CN218497687U - Wind turbine generator system analogue means that drifts - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a wind turbine generator system analogue means that drifts, the device includes: the wind speed measuring sensor and the wind direction measuring sensor are both arranged at high places outdoors and are respectively used for measuring wind speed and wind direction; the yaw position encoder and the limit switch are arranged near the yaw gear ring, the yaw position encoder is used for measuring the position angle of the cabin, and the limit switch is used for enabling the cabin to rotate in the limit angle range; the operation panel is arranged on the door panel of the control cabinet and used for receiving operation instructions; the control unit is arranged in the control cabinet and used for controlling the start and stop of the yaw motor through the driving unit arranged in the control cabinet based on the operation instruction, the wind speed, the wind direction, the position angle of the engine room and the limit angle range under the control mode corresponding to the operation instruction; and the yaw motor controls the rotation of the engine room through a yaw rolling bearing, a pinion and a yaw gear ring so as to realize yaw simulation. The method and the device can simulate the actual running state of the wind turbine yaw device and can be used for teaching and training.

Description

Wind turbine generator system analogue means that drifts

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a yaw simulation device of a wind turbine generator.

Background

Wind energy is a clean renewable energy source, and the abundance of the wind energy is huge, so that the wind power generation industry in the world is in rapid development. Currently, the mainstream MW-grade wind power generation equipment is a wind power generation unit with a horizontal shaft structure, and an impeller of the current MW-grade wind power generation equipment needs to be kept towards the incoming wind direction as much as possible so as to obtain the maximum wind energy absorption. The yaw mechanism is arranged at the top of a tower of the wind turbine generator and below a machine base of the engine room and driven by a motor, so that the engine room can rotate in the 360-degree direction.

Since the wind is constantly changing and unpredictable, the yaw mechanism cannot always align the nacelle exactly with the wind direction, but only as much as possible, which results in dynamic changes in the wind effect of the yaw, which needs to be observed and constantly improved, and therefore, the yaw action needs to be simulated and tested.

In practice, the yaw action is simulated and tested mainly by means of software simulation, and the yaw action, the wind condition and the executing mechanism are simulated in a software simulation mode, so that the simulation result is different from the actual running state of the yaw device, the actual situation cannot be completely simulated, and the yaw device cannot be used for teaching and training.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, an object of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a wind turbine yaw simulation apparatus, which can simulate an actual operation state of the wind turbine yaw simulation apparatus and can be used for teaching and training.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wind turbine yaw simulation apparatus, the apparatus includes: the wind speed measuring device comprises a wind speed measuring sensor, a wind direction measuring sensor, a yaw position encoder, a limit switch, an operation panel, a control unit, a driving unit, a yaw motor and a cabin;

the wind speed measuring sensor and the wind direction measuring sensor are both arranged at high places outdoors and are respectively used for measuring wind speed and wind direction;

the yaw position encoder and the limit switch are arranged near a yaw gear ring, wherein the yaw position encoder is used for measuring the position angle of the cabin, and the limit switch is used for enabling the cabin to rotate in a limit angle range;

the operation panel is arranged on the control cabinet door plate and used for receiving an operation instruction input by a user;

the control unit is installed in the control cabinet and used for judging whether the starting condition or the stopping condition of the yaw motor is met currently or not according to the operation instruction, the wind speed, the wind direction, the position angle of the cabin and the limit angle range in a control mode corresponding to the operation instruction; if the starting condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to start through the driving unit arranged in the control cabinet; if the shutdown condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to stop through the driving unit;

the yaw motor controls the rotation of the engine room through a yaw rolling bearing, a pinion and the yaw gear ring so as to realize yaw simulation.

In a possible embodiment, the driving unit includes a switch, a contactor, a frequency converter, and a soft starter, and the start and stop of the yaw motor are controlled by selectively using any one of three modes of the contactor, the frequency converter, and the soft starter through switching operation of the switch.

In a possible embodiment, the device further comprises a yaw motor reducer connected to the yaw motor, and configured to reduce the rotation speed of the yaw motor, so that the reduced rotation speed meets the yaw speed requirement.

In a possible implementation manner, the device further comprises a base, and the base is used for supporting the main body of the wind turbine yaw simulation device.

In one possible embodiment, the yaw rolling bearing is composed of an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling body, and a cage.

In a possible embodiment, the control mode of the control unit comprises manual control and automatic control.

In a possible embodiment, if the control mode of the control unit is manual control, the control unit controls the yaw motor to start and stop by:

determining a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the yaw motor or a downtime of the yaw motor based on the operation command;

and if the position angle of the cabin exceeds the limit angle range, controlling the yaw motor to stop through the driving unit.

In a possible embodiment, if the control mode of the control unit is automatic control, the control unit controls the yaw motor to start and stop by:

and if the wind speed is within a starting speed range and/or the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the cabin is within a starting angle range, and the position angle of the cabin is within the limit angle range, determining that the starting condition of the yaw motor is currently met, otherwise, determining that the stopping condition of the yaw motor is currently met.

The wind turbine yaw simulation device provided by the embodiment of the application can simulate the actual running state of the wind turbine yaw device and can be used for teaching and training.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanical structure of a yaw simulation apparatus of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electrical control part of a wind turbine yaw simulation device provided by an embodiment of the application;

fig. 3 shows a schematic switching diagram of a driving unit of a yaw simulation device of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Wind energy is a clean renewable energy source, and the abundance of the wind energy is huge, so that the wind power generation industry in the world is in rapid development. Currently, the mainstream MW-grade wind power generation equipment is a wind power generation unit with a horizontal shaft structure, and an impeller of the wind power generation unit needs to be kept towards the incoming wind direction as much as possible so as to obtain the maximum wind energy absorption. The yaw mechanism is arranged at the top of a tower of the wind turbine generator and below a machine base of the engine room and driven by a motor, so that the engine room can rotate in the 360-degree direction.

Since the wind is constantly changing and unpredictable, the yaw mechanism cannot always align the nacelle exactly with the wind direction, but only as much as possible, which results in dynamic changes in the wind effect of the yaw, which needs to be observed and constantly improved, and therefore, the yaw action needs to be simulated and tested. In practice, the yaw action is simulated and tested mainly by means of software simulation, and the yaw action, the wind condition and the executing mechanism are simulated in a software simulation mode, so that the simulation result is different from the actual running state of the yaw device, the actual condition cannot be completely simulated, and the yaw device cannot be used for teaching and training.

Based on the above problem, the embodiment of the application provides a wind turbine yaw simulating device, which can simulate the actual running state of the wind turbine yaw simulating device and can be used for teaching and training.

The above-mentioned drawbacks are the results of the inventor after practice and careful study, and therefore, the discovery process of the above-mentioned problems and the solutions proposed by the present application in the following description should be the contributions of the inventor to the present application in the process of the present application.

The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a wind turbine yaw simulation apparatus disclosed in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail first.

The embodiment of the application provides a wind turbine generator system analogue means that drifts, the device includes: the wind speed measuring device comprises a wind speed measuring sensor, a wind direction measuring sensor, a yaw position encoder, a limit switch, an operation panel, a control unit, a driving unit, a yaw motor and a cabin.

The wind speed measuring sensor and the wind direction measuring sensor are both installed at high places outdoors and are respectively used for measuring wind speed and wind direction.

The yaw position encoder and the limit switch are arranged near a yaw gear ring, wherein the yaw position encoder is used for measuring the position angle of the cabin, and the limit switch is used for enabling the cabin to rotate in a limit angle range.

The operation panel is installed on the control cabinet door plate and used for receiving operation instructions input by a user.

The control unit is installed in the control cabinet and used for judging whether the starting condition or the stopping condition of the yaw motor is met currently or not according to the operation instruction, the wind speed, the wind direction, the position angle of the cabin and the limit angle range in a control mode corresponding to the operation instruction; if the starting condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to start through the driving unit arranged in the control cabinet; and if the stopping condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to stop through the driving unit.

The yaw motor controls the rotation of the engine room through a yaw rolling bearing, a pinion and the yaw gear ring so as to realize yaw simulation.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a yaw motor speed reducer connected with the yaw motor and used for reducing the rotating speed of the yaw motor so that the reduced rotating speed meets the yaw speed requirement.

Further, the device also comprises a base, wherein the base is used for supporting the main body of the wind turbine generator yaw simulation device.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mechanical structure of a yaw simulation device of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in fig. 1, 1 is a base, 2 is a yaw rolling bearing, 3 is a yaw gear ring, 4 is a yaw motor, 5 is a yaw motor reducer, 6 is a yaw position encoder, and 7 is a limit switch.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of an electrical control portion of a yaw simulation apparatus of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the electrical control portion includes an input component, a control unit, a driving unit, and a motor (i.e., a yaw motor, which generally uses a plurality of yaw motors to drive a nacelle to rotate together, for example, the yaw motor includes a motor 1, a motor 2, and a motor 3 … …). Wherein the input part includes: the wind speed measuring device comprises a wind speed measuring sensor for measuring wind speed, a wind direction measuring sensor for measuring wind direction, a yaw position encoder for measuring a yaw position, a limit switch and an operation panel.

The embodiment of the application provides a wind turbine generator system driftage analogue means, be used for simulating the running state of wind turbine generator system driftage device in the reality, in order to make driftage analogue means restore the running state of the device of actually deflecting as far as possible, install wind speed measurement sensor and wind direction measurement sensor at outdoor eminence, for example, install in open air roof department, use wind speed measurement sensor to measure real-time wind speed, use wind direction measurement sensor to measure real-time wind direction, and, wind speed measurement sensor sends the wind speed that measures to the control unit, and is the same, wind direction measurement sensor sends the wind direction that measures to the control unit, so that the control unit stops to open and stop the yaw motor based on true wind speed, risk.

The yaw position encoder is a part of the mechanical structure of the yaw simulation device and is arranged near the yaw gear ring for measuring the yaw position of the nacelle, in particular for measuring the position angle of the nacelle. In practice, when the plane that the wind turbine generator system blade rotation formed is perpendicular with the wind direction, the efficiency that wind energy converted the electric energy is the highest, and the wind direction is real-time change, and the cabin drives the blade rotation, through the angle of adjustment cabin, and then makes the planar direction that the blade rotation formed also change, if through the adjustment to the cabin angle, the plane that makes the blade rotation form remains perpendicular with the wind direction all the time, so wind energy utilization is the highest. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the yaw position of the nacelle in real time, preset a reference plane, and determine the angle between the plane formed by the rotation of the blades and the reference plane as the position angle of the nacelle, and optionally, use the plane formed by the rotation of the blades when the nacelle is installed as the reference plane. And after the position angle of the cabin is obtained, judging whether yaw operation is performed or not by comparing the position angle with the wind direction, and if the yaw operation is performed, rotating the cabin until a plane formed by the rotation of the blades is vertical to the wind direction.

The limit switch is a part of a mechanical structure of the yawing simulation device, is arranged near a yawing gear ring and is used for simulating the cable distortion limit of an actual wind turbine generator set, simulating the rotatable angle range of the engine room, and enabling the engine room to only yaw in the opposite direction after reaching the limit position. For example, the nacelle may be rotated within an angular range of ± 100 °, and at this time, the nacelle may be yawed clockwise to 100 ° and counterclockwise to 100 ° from the nacelle installation position, and may be yawed only counterclockwise when yawed clockwise to 100 °. The angular range in which the nacelle can be rotated is referred to as the extreme angular range.

The yaw simulation device is correspondingly provided with a control cabinet, an operation panel is installed on a door plate of the control cabinet, and a control unit and a driving unit are installed in the control cabinet. And man-machine interaction is realized by using the operation panel, and a user inputs an operation instruction by using the operation panel. Specifically, the user can select manual control or automatic control by inputting a corresponding operation instruction on the operation panel.

If the control mode corresponding to the operation instruction input by the user is manual control, the operation panel displays the limit angle range, the current wind speed, the current wind direction and the current position angle of the cabin, the user inputs the rotating direction and the rotating angle of the cabin through the operation panel by taking the 4 parameters as reference, the control unit outputs the output of the control unit to the driving unit after receiving the rotating direction and the rotating angle input by the user, and the driving unit controls the yaw motor to start and enables the cabin to rotate to the input rotating direction by the input rotating angle. At this time, the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the nacelle are completely manually controlled. However, when the nacelle reaches the limit position, the control unit automatically stops the yaw motor through the driving unit, and the specific judgment process of the control unit is as follows: and judging whether the current position angle of the nacelle exceeds a limit angle range, and if so, automatically controlling the yaw motor to stop (at the moment, taking a plane formed by the rotation of the blades when the nacelle is installed as a reference plane). For example, the current position angle of the cabin is judged to exceed the range of +/-100 degrees, and at the moment, the current position angle of the cabin exceeds the cable distortion limit of the wind turbine generator, so that the yaw motor is automatically controlled to stop. In addition, after receiving an operation instruction corresponding to stop input by a user, the control unit determines the stop time of the yaw motor at the moment and stops the yaw motor through the driving unit.

If the control mode corresponding to the operation instruction input by the user is automatic control, a starting condition and a stopping condition are preset in the control unit, wherein the starting condition is as follows: the wind speed is within the starting speed range and/or the difference angle of the wind direction and the position angle of the nacelle is within the starting angle range and the position angle of the nacelle is within the limit angle range. Specifically, there are 3 corresponding start conditions, which are, respectively, start condition 1: the wind speed is in a starting speed range, and the position angle of the engine room is in a limit angle range; starting condition 2: the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the engine room is within the starting angle range, and the position angle of the engine room is within the limit angle range; starting conditions 3: the wind speed is within the starting speed range, the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the nacelle is within the starting angle range, and the position angle of the nacelle is within the limit angle range. The shutdown conditions were: the wind speed is outside the starting speed range and the difference angle of the wind direction and the position angle of the nacelle is outside the starting angle range, or the position angle of the nacelle is outside the limit angle range.

Wherein the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the nacelle is determined as follows: firstly, an included angle alpha 1 between the wind direction and a reference plane is determined, the included angle between a plane formed by the rotation of the blades and the reference plane is alpha 2 (the position angle of the engine room), and the value of alpha 1-alpha 2 is determined as the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the engine room.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic switching diagram of a driving unit of a yaw simulation apparatus of a wind turbine generator, where the driving unit is a driving device of a yaw motor, a driving unit includes a contactor, a frequency converter, and a soft starter, and a user can select any driving unit to control starting and stopping of the yaw motor through a switching operation applied to a switch by the user. Wherein the contactor enables the yaw motor to run at a rated rotating speed; the frequency converter enables the yaw motor to operate at a preset rotating speed, and the preset rotating speed can be set according to actual requirements; the soft starter makes the yaw motor accelerate to rated revolution gradually from the quiescent condition to continuously with rated revolution operation, compare in the contactor, the soft starter can not let the yaw motor accelerate to rated revolution in the twinkling of an eye, has an acceleration process.

The wind turbine generator system driftage analogue means of this application embodiment can adopt 3 kinds of different drive assembly, realizes 3 kinds of yaw motor's drive methods, contrast 3 kinds of drive methods's difference to make the training personnel of joining feel the goodness that receives 3 kinds of drive methods directly perceivedly through driftage analogue means's use, improve training efficiency.

In practice, the rotating speed of the asynchronous motor is relatively high and can reach 1500 rpm, but the rotating speed of the motor required by the yaw device is relatively low, and in order to make the rotating speed of the yaw motor meet the yaw speed requirement, a yaw motor reducer is connected to the yaw motor, so as to reduce the rotating speed of the yaw motor, for example, the rotating speed of the yaw motor is reduced to 15 rpm by adopting a yaw motor reducer of 100.

The yaw motor controls the rotation of the engine room through a yaw rolling bearing, a pinion and a yaw gear ring, wherein the yaw rolling bearing has the main functions of supporting a mechanical rotating body (the engine room of the head), reducing the friction coefficient in the movement process of the mechanical rotating body and ensuring the rotation precision of the mechanical rotating body, and consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling body and a retainer; the pinion and the yaw gear ring convert the rotary motion of the yaw motor into the rotary motion of the mechanical rotary body.

The base in fig. 1 is used for supporting a main body of the yaw simulation device of the wind turbine generator, and the main body of the yaw simulation device is a mechanical structure of the yaw simulation device of the wind turbine generator except for the base.

During practical application, the wind turbine generator yaw simulation device needs to be arranged in a closed workshop, the bearing of a workshop terrace needs to meet the installation requirement of the device, and a site needs to meet the requirement of 360 degrees of yaw. The external power supply of the wind turbine yaw simulation device is 400V in a five-wire system. After a main body, a control cabinet, a wind speed measuring sensor and a wind direction measuring sensor of the wind turbine generator yaw simulation device are installed, wiring connection of power lines is needed, then software loading and power-on debugging are carried out, and simulation test work can be carried out after function debugging is normal.

The yaw simulation device of the wind turbine generator, provided by the embodiment of the application, can simulate the running state of the yaw simulation device of the wind turbine generator, the yaw motor drives the solid cabin, and a yaw component in the wind turbine generator is independent for simulation; measuring real-time wind speed and wind direction by using a wind speed measuring sensor and a wind direction measuring sensor, and carrying out yaw simulation based on real-time wind conditions to enable a yaw simulation device to be closer to an actual yaw device; the yaw simulation device can adopt two control modes of manual control and automatic control, and the driving unit can be switched and selected among the contactor, the soft starter and the frequency converter, so that the investment of different driving parts is realized, the application effects of different driving devices are tested, and diversified simulation tests are carried out. In addition, the yaw component of the wind turbine generator to be optimized is installed in the yaw simulation device, the installed yaw component can be optimally designed, and besides mechanical components, the yaw wind program and the control algorithm of the wind turbine generator can be simulated, tested and optimized. Most importantly, the yaw simulation device can be used for teaching demonstration and training wind power workers.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still make modifications or changes to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some features, within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be covered by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A wind turbine generator system yaw simulation device, characterized in that the device includes: the wind speed measuring device comprises a wind speed measuring sensor, a wind direction measuring sensor, a yaw position encoder, a limit switch, an operation panel, a control unit, a driving unit, a yaw motor and a cabin;

the wind speed measuring sensor and the wind direction measuring sensor are both arranged at high places outdoors and are respectively used for measuring wind speed and wind direction;

the yaw position encoder and the limit switch are arranged near a yaw gear ring, wherein the yaw position encoder is used for measuring the position angle of the cabin, and the limit switch is used for enabling the cabin to rotate in a limit angle range;

the operation panel is arranged on the control cabinet door plate and used for receiving an operation instruction input by a user;

the control unit is installed in the control cabinet and used for judging whether the starting condition or the stopping condition of the yaw motor is met currently or not according to the operation instruction, the wind speed, the wind direction, the position angle of the cabin and the limit angle range in a control mode corresponding to the operation instruction; if the starting condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to start through the driving unit arranged in the control cabinet; if the stopping condition is met, controlling the yaw motor to stop through the driving unit;

the yaw motor controls the rotation of the engine room through a yaw rolling bearing, a pinion and the yaw gear ring so as to realize yaw simulation.

2. The wind turbine generator yaw simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit comprises a change-over switch, a contactor, a frequency converter and a soft starter, and any one of the three modes of the contactor, the frequency converter and the soft starter is selected to control starting and stopping of the yaw motor through switching operation of the change-over switch.

3. The wind turbine generator yaw simulation device according to claim 1, further comprising a yaw motor reducer connected to the yaw motor and configured to reduce a rotational speed of the yaw motor, so that the reduced rotational speed meets a yaw speed requirement.

4. The wind turbine yaw simulating assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a base for supporting a main body of the wind turbine yaw simulating assembly.

5. The wind turbine generator yaw simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the yaw rolling bearing is composed of an outer ring, an inner ring, a rolling body, and a retainer.

6. The wind turbine yaw simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the control mode of the control unit comprises manual control and automatic control.

7. The wind turbine generator yaw simulation device according to claim 6, wherein if the control mode of the control unit is manual control, the control unit controls the yaw motor to start and stop in the following manner:

determining a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the yaw motor or a downtime of the yaw motor based on the operation command;

and if the position angle of the cabin exceeds the limit angle range, controlling the yaw motor to stop through the driving unit.

8. The wind turbine generator yaw simulation device according to claim 6, wherein if the control mode of the control unit is automatic control, the control unit controls the yaw motor to start and stop in the following manner:

and if the wind speed is within a starting speed range and/or the difference angle between the wind direction and the position angle of the cabin is within a starting angle range, and the position angle of the cabin is within the limit angle range, determining that the starting condition of the yaw motor is currently met, otherwise, determining that the stopping condition of the yaw motor is currently met.

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