CN218414662U

CN218414662U - Fuel cell system

Info

Publication number: CN218414662U
Application number: CN202222221413.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴振诗; 刘坚; 陈志星
Original assignee: Shenzhen Nanke Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Nanke Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-23
Filing date: 2022-08-23
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell system, include: the hydrogen fuel cell comprises a galvanic pile, a hydrogen supply unit, an air compressor, a heat exchanger and a galvanic pile shell, wherein the galvanic pile is arranged in the galvanic pile shell; the air compressor comprises a main runner and a bearing heat dissipation runner which are in contact with each other, and the main runner is connected with the electric pile; the heat exchanger comprises a first channel and a second channel which are in contact with each other, one end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the hydrogen supply unit, the other end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the galvanic pile, one end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, and the other end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the galvanic pile shell; this application has reduced the consumption of air compressor machine, has improved the utilization ratio of air compressor machine, and this application can also utilize the air after the bearing heat dissipation runner output heat exchange to preheat hydrogen, has satisfied the demand that fuel cell low temperature starts to fuel cell system's efficiency has been promoted.

Description

Fuel cell system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell's technical field, in particular to fuel cell system.

Background

In a fuel cell system, it is usually necessary to enclose a fuel cell stack in a sealed casing to protect the stack, however, during the operation of a fuel cell power system, more or less hydrogen and water vapor may leak out from the stack, and as the operation time increases, the leaked hydrogen will be gathered in a cavity formed between the fuel cell stack and the casing, which presents a great safety hazard. Meanwhile, the separated water vapor can be condensed in the cavity to form liquid water, which affects the insulativity of the fuel cell stack and other electric devices, accelerates corrosion, and affects the reliability and the service life of a fuel cell power system. In order to solve the problems, the cavity needs to be continuously ventilated to be purged, leaked hydrogen and water vapor are discharged in time, the cavity is ventilated, and the hydrogen and the water vapor are prevented from being gathered.

In the prior art, air compressed by an air compressor is divided into two parts, one part of air enters a galvanic pile to perform electrochemical reaction with hydrogen so as to generate electric energy, and the other part of air is shunted to the inside of a galvanic pile shell so as to provide air for the inside of the galvanic pile shell to be purged.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a fuel cell system that can reduce power consumption of an air compressor.

A fuel cell system comprising:

the electric pile is arranged in the electric pile shell;

a hydrogen gas supply unit;

the air compressor comprises a main flow channel and a bearing heat dissipation flow channel which are in contact with each other, the main flow channel is connected with the electric pile, air can enter the air compressor through an inlet of the air compressor, one part of air enters the main flow channel, the other part of air enters the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, the air is compressed in the main flow channel, the main flow channel is used for outputting the compressed air to the electric pile, and the bearing heat dissipation flow channel is used for carrying out heat exchange between the air and the main flow channel so as to cool the main flow channel; and

the heat exchanger comprises a first channel and a second channel which are in contact with each other, one end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the hydrogen supply unit, the other end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the electric pile, one end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, the other end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the electric pile shell, the bearing heat dissipation flow channel is used for outputting air after heat exchange to the heat exchanger for preheating the hydrogen, the first channel of the heat exchanger is used for outputting the preheated hydrogen to the electric pile, and the second channel of the heat exchanger is used for outputting the air to the electric pile shell so as to purge the inside of the electric pile shell.

Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises an air supply unit connected to an inlet of the air compressor, the air supply unit being configured to output air to the air compressor.

Optionally, the stack comprises a hydrogen module and an air module which are connected, one end of the first channel of the heat exchanger, which is far away from the hydrogen supply unit, is connected with the hydrogen module, and the main channel is connected with the air module.

Optionally, the stack further comprises a coolant module, and the coolant module is respectively connected with the hydrogen module and the air module.

Optionally, the fuel cell system further comprises an exhaust port, the outlet of the hydrogen module is connected with the exhaust port to exhaust excess hydrogen, and the outlet of the air module is connected with the exhaust port to exhaust excess air.

Optionally, the stack shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected with one end, far away from the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, of the second channel of the heat exchanger, so that air enters the interior of the stack shell and sweeps the interior of the stack shell, and the air outlet is connected with the air outlet to discharge air after sweeping.

The application provides a fuel cell system, through in partly exporting the air that gets into from the entry of air compressor machine to bearing heat dissipation runner, air in the bearing heat dissipation runner carries out the heat exchange with the heat that the sprue during operation produced, thereby cool off the sprue and obtain the air after the intensification, the air after the intensification gets into in the heat exchanger carries out the heat exchange with hydrogen, obtain the air after the cooling, the air after the cooling gets into the pile casing, in order to sweep the inside of pile casing, because the air that sweeps the inside of pile casing of this application is not compressed in the sprue of air compressor machine, the fuel cell system of this application can utilize the air of bearing heat dissipation runner output to accomplish sweeping the inside of pile casing, do not need the extra compressed air of air compressor machine to provide the sweep gas for the pile casing, thereby the consumption of air compressor machine has been reduced, the utilization ratio of air compressor machine has been improved, this application can also utilize the air after the intensification of bearing heat dissipation runner output to preheat hydrogen, the demand that the fuel cell cold start-up has been satisfied, thereby the efficiency of fuel cell system has been promoted.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system in one embodiment.

1. A galvanic pile; 11. a hydrogen module; 12. an air module; 13. a coolant module; 2. a hydrogen gas supply unit; 3. an air compressor; 31. a main flow channel; 32. a bearing heat dissipation runner; 4. a heat exchanger; 41. a first channel; 42. a second channel; 5. a stack case; 51. an air inlet; 52. an air outlet; 6. an air supply unit; 7. an exhaust port; .

The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit ly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, including a technical scheme, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a fuel cell system including a stack 1, a hydrogen supply unit 2, an air compressor 3, a heat exchanger 4, and a stack case 5, the stack 1 being disposed in the stack case 5; the air compressor 3 comprises a main flow passage 31 and a bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32 which are in contact with each other, the main flow passage 31 is connected with the electric pile 1, air can enter the air compressor 3 through an inlet of the air compressor 3, a part of the air enters the main flow passage 31, the other part of the air enters the bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32, the air is compressed in the main flow passage 31, the main flow passage 31 is used for outputting the compressed air to the electric pile 1 to provide enough air with certain pressure for the electric pile 1, the bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32 is used for supplying the air to exchange heat with the main flow passage 31 to cool the main flow passage 31, the heat exchanger 4 comprises a first passage 41 and a second passage 42 which are in contact with each other, the first passage 41 and the second passage 42 are arranged adjacently at intervals, one end of the first passage 41 of the heat exchanger 4 is connected with the hydrogen supply unit 2, hydrogen of the hydrogen supply unit 2 is input into the first passage 41, the other end of the first passage 41 of the heat exchanger 4 is connected with the electric pile 1, one end of the second passage 42 of the heat exchanger 4 is connected with the bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32, the other end of the second passage 42 of the heat exchanger 4 is connected with the electric pile housing 5, the heat dissipation flow passage 32 is used for outputting the air from the heat exchanger 4 to the electric pile housing 5, the heat exchanger 4, and outputting the air to the heat exchanger 4 for preheating the electric pile housing 5, and outputting the air to the electric pile housing 5.

The application provides a fuel cell system, export to bearing heat dissipation runner 32 in through the air that will get into from the entry of air compressor machine 3 partly, the air in the bearing heat dissipation runner 32 carries out the heat exchange with the heat that sprue 31 during operation produced, thereby cool off sprue 31 and obtain the air after the intensification, air after the intensification gets into in the heat exchanger 4 and carries out the heat exchange with hydrogen, obtain the air after the cooling, the air after the cooling gets into galvanic pile casing 5, in order to sweep the inside of galvanic pile casing 5, because the air that sweeps to galvanic pile casing 5's inside of this application is not compressed in the sprue 31 of air compressor machine 3, the fuel cell system of this application can utilize the air that bearing heat dissipation runner 32 output to accomplish sweeping the inside of galvanic pile casing 5, it provides the sweeping gas to need not air compressor machine 3 extra compressed air to come for galvanic pile casing 5, thereby the consumption of air compressor machine 3 has been reduced, the utilization ratio of air compressor machine 3 has been improved, this application can also utilize the air after the intensification of bearing heat dissipation runner 32 output to preheat hydrogen, the demand that fuel cell starts is satisfied, thereby the low temperature fuel cell system's efficiency has been promoted.

Specifically, the hydrogen supply unit 2 may be a container in which pure hydrogen is accommodated.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the air compressor 3 is an air-cooled air compressor, and air exchanges heat with the main flow passage 31 in the bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32 to complete cooling of the main flow passage 31.

Specifically, the heat exchanger 4 includes a housing, and a first passage 41 and a second passage 42 provided in the housing, the first passage 41 being provided around the second passage 42, the hydrogen supply unit 2 supplying hydrogen into the first passage 41, and the hot air output from the bearing heat dissipation passage 32 of the air compressor 3 entering the second passage 42 to exchange heat with the air in the first passage 41.

Specifically, the first passage 41 and the second passage 42 are each made of a metal material having good thermal conductivity to achieve heat exchange between hydrogen and air having a temperature difference.

Specifically, the first channel 41 and the second channel 42 are not communicated, and the hydrogen in the first channel 41 exchanges heat with the air in the second channel 42, so that the preheating of the hydrogen is completed, and the hydrogen can be started at a low temperature when entering the cell stack 1.

Specifically, the heat exchanger 4 may be a spiral plate heat exchanger, the spiral plate heat exchanger is a heat exchanger in which two parallel metal plates are rolled into two spiral passages, the two spiral passages are the first passage 41 and the second passage 42 of the present application, and heat exchange is performed between cold and hot fluids through spiral plate walls, and the spiral plate heat exchanger has an advantage of high heat transfer efficiency.

Referring to fig. 1, the fuel cell system further includes an air supply unit 6, the air supply unit 6 being connected to an inlet of the air compressor 3, the air supply unit 6 being for outputting air to the air compressor 3.

Referring to fig. 1, the stack 1 includes a hydrogen module 11 and an air module 12 connected, an end of the first channel 41 of the heat exchanger 4, which is remote from the hydrogen supply unit 2, is connected to the hydrogen module 11, and the main channel 31 is connected to the air module 12.

Specifically, one end of the first passage 41 of the heat exchanger 4, which is remote from the hydrogen supply unit 2, is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen module 11, and the primary flow passage 31 is connected to the inlet of the air module 12.

Specifically, the first passage 41 of the heat exchanger 4 outputs the preheated hydrogen gas to the hydrogen module 11, and the main flow passage 31 of the air compressor 3 outputs a sufficient amount of air having a certain pressure to the air module 12.

Referring to fig. 1, the stack 1 further includes a coolant module 13, and the coolant module 13 is connected to the hydrogen module 11 and the air module 12, respectively.

Specifically, the coolant module 13 contains coolant, and a large amount of heat is generated due to electrochemical changes of hydrogen in the hydrogen module 11 and air in the air module 12 when the stack 1 operates, so that the stack 1 needs to be provided with the coolant module 13 to cool itself.

Referring to fig. 1, the fuel cell system further includes an exhaust port 7, an outlet of the hydrogen module 11 is connected to the exhaust port 7 to exhaust excessive hydrogen gas, and an outlet of the air module 12 is connected to the exhaust port 7 to exhaust excessive air.

Referring to fig. 1, the stack casing 5 is provided with an air inlet 51 and an air outlet 52, the air inlet 51 is connected with one end of the second passage 42 of the heat exchanger 4 away from the bearing heat dissipation flow passage 32 so as to allow air to enter the inside of the stack casing 5 to purge the inside of the stack casing 5, and the air outlet 52 is connected with the air outlet 7 so as to discharge the purged air.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not so limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all of which are in the utility model discloses a conceive, utilize the equivalent structure transform that the content of the specification and the attached drawings did, or directly/indirectly use all to include in other relevant technical fields the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:

the electric pile is arranged in the electric pile shell;

a hydrogen gas supply unit;

the heat exchanger comprises a first channel and a second channel which are in contact with each other, one end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the hydrogen supply unit, the other end of the first channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the electric pile, one end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, the other end of the second channel of the heat exchanger is connected with the electric pile shell, the bearing heat dissipation flow channel is used for outputting air after heat exchange to the heat exchanger to preheat the hydrogen, the first channel of the heat exchanger is used for outputting preheated hydrogen to the electric pile, and the second channel of the heat exchanger is used for outputting air to the electric pile shell to purge the inside of the electric pile shell.

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising an air supply unit connected to an inlet of the air compressor, the air supply unit being configured to output air to the air compressor.

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the stack includes a hydrogen module and an air module connected, an end of the first passage of the heat exchanger remote from the hydrogen supply unit is connected to the hydrogen module, and the main flow passage is connected to the air module.

4. The fuel cell system of claim 3, wherein the stack further comprises a coolant module, the coolant module being connected to the hydrogen module and the air module, respectively.

5. The fuel cell system of claim 3, further comprising an exhaust port, the outlet of the hydrogen module being connected to the exhaust port to exhaust excess hydrogen gas, and the outlet of the air module being connected to the exhaust port to exhaust excess air.

6. The fuel cell system of claim 5, wherein the stack shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected with one end of the second channel of the heat exchanger, which is far away from the bearing heat dissipation flow channel, so that air enters the interior of the stack shell to purge the interior of the stack shell, and the air outlet is connected with the air outlet so as to discharge the purged air.