CN218481910U - Blood circulation model with heart blood pumping function - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function relates to biological medical teaching technical field, including the model body, the model body includes the atria valve one between the left atrium, the left ventricle, the left atrium and the left ventricle, the artery group, the artery valve one between the left ventricle and the aorta group, tissue breather, gaseous access mouth one, the vein group, the right atrium, the right ventricle, the right atrium and the atria valve two between the right atrium and the right ventricle, pulmonary artery, the artery valve two between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, lung breather, gaseous access mouth two, pulmonary vein, vein group get into the ring muscle one of atria entrance, the ring muscle two that the pulmonary vein got into the left atrium entrance, gas vent and water container, the utility model discloses can demonstrate the process of heart pump blood and the route of systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation dynamically, exhibited the function that shows the valve, can help the student to understand the cardiac cycle, the practicality is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to bio-medical teaching field, concretely relates to blood circulation model with heart pump blood function.
Background
The power source of heart pumping blood, the dynamic process of heart pumping blood and the blood circulation path are the key points and difficulties of biological learning and basic medical learning, and students are particularly difficult to understand the principle of blood circulating and flowing between the heart and blood vessels.
In the actual teaching process, the teaching aid only has detachable heart structure models, pictures, animations and video data, which can help students to recognize the heart structure and observe the flow of blood to a certain extent, but cannot help students to explore the principle therein, and in order to solve the problem, some related progress technologies have been developed, such as: the blood circulation model for dynamically demonstrating the opening and closing of the heart valve (Chinese CN208422227U patent) can demonstrate the change situation of the opening and closing of the mitral valve, the tricuspid valve and the main and pulmonary valves of the heart during the contraction period and the relaxation period, but the pumping principle of the heart is not shown in an emphasis manner, in addition, some models or teaching aids for simulating the blood circulation (Chinese CN207676555U patent, chinese CN 209879953U patent, CN112951059A patent, CN211016162U and the like) are also provided, although the way of the blood circulation is demonstrated in different manners, the demonstration of the dynamic process of the heart ejection is not complete, and the characteristics such as the suction effect of the whole diastole ventricle and the effect of the ring muscle at the entrance of the great vein into the atrium during the contraction of the atrium are not reflected; furthermore, the prior art is still not prominent enough in the presentation of the heart pumping and blood circulation mechanisms, and is difficult for students to explore autonomously by means of models.
Therefore, a blood circulation model with a heart pumping function is needed to solve the problems in the prior art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function for solve the technical problem who exists among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a pair of blood circulation model with heart pump blood function, which comprises a model body, the model body includes atria valve one between left atrium, left ventricle, left atrium and the left ventricle, aortic valve group, aortic valve one between left ventricle and the aorta group, tissue breather, gaseous access mouth one, venous group, right atrium, right ventricle, right atrium and right ventricle between atria and the right ventricle, pulmonary artery, aortic valve two between right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, pulmonary breather, gaseous access mouth two, pulmonary vein, the annular muscle that venous group got into the atrium entrance one, the annular muscle two that pulmonary vein got into the atrium entrance, gas vent and flourishing water container.
Preferably, the left atrium, the left ventricle, the right atrium and the right ventricle are all push type water pumping device devices made of transparent plastics, the atrioventricular valve I, the atrioventricular valve II, the arterial valve I and the arterial valve II are all valve type one-way valve devices, the lower ends of the left atrium and the right atrium are respectively inserted with the atrioventricular valve I and the atrioventricular valve II, the lower end of the left atrium is connected with the upper end of the left ventricle through the atrioventricular valve I, and the lower end of the right atrium is connected with the upper end of the right ventricle through the atrioventricular valve II; a hole is reserved at the upper end of the left atrium for splicing pulmonary veins, and a hole is reserved at the upper end of the right atrium for splicing a vein group; the lower ends of the left ventricle and the right ventricle are respectively inserted with a first arterial valve and a second arterial valve, the lower end of the left ventricle is inserted with the main artery group through the first arterial valve, and the lower end of the right ventricle is inserted with the pulmonary artery through the second arterial valve.
Preferably, the aorta group and the vein group are transparent silica gel hoses, one ends of the aorta group and the vein group are connected with the first artery valve and are inserted into the lower end of the left ventricle through the first artery valve, the other ends of the aorta group and the vein group are directly inserted into the tissue ventilation device, one end of the pulmonary artery is connected with the second artery valve and is inserted into the lower end of the right ventricle through the second artery valve, and the other end of the pulmonary artery is directly inserted into the pulmonary ventilation device; one end of the vein group is directly spliced with the upper end of the right atrium, the other end of the vein group is directly spliced with the tissue ventilation device, one end of the pulmonary vein is directly spliced with the upper end of the left atrium, and the other end of the pulmonary vein is directly spliced with the lung ventilation device.
Preferably, the tissue ventilator and the lung ventilator are both made of transparent acid and alkali resistant materials, and the upper ends of the tissue ventilator and the lung ventilator are both provided with an exhaust port.
Preferably, the first and second circular muscles are provided with a robert clamp.
Preferably, the model body is filled with anthocyanin water solution simulation blood, and alkaline gas NH is introduced into the tissue ventilation device through a gas inlet 3 To simulate the body between histiocytes and histiocytesThe capillary vessels of (2) are subjected to gas exchange; introducing acidic gas CO into the two-way lung ventilation device through the gas inlet 2 Simulating gas exchange between the alveoli and the perialveolar capillaries.
Preferably, the left atrium, the left ventricle, the right atrium and the right ventricle are connected but not communicated, the aorta group, the vein group, the pulmonary artery and the pulmonary vein are detachably arranged, and the tissue ventilation device and the pulmonary ventilation device are detachably arranged.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1. the utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function, press left ventricle and make left ventricle shrink, left ventricle internal pressure rises, when left ventricle internal pressure rises to surpass left atrium internal pressure, promote the first closing of atrioventricular valve promptly, therefore blood can not flow back into the left atrium from left ventricle; when the left atrium is continuously pressed to enable the indoor pressure to be increased to exceed the arterial pressure, the first artery valve is opened, blood in the left atrium is injected into the artery, the left atrium is released from pressing after the blood is injected, the left atrium begins to relax, the internal pressure of the left atrium is reduced, the blood in the artery flows backwards to the ventricle direction, the first artery valve is pushed to close, and when the internal pressure of the left ventricle is expanded to be reduced to be lower than the internal pressure of the left atrium, the first atrium valve is opened by the blood in the left atrium, and the left ventricle enters the left atrium; meanwhile, the blood flows into the left atrium from the venous group, the left atrium is pressed to contract after the last 0.1 second of the diastole of the left ventricle, and the blood in the left atrium flows into the left ventricle to further fill the ventricles. When pressing the left atrium and making the left atrium shrink, use the shrink of robert's clamp simulation annular muscle one at the entrance that vein group got into the left atrium for blood in the left atrium can not flow backward and get into vein group, and the process of dynamic demonstration heart pump blood helps the student to understand the heart pump blood principle.
2. The blood circulation model with the heart blood pumping function of the utility model has the advantages that when the left ventricle contracts until the internal pressure of the left ventricle rises to exceed the internal pressure of the left atrium, the atrioventricular valve can be closed as soon as possible, so that blood can not flow back into the left atrium from the left ventricle; when the left ventricle continues to contract until the indoor pressure rises to exceed the arterial pressure, the arterial valve is opened as soon as possible, so that the blood in the left ventricle can be injected into the artery but cannot flow back into the atrium, when the left ventricle expands until the indoor pressure drops to be lower than the arterial pressure, the blood in the artery flows back towards the left ventricle direction, and the arterial valve is pushed to be closed, so that the blood in the artery cannot flow back into the left ventricle; when the left ventricle relaxes to the indoor pressure and drops below the internal pressure of the left atrium, the blood in the left atrium pushes open the atrioventricular valve to enter the ventricle, so that the blood in the left atrium can flow into the left ventricle to perform the function of the valve.
3. The utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function presses the left ventricle, and blood gets into the aorta group from the left ventricle, flows into the capillary around the somatic tissue cell from the aorta group, flows into the vein group from the capillary again, flows into the right atrium from the vein group, accomplishes a systemic circulation; and pressing the right ventricle, wherein blood enters the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle, flows into the pulmonary capillary network from the pulmonary artery, flows into the pulmonary vein from the capillary network, and flows into the left atrium from the pulmonary vein, so that one pulmonary circulation is completed, the approach of the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation is dynamically demonstrated, and students can understand the principle of the blood circulation.
4. The utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function, tissue breather can be through letting in NH 3 The anthocyanin solution is changed from red to blue, so as to simulate the gas exchange between the human tissue cells and the capillary vessels around the tissue cells, namely because of O in the blood 2 The content is reduced, so that the blood is changed from arterial blood into venous blood; the pulmonary ventilation device can be activated by introducing CO 2 The anthocyanin solution is changed from blue to red, so as to simulate the gas exchange between alveoli and capillary vessels around the alveoli, namely, because of O in blood 2 The content is increased, so that the blood is changed from venous blood to arterial blood, and the change of the oxygen content in the blood during the blood circulation process is dynamically simulated through the change of the color of the anthocyanin solution.
5. The utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function organizes NH that fills among the breather 3 Is very easy to dissolve in water, and the color of the anthocyanin solution is just changed by controlling the filling amountPreferably, so that it does not spill over to contaminate the air.
6. The utility model discloses a blood circulation model with heart pump blood function, every shrink of heart and relaxation are a cardiac cycle once, the concrete process is that left atrium and right atrium contract earlier, left ventricle and right ventricle relaxation this moment, then left ventricle and right ventricle shrink, left atrium and right atrium relaxation, then the left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right atrium relax simultaneously, this model is through pressing the shrink of ventricle simulation ventricle, press the shrink of atrium simulation atrium, therefore, the time of ventricle and atrium is pressed to autonomous control, can help understanding the notion of cardiac cycle and the relation of cardiac cycle and rhythm of the heart.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a blood circulation model with a heart pumping function according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a left atrial pumping function in a blood circulation model with a heart pumping function according to the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1. the left atrium; 2. a first atrioventricular valve; 3. a left ventricle; 4. a first arterial valve; 5. An aorta group; 6. a tissue ventilator; 7. a first gas inlet; 8. a venous group; 9. the right atrium; 10. a second atrioventricular valve; 11. a right ventricle; 12. a second arterial valve; 13. the pulmonary artery; 14. A pulmonary ventilation device; 15. a second gas inlet; 16. the pulmonary vein; 17. a first ring muscle; 18. A second ring muscle; 19. an exhaust port; 20. a water container.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a blood circulation model with a heart blood pumping function comprises a model body, wherein the model body comprises a left atrium 1, a left ventricle 3, a first atrioventricular valve 2 between the left atrium 1 and the left ventricle 3, an aortic valve group 5, a first aortic valve 4 between the left ventricle 3 and the aortic valve group 5, a tissue ventilation device 6, a first gas inlet 7, a venous group 8, a right atrium 9, a right ventricle 11, a second atrioventricular valve 10 between the right atrium 9 and the right ventricle 11, a pulmonary artery 13, a second aortic valve 12 between the right ventricle 11 and the pulmonary artery 13, a lung ventilation device 14, a second gas inlet 15, a pulmonary vein 16, a first annular muscle 17 at the inlet of the venous group 8 into the atrium 9, a second annular muscle 18 at the inlet of the pulmonary vein 16 into the left atrium 1, an exhaust port 19 and a water container 20.
Furthermore, the left atrium 1, the left ventricle 3, the right atrium 9 and the right ventricle 11 are all pressing type water pumping device devices made of transparent plastics, the atrioventricular valve I2, the atrioventricular valve II 10, the arterial valve I4 and the arterial valve II 12 are all valve type one-way valve devices, the lower ends of the left atrium 1 and the right atrium 9 are respectively inserted with the atrioventricular valve I2 and the atrioventricular valve II 10, the lower end of the left atrium 1 is connected with the upper end of the left ventricle 3 through the atrioventricular valve I2, and the lower end of the right atrium 9 is connected with the upper end of the right ventricle 11 through the atrioventricular valve II 10; a hole is reserved at the upper end of the left atrium 1 and is connected with a pulmonary vein 16 in an inserting mode, and a hole is reserved at the upper end of the right atrium 9 and is connected with a vein group 8 in an inserting mode; the lower ends of the left ventricle 3 and the right ventricle 11 are respectively inserted with a first arterial valve 4 and a second arterial valve 12, the lower end of the left ventricle 3 is inserted with the main artery group 5 through the first arterial valve 4, and the lower end of the right ventricle 11 is inserted with the pulmonary artery 13 through the second arterial valve 12.
Furthermore, the active artery group 5 and the vein group 8 are transparent silica gel hoses, one ends of the active artery group 5 and the vein group 8 are connected with the first artery valve 4 and are inserted into the lower end of the left ventricle 3 through the first artery valve 4, the other ends of the active artery group 5 and the vein group 8 are directly inserted into the tissue ventilation device 6, one end of the pulmonary artery 13 is connected with the second artery valve 12 and is inserted into the lower end of the right ventricle 11 through the second artery valve 12, and the other end of the pulmonary artery 13 is directly inserted into the pulmonary ventilation device 14; one end of the vein group 8 is directly inserted with the upper end of the right atrium 9, the other end is directly inserted with the tissue ventilation device 6, one end of the pulmonary vein 16 is directly inserted with the upper end of the left atrium 1, and the other end is directly inserted with the pulmonary ventilation device 14.
Further, the tissue ventilator 6 and the lung ventilator 14 are made of transparent acid and alkali resistant material, and the upper ends thereof are provided with an exhaust port 19.
Furthermore, robert clamps are arranged on the first ring muscle 17 and the second ring muscle 18.
Further, the model body is filled with anthocyanin water solution simulation blood, and alkaline gas NH is introduced into the tissue ventilation device 6 through the gas inlet I7 3 Simulating gas exchange between tissue cells of the body and capillaries between the tissue cells; through a gas inlet II15 introducing acidic gas CO into the lung ventilation device 14 2 Simulating gas exchange between alveoli and perialveolar capillaries.
Furthermore, the left atrium 1, the left ventricle 3, the right atrium 9 and the right ventricle 11 are connected but not communicated with each other, but can be disassembled, the aorta group 5, the vein group 8, the pulmonary artery 13 and the pulmonary vein 16 can be detachably arranged, and the tissue ventilation device 6 and the pulmonary ventilation device 14 can be detachably arranged.
The working principle is as follows:
firstly, pressing the left ventricle 3 to contract the left ventricle 3, increasing the internal pressure of the left ventricle 3, and pushing the atrioventricular valve one 2 to close when the internal pressure of the left ventricle 3 is increased to exceed the internal pressure of the left atrium 1, so that blood cannot flow back into the left atrium 1 from the left ventricle 3; when the left atrium 1 is continuously pressed to enable the indoor pressure to be increased to exceed the arterial pressure, the first artery valve 4 is opened, blood in the left atrium 1 is injected into the artery, the left atrium 1 is released from pressing after the blood is injected, the left atrium 1 begins to relax, the internal pressure of the left atrium 1 is reduced, the blood in the artery flows backwards towards the ventricle direction, the first artery valve 4 is pushed to close, and when the left ventricle 3 relaxes to the extent that the internal pressure of the left ventricle 3 is reduced to be lower than the internal pressure of the left atrium 1, the blood in the left atrium 1 opens the first atrium valve 2 and enters the left ventricle 3; at the same time, blood flows from the vein group 8 into the left atrium 1, and the last 0.1 second of the diastole of the left ventricle 3 presses the left atrium 1 to start the contraction of the left atrium 1, and the blood in the left atrium 1 flows into the left ventricle 3 to further fill the ventricle. When the left atrium 1 is contracted by pressing the left atrium 1, a Robert clamp is used at an inlet of the vein group 8, which enters the left atrium 1, to simulate contraction of a ring-shaped muscle I17, so that blood in the left atrium 1 cannot flow back into the vein group 8, the process of heart pumping is dynamically demonstrated, students are helped to understand the principle of heart pumping, when the left ventricle 3 contracts until the internal pressure of the left ventricle 3 rises to exceed the internal pressure of the left atrium 1, a atrioventricular valve I2 is closed, and therefore the blood cannot flow back into the left atrium 1 from the left ventricle 3; when the left ventricle 3 continuously contracts until the indoor pressure rises to exceed the arterial pressure, the first arterial valve 4 is opened, so that the blood in the left ventricle 3 can be injected into the artery but cannot flow back into the atrium, when the left ventricle 3 expands until the indoor pressure drops to be lower than the arterial pressure, the blood in the artery flows back to the left ventricle 3 direction to push the first arterial valve 4 to be closed, and therefore the blood in the artery cannot flow back into the left ventricle 3; when the left ventricle 3 is expanded to the indoor pressure and is reduced to be lower than the internal pressure of the left atrium 1, the blood in the left atrium 1 breaks the atrioventricular valve I2 and enters the ventricle, so that the blood in the left atrium 1 can flow into the left ventricle 3 to display the function of the valve;
secondly, pressing the left ventricle 3, the blood enters the aorta group 5 from the left ventricle 3, flows into the capillary vessels around the body tissue cells from the aorta group 5, then flows into the vein group 8 from the capillary vessels, and flows into the right atrium 9 from the vein group 8, so as to complete a systemic circulation; pressing the right ventricle 11, the blood enters the pulmonary artery 13 from the right ventricle 11, flows into the pulmonary capillary network from the pulmonary artery 13, then flows into the pulmonary vein 16 from the capillary network, and flows into the left atrium 1 from the pulmonary vein 16, so that one pulmonary circulation is completed, the routes of the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation are dynamically demonstrated, and students can understand the principle of the blood circulation;
further, the tissue ventilator 6 may be activated by introducing NH 3 The anthocyanin solution is changed from red to blue, so as to simulate the gas exchange between the human tissue cells and the capillary vessels around the tissue cells, namely because of O in the blood 2 The content is reduced, so that the blood is changed from arterial blood into venous blood; the pulmonary ventilation device 14 may be ventilated with CO 2 The anthocyanin solution is changed from blue to red, and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillary vessels around the alveoli is simulated, namely, the gas exchange is carried out due to O in blood 2 The content is increased to change the blood from venous blood to arterial blood, the change of oxygen content in the blood during the blood circulation process is dynamically simulated through the color change of the anthocyanin solution, and NH is filled into the tissue ventilation device 6 3 The anthocyanin solution is easy to dissolve in water, and the filling amount is controlled to be proper for the anthocyanin solution to change color, so that the anthocyanin solution cannot overflow to pollute the air;
finally, the heart contracts and expands once to form a cardiac cycle, and the specific process is that the left atrium 1 and the right atrium 9 contract first, then the left ventricle 3 and the right ventricle 11 expand, then the left ventricle 3 and the right ventricle 11 contract, the left atrium 1 and the right atrium 9 expand, then the left atrium 1, the right atrium 9, the left ventricle 3 and the right ventricle 11 simultaneously expand, the model simulates contraction of the ventricles by pressing the ventricles, and the atria simulate contraction of the atria, so the time for pressing the ventricles and the atria is controlled autonomously, and the concept of the cardiac cycle and the relation between the cardiac cycle and the heart rate can be understood.
Claims (7)
1. A blood circulation model with heart pump blood function, includes the model body, its characterized in that: the model body comprises a left atrium (1), a left ventricle (3), a first atrioventricular valve (2) between the left atrium (1) and the left ventricle (3), a aortic group (5), a first atrioventricular valve (4) between the left ventricle (3) and the aortic group (5), a tissue ventilation device (6), a first gas inlet (7), a vein group (8), a right atrium (9), a right ventricle (11), a second atrioventricular valve (10) between the right atrium (9) and the right ventricle (11), a pulmonary artery (13), a second aortic valve (12) between the right ventricle (11) and the pulmonary artery (13), a lung ventilation device (14), a second gas inlet (15), a pulmonary vein (16), a first annular muscle (17) at the inlet of the vein group (8) into the right atrium (9), a second annular muscle (18) at the inlet of the pulmonary vein (16) into the left atrium (1), an exhaust port (19) and a water container (20).
2. The blood circulation model with the heart blood pumping function according to claim 1, wherein the left atrium (1), the left ventricle (3), the right atrium (9) and the right ventricle (11) are all push type water pumping device devices made of transparent plastics, the atrioventricular valve I (2), the atrioventricular valve II (10), the arterial valve I (4) and the arterial valve II (12) are all valve type one-way valve devices, the lower ends of the left atrium (1) and the right atrium (9) are respectively inserted with the atrioventricular valve I (2) and the atrioventricular valve II (10), the lower end of the left atrium (1) is connected with the upper end of the left ventricle (3) through the atrioventricular valve I (2), and the lower end of the right atrium (9) is connected with the upper end of the right ventricle (11) through the atrioventricular valve II (10); a hole is reserved at the upper end of the left atrium (1) and is connected with a pulmonary vein (16), and a hole is reserved at the upper end of the right atrium (9) and is connected with a vein group (8); the lower ends of the left ventricle (3) and the right ventricle (11) are respectively inserted with a first artery valve (4) and a second artery valve (12), the lower end of the left ventricle (3) is inserted with the aorta group (5) through the first artery valve (4), and the lower end of the right ventricle (11) is inserted with the pulmonary artery (13) through the second artery valve (12).
3. The model of claim 1, wherein the aorta group (5) and the vein group (8) are transparent silicone tubes, one end of the aorta group (5) and the vein group (8) is connected to the first artery valve (4) and is connected to the lower end of the left ventricle (3) through the first artery valve (4), the other end is directly connected to the tissue ventilator (6), one end of the pulmonary artery (13) is connected to the second artery valve (12) and is connected to the lower end of the right ventricle (11) through the second artery valve (12), and the other end is directly connected to the lung ventilator (14); one end of the vein group (8) is directly spliced with the upper end of the right atrium (9), the other end of the vein group is directly spliced with the tissue ventilation device (6), one end of the pulmonary vein (16) is directly spliced with the upper end of the left atrium (1), and the other end of the pulmonary vein group is directly spliced with the pulmonary ventilation device (14).
4. A blood circulation model with heart pumping function according to claim 1, wherein the tissue ventilator (6) and the lung ventilator (14) are made of transparent acid and alkali resistant material, and each of the upper ends thereof is provided with an air outlet (19).
5. A blood circulation model with heart pumping function according to claim 1, wherein said first and second circular muscles (17, 18) are provided with robert clamps.
6. The blood circulation model with heart pumping function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the model body is filled with anthocyanin water solution to simulate blood, and alkaline gas NH is introduced into the tissue ventilation device (6) through the gas inlet I (7) 3 Simulating gas exchange between the histiocytes of the body and capillaries between the histiocytes; introducing acidic gas CO into the lung ventilation device (14) through the gas inlet II (15) 2 Simulating gas exchange between alveoli and perialveolar capillaries.
7. The model of blood circulation with heart pumping function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left atrium (1), the left ventricle (3), the right atrium (9) and the right ventricle (11) are connected but not communicated with each other, the aorta group (5), the vein group (8), the pulmonary artery (13) and the pulmonary vein (16) are detachably installed, and the tissue ventilator (6) and the pulmonary ventilator (14) are detachably installed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222236110.0U CN218481910U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Blood circulation model with heart blood pumping function |
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| CN202222236110.0U CN218481910U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Blood circulation model with heart blood pumping function |
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