CN218414706U - Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and electric device - Google Patents

Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and electric device Download PDF

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CN218414706U
CN218414706U CN202222092160.6U CN202222092160U CN218414706U CN 218414706 U CN218414706 U CN 218414706U CN 202222092160 U CN202222092160 U CN 202222092160U CN 218414706 U CN218414706 U CN 218414706U
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coating layer
current collector
electrode assembly
current
battery
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刘智
阎晓洁
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The application provides an electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device belongs to battery technical field. Wherein the electrode assembly includes a plurality of current collectors and a solid electrolyte layer. A plurality of mass flow bodies set up along the first direction is range upon range of, and every two adjacent relative one sides of mass flow body coat with anodal coating and negative pole coating respectively, and anodal coating and negative pole coating arrange along first direction in turn. The solid electrolyte layer is arranged between two adjacent current collectors along the first direction so as to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged in a facing mode. Along the first direction, the projection area of the positive coating layer on the current collector is smaller than the projection area of the negative coating layer arranged opposite to the positive coating layer on the current collector. According to the electrode assembly with the structure, the area of the negative electrode coating layer is larger than that of the positive electrode coating layer facing the negative electrode coating layer, so that the phenomenon of lithium precipitation of the electrode assembly in the using process is reduced, and the using safety of the electrode assembly can be improved.

Description

Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and power consumption device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electrode assembly, a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device.
Background
In recent years, new energy automobiles have a leap-type development, and in the field of electric automobiles, a power battery plays an irreplaceable important role as a power source of the electric automobiles. With the great popularization of new energy automobiles, the demand on power batteries is increasing day by day, wherein the batteries have higher requirements on service performance and use safety as core parts of the new energy automobiles. In the prior art, in order to increase the output voltage of the battery cell and reduce the internal resistance of the battery cell, an electrode assembly of the battery cell is generally configured as a structure in which a plurality of bipolar electrode plates are stacked, so as to implement an internal series structure of the battery cell, thereby meeting the requirements of increasing the output voltage of the battery cell and reducing the internal resistance. However, the single battery cell with such a structure has a great potential safety hazard in the use process, so that the popularization and the use are not facilitated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides an electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and power consumption device, can effectively promote the free safety in utilization of battery.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, including a plurality of current collectors and a solid electrolyte layer; the current collectors are stacked along a first direction, one opposite side of each two adjacent current collectors is coated with a positive coating layer and a negative coating layer respectively, and the positive coating layers and the negative coating layers are arranged alternately along the first direction; the solid electrolyte layer is arranged between two adjacent current collectors along the first direction so as to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged in a facing manner; wherein, along the first direction, the projected area of the positive coating layer on the current collector is smaller than the projected area of the negative coating layer on the current collector, which is arranged in a way of facing the positive coating layer.
In the technical scheme, one side of two adjacent current collectors in a plurality of current collectors of the electrode assembly is provided with the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer respectively, and the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer are arranged alternately in the first direction to realize the internal series structure of the electrode assembly, so that the single battery with the electrode assembly can effectively shorten the internal creepage distance of the single battery on one hand, reduce the internal resistance of the single battery, and on the other hand can cancel the structure of arranging the tabs on each current collector of the electrode assembly, thereby being beneficial to optimizing the internal space of the single battery and reducing the weight of the single battery, and improving the energy density of the single battery. In addition, through setting up the solid electrolyte layer between two adjacent mass flow wares, in order to realize that metal ion removes between the anodal coating and the negative pole coating facing setting, the electrode subassembly that adopts this kind of structure can alleviate the phenomenon that solid electrolyte layer flows between different anodal coating and negative pole coating, in order to reduce the risk that solid electrolyte layer produces gas and causes the battery monomer to catch fire and explode in the decomposition appearance under the high pressure environment of inside series connection, thereby be favorable to reducing the potential safety hazard of battery monomer in the use, and set up the projection area of negative pole coating in the first direction as being greater than facing the projection area of the anodal coating that sets up in the first direction, thereby can reduce the phenomenon that the lithium is appeared in the use to electrode subassembly, in order to promote the free safety in utilization of the battery who has this kind of electrode subassembly.
In some embodiments, the anode coating layer covers the cathode coating layer disposed facing the anode coating layer along the first direction.
In the technical scheme, the cathode coating layer is arranged to cover the cathode coating layer arranged in the facing manner along the first direction, so that the projection of the cathode coating layer in the first direction can completely fall into the cathode coating layer arranged in the facing manner, and the lithium analysis risk of the electrode assembly in the using process is further reduced.
In some embodimentsThe cathode coating layer and the anode coating layer are rectangular, and the width of the anode coating layer beyond the two ends of the cathode coating layer facing the cathode coating layer is D along the length direction of the anode coating layer 1 D is not more than 0.1mm 1 Less than or equal to 5mm; and/or the width of the part of the negative coating layer, which exceeds the two ends of the positive coating layer arranged in a facing manner, in the width direction of the negative coating layer is D 2 D is not more than 0.1mm 2 ≤5mm。
In the technical scheme, the size of the negative coating layer exceeding the two ends of the positive coating layer facing the negative coating layer is set to be 0.1mm to 5mm in the length direction of the negative coating layer, the size of the negative coating layer exceeding the two ends of the positive coating layer facing the negative coating layer is set to be 0.1mm to 5mm in the width direction of the negative coating layer, the electrode assembly with the structure can effectively ensure the covering effect of the negative coating layer on the positive coating layer facing the negative coating layer on one hand, the phenomenon that the processing technology difficulty is large due to the exceeding size is too small can be relieved, and the phenomenon that the negative coating layer is wasted or the occupied space is too large due to the exceeding size can be relieved on the other hand.
In some embodiments, the solid electrolyte layer covers the anode coating layer adjacent thereto in the first direction.
In the technical scheme, the solid electrolyte layer is arranged to cover the adjacent negative coating layer along the first direction, so that the projection of the negative coating layer on the first direction can fall into the adjacent solid electrolyte layer, the separation effect of the solid electrolyte layer on the positive coating layer and the negative coating layer which are arranged oppositely is favorably improved, the short circuit phenomenon of the positive coating layer and the negative coating layer which are arranged oppositely is reduced, and the risk of short circuit of the electrode assembly in the using process can be effectively reduced.
In some embodiments, the solid electrolyte layer and the anode coating layer are rectangular, and the width of the solid electrolyte layer beyond the two ends of the anode coating layer adjacent to the solid electrolyte layer along the length direction of the anode coating layer isD 3 D is not more than 0.5mm 3 Less than or equal to 5mm; and/or the width of the part of the solid electrolyte layer beyond the two ends of the cathode coating layer adjacent to the solid electrolyte layer along the width direction of the cathode coating layer is D 4 D is not more than 0.5mm 4 ≤5mm。
In the technical scheme, the size of the two ends of the solid electrolyte layer exceeding the cathode coating layer adjacently arranged to the solid electrolyte layer is set to be 0.5mm to 5mm in the length direction of the cathode coating layer, similarly, the size of the two ends of the cathode coating layer exceeding the solid electrolyte layer adjacently arranged to the solid electrolyte layer is set to be 0.5mm to 5mm in the width direction of the cathode coating layer, the electrode assembly with the structure can relieve the phenomenon that the covering effect of the solid electrolyte layer on the adjacent cathode coating layer is poor due to the fact that the exceeding size is too small on one hand, so that the positive electrode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are oppositely arranged can be well separated, and on the other hand, the phenomenon that the occupied space of the solid electrolyte layer is too large and materials are wasted due to the fact that the exceeding size is too large can be relieved.
In some embodiments, the current collectors at both ends of the electrode assembly in the first direction are first and second current collectors, respectively; the electrode assembly further includes a first current collecting member connected to the first current collector and a second current collecting member connected to the second current collector.
In the technical scheme, the electrode assembly is further provided with the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member which are respectively connected with the first current collecting body and the second current collecting body in the plurality of current collecting bodies, so that the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are used as a positive output electrode and a negative output electrode of the electrode assembly, the structure is convenient for the connection of the electrode assembly and a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of a battery monomer, and the assembly difficulty of the battery monomer with the electrode assembly is reduced.
In some embodiments, in the first direction, the first current collector member is connected to a side of the first current collector facing away from the second current collector, and the second current collector member is connected to a side of the second current collector facing away from the first current collector.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, through connecting first collection of current component in the one side that first collection of current deviates from the second collection of current component to make first collection of current component connect in the one side that first collection of current component has not coated positive pole coating or negative pole coating, thereby be favorable to increasing the area of contact between first collection of current component and the first collection of current component, and then can effectively promote the connection stability between first collection of current component and the first collection of current component, and can reduce the contact resistance between first collection of current component and the first collection of current component. Similarly, the second current collecting member is connected to one side of the second current collector, which is away from the first current collector, so that the second current collecting member is connected to one side of the second current collector, which is not coated with the anode coating layer or the cathode coating layer, thereby being beneficial to increasing the contact area between the second current collecting member and the second current collector, further effectively improving the connection stability between the second current collecting member and the second current collector, and reducing the contact resistance between the second current collecting member and the second current collector.
In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further comprises a separator; the isolating film is arranged between the adjacent current collector and the solid electrolyte layer along the first direction so as to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged in a facing manner.
In the technical scheme, the isolating film is arranged between the current collector and the solid electrolyte layer, so that the isolating film can further assist the solid electrolyte layer to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged oppositely, and the risk of short circuit of the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged oppositely caused by the fact that the solid electrolyte layer has processing errors or is damaged can be reduced, and further the use safety of the electrode assembly can be improved.
In some embodiments, projections of the positive electrode coating layers on the plurality of current collectors in the first direction coincide with each other; projections of the negative electrode coating layers on the current collectors in the first direction are overlapped with each other.
In the technical scheme, set up to the projection coincidence in the first direction through the anodal coating on every mass flow body, and set up the negative pole coating on every mass flow body to the projection coincidence in the first direction, the area size of anodal coating on every mass flow body is the same promptly, and the area size of the negative pole coating on every mass flow body is the same, thereby can produce the regular electrode subassembly of shape, the electrode subassembly that adopts this kind of structure is convenient for process and make every mass flow body in unison, be favorable to promoting electrode subassembly's production efficiency, thereby be convenient for carry out batch production to electrode subassembly.
In some embodiments, the projected area of the positive electrode coating layers on the plurality of current collectors on the current collector gradually increases from one end to the other end of the electrode assembly in the first direction.
In the technical scheme, the positive electrode coating layers on the current collectors are arranged to be of a structure with the projection area gradually increasing in the first direction, namely the area of the positive electrode coating layers on the current collectors is gradually increased in the first direction, so that the electrode assembly with the gradually increasing structural shape in the first direction can be produced, and the single batteries with different structural shapes can be produced to be suitable for different use scenes.
In some embodiments, along the first direction, a projection area of the positive electrode coating layer having the smallest projection area of the positive electrode coating layers on the current collectors is S 1 The projection area of the positive coating layer on the current collector with the maximum projection area on the current collector is S 2 Satisfy, S 1 ≥0.9×S 2 。
In the technical scheme, the electric capacity of the electrode assembly depends on the projection area of the anode coating layer with the minimum projection area, so that the projection area of the anode coating layer with the minimum projection area on the anode coating layers on the current collectors is not less than 90% of the projection area of the anode coating layer with the maximum projection area, the electric capacity of the electrode assembly is ensured, the phenomenon that the electric capacity of the electrode assembly is too small due to the fact that the projection area of the anode coating layer with the minimum projection area is too small can be relieved, and the use performance of a battery cell with the electrode assembly is ensured.
In some embodiments, projections of the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer coated on both sides of the current collector in the first direction coincide with each other.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up to the same with being located anodal coating and the negative pole coating area size on the both sides of same mass flow body, this kind of structure is convenient for process anodal coating and negative pole coating on the mass flow body on the one hand, and on the other hand can optimize electrode assembly's occupation space, is favorable to promoting the free energy density of battery that has this kind of electrode assembly.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a battery cell, including a case and the electrode assembly described above; the electrode assembly is received in the case.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, including a case and the battery cell; the battery unit is accommodated in the box body.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, including the above battery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electrode assembly provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a partial view of an electrode assembly provided in some embodiments of the present application in a width direction of a negative electrode coating layer;
fig. 8 is a partial view of an electrode assembly provided in some embodiments of the present application in a length direction of an anode coating layer;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application in other embodiments;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an electrode assembly according to still other embodiments of the present application.
Icon: 1000-a vehicle; 100-a battery; 10-a box body; 11-a first tank body; 12-a second tank body; 20-a battery cell; 21-a housing; 211-a housing; 2111-opening; 212-end cap; 22-an electrode assembly; 221-a current collector; 221 a-a first current collector; 221 b-a second current collector; 222-a solid electrolyte layer; 223-positive electrode coating layer; 224-a negative electrode coating layer; 225-a first current collecting member; 226-a second current collecting member; 23-positive electrode terminal; 24-negative electrode terminal; 25-a pressure relief mechanism; 200-a controller; 300-a motor; x-a first direction; y-the length direction of the cathode coating layer; z-width direction of the cathode coating layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
The term "and/or" in this application is only one kind of association relationship describing the associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the embodiments of the present application, like reference numerals denote like parts, and a detailed description of the same parts is omitted in different embodiments for the sake of brevity. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the present application and the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.
The appearances of "a plurality" in this application are intended to mean more than two (including two).
In the present application, the battery cell may include a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion primary battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium ion battery, a magnesium ion battery, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery cell may be a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery cells are generally divided into three types in an encapsulation manner: the cylindrical battery monomer, the square battery monomer and the soft package battery monomer are also not limited in the embodiment of the application.
Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, etc. Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells or a plurality of battery modules. The box can avoid liquid or other foreign matters to influence the charge or discharge of battery cells.
The battery has the outstanding advantages of high energy density, small environmental pollution, large power density, long service life, wide application range, small self-discharge coefficient and the like, and is an important component of the development of new energy resources nowadays. With the continuous development of battery technology, higher requirements on the use safety of batteries are also put forward. Therefore, the safety of the battery cell determines the safety of the battery.
The inventor finds that, for a general battery cell, the battery cell is generally obtained by assembling an electrode assembly (bare cell) by winding or laminating a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator, then placing the assembled battery cell into a shell, and finally injecting an electrolyte. The positive pole pieces and the negative pole pieces are correspondingly provided with positive pole lugs and negative pole lugs used for outputting or inputting electric energy, series-parallel connection among the plurality of positive pole pieces is achieved through the positive pole lugs, and series-parallel connection among the plurality of negative pole pieces is achieved through the negative pole lugs. However, the output voltage of the battery cell is generally low, the application range is narrow, and the internal leakage distance of the battery cell is long, so that the internal resistance of the battery cell is large, and the service performance of the battery cell is poor.
In order to solve the problems of lower output voltage and larger internal resistance of a single battery, a single battery with serially connected inner parts is designed in the prior art, an electrode assembly of the single battery is formed by stacking a plurality of bipolar pole pieces, the two sides of each bipolar pole piece are respectively coated with a positive active material layer and a negative active material layer, the polarities of the active material layers coated on the opposite surfaces of the two adjacent bipolar pole pieces are opposite, the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece which are used for outputting electric energy are respectively arranged on the two sides of the bipolar pole pieces, so that the structure of serially connecting the single battery is realized, on one hand, the output voltage of the single battery can be effectively increased, so that the high-voltage use requirement is met, on the other hand, the internal creepage distance of the single battery can be effectively shortened, the internal resistance of the single battery can be favorably reduced, the structure that a plurality of lugs are arranged in the single battery can be cancelled, the internal space utilization rate of the single battery is optimized, the energy density of the single battery can be favorably improved, and the use performance of the single battery can be effectively improved. However, in the battery cell with such a structure, the plurality of bipolar pole pieces are stacked and sequentially connected in series, so that the internal voltage of the battery cell is increased, and the electrolyte is decomposed to generate gas under a high-voltage working environment, so that the battery cell is easily exploded and ignited, and the electrode assembly is easily separated from lithium during the use, so that the battery cell has a great potential safety hazard during the use.
In view of the above, in order to ensure that the battery cell has good service performance and solve the problem of great potential safety hazard of the battery cell during use, the inventors have conducted intensive research and design an electrode assembly including a plurality of current collectors and a solid electrolyte layer. A plurality of mass flow bodies set up along the first direction is range upon range of, and every two adjacent relative one sides of mass flow body coat with anodal coating and negative pole coating respectively, and anodal coating and negative pole coating arrange along first direction in turn. The solid electrolyte layer is arranged between two adjacent current collectors along the first direction so as to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged in a facing mode. And along the first direction, the projection area of the positive coating layer on the current collector is smaller than the projection area of the negative coating layer arranged opposite to the positive coating layer on the current collector.
In the electrode assembly with the structure, one side of each of the plurality of current collectors of the electrode assembly, which is opposite to the two adjacent current collectors, is provided with the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer respectively, and the positive electrode coating layers and the negative electrode coating layers are alternately arranged in the first direction to realize the internal series structure of the electrode assembly, so that the battery cell with the electrode assembly can effectively shorten the internal creepage distance of the battery cell and reduce the internal resistance of the battery cell on one hand, and can cancel the structure of the tab arranged on each current collector of the electrode assembly on the other hand, thereby being beneficial to optimizing the internal space of the battery cell and reducing the weight of the battery cell to improve the energy density of the battery cell.
In addition, through setting up the solid electrolyte layer between two adjacent mass flow wares, in order to realize that metal ion removes between the anodal coating and the negative pole coating facing setting, the electrode subassembly that adopts this kind of structure can alleviate the phenomenon that solid electrolyte layer flows between different anodal coating and negative pole coating, in order to reduce the risk that solid electrolyte layer produces gas and causes the battery monomer to catch fire and explode in the decomposition appearance under the high pressure environment of inside series connection, thereby be favorable to reducing the potential safety hazard of battery monomer in the use, and set up the projection area of negative pole coating in the first direction as being greater than facing the projection area of the anodal coating that sets up in the first direction, thereby can reduce the phenomenon that the lithium is appeared in the use to electrode subassembly, in order to promote the free safety in utilization of the battery who has this kind of electrode subassembly.
The electrode assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the application can be used in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts, but not limited to. The power supply system with the electric device can be composed of the single battery, the battery and the like, so that the potential safety hazard of the single battery in the use process can be effectively reduced, and the use safety of the battery is improved.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric device using a battery as a power supply, wherein the electric device can be but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric automobile, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. The electric toy may include a stationary or mobile electric toy, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.
For convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking an electric device as an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile may be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or an extended range automobile, etc. The battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operation power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigation, and operational power requirements while the vehicle 1000 is traveling.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source of the vehicle 1000, instead of or in part of fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10.
Wherein the case 10 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 20, and the case 10 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 10 may include a first case body 11 and a second case body 12, the first case body 11 and the second case body 12 cover each other, and the first case body 11 and the second case body 12 together define a fitting space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second box body 12 can be a hollow structure with one open end, the first box body 11 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12, so that the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 jointly define an assembly space; the first case body 11 and the second case body 12 may be both hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first case body 11 may be covered on the open side of the second case body 12. Of course, the case 10 formed by the first case body 11 and the second case body 12 may be various shapes, for example, a cylindrical body, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like.
In the battery 100, the number of the battery cells 20 may be multiple, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, where in series-parallel refers to both series connection and parallel connection among the multiple battery cells 20. The plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box body 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a battery module, and then connecting a plurality of battery modules in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a whole, and accommodating the whole in the case 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.
Wherein each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; but is not limited to, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium ion battery, or a magnesium ion battery. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular parallelepiped, or other shape. Illustratively, in fig. 3, the battery cell 20 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
Referring to fig. 3 and further to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery cell 20 includes a case 21 and an electrode assembly 22, and the case 21 serves to receive the electrode assembly 22.
In which case 21 serves to house electrode assembly 22, case 21 may have various structural forms. In some embodiments, the case 21 may include a case body 211 and an end cap 212, the case body 211 is a hollow structure with an opening 2111 at one side, and the end cap 212 is covered at the opening 2111 of the case body 211 and forms a sealed connection to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 and the electrolyte.
Alternatively, the housing 211 may take a variety of configurations. The material of the housing 211 and the material of the end cap 212 may be various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
When assembling the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 may be placed in the case 211, the electrolyte may be filled in the case 211, and the end cap 212 may be fitted to the opening 2111 of the case 211.
The housing 211 may be various shapes such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. The shape of the case 211 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 22. For example, if electrode assembly 22 is of a cylindrical construction, it may optionally be a cylindrical housing; if the electrode assembly 22 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped case may be used. Of course, the end cap 212 may have various structures, such as a plate-like structure, a hollow structure with an opening 2111 at one end, and the like. Illustratively, in fig. 3, the electrode assembly 22 is of a cylindrical structure, and correspondingly, the case 211 is of a cylindrical structure, the end cap 212 is of a cylindrical plate-like structure, and the end cap 212 covers the opening 2111 of the case 211.
In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 may further include a positive electrode terminal 23 and a negative electrode terminal 24, the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 are both mounted on the end cap 212 in an insulated manner, i.e., the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 are not electrically connected to the end cap 212, and the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 are both used for electrically connecting to the electrode assembly 22 to serve as a positive output electrode and a negative output electrode of the battery cell 20. Of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 may be mounted on the case 211.
It is understood that the case 21 is not limited to the above structure, and the case 21 may have other structures, for example, the case 21 includes a case body 211 and two end caps 212, the case body 211 has a hollow structure with two opposite side openings 2111, and one end cap 212 is correspondingly covered at one opening 2111 of the case body 211 and forms a sealed connection to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 and the electrolyte. In this structure, the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 may be attached to the same end cap 212, or may be attached to both end caps 212.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 25, where pressure relief mechanism 25 is mounted to end cap 212, and where pressure relief mechanism 25 is located between positive electrode terminal 23 and negative electrode terminal 24. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 25 may be mounted to the housing 211. The pressure relief mechanism is used to relieve the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined value.
For example, the pressure relief mechanism 25 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof sheet, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.
The electrode assembly 22 is a cloth member that causes a chemical reaction in the battery cell 20, and the electrode assembly 22 has a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material layer for causing a chemical reaction, and mainly works by metal ions moving between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer.
Referring to fig. 4, and referring further to fig. 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an electrode assembly 22 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The present application provides an electrode assembly 22, the electrode assembly 22 comprising a plurality of current collectors 221 and a solid electrolyte layer 222. The plurality of current collectors 221 are stacked along the first direction X, opposite sides of every two adjacent current collectors 221 are respectively coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 and a negative electrode coating layer 224, and the positive electrode coating layers 223 and the negative electrode coating layers 224 are alternately arranged along the first direction X. The solid electrolyte layer 222 is disposed between two adjacent current collectors 221 in the first direction X to partition the facing cathode coating layer 223 and anode coating layer 224. Wherein, along the first direction X, a projected area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the current collector 221 is smaller than a projected area of the negative electrode coating layer 224 disposed opposite to the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the current collector 221.
The positive electrode coating layer 223 is a positive electrode active material layer coated on one side of the current collector 221, and the positive electrode active material layer may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate, or the like. Correspondingly, the negative electrode coating layer 224 is a negative electrode active material layer coated on one side of the current collector 221, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon, silicon, or the like.
Alternatively, the current collectors 221 of the electrode assembly 22 may be three, four, five, six, or the like. For example, the material of the current collector 221 may be aluminum or copper.
It should be noted that, opposite sides of every two adjacent current collectors 221 are coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 and a negative electrode coating layer 224, and the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are alternately arranged along the first direction X, that is, the polarities of the active materials disposed on the opposite sides of every two adjacent current collectors 221 are opposite, only one side of two current collectors 221 of the plurality of current collectors 221 located on both sides in the first direction X is provided with a positive electrode coating layer 223 or a negative electrode coating layer 224, and the polarities of the active materials disposed on both sides of a current collector 221 located in the middle position in the first direction X of the plurality of current collectors 221 are opposite, that is, the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are respectively, so as to form a structure in which the positive electrode coating layers 223 and the negative electrode coating layers 224 are alternately arranged along the first direction X.
For convenience of description, referring to fig. 6, two current collectors 221 of the plurality of current collectors 221 located at both sides in the first direction X are respectively defined as a first current collector 221a and a second current collector 221b, the first current collector 221a is coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 at a side facing the second current collector 221b in the first direction X, and a current collector 221 adjacent to the first current collector 221a is coated with a negative electrode coating layer 224 at a side facing the first current collector 221a in the first direction X, correspondingly, the second current collector 221b is coated with a negative electrode coating layer 224 at a side facing the first current collector 221a in the first direction X, and a current collector 221 adjacent to the second current collector 221b is coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 at a side facing the second current collector 221b in the first direction X, so that the first current collector 221a can serve as a positive output electrode of the electrode assembly 22 and the second current collector 221b can serve as a negative output electrode of the electrode assembly 22, thereby achieving output or input of electric energy of the electrode assembly 22.
The solid electrolyte layer 222 is disposed between two adjacent current collectors 221 along the first direction X to separate the facing positive electrode coating layer 223 and the facing negative electrode coating layer 224, that is, one solid electrolyte layer 222 is disposed between the facing positive electrode coating layer 223 and the facing negative electrode coating layer 224 in the first direction X.
The solid electrolyte layer 222 is a solid ion conductor electrolyte, and metal ions of the solid electrolyte layer 222 can move between the adjacent and facing positive electrode coating layer 223 and negative electrode coating layer 224, so that the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are chemically reacted. The specific structure of the solid electrolyte layer 222 can be found in the related art, and is not described herein.
For example, the material of the solid electrolyte layer 222 may be polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene oxide, or the like.
In the first direction X, a projected area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the current collector 221 is smaller than a projected area of the negative electrode coating layer 224 disposed facing the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the current collector 221, that is, in the facing positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224, a projected area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 in the first direction X is smaller than a projected area of the negative electrode coating layer 224 in the first direction X, that is, a coated area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 is smaller than a coated area of the negative electrode coating layer 224.
The positive electrode coating layers 223 and the negative electrode coating layers 224 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of two adjacent current collectors 221 in the plurality of current collectors 221 of the electrode assembly 22, and the positive electrode coating layers 223 and the negative electrode coating layers 224 are alternately arranged in the first direction X to realize an internal series structure of the electrode assembly 22, so that the battery cell 20 with the electrode assembly 22 can effectively shorten the internal creepage distance of the battery cell 20 and reduce the internal resistance of the battery cell 20, and can cancel a structure in which a tab is arranged on each current collector 221 of the electrode assembly 22, thereby being beneficial to optimizing the internal space of the battery cell 20 and reducing the weight of the battery cell 20 to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20. In addition, by arranging the solid electrolyte layer 222 between two adjacent current collectors 221, metal ions can move between the facing positive electrode coating layer 223 and the facing negative electrode coating layer 224, the electrode assembly 22 adopting such a structure can alleviate the phenomenon that the solid electrolyte layer 222 flows between the different positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224, so as to reduce the risk that the solid electrolyte layer 222 decomposes and generates gas under the internal series high-pressure environment to cause fire and explosion of the battery cell 20, thereby being beneficial to reducing the potential safety hazard of the battery cell 20 in the use process, and the projection area of the negative electrode coating layer 224 in the first direction X is set to be larger than the projection area of the facing positive electrode coating layer 223 in the first direction X, so as to reduce the phenomenon that the electrode assembly 22 generates lithium in the use process, and improve the use safety of the battery cell 20 with the electrode assembly 22.
According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 6, the cathode coating layer 224 covers the cathode coating layer 223 facing thereto along the first direction X, that is, in the facing cathode coating layer 223 and the cathode coating layer 224, a projection of the cathode coating layer 223 in the first direction X is entirely fallen into the cathode coating layer 224.
By disposing the anode coating layer 224 to cover the cathode coating layer 223 disposed facing each other along the first direction X, a projection of the cathode coating layer 223 in the first direction X can completely fall into the anode coating layer 224 disposed facing each other, thereby facilitating further reduction of the risk of lithium deposition during use of the electrode assembly 22.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, and referring to fig. 7 and 8 further, fig. 7 is a partial view of an electrode assembly 22 provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure in a width direction Z of a negative electrode coating layer, and fig. 8 is a partial view of the electrode assembly 22 provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure in a length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer. The positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are rectangular and are arranged along the length direction of the negative electrode coating layerThe width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto is D toward Y 1 D is not more than 0.1mm 1 Is less than or equal to 5mm. And/or the width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto in the width direction Z of the negative electrode coating layer is D 2 D is not more than 0.1mm 2 ≤5mm。
The positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are rectangular, that is, the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are coated on the current collector 221 in a rectangular shape.
The width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto is D along the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer 1 And D is not more than 0.1mm 1 5mm or less, that is, as shown in FIG. 7, both ends of the negative electrode coating layer 224 are beyond the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto in the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer, and the size of the excess portion is between 0.1mm and 5mm. For example, the width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, or the like along the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer.
Likewise, the width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto in the width direction Z of the negative electrode coating layer is D 2 And D is not more than 0.1mm 2 ≦ 5mm, that is, as shown in FIG. 8, both ends of the negative electrode coating layer 224 are beyond the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto in the width direction Z of the negative electrode coating layer, and the size of the excess portion is also between 0.1mm and 5mm. For example, the width of the negative electrode coating layer 224 beyond the portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing thereto may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, or the like in the width direction Z of the negative electrode coating layer.
Through setting the size that the negative pole coating 224 surpasses rather than facing the both ends of the positive pole coating 223 that sets up to 0.1mm to 5mm on the length direction Y of negative pole coating, it is same, set up the size that the negative pole coating 224 surpasses rather than facing the both ends of the positive pole coating 223 that sets up to 0.1mm to 5mm on the width direction Z of negative pole coating, the electrode subassembly 22 of this kind of structure can effectively guarantee the effect of covering of negative pole coating 224 to the positive pole coating 223 that sets up to facing on the one hand, and can alleviate and cause the great phenomenon of processing technology degree of difficulty because of the undersize that surpasss, on the other hand can alleviate and lead to the extravagant or too big phenomenon of occupation space of negative pole coating 224 because of the oversize size that surpasss.
According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the first direction X, the solid electrolyte layer 222 covers the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto, that is, in the solid electrolyte layer 222 and the anode coating layer 224 adjacently disposed, a projection of the anode coating layer 224 in the first direction X falls entirely within the solid electrolyte layer 222.
By arranging the solid electrolyte layer 222 to cover the adjacent negative electrode coating layer 224 along the first direction X, the projection of the negative electrode coating layer 224 on the first direction X can fall into the adjacent solid electrolyte layer 222, so that the separation effect of the solid electrolyte layer 222 on the oppositely arranged positive electrode coating layer 223 and negative electrode coating layer 224 is improved, the short circuit phenomenon of the oppositely arranged positive electrode coating layer 223 and negative electrode coating layer 224 is reduced, and the risk of short circuit of the electrode assembly 22 in the using process can be effectively reduced.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the solid electrolyte layer 222 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are rectangular, and the width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond the two ends of the negative electrode coating layer 224 adjacent to the solid electrolyte layer is D along the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer 3 D is not more than 0.5mm 3 Less than or equal to 5mm. And/or the width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond the two ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto is D in the width direction Z of the anode coating layer 4 D is not more than 0.5mm 4 ≤5mm。
Both the solid electrolyte layer 222 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 are rectangular, that is, the solid electrolyte layer 222 has a rectangular structure, and the coated shape of the negative electrode coating layer 224 on the current collector 221 is also rectangular.
Along the length direction Y of the cathode coating layerThe width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond the portions of both ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto is D 3 And D is not more than 0.5mm 3 ≦ 5mm, that is, as shown in FIG. 7, both ends of the solid electrolyte layer 222 are beyond the anode coating layer 224 disposed adjacent thereto in the length direction Y of the anode coating layer, and the dimension of the excess portion is between 0.5mm and 5mm. Illustratively, the width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond both ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto may be 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, or the like, along the length direction Y of the anode coating layer.
Likewise, the width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond the portions of both ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto is D in the width direction Z of the anode coating layer 4 And D is not more than 0.5mm 4 ≦ 5mm, that is, as shown in FIG. 8, both ends of the solid electrolyte layer 222 are beyond the anode coating layer 224 disposed adjacent thereto in the width direction Z of the anode coating layer, and the dimension of the excess portion is between 0.5mm and 5mm. Illustratively, the width of the solid electrolyte layer 222 beyond both ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto may be 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, or the like, in the width direction Z of the anode coating layer.
By setting the dimension of the solid electrolyte layer 222 exceeding the two ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacently arranged to the solid electrolyte layer to be 0.5mm to 5mm in the length direction Y of the anode coating layer, and similarly, setting the dimension of the solid electrolyte layer 222 exceeding the two ends of the anode coating layer 224 adjacently arranged to the solid electrolyte layer to be 0.5mm to 5mm in the width direction Z of the anode coating layer, the electrode assembly 22 with such a structure can relieve the phenomenon that the coverage effect of the solid electrolyte layer 222 on the adjacent anode coating layer 224 is poor due to the excessively small exceeding dimension, so as to achieve a good separation effect on the cathode coating layer 223 and the anode coating layer 224 which are oppositely arranged, and can relieve the phenomenon that the occupied space of the solid electrolyte layer 222 is too large and the material is wasted due to the excessively large exceeding dimension.
According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the current collectors 221 of the plurality of current collectors 221 at both ends of the electrode assembly 22 in the first direction X are first and second current collectors 221a and 221b, respectively. The electrode assembly 22 further includes a first current collecting member 225 and a second current collecting member 226, the first current collecting member 225 being connected to the first current collector 221a, and the second current collecting member 226 being connected to the second current collector 221b.
Wherein a side of the first current collector 221a facing the adjacent current collector 221 is coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 so that the first current collecting member 225 can serve as a positive output electrode of the electrode assembly 22 after being connected to the first current collector 221a, and the first current collecting member 225 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 23 of the battery cell 20. Correspondingly, one side of the second current collector 221b facing the adjacent current collector 221 is coated with the negative electrode coating layer 224, so that the second current collecting member 226 can serve as a negative output electrode of the electrode assembly 22 after being connected to the second current collector 221b, and the second current collecting member 226 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 24 of the battery cell 20.
The first current collector member 225 functions to electrically connect the first current collector 221a and the positive electrode terminal 23, and the second current collector member 226 functions to electrically connect the second current collector 221b and the negative electrode terminal 24, so that the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 can be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 22. The material of the first current collecting member 225 and the second current collecting member 226 may be aluminum, copper, or the like.
Illustratively, in fig. 4 and 5, the positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 of the battery cell 20 are both located on the same side of the battery cell 20 in the length direction Y of the negative coating layer, such that the first current collecting member 225 and the second current collecting member 226 are also respectively connected to the same side of the first current collector 221a and the second current collector 221b in the length direction Y of the negative coating layer, so as to facilitate connection of the first current collecting member 225 with the positive electrode terminal 23 and connection of the second current collecting member 226 with the negative electrode terminal 24.
Of course, in other embodiments, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application in other embodiments. The positive electrode terminal 23 and the negative electrode terminal 24 of the battery cell 20 may also be respectively disposed on two sides of the battery cell 20 in the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer, and correspondingly, the first current collecting member 225 and the second current collecting member 226 are also respectively connected to two sides of the first current collector 221a and the second current collector 221b in the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer, so that the first current collecting member 225 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 23, and the second current collecting member 226 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 24.
The electrode assembly 22 is further provided with the first and second current collecting members 225 and 226 connected to the first and second current collectors 221a and 221b, respectively, among the plurality of current collectors 221, so as to serve as the positive and negative output electrodes of the electrode assembly 22 via the first and second current collecting members 225 and 226, and such a structure is adopted to facilitate the connection of the electrode assembly 22 to the positive and negative electrode terminals 23 and 24 of the battery cell 20, which is advantageous to reduce the difficulty in assembling the battery cell 20 having such an electrode assembly 22.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the first current collecting member 225 is connected to a side of the first current collector 221a facing away from the second current collector 221b, and the second current collecting member 226 is connected to a side of the second current collector 221b facing away from the first current collector 221a, along the first direction X.
The first current collecting member 225 is connected to a side of the first current collector 221a facing away from the second current collector 221b, that is, the first current collecting member 225 is connected to a side of the first current collector 221a not coated with the active material. Of course, in other embodiments, the first current collecting member 225 may also be connected to one end of the first current collector 221a in the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer.
The second current collecting member 226 is connected to a side of the second current collector 221b facing away from the first current collector 221a, i.e., the second current collecting member 226 is connected to a side of the second current collector 221b not coated with an active material. Of course, in other embodiments, the second current collecting member 226 may also be connected to one end of the second current collector 221b in the length direction Y of the negative electrode coating layer.
The first current collecting member 225 is connected to the side of the first current collector 221a away from the second current collector 221b, so that the first current collecting member 225 is connected to the side of the first current collector 221a not coated with the positive electrode coating 223 or the negative electrode coating 224, and thus the contact area between the first current collecting member 225 and the first current collector 221a is increased, the connection stability between the first current collecting member 225 and the first current collector 221a can be effectively improved, and the contact resistance between the first current collecting member 225 and the first current collector 221a can be reduced. Similarly, the second current collecting member 226 is connected to the side of the second current collector 221b away from the first current collector 221a, so that the second current collecting member 226 is connected to the side of the second current collector 221b not coated with the positive electrode coating 223 or the negative electrode coating 224, which is beneficial to increasing the contact area between the second current collecting member 226 and the second current collector 221b, and further, the connection stability between the second current collecting member 226 and the second current collector 221b can be effectively improved, and the contact resistance between the second current collecting member 226 and the second current collector 221b can be reduced.
According to some embodiments of the present application, electrode assembly 22 may also include a separator. The separator is disposed between the adjacent current collector 221 and the solid electrolyte layer 222 in the first direction X to separate the cathode coating layer 223 and the anode coating layer 224 disposed facing each other.
The isolation film is disposed between the current collector 221 and the solid electrolyte layer 222 that are adjacent to each other along the first direction X, that is, in the first direction X, the isolation film is disposed on both sides of the solid electrolyte layer 222, so that the isolation film can be located between the solid electrolyte layer 222 and the adjacent positive electrode coating layer 223 or negative electrode coating layer 224, and thus the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 can be separated.
For example, the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.
By arranging the isolating film between the current collector 221 and the solid electrolyte layer 222, the isolating film can further assist the solid electrolyte layer 222 to separate the oppositely arranged positive electrode coating layer 223 and negative electrode coating layer 224, so that the risk of short circuit of the oppositely arranged positive electrode coating layer 223 and negative electrode coating layer 224 caused by machining error or damage of the solid electrolyte layer 222 can be reduced, and further the use safety of the electrode assembly 22 can be further improved.
According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6, projections of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X coincide with each other, and projections of the negative electrode coating layers 224 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X coincide with each other.
Here, the projections of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X coincide with each other, that is, the projection areas of the plurality of positive electrode coating layers 223 of the electrode assembly 22 in the first direction X are the same.
Projections of the negative electrode coating layers 224 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X coincide with each other, that is, projection areas of the plurality of negative electrode coating layers 224 of the electrode assembly 22 in the first direction X are the same.
The positive electrode coating layer 223 on each current collector 221 is arranged to be overlapped in a projection in the first direction X, and the negative electrode coating layer 224 on each current collector 221 is arranged to be overlapped in a projection in the first direction X, that is, the area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 on each current collector 221 is the same, and the area of the negative electrode coating layer 224 on each current collector 221 is the same, so that the electrode assembly 22 with a regular shape can be produced, the electrode assembly 22 with the structure is convenient for uniformly processing and manufacturing each current collector 221, the production efficiency of the electrode assembly 22 is improved, and the mass production of the electrode assembly 22 is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 10, according to some embodiments of the present application, fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an electrode assembly 22 provided in accordance with still other embodiments of the present application. The projected area of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 on the current collectors 221 gradually increases from one end to the other end of the electrode assembly 22 in the first direction X.
Here, the projected areas of the plurality of positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 on the current collectors 221 gradually increase from one end to the other end of the electrode assembly 22 in the first direction X, that is, the projected areas of the plurality of positive electrode coating layers 223 of the electrode assembly 22 gradually increase in the first direction X to form a structure in which the areas of the plurality of positive electrode coating layers 223 gradually increase.
In the electrode assembly 22 having such a structure, the projection areas of the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 on both sides of the same current collector 221 in the first direction X may be the same or different, and it is only necessary to set the projection area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 disposed facing in the first direction X to be smaller than the projection area of the negative electrode coating layer 224.
By setting the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 to have a structure in which the projected area of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 gradually increases in the first direction X, that is, the area of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 gradually increases in the first direction X, the electrode assembly 22 having a gradually increasing structural shape in the first direction X can be produced, and thus the battery cells 20 having different structural shapes can be produced to be suitable for different usage scenarios.
In some embodiments, along the first direction X, a projection area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221, where the projection area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 on the current collector 221 is the smallest, is S 1 The projection area of the positive electrode coating layer 223 with the largest projection area on the current collector 221 of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 is S 2 Satisfy, S 1 ≥0.9×S 2 。
Wherein S is 1 ≥0.9×S 2 That is, the ratio of the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the smallest area among the plurality of cathode coating layers 223 to the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the largest area is not less than 0.9, that is, the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the smallest area among the plurality of cathode coating layers 223 cannot be less than 90% of the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the largest area. For example, the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the smallest area among the plurality of cathode coating layers 223 may be 90%, 91%, 93%, 95%, 98%, or the like, of the area of the cathode coating layer 223 having the largest area.
Since the electric capacity of the electrode assembly 22 depends on the size of the projected area of the positive electrode coating 223 with the smallest projected area, the electric capacity of the electrode assembly 22 can be ensured by setting the projected area of the positive electrode coating 223 with the smallest projected area on the plurality of current collectors 221 to be not less than 90% of the projected area of the positive electrode coating 223 with the largest projected area, and the phenomenon that the electric capacity of the electrode assembly 22 is too small due to the too small projected area of the positive electrode coating 223 with the smallest projected area can be alleviated, so that the service performance of the battery cell 20 having such an electrode assembly 22 can be ensured.
According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 10, projections of the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 coated on both sides of the current collector 221 in the first direction X coincide with each other.
In the above description, that is, the areas of the cathode coating layer 223 and the anode coating layer 224 on both sides of the same current collector 221 are the same, so that the projected areas of the plurality of anode coating layers 224 of the electrode assembly 22 are also gradually increased along the first direction X to form a structure in which the areas of the plurality of anode coating layers 224 are gradually increased, thereby allowing the electrode assembly 22 to have a trapezoidal structure, and thus enabling the manufacture of the battery cell 20 having an anisotropic structure such as a trapezoid, a triangle, etc.
By setting the areas of the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 on the two sides of the same current collector 221 to be the same, the structure is convenient for processing the positive electrode coating layer 223 and the negative electrode coating layer 224 on the current collector 221 on one hand, and can optimize the occupied space of the electrode assembly 22 on the other hand, thereby being beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 with the electrode assembly 22.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery cell 20, which includes a case 21 and the electrode assembly 22 of any of the above aspects, wherein the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the case 21.
According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery 100 is further provided, where the battery 100 includes a case 10 and the battery cell 20 of any of the above aspects, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electrical device, including the battery 100 according to any of the above aspects, and the battery 100 is used for providing electrical energy for the electrical device.
The powered device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that employ battery 100.
According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5-8, the present application provides an electrode assembly 22, the electrode assembly 22 including a plurality of current collectors 221, a solid state electrolyte layer 222, a first current collecting member 225, and a second current collecting member 226. The plurality of current collectors 221 are stacked in the first direction X, one side of each two adjacent current collectors 221 is coated with a positive electrode coating layer 223 and a negative electrode coating layer 224, the positive electrode coating layers 223 and the negative electrode coating layers 224 are alternately arranged in the first direction X, the negative electrode coating layers 224 cover the positive electrode coating layers 223 facing the positive electrode coating layers, and the projection area of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the current collectors 221 is smaller than the projection area of the negative electrode coating layers 224 facing the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the current collectors 221. The solid electrolyte layer 222 is disposed between two adjacent current collectors 221 along the first direction X to separate the cathode coating layer 223 and the anode coating layer 224 disposed facing each other, and the solid electrolyte layer 222 covers the anode coating layer 224 adjacent thereto along the first direction X. The current collectors 221, which are located at two ends of the electrode assembly 22 along the first direction X, are a first current collector 221a and a second current collector 221b, respectively, the first current collecting member 225 is connected to a side of the first current collector 221a facing away from the second current collector 221b, and the second current collecting member 226 is connected to a side of the second current collector 221b facing away from the first current collector 221 a. Projections of the positive electrode coating layers 223 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X are overlapped with each other, and projections of the negative electrode coating layers 224 on the plurality of current collectors 221 in the first direction X are overlapped with each other.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (15)

1. An electrode assembly, comprising:
the current collectors are stacked along a first direction, one side, opposite to each two adjacent current collectors, of each current collector is coated with a positive coating layer and a negative coating layer, and the positive coating layers and the negative coating layers are arranged alternately along the first direction; and
a solid electrolyte layer disposed between two adjacent current collectors along the first direction to partition the facing positive electrode coating layer and the facing negative electrode coating layer;
wherein, along the first direction, the projection area of the positive coating layer on the current collector is smaller than the projection area of the negative coating layer on the current collector, which is arranged in a way of facing the positive coating layer.
2. The electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the anode coating layer covers the cathode coating layer disposed facing thereto in the first direction.
3. The electrode assembly according to claim 2, wherein the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer are rectangular, and the negative electrode coating layer has a width D exceeding portions of both ends of the positive electrode coating layer disposed facing thereto in a length direction of the negative electrode coating layer 1 D is not more than 0.1mm 1 Less than or equal to 5mm; and/or
Along the width direction of the negative electrode coating layer, the width of the part of the negative electrode coating layer, which exceeds the two ends of the positive electrode coating layer and faces the negative electrode coating layer, is D 2 D is not more than 0.1mm 2 ≤5mm。
4. The electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the solid electrolyte layer covers the anode coating layer adjacent thereto in the first direction.
5. The electrode assembly according to claim 4, wherein the solid electrolyte layer and the anode coating layer are rectangular, and a width of a portion of the solid electrolyte layer beyond both ends of the anode coating layer adjacent thereto is D in a length direction of the anode coating layer 3 D is not more than 0.5mm 3 Less than or equal to 5mm; and/or
The width of the solid electrolyte layer beyond the two ends of the cathode coating layer adjacent to the solid electrolyte layer along the width direction of the cathode coating layer is D 4 D is not more than 0.5mm 4 ≤5mm。
6. The electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the current collectors of the plurality of current collectors located at both ends of the electrode assembly in the first direction are a first current collector and a second current collector, respectively;
the electrode assembly also includes a first current collecting member connected to the first current collector and a second current collecting member connected to the second current collector.
7. The electrode assembly of claim 6, wherein the first current collecting member is connected to a side of the first current collector facing away from the second current collector and the second current collecting member is connected to a side of the second current collector facing away from the first current collector in the first direction.
8. The electrode assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
and the isolating membrane is arranged between the adjacent current collector and the solid electrolyte layer along the first direction so as to separate the anode coating layer and the cathode coating layer which are arranged in a facing manner.
9. The electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein projections of the positive electrode coating layers on a plurality of the current collectors in the first direction coincide with each other;
projections of the negative electrode coating layers on the current collectors in the first direction are overlapped with each other.
10. The electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the projected area of the positive electrode coating layers on the plurality of current collectors on the current collector is gradually increased from one end to the other end of the electrode assembly in the first direction.
11. The electrode assembly according to claim 10, wherein, in the first direction, a projected area of the positive electrode coating layer having a smallest projected area of the positive electrode coating layers on the current collectors in the plurality of current collectors is S 1 The projection area of the positive coating layer on the current collector with the maximum projection area on the current collector is S 2 Satisfy, S 1 ≥0.9×S 2 。
12. The electrode assembly according to claim 10, wherein projections of the positive electrode coating layer and the negative electrode coating layer coated on both sides of the current collector in the first direction coincide with each other.
13. A battery cell, comprising:
a housing; and
the electrode assembly of any of claims 1-12, housed within the case.
14. A battery, comprising:
a box body; and
the battery cell of claim 13, contained within the case.
15. An electric device characterized by comprising the battery according to claim 14.
CN202222092160.6U 2022-08-09 2022-08-09 Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and electric device Active CN218414706U (en)

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CN202222092160.6U CN218414706U (en) 2022-08-09 2022-08-09 Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and electric device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222092160.6U CN218414706U (en) 2022-08-09 2022-08-09 Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery and electric device

Publications (1)

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CN218414706U true CN218414706U (en) 2023-01-31

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