 drives the effect of a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 and spiral plate II36 rotation, it enters into inside the rotatory barrel II25 to promote the material.
Along the central axial direction of the rotary drum II25, the ratio of the lengths of the waste heat recovery section 27 and the cooling section 29 to the total length of the rotary drum II25 is approximately: 30% and 70%.
The oil shale pyrolysis integrated process of the oil shale pyrolysis integrated complete equipment based on the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) The oil shale raw material enters the drying and preheating unit, and is dried and preheated by utilizing hot flue gas in the drying and preheating section (8) in a combined mode of indirect heating and direct heating, so that the water content of the oil shale raw material is reduced to below 0.5%, and the temperature is preheated to about 200 ℃; when carrying out dry preheating to the oil shale raw materials, take away and blow in with material direct contact's flue gas slight dust in with the oil shale raw materials deashing case 3 unifies and collects, has ensured that the coal pyrolysis reaction can long-term steady operation, effectively avoids the dust easily to cause equipment pipeline to block up and follow-up oil gas product dust removal work load is big problem.
(2) The dried and preheated oil shale enters the pyrolysis unit, the oil shale is heated to about 550 ℃ in a counter-flow indirect heating mode by using hot flue gas in the pyrolysis section 15, the oil shale is heated to react to generate oil gas and shale waste residues, the oil shale enters the heat preservation section 19 and then is heated in a parallel flow mode by using the hot flue gas, and the oil gas in the oil shale is separated out as much as possible after heat preservation for a period of time; and the oil gas is guided from a top gas guide port I21 of the discharge box I22 and enters a subsequent oil gas treatment system.
(3) The shale waste residue of 550 ℃ or so that the pyrolysis back produces gets into waste heat recovery unit lets in boiler water in waste heat recovery heat exchange tube 26 of waste heat recovery section and carries out the heat transfer to the shale waste residue, and the shale waste residue temperature after the heat transfer drops to about 300 ℃, and boiler water after the heat transfer has generated saturated steam, utilizes steam production to realize the thermal waste heat recovery of shale waste residue.
(4) The shale waste residue after the heat recovery enters the cooling unit, circulating cooling water is introduced into a cooling heat exchange tube 28 of the cooling section to exchange heat with the shale waste residue, and the temperature of the shale waste residue after heat exchange is reduced to be lower than 80 ℃, so that the shale waste residue is cooled.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1, and a drying preheating unit, a pyrolysis unit, a waste heat recovery unit and a cooling unit are sequentially connected and arranged along a process route.
The drying and preheating unit and the pyrolysis unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder I6 and a fixed jacket 7 sleeved outside the rotary cylinder I6, and a flue gas channel is formed between the rotary cylinder I6 and the fixed jacket 7; the front end of the rotary cylinder I6 is provided with a feeding mechanism 4; the tail end of the rotary cylinder body I6 is provided with a discharge hole I23; in a preferred embodiment, in the present embodiment, the feeding mechanism I4 is disposed at the front end of the rotary cylinder I6, and the feeding mechanism I4 is in a chute type. And an ash discharge box 3 is communicated with the front end of the rotary cylinder I6, an ash discharge port 1 is arranged at the bottom of the ash discharge box 3, and a gas outlet 2 is arranged on the side wall of the ash discharge box 3. With the rear end intercommunication of rotatory barrel I6 is equipped with out workbin I22, the bottom of going out workbin I22 is equipped with discharge gate I23, the top of going out the workbin is equipped with air guide port I21.
The rotary cylinder I6 sequentially comprises a drying preheating section 8, a pyrolysis section 15 and a heat preservation section 19 along the process route direction, in this embodiment, along the central axial direction of the rotary cylinder I6, the length of the drying preheating section 8, the length of the pyrolysis section 15 and the length of the heat preservation section 19 account for the total length of the rotary cylinder I6 by approximately the following ratio: 44%, 44% and 12%.
A material sealing area is arranged at the boundary of the drying and preheating section 8 and the pyrolysis section 15, the material sealing area is provided with a central inner cylinder 12 with a sealed end part and a spiral plate I10 annularly arranged on the outer side of the central inner cylinder 12, and the central inner cylinder 12 and the rotary cylinder I6 are coaxially arranged; in this embodiment: the outer diameter of the central inner cylinder 12 is determined by the inner diameter of the rotary cylinder I6 and the material height of the drying and preheating section 8, and specifically comprises the following steps: material height- (inner diameter of rotary cylinder I-outer diameter of central inner cylinder)/2 =100mm to ensure that the height of the bottom end of the central inner cylinder 12 in the vertical direction is lower than the height of the material in the rotary cylinder I6, so that the material forms a material seal when passing through the spiral plate I10 to prevent pyrolysis reaction gas from entering the drying and preheating section 8.
24 pyrolysis section heating pipes 14 and 24 heat preservation section heating pipes 18 are respectively arranged in the pyrolysis section 15 and the heat preservation section 19 along the axial direction of the rotary cylinder I6, the pyrolysis section heating pipes 14 and the heat preservation section heating pipes 18 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the rotary cylinder I6, and the distance between the pyrolysis section heating pipes and the inner wall of the rotary cylinder I6 is 100-300 mm. The pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 and the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 are seamless steel pipes of DN200, the length of the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 is approximately equal to that of the pyrolysis section 15 of the rotary cylinder I, and the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 is approximately equal to that of the heat preservation section 18 of the rotary cylinder I.
A dry flue gas outlet 5, a dry flue gas inlet 9, a pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13, a pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and a heat preservation flue gas outlet 20 are sequentially arranged on the fixed jacket 7 along the process route direction; the dry flue gas inlet 9 and the central inner cylinder 12 are communicated through the communicating pipe 11; an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14 are welded on the rotary cylinder I6 and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 and the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16; an inlet and an outlet of the heat preservation section heating pipe 18 are welded on the rotary cylinder I6 and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and the heat preservation flue gas outlet 20; two flue gas shunts 17 are arranged inside the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16, and the flue gas shunts 17 are herringbone shunt plates.
Further, in this embodiment, under the action of the flue gas splitter 17, hot flue gas enters from the pyrolysis flue gas inlet 16 and then is divided into three parts, a first part of the hot flue gas moves to the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 located at the front end of the pyrolysis section 15 through the fixed jacket 7 outside the pyrolysis section 15, a second part of the hot flue gas moves to the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 located at the front end of the pyrolysis section 15 through the pyrolysis section heating pipe 14, a third part of the hot flue gas moves to the heat preservation flue gas outlet 20 located at the rear end of the heat preservation section 19 through the fixed jacket 7 outside the heat preservation section 19 and the heat preservation section heating pipe 18, the first part of the flue gas and the second part of the flue gas provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the oil shale, and the third part of the flue gas provides heat for the heat preservation of the oil shale, thereby being beneficial to improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the oil shale and the yield of oil gas.
Further, in this embodiment, the flue gas coming out of the pyrolysis flue gas outlet 13 and the heat preservation flue gas outlet 20 is introduced into the dry flue gas inlet 9, that is, the medium-low temperature flue gas which provides heat for the oil shale pyrolysis reaction is used to dry and preheat the oil shale raw material, so that the cascade utilization of high-temperature flue gas heat energy is realized, and the system thermal efficiency is improved.
The waste heat recovery unit and the cooling unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder II25, and a plurality of groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 26 and cooling heat exchange tubes 28 which are positioned in the rotary cylinder II25 and are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, wherein a feeding mechanism II24 is arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder II25, the feeding mechanism II24 is directly connected with a discharge port I23 of the rotary cylinder I6, and a discharge port II35 is arranged at the tail end of the rotary cylinder II 25;
the rotary cylinder II25 sequentially comprises a waste heat recovery section 27 and a cooling section 29 along the direction of a process route, the waste heat recovery section 27 is positioned at the front end of the rotary cylinder II25, one or more groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 26 are arranged in the waste heat recovery section 27, and the group of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes 25 are provided with a boiler water inlet 41 and a saturated steam outlet 40; the cooling section 29 is located at the rear end of the rotary cylinder II25, one or more groups of cooling heat exchange tubes 28 are arranged in the cooling section, and the group of cooling heat exchange tubes 28 are provided with a cooling water inlet 33 and a cooling water outlet 34.
Rotatory barrel II25 front end sets up feed mechanism II24, feed mechanism II24 contains outside fixed cover 38, a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 and spiral plate II36, feed mechanism II24 sets up on fixed cover 38, it is sealed to set up the sound between fixed cover 38 and the rotatory barrel II25, a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 passes through spiral plate II36 welding on rotatory barrel II25 inner wall, under rotatory barrel II25 drives the effect of a central awl section of thick bamboo 37 and spiral plate II36 rotation, it enters into inside the rotatory barrel II25 to promote the material.
Along the central axial direction of the rotary drum II25, the ratio of the lengths of the waste heat recovery section 27 and the cooling section 29 to the total length of the rotary drum II25 is approximately: 30% and 70%.
Further, a boiler water inlet 41 and a saturated steam outlet 40 of the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube 26 are arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder II25, and the boiler water inlet 41 and the saturated steam outlet 40 are connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube 26 through a steam rotary joint 39.
Further, a cooling water inlet 33 and a cooling water outlet 34 of the cooling heat exchange pipe 28 are arranged at the rear end of the rotary cylinder II25, and the cooling water inlet 33 and the cooling water outlet 34 are connected with the cooling heat exchange pipe 28 through a cooling water rotary joint 32.
Further, with the rear end intercommunication of rotatory barrel II25 is equipped with ejection of compact case II31, the bottom of ejection of compact case II31 is equipped with discharge gate II35, the top of ejection of compact case II31 is equipped with leads gas port II30.
The oil shale pyrolysis integrated process of the oil shale pyrolysis integrated complete equipment based on the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) The oil shale raw material enters the drying preheating unit through the feeding mechanism I4, and is dried and preheated in the drying preheating section 8 by utilizing hot flue gas through a combination mode of indirect heating and direct heating, so that the water content of the oil shale raw material is reduced to below 0.5 percent, and the temperature is preheated to about 200 ℃; when carrying out dry preheating to the oil shale raw materials, take away and blow in with material direct contact's flue gas slight dust in with the oil shale raw materials deashing case 3 unifies and collects, has ensured that the coal pyrolysis reaction can long-term steady operation, effectively avoids the dust easily to cause equipment pipeline to block up and follow-up oil gas product dust removal work load is big problem.
(2) The dried and preheated oil shale enters the pyrolysis unit, the oil shale is heated to about 550 ℃ by counter-flow indirect heating by hot flue gas in the pyrolysis section (15), oil gas and shale waste residue are generated by reaction, the oil shale enters the heat preservation section 19 and then is heated by the hot flue gas in a parallel flow manner, and the oil gas in the oil shale is separated out as much as possible after heat preservation for a period of time; and the oil gas is guided from a top gas guide port I21 of the discharge box I22 and enters a subsequent oil gas treatment system.
(3) Shale waste residue of 550 ℃ that produces after the pyrolysis gets into waste heat recovery unit lets in boiler water in waste heat recovery heat exchange tube 26 and carries out the heat transfer to shale waste residue, and the shale waste residue temperature after the heat transfer drops to about 300 ℃, and boiler water after the heat transfer has generated saturated steam, utilizes to produce steam and has realized the thermal waste heat recovery utilization of shale waste residue.
(4) The shale waste residue after the heat recovery gets into cooling unit lets in recirculated cooling water in cooling heat exchange tube (28) and carries out the heat transfer to the shale waste residue, and the shale waste residue temperature after the heat transfer falls to below 80 ℃ to realized the cooling to the shale waste residue, the shale waste residue after the cooling is derived from discharge gate II 35.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis is characterized in that a drying preheating unit, a pyrolysis unit, a waste heat recovery unit and a cooling unit are sequentially connected along a process route;
the drying and preheating unit and the pyrolysis unit comprise a rotary cylinder I which is horizontally arranged and a fixed jacket which is sleeved outside the rotary cylinder I, and a flue gas channel is formed between the rotary cylinder I and the fixed jacket; the front end of the rotary cylinder body I is provided with a feeding mechanism I; the tail end of the rotary cylinder body I is provided with a discharge hole I;
the rotary cylinder body I sequentially comprises a drying preheating section, a pyrolysis section and a heat preservation section along the direction of a process route, a material sealing area is arranged at the boundary of the drying preheating section and the pyrolysis section, the material sealing area is provided with a central inner cylinder with a closed end part and a spiral plate I annularly arranged on the outer side of the central inner cylinder, and the central inner cylinder and the rotary cylinder body I are coaxially arranged; a plurality of pyrolysis section heating pipes and heat preservation section heating pipes are respectively arranged in the pyrolysis section and the heat preservation section along the axial direction of the rotary cylinder body I, the heating pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the rotary cylinder body I, and the heating pipes can be arranged in one circle or multiple circles;
a dry flue gas outlet, a dry flue gas inlet, a pyrolysis flue gas outlet, a pyrolysis flue gas inlet and a heat preservation flue gas outlet are sequentially arranged on the fixed clamping sleeve along the direction of the process route; the dry flue gas inlet is communicated with the central inner cylinder through a communicating pipe; an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolysis section heating pipe are welded on the rotary cylinder I and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas outlet and the pyrolysis flue gas inlet; an inlet and an outlet of the heat preservation section heating pipe are welded on the rotary cylinder body I and are communicated with the pyrolysis flue gas inlet and the heat preservation flue gas outlet; two flue gas shunts are arranged in the pyrolysis flue gas inlet, and the flue gas shunts are herringbone shunt plates;
the waste heat recovery unit and the cooling unit comprise a horizontally-arranged rotary cylinder II, and a plurality of groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes and cooling heat exchange tubes which are positioned in the rotary cylinder II and arranged in parallel along the axial direction, wherein a feeding mechanism II is arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder II, the feeding mechanism II is directly connected with a discharge port I of the rotary cylinder I, and a discharge port II is arranged at the tail end of the rotary cylinder II;
the rotary barrel body II sequentially comprises a waste heat recovery section and a cooling section along the direction of a process route, the waste heat recovery section is positioned at the front end of the rotary barrel body II, one or more groups of waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes are arranged in the waste heat recovery section, and the waste heat recovery heat exchange tubes are provided with a boiler water inlet and a saturated steam outlet; the cooling section is located at the rear end of the rotary cylinder body II, one or more groups of cooling heat exchange tubes are arranged in the cooling section, and each cooling heat exchange tube is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet.
2. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein an ash discharge box is arranged in communication with the front end of the rotary cylinder body I, an ash discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the ash discharge box, and a gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the ash discharge box.
3. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein a discharge box I is arranged in communication with the rear end of the rotary cylinder body I, a discharge port I is arranged at the bottom of the discharge box I, and an air guide port I is arranged at the top of the discharge box I.
4. The integrated plant for the pyrolysis of oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein along the central axial direction of the rotary drum body I, the ratio of the lengths of the drying preheating section, the pyrolysis section and the heat preservation section to the total length of the rotary drum body I is: 40-45%, 40-45% and 10-20%.
5. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the central inner cylinder is determined by the inner diameter of the rotary cylinder body I and the material height of the drying and preheating section, and specifically comprises: material height- (inner diameter of the rotary cylinder I-outer diameter of the central inner cylinder)/2 = 100-200 mm.
6. The integrated plant for the pyrolysis of oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis section heating pipe and the holding section heating pipe are seamless steel pipes of DN 100-DN 300, and the length of the pyrolysis section heating pipe is equal to that of the pyrolysis section of the rotary cylinder body I; the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe is equal to that of the heat preservation section of the rotary cylinder body I, and the length of the heat preservation section heating pipe can also be shortened under the condition that the heat exchange area requirement is met.
7. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism II is arranged at the front end of the rotating cylinder II, the feeding mechanism II comprises an external fixed cover, a central conical cylinder and a spiral plate II, the feeding port is arranged on the fixed cover, a dynamic and static seal is arranged between the fixed cover and the rotating cylinder II, the central conical cylinder is welded on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder II through the spiral plate II, and the material is pushed into the rotating cylinder II under the action of the rotating cylinder II driving the central conical cylinder and the spiral plate II to rotate.
8. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein along the central axial direction of the rotary cylinder II, the ratio of the lengths of the waste heat recovery section and the cooling section to the total length of the rotary cylinder II is as follows: 30 to 50 percent and 70 to 50 percent.
9. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein a boiler water inlet and a saturated steam outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube are arranged at the front end of the rotary cylinder body II, the boiler water inlet and the saturated steam outlet are connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchange tube through steam rotary joints, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet of the cooling heat exchange tube are arranged at the rear end of the rotary cylinder body II, and the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are connected with the cooling heat exchange tube through cooling water rotary joints.
10. The integrated complete equipment for the pyrolysis of the oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein a discharge box II is communicated with the rear end of the rotary cylinder body II, a discharge port II is arranged at the bottom of the discharge box II, and a gas guide port II is arranged at the top of the discharge box II.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222695647.3U CN218507722U (en) | 2022-10-13 | 2022-10-13 | Integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222695647.3U CN218507722U (en) | 2022-10-13 | 2022-10-13 | Integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218507722U true CN218507722U (en) | 2023-02-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222695647.3U Active CN218507722U (en) | 2022-10-13 | 2022-10-13 | Integrated complete equipment for oil shale pyrolysis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218507722U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-10-13 CN CN202222695647.3U patent/CN218507722U/en active Active
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