CN218415808U - Outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit - Google Patents
Outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN218415808U CN218415808U CN202221876461.1U CN202221876461U CN218415808U CN 218415808 U CN218415808 U CN 218415808U CN 202221876461 U CN202221876461 U CN 202221876461U CN 218415808 U CN218415808 U CN 218415808U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a wireless communication port thunderbolt surge protection field specifically is an outdoor active antenna port thunderbolt surge protection circuit, including active antenna, preceding stage circuit and back stage circuit, active antenna is connected with preceding stage circuit, and preceding stage circuit is connected with back stage circuit through the electric wire, and the low frequency current that the thunderbolt surge brought is intercepted by preceding stage circuit, plays the effect of protection back stage circuit, and preceding stage circuit can carry wireless communication's high frequency signal to back stage circuit simultaneously, and back stage circuit conveys DC voltage to active antenna on through being connected with preceding stage circuit, supplies active antenna work, the improvement that can be used to the LC wave channel shunting circuit of active antenna port thunderbolt protection, has inherited the simple reliable and practical advantage of wave channel shunting, ingenious multiplexing relevant inductance device, only increases a small amount of device, just can support for the active antenna power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wireless communication port thunderbolt surge protection field specifically is an outdoor active antenna port thunderbolt surge protection circuit.
Background
With the further development of wireless communication technology, in order to further suppress the signal-to-noise ratio on the receiving channel, people need to bring a low noise amplifier LNA close to the antenna to avoid introducing more receiving noise by a long antenna feeder, so that there is a concept of an active antenna, especially a smart antenna, which needs to be active, that is, a dc voltage needs to be superimposed on the antenna feeder in addition to a high-frequency signal to supply power to the active antenna, and a receiving and transmitting shared antenna module, a low noise amplification module and a power supply module are integrated in the active antenna. The passive antenna generally only comprises a transceiving common antenna module, the active antenna is powered by a fixed low-voltage stabilized power supply, the intelligent antenna is also called an adaptive antenna array, a variable antenna array and a multi-antenna, the intelligent antenna refers to an intelligent algorithm which can judge the spatial information (such as the propagation direction) of signals and track and position signal sources, and can carry out spatial filtering according to the information, so that the LC channel shunt lightning protection circuit which is originally used for the passive antenna is not applicable any more, and the direct-current voltage is prevented from being transmitted to the end of the active antenna due to the existence of a series capacitor in a signal channel in the channel shunt lightning protection circuit.
Therefore, the utility model provides an LC wave channel shunting circuit's improvement that can be used to active antenna port thunderbolt protection has inherited the simple reliable practical advantage of wave channel shunting lightning protection ware, can support again for the antenna power supply.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the technical problem who exists among the prior art, provide an outdoor active antenna port thunderbolt surge protection circuit and solve active antenna's thunderbolt surge protection problem.
The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: the utility model provides an outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit, includes active antenna, preceding stage circuit and back stage circuit, active antenna is connected with preceding stage circuit, and preceding stage circuit is connected with back stage circuit through the electric wire.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the low-frequency current brought by lightning surge is intercepted by the preceding stage circuit, the effect of protecting the rear stage circuit is achieved, meanwhile, the preceding stage circuit can convey high-frequency signals of wireless communication to the rear stage circuit, the rear stage circuit is connected with the preceding stage circuit and conveys direct-current voltage to the active antenna, the active antenna works, the improvement of the LC wave channel shunting circuit for active antenna port lightning stroke protection inherits the advantages of simplicity, reliability and practicability of the wave channel shunting lightning protector, related inductive devices are ingeniously reused, and only a small number of devices are added, so that power supply for the active antenna can be supported. The lightning surge protection circuit is widely applicable to outdoor active antenna ports such as WIFI, GPS, 4G/LTE,5G and the like.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do as follows the improvement:
further, the back stage circuit includes electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, inductance L2, schottky diode and TVS, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 establish ties mutually, and electric capacity C1's one end links to each other with active antenna, and electric capacity C2's one end links to each other with inductance L2, inductance L2's the other end links to each other with TVS, and TVS's the other end links to each other with, and electric capacity C3 connects in parallel at TVS's both ends, schottky diode's one end links to each other with inductance L2's the other end.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 are established ties mutually and are formed and only allow high frequency current to pass through, therefore the low frequency current that the surge of thunderbolt brought can't get into back stage circuit, can play the effect of protection circuit.
Further, the rear-stage circuit includes inductance L1, GDT and electric capacity C4, and inductance L1's one end is connected with active antenna, and inductance L1's the other end links to each other with GDT's one end, and GDT's the other end links to each other with ground, and fourth inductance is parallelly connected on GDT and one end links to each other with schottky diode.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that because electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 establish ties and only allow high frequency current to pass through when the low frequency current of lightning stroke surge gets into the circuit through active antenna, consequently the low frequency current of lightning stroke surge can only flow to ground from the back stage circuit to the low frequency current that protects the back stage circuit not struck by lightning breaks down, and electric capacity C4 connects in parallel and plays the guard action to GDT at GDT.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the LC channel shunt lightning protection circuit of the active antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a passive antenna LC channel shunt type lightning protection circuit;
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a following preferred embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, an outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit includes an active antenna, a preceding stage circuit and a following stage circuit, the active antenna is connected with the preceding stage circuit, and the preceding stage circuit is connected with the following stage circuit through an electric wire. The low-frequency current caused by lightning surge is intercepted by the front-stage circuit, so that the effect of protecting the rear-stage circuit is achieved, meanwhile, the front-stage circuit can transmit a wireless communication high-frequency signal to the rear-stage circuit, and the rear-stage circuit is connected with the front-stage circuit to transmit direct-current voltage to the active antenna for the active antenna to work.
Further, the back stage circuit includes electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, inductance L2, schottky diode and TVS, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 establish ties mutually, and electric capacity C1's one end links to each other with active antenna, and electric capacity C2's one end links to each other with inductance L2, inductance L2's the other end links to each other with TVS, and TVS's the other end and link to each other, electric capacity C3 connects in parallel at TVS's both ends, schottky diode's one end links to each other with inductance L2's the other end. Capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 establish ties mutually and form and only allow high frequency current to pass through, consequently, the low frequency current that the lightning surge brought can't get into the back stage circuit, lightning surge low frequency component is many, high frequency component is few, when lightning surge high frequency current passes capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, inductor L2 and TVS of capacitor C2 one end are connected and can be avoided lightning surge high frequency current to hurt back stage circuit and TVS is connected with ground and can release lightning surge high frequency current, capacitor C3 connects in parallel and plays the guard action to TVS at TVS's both ends, because capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 establish ties mutually and form and only allow high frequency current to pass through, direct current voltage flows into the active antenna from schottky diode, supply active antenna work.
Furthermore, the rear-stage circuit comprises an inductor L1, a GDT and a capacitor C4, one end of the inductor L1 is connected with an active antenna, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the GDT, the other end of the GDT is connected with the ground, a fourth inductor is connected to the GDT in parallel, one end of the fourth inductor is connected with a Schottky diode, when the low-frequency current of the lightning surge enters the circuit through the active antenna, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are connected in series, only the high-frequency current is allowed to pass, therefore, the low-frequency current of the lightning surge can only flow to the ground from the rear-stage circuit, the rear-stage circuit is protected from being broken down by the low-frequency current of the lightning surge, and the capacitor C4 is connected to the GDT in parallel to play a role in protecting the GDT.
The LC shunt type protection circuit is based on the characteristic that the frequency spectrum distribution of a high-frequency signal for wireless communication and lightning surge is different, the high-pass filtering effect of a capacitor is utilized, the low-frequency component of the lightning is prevented from entering a post-stage circuit, the lightning surge current is discharged through an inductor to the ground, an antenna feeder port is only insulated from the ground in a working mode, namely the function insulation requirement is met, the strict requirement like an Ethernet port is not met, and therefore an antenna feeder core wire can be grounded through the inductor.
The capacitive coupling is an alternating current coupling, and the effect of the signal coupling does not affect the passing of the high frequency RF signal.
The capacitor is used to prevent the DC component contained in the network from entering the other back end, which utilizes the characteristic that the resistance value of the capacitor itself in DC is theoretically infinite, and the capacitance determines the frequency (low frequency cut-off point) that can pass through the network, and the larger the capacitance, the lower the low frequency cut-off point, the more the low frequency surge will be absorbed to the back end. Because the working frequency band of the radio frequency signal is very high, the capacitance capacity can be selected to be smaller, so that more low frequency bands are attenuated.
The high-voltage capacitor is selected, and the section from the high-voltage capacitor to the antenna is used as a high-voltage area by taking the high-voltage capacitor as a boundary, and the right side of the high-voltage capacitor is used as a low-voltage area.
In past engineering practice, we found that a 1206-surface-mounted 2kV 1000pF capacitor can withstand the transient lightning stroke surge voltage of 4.5kV and 1.2/50 mu s, and a plug capacitor with better transient high voltage resistance can be selected if necessary.
The blocked low-frequency lightning surge also needs to be discharged to the ground in time, the antenna feeder port can be grounded by an inductor (the antenna feeder port has no special isolation requirement on the ground and only has functional work insulation), and the inductor also needs to be capable of bearing large current.
A small part of high-frequency components of lightning surge can reach a rear-stage circuit through the high-voltage capacitor, and the TVS on the right side of the high-voltage capacitor can further reduce the residual voltage of the lightning surge to the rear-stage circuit.
The LC channel shunt lightning stroke protection circuit for the passive antenna is not suitable for an active antenna any more, and because of the existence of the series capacitor in the signal channel in the channel shunt lightning protection circuit, the direct current voltage is prevented from being transmitted to the end of the active antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, C1-C4 are all high voltage capacitors, typically 2kV 1000pf,1206smd packages, and if necessary C1 and C2 may be higher withstand voltage, large pin pitch package high voltage capacitors, diode D may be 40V5A schottky diode, inductor L2, schottky diode D, and inductor L1 provide an additional path for the dc level blocked by capacitors C1 and C2 so that the use of LC channel shunt lightning protection does not affect the active antenna power supply.
The lightning surge common-mode discharge path of the active antenna port is a low-frequency channel passing through a front-stage circuit and a high-frequency channel passing through a rear-stage circuit, the lightning surge has more low-frequency components and less high-frequency components, an antenna feeder only has the common-mode lightning stroke requirement, a differential mode does not require, and protection is not considered.
The inductance L1 and the GDT large-current discharge path need to consider that the hollow inductance can have corresponding transient current tolerance capability, such as 10kA and 8/20 mu s waveform, corresponding wires on the PCB also need to be widened and thickened, double-sided wires are needed, a metal strip or a cable can be considered to be attached to the surface for replacement if necessary, the GDT can be selected from BF091M or the like, and the TVS can be selected from BV-FA05UC and the like.
The transient current capacity of an inductor L2 can be much lower than that of an inductor L1, the inductor L2 is connected with a high-voltage capacitor in series, 20KV is required to be endured, 1.2/50 mu s transient voltage is not discharged (corresponding to a current waveform of 10kA and 8/20 mu s, the internal resistance of a signal source of a 1.2/50 (8/20) lightning stroke generator is regulated to be 2 ohm by standards such as IEC61000-4-5 and the like), at this time, the capacitor of 2kV 1206 cannot be used, the practical experience of the capacitor of 2kV 1000pF 1206 high-voltage capacitor is that the capacitor of 4.5KV and 1.2/50 mu s transient high voltage can be endured, therefore, the capacitor is required to be replaced by a plug-in large PIN-distance high-voltage capacitor which is resistant to 3-4 kV, meanwhile, the capacitor is locally hollowed out corresponding to a lower PCB on the PCB, and other irrelevant wiring is far away from a left PIN of the C05 as far as possible, and more than 400mil is recommended.
The two high-voltage capacitors are connected in series to improve the equivalent withstand voltage of the capacitors, but attention is paid to prevent the discharge between the high-voltage capacitors PIN on the PCB.
Consideration regarding the transient current withstand capability of the air core inductor:
nominal melting heat is a parameter that characterizes the ability of a device to withstand transient disturbances (pulses of large current for a short time), the greater the value, the greater the anti-transient disturbance capability of the device.
When selecting the type, how much the nominal heat of fusion value of the device is suitable depends on the I2t value of the transient interference current that the circuit should bear, and is generally determined by the following formula:
the nominal heat energy value of the device is more than or equal to 2 times the I2t value (1) of the transient interference current
The I2t value of the glitch current is calculated by the following equation:
where i (t) is the time-varying relation of the glitch current, the above integration is performed for only one pulse.
The lightning surge immunity test for the antenna feeder port generally uses an 8/20 mus waveform according to the EMC standard (IEC 61000-4-5). The variation of lightning current with time for an 8/20 mus waveform can be given by:
wherein A =0.01243 (uS) -3
τ＝3.911(uS)
Im-lightning current peak
From equations (2) and (3), the I2t value of the lightning current pulse with 8/20 μ s waveform can be calculated as:
I 2 t (8/20 uS lightning current pulse) =1.216 × 10 -5 ×I m 2 (A 2 Sec) (4)
Where Im is the peak lightning current in amperes (a).
The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in the above only do the preferred embodiment of the utility model discloses a not for limiting the utility model discloses, the all are in the utility model discloses within the spirit and the principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc. of doing all should be contained within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (3)
1. The lightning surge protection circuit for the outdoor active antenna port is characterized by comprising an active antenna, a preceding stage circuit and a rear stage circuit, wherein the active antenna is connected with the preceding stage circuit, and the preceding stage circuit is connected with the rear stage circuit through an electric wire.
2. The outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the post-stage circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, an inductor L2, a schottky diode and a TVS, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are connected in series, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the active antenna, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the TVS, the other end of the TVS is connected to ground, the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel to both ends of the TVS, and one end of the schottky diode is connected to the other end of the inductor L2.
3. The outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the post-stage circuit comprises an inductor L1, a GDT and a capacitor C4, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the active antenna, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to one end of the GDT, the other end of the GDT is connected to ground, a fourth inductor is connected in parallel to the GDT, and one end of the fourth inductor is connected to the schottky diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221876461.1U CN218415808U (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2022-07-20 | Outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221876461.1U CN218415808U (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2022-07-20 | Outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218415808U true CN218415808U (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221876461.1U Active CN218415808U (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2022-07-20 | Outdoor active antenna port lightning surge protection circuit |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218415808U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-07-20 CN CN202221876461.1U patent/CN218415808U/en active Active
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