CN218333142U - Waste heat discharge system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a reactor heat dissipation technical field specifically provides a waste heat discharge system, aims at solving current air cooling system heat exchange efficiency and hangs down, the big problem of occupation space. Mesh for this reason, the utility model discloses a waste heat discharge system includes: the independent heat exchanger, cooler, steam line and return liquid pipeline, the liquid return pipeline intussuseption is filled with the coolant liquid, and independent heat exchanger is less than the cooler in the direction of height. A first heat exchange runner of the independent heat exchanger is communicated with the liquid heavy metal reactor, a second heat exchange runner is communicated with the steam pipeline and the liquid return pipeline, and the two runners are independent of each other and exchange heat with each other. During operation, the cooling liquid in the liquid return pipeline is changed into a gas state or a gas-liquid two-phase state after passing through the independent heat exchanger, the gas state enters the steam pipeline, enters the cooler through the steam pipeline, is changed into the liquid state again, enters the independent heat exchanger through the liquid return pipeline to cool the liquid heavy metal, the heat exchange efficiency is higher than that of gas cooling, and in the circulating cooling process, the cooling medium is not required to be driven by external kinetic energy.

Description

Waste heat discharge system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a reactor heat dissipation technical field, concretely relates to waste heat discharge system.

Background

Under the accident condition of cooling the reactor by the liquid heavy metal, part of waste heat is continuously generated even if the reactor is stopped emergently. In order to ensure the operation safety of the reactor, the liquid heavy metal reactor in the pool needs to be provided with a waste heat discharge device to discharge the waste heat of the reactor core.

In order to discharge the residual heat of the core, a cooling system of a heat exchanger in the residual heat discharge device must be driven by a power supply to circulate so as to cool the core. However, in the case of a verification accident and superposition thereof, such as a power failure in a whole plant, the standby power supply cannot be used, and the safety facility requiring power supply often has the possibility of failure.

In order to avoid the situation, a reactor container air cooling system is mostly adopted in the design of the existing liquid heavy metal reactor as a main passive residual heat removal system, is positioned outside a safety container, and drives hot air to flow upwards completely by means of density difference caused by the temperature difference of the air per se so as to cool the reactor container and further cool a reactor core. The reactor container air cooling system is adopted as a main passive residual heat removal system, and although the reactor container air cooling system completely depends on air natural circulation to take away the residual heat of the reactor core without an external power supply, the heat exchange efficiency of the method is low, and the occupied space of external equipment is large.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at solving above-mentioned technical problem, promptly, solve the problem that current air cooling system heat exchange efficiency is low, occupation space is big.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem among the prior art, the utility model provides a waste heat discharge system, including independent heat exchanger, cooler, steam line and liquid return pipeline, independent heat exchanger includes first heat transfer import, first heat transfer export, second heat transfer import and second heat transfer export, first heat transfer import with form first heat transfer runner between the first heat transfer export, second heat transfer import with form second heat transfer runner between the second heat transfer export, first heat transfer runner with the second heat transfer runner is independent each other and can carry out the heat exchange each other, the cooler includes cooling inlet and cooling outlet, first heat transfer import with first heat transfer export and liquid heavy metal reactor intercommunication, second heat transfer export with the import intercommunication of steam line, steam line's export with cooling inlet intercommunication, cooling outlet with the import intercommunication of liquid return pipeline, the export of liquid return pipeline with second import intercommunication, liquid return pipeline intussuseption is filled with the coolant liquid, independently be less than in the direction of height the cooler.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the waste heat discharge system moves, the coolant liquid that the intussuseption of liquid return pipeline was changed into gaseous state or gas-liquid two-phase state after independent heat exchanger, and the gaseous state gets into the steam conduit, makes the pipeline keep the malleation, avoids the outside air to get into, and the gaseous state gets into the cooler through the steam conduit under the pressure effect simultaneously, becomes liquid once more to liquid heavy metal in the liquid heat transfer runner of liquid return pipeline reentrant single-column heater cools off. The cooling liquid heat exchange efficiency is high relative to the gas cooling efficiency, and the waste heat discharge system does not need external kinetic energy to drive a cooling medium in the circulating cooling process, so that external driving equipment is saved, and the space is saved.

In a specific embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the system further includes a first liquid storage container, a heater, a filling pipeline, and a first on-off valve, the first liquid storage container stores cooling liquid, the heater is disposed in the first liquid storage container and is used for heating the cooling liquid in the first liquid storage container, the first liquid storage container has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is communicated with the steam pipeline, the liquid outlet is communicated with an inlet of the filling pipeline, an outlet of the filling pipeline is communicated with the liquid return pipeline, and the first on-off valve is disposed on the filling pipeline and located between the liquid outlet and the liquid return pipeline.

Under the condition that adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, when the coolant liquid temperature was lower, the heater can heat the coolant liquid in the first stock solution container, and the second heat transfer runner that gets into independent heat exchanger after the coolant liquid of heating mixes with the coolant liquid in the return liquid pipeline cools off the liquid heavy metal in the first heat transfer runner, can avoid the temperature of coolant liquid to hang down and lead to liquid heavy metal to solidify.

In a specific embodiment of the above waste heat removal system, the first liquid storage container is higher in height than the separate heat exchanger.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coolant liquid can be more smoothly and quick through the filling pipeline from first stock solution container under the action of gravity and get into the second heat transfer runner of independent heat exchanger and cool off the liquid heavy metal in the first heat transfer runner, saves coolant liquid drive arrangement, and then saves the space that waste heat discharge system took, makes arranging of entire system compacter.

In an embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the waste heat discharging system further includes a second liquid storage container, the second liquid storage container stores cooling liquid, and the cooler is disposed in the second liquid storage container and at least partially immersed by the cooling liquid.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coolant liquid in the second stock solution container can improve the cooling effect to the cooler, and then improves whole waste heat discharge system's cooling effect.

In an embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the top end of the second liquid storage container is an open structure.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, along with the circulation of waste heat discharge system, the coolant liquid in the second stock solution container evaporates gradually, and air cooling's ratio increases, and entire system's cooling rate is corresponding to slow down, suits with the condition that the liquid heavy metal in the first heat transfer runner of independent heat exchanger carries out the heat transfer volume that needs and reduces gradually along with the heat transfer.

In a specific embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the second liquid storage container is provided with a through hole communicated with the environment, and the through hole is provided with an air valve.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can open the blast gate and adjust the amount of wind according to the actual demand of heat transfer condition, the exchange of the hot air at the acceleration cooler position and cold air improves heat exchange efficiency.

In an embodiment of the exhaust heat system, the exhaust heat system further includes a second cut-off valve disposed on the liquid return line.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the waste heat discharge system moves, can open first on-off valve earlier, open the second on-off valve again, avoid when the system just begins to move, the lower coolant liquid of temperature that does not mix directly gets into independent heat exchanger and cools off liquid heavy metal, leads to liquid heavy metal to solidify.

In a specific embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the system further includes a third shutoff valve, the third shutoff valve is disposed on the liquid return pipeline, an outlet of the filling pipeline is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the second shutoff valve and the third shutoff valve, the second shutoff valve is disposed on a side far away from the independent heat exchanger, and the third shutoff valve is disposed on a side close to the independent heat exchanger.

Under the condition that adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, when taking place the wrong condition of first on-off valve and second on-off valve opening order, can effectively stop the coolant liquid, avoid the lower coolant liquid of the lower temperature of unmixing directly to get into independent heat exchanger and cool off liquid heavy metal, lead to liquid heavy metal to solidify.

In an embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the waste heat discharging system further comprises a pressure relief valve, and the pressure relief valve is disposed on the steam pipeline.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, the pressure can be released under the condition that the pressure of a steam pipeline of the waste heat discharging system is large, and the reliable and safe operation of the system is ensured.

In an embodiment of the above waste heat discharging system, the waste heat discharging system further comprises a vacuum pumping device, and a suction port of the vacuum pumping device is communicated with the steam pipeline or the liquid return pipeline.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, before the system operates, non-condensed gas in the system can be pumped out, and the heat exchange efficiency of the system is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a waste heat removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

List of reference numerals

1. The heat exchanger comprises an independent heat exchanger 1-1, a second heat exchange outlet 1-2, a second heat exchange inlet 1-3, a first heat exchange inlet 1-4 and a first heat exchange outlet; 2. a third shutoff valve; 3. a second on-off valve; 4. a return line; 5. an air valve; 6. a second reservoir; 7. a cooler; 8. a pressure relief valve; 9. a first on-off valve; 10. a heater; 11. a first reservoir; 12. a filling pipeline; 13 steam line.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not for limiting the scope of the present invention. And can be adjusted as needed by those skilled in the art to suit particular applications. For example, although the coolant is described in the specification with reference to water, it is apparent that the present invention may be used with various other types of coolant as long as the coolant does not corrode a vapor line or the like, such as a mixture of coolant oil and coolant water or other coolant.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "height", "top", "upper", "two sides", "middle", "between", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating positional relationship are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the related device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the ordinal numbers "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "communicate" and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; the connection can be mechanical connection or other connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Based on the problem that exists among the current air cooling system, the utility model provides a waste heat discharge system, including independent heat exchanger, cooler, steam conduit and return liquid pipeline, independent heat exchanger is less than the cooler in the direction of height. The first heat exchange runner and the second heat exchange runner of the independent heat exchanger are independent of each other and can exchange heat with each other, the first heat exchange runner is communicated with the liquid heavy metal reactor, one end of the second heat exchange runner is communicated with a steam pipeline, the other end of the second heat exchange runner is communicated with a liquid return pipeline, the steam pipeline is communicated with the liquid return pipeline, and cooling liquid is filled in the liquid return pipeline. Therefore, the cooling liquid in the liquid return pipeline enters the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger under the action of gravity, after the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the liquid heavy metal in the first heat exchange flow channel, the cooling liquid becomes a gaseous state or a gas-liquid two-phase state, the gaseous state enters the cooler again through the steam pipeline and becomes a liquid state, the process is repeatedly circulated, and preheating and discharging of the reactor are achieved. The utility model discloses a coolant liquid cooling compares in gas cooling heat exchange efficiency height, and among the circulative cooling process, need not the drive of outside power supply.

The waste heat removal system of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a system diagram of the waste heat removal system of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste heat removal system, which includes an independent heat exchanger 1, a cooler 7, a steam pipeline 13 and a liquid return pipeline 4. The independent heat exchanger 1 comprises a first heat exchange inlet 1-3, a first heat exchange outlet 1-4, a second heat exchange inlet 1-2 and a second heat exchange outlet 1-1, a first heat exchange flow channel is formed between the first heat exchange inlet 1-3 and the first heat exchange outlet 1-4, a second heat exchange flow channel is formed between the second heat exchange inlet 1-2 and the second heat exchange outlet 1-1, and the first heat exchange flow channel and the second heat exchange flow channel are independent and can exchange heat with each other. The first heat exchange inlet 1-3 and the first heat exchange outlet 1-4 are communicated with the liquid heavy metal reactor, the outlet of the liquid return pipeline 4 is communicated with the second heat exchange inlet 1-2 of the independent heat exchanger 1, and the second heat exchange outlet 1-1 is communicated with the inlet of the steam pipeline 13. The cooler 7 comprises a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, the outlet of the steam pipeline 13 is communicated with the cooling inlet of the cooler 7, the cooling outlet of the cooler 7 is communicated with the inlet of the liquid return pipeline 4, and the liquid return pipeline 4 is filled with cooling liquid. In this embodiment, the individual heat exchanger 1 is lower than the cooler 7 in the height direction.

It should be noted that the first heat exchanging ports 1-3 and the first heat exchanging outlets 1-4 of the present invention are not limited to the positions shown in the drawings, and the positions of the two ports can be interchanged.

Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the cooling liquid is taken as water as an example, and the rest of the description is made, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other cooling liquids, such as a mixture of cooling oil and cooling water, may be used in addition to water.

So, when the waste heat removal system is operated, the cooling water filled in the liquid return pipeline 4 passes through the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger 1 and is changed into a gaseous state or a gas-liquid two-phase state after exchanging heat with the liquid heavy metal in the first heat exchange flow channel, the water vapor enters the steam pipeline 13, the pipeline is kept in a positive pressure state, the external air is prevented from entering, meanwhile, the water vapor enters the cooler 7 through the steam pipeline 13 based on the characteristics of the water vapor and the effect of the pressure, the water is condensed again into water, and the water vapor enters the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger 1 again through the liquid return pipeline 4 to cool the liquid heavy metal in the first heat exchange flow channel.

The waste heat discharge system adopts cooling water to cool the liquid heavy metal, the heat exchange efficiency is high relative to the gas cooling efficiency, and the waste heat discharge system does not need external kinetic energy to drive a cooling medium to circulate in the circulating cooling process.

It should be noted that, the utility model discloses do not add the restriction to the concrete structure of independent heat exchanger 1 and cooler 7, can be any and satisfy the utility model discloses independent heat exchanger 1 and cooler 7 of heat transfer demand, if independent heat exchanger 1 can be shell and tube heat exchanger or double pipe heat exchanger, cooler 7 can be fin heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger etc. preferably, independent heat exchanger 1 is bayonet tube heat exchanger, and cooler 7 is shell and tube heat exchanger. The cooler 7 and the independent heat exchanger 1 may be disposed at other suitable positions in the residual heat removal system, without being limited to the position illustrated in fig. 1, on the premise that the independent heat exchanger 1 is lower than the cooler 7 in the height direction. The number of independent heat exchangers 1 and coolers 7 can be increased by one skilled in the art as desired, without being limited to one.

In the waste heat removal system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a first liquid storage container 11, a heater 10, a filling pipeline 12 and a first on-off valve 9. The first liquid storage container 11 is preferably a thermal insulation water tank storing cooling water therein, and the heater 10 is preferably an electric heater provided in the first liquid storage container 11 for heating the cooling water in the first liquid storage container 11. The top and the bottom of the first liquid storage container 11 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is communicated with the steam pipeline 13, the liquid outlet is communicated with the inlet of the filling pipeline 12, the outlet of the filling pipeline 12 is communicated with the liquid return pipeline 4, and the first on-off valve 9 is arranged on the filling pipeline 12 and is located between the liquid outlet and the liquid return pipeline 4.

Like this, heater 10 can heat the cooling water in the first stock solution container 11, and when waiting to operate, the steam that the heating evaporation produced makes and is in the malleation state in the pipeline of waste heat discharge system, avoids the outside air to get into. Moreover, after the heated cooling water is mixed with the cooling water in the liquid return pipeline 4, the cooling water enters the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger 1 to cool the liquid heavy metal in the first heat exchange flow channel, and the phenomenon that the liquid heavy metal is solidified due to the fact that the temperature of the cooling water is too low can be avoided.

The heater 10 may be integrally provided with the first liquid storage container 11, or may be provided separately, and the heating method may be electric heating or other heating methods. The first liquid storage container 11 may be any container capable of storing water, such as a non-thermal water storage container, a water tank, etc., besides the thermal water storage container. Of course, the first reservoir 11, the heater 10, the filling line 12 and the first on-off valve 9 are not essential and can be selected by a person skilled in the art based on the specific application scenario.

In the waste heat removal system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first liquid storage container 11 is higher than the independent heat exchanger 1 in the height direction. Therefore, under the action of gravity, cooling water can enter the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger 1 from the first liquid storage container 11 through the filling pipeline 12 more smoothly and quickly to cool the liquid heavy metal in the first heat exchange flow channel, and a cooling water driving device is saved.

Of course, the first liquid storage container 11 may also adopt other arrangement modes in the height direction, such as being equal to or lower than the independent heat exchanger 1, and at this time, the first liquid storage container 11 may guide the cooling water to the independent heat exchanger 1 by means of the cooling water driving device.

The utility model discloses an among the waste heat discharge system that a preferred embodiment provided, still include second stock solution container 6, second stock solution container 6 is in the utility model discloses well selection water bath, the pond is stored with the cooling water, and cooler 7 sets up in second stock solution container 6, and at least part of immersion cooler 7 of cooling water, cooling water in the preferred pond can all immersion cooler 7. At this time, the cooling water in the second liquid storage container 6 can improve the cooling effect on the cooler 7, and further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the whole waste heat discharge system.

In the waste heat removal system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top end of the second liquid storage container 6 is an open structure. In this case, along with the circulation of waste heat discharge system, the cooling water in second stock solution container 6 evaporates gradually, and in the cooling to cooler 7, air cooling's proportion increases, and the cooling rate of whole system is corresponding slows down, and this suits with the condition that the liquid heavy metal in the first heat transfer runner of independent heat exchanger 1 carries out the heat transfer volume that needs along with the circulation reduces gradually, promptly, cooling efficiency and the cold district demand of reactor match.

The open structure of the second liquid storage container 6 is not limited to the form illustrated in fig. 1, and may be one or more through holes, such as circular holes, formed in the top end or the upper portion of the side wall of the second liquid storage container 6.

The utility model discloses an among the waste heat discharge system that an preferred embodiment provided, set up the through-hole with the environment intercommunication on the second stock solution container 6, the through-hole setting is preferably installed blast gate 5 in the bottom of second stock solution container 6 on the through-hole. At the moment, after the cooling water in the water tank is basically evaporated, the air valve 5 can be opened and the air quantity can be adjusted according to the requirement of the heat exchange condition, so that the exchange of hot air and cold air at the position of the cooler 7 is accelerated, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

It should be noted that the air valve 5 can also be directly disposed inside or outside the second liquid storage container 6, and is not limited to the position shown in the figure. The air valve 5 is arranged in the second liquid storage container 6, and a hole communicated with the second liquid storage container 6 is not required to be formed. Moreover, when the air valve 5 is arranged outside the second liquid storage container 6, a hole communicated with the second liquid storage container 6 is not required to be formed, and the effect of accelerating cooling is indirectly achieved by cooling the wall of the second liquid storage container 6 and the air circulation outside the second liquid storage container.

The utility model discloses an among the waste heat discharge system that a preferred embodiment provided, still include second on-off valve 3, second on-off valve 3 sets up on return line 4. Preferably, the outlet of the filling line 12 is connected to the return line 4 at a position which is at a smaller distance from the separate heat exchanger 1 than the second shut-off valve 3 is at from the separate heat exchanger 1.

So, when the waste heat discharge system moves, can open first on-off valve 9 earlier, open second on-off valve 3 again, avoid when the system just begins to move, the lower cooling water of unmixed temperature directly gets into independent heat exchanger 1 and cools off liquid heavy metal, leads to liquid heavy metal to solidify.

It should be noted that the first on-off valve 9 may be arranged at any other suitable position on the filling line 12, and is not limited to the position illustrated in the figures. Moreover, the second cut-off valve 2 may be provided at any position on the return line 4, and is not limited to the position exemplified in the drawing.

The utility model discloses an among the waste heat discharge system that an preferred embodiment provided, still include third shutoff valve 2, third shutoff valve 2 sets up on liquid return pipe way 4, and second shutoff valve 3 and third shutoff valve 2 are located filling pipeline 12 and liquid return pipe way 4 hookup location's both sides respectively, and second shutoff valve 3 sets up in the one side of keeping away from independent heat exchanger 1, and third shutoff valve 2 sets up in the one side of being close to independent heat exchanger 1.

So, when taking place the condition that first on-off valve 9 and second on-off valve 3 open the order mistake, third on-off valve 2 can effectively stop the cooling water, avoids directly getting into the second heat transfer runner of independent heat exchanger 1 through the lower cooling water of the lower temperature of mixed cooling water and cools off liquid heavy metal, leads to liquid heavy metal to solidify.

It should be noted that the on-off valve in the present invention may be an electromagnetic valve, or may be other valves with on-off function, such as a mechanical valve. When the on-off valve is an electromagnetic valve, the on-off valve is set to be opened when electrified and closed when power is off. The number of the first on-off valves, the second on-off valves and the third on-off valves can be one or more, and the number of the first on-off valves, the second on-off valves and the third on-off valves can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to the actual requirement of the waste heat discharge system. Further, the second cut-off valve 3 and the third cut-off valve 2 may be located on any side of the connection position of the filling line 12 and the liquid return line 4, and are not limited to the positions shown in the drawings.

The utility model discloses in the waste heat discharge system that a preferred embodiment provided, still include relief valve 8, relief valve 8 sets up on steam line 13. Therefore, under the condition that the pressure of the steam pipeline 13 of the waste heat discharging system is large, for example, more than 2 MPa-3 MPa, the pressure release valve 8 can be opened to release the pressure, and the reliable and safe operation of the system is ensured. It should be noted that the pressure relief valve 8 may be disposed at any suitable position of the steam line 13 according to the actual requirement of the waste heat removal system, and is not limited to the position illustrated in fig. 1, and the number of the pressure relief valves 8 is not limited to 1, and may also be disposed in multiple numbers, such as 2, 3, etc., according to the requirement.

In the waste heat exhausting system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat exhausting system further includes a vacuum pumping device, and an air suction port of the vacuum pumping device is communicated with the steam pipeline 13 or the liquid return pipeline 4. Therefore, before the system operates, the vacuumizing device can pump out non-condensed gas in the system, and the heat exchange efficiency of the system is improved.

It should be noted that the vacuum pumping system is not shown in fig. 1, and may be disposed at a suitable position in the residual heat removal system, such as in a steam pipeline, as required.

Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the waste heat removal system and its operation will be described.

As shown in fig. 1, the waste heat removal system provided in this embodiment is provided with an independent heat exchanger 1, a steam pipeline 13, a pressure release valve 8, a water return pipeline 4, a filling pipeline 12, a first liquid storage container 11, the first liquid storage container 11 being a heat preservation water tank, a heater 10, the heater 10 being an electric heater, a first on-off valve 9, a second on-off valve 3, a third on-off valve 2, a cooler 7, a blast gate 5, a second liquid storage container 6, the second liquid storage container 6 being configured as a water tank, and a vacuum pumping device (not shown in the figure), the first liquid storage container 11 and the cooler 7 being higher than the independent heat exchanger 1 in a height direction. The independent heat exchanger 1 comprises a first heat exchange inlet 1-3, a first heat exchange outlet 1-4, a second heat exchange inlet 1-2 and a second heat exchange outlet 1-1, a first heat exchange flow channel is formed between the first heat exchange inlet 1-3 and the first heat exchange outlet 1-4, a second heat exchange flow channel is formed between the second heat exchange inlet 1-2 and the second heat exchange outlet 1-1, and the first heat exchange flow channel and the second heat exchange flow channel are independent and can exchange heat with each other. A first heat exchange inlet 1-3 and a first heat exchange outlet 1-4 of the independent heat exchanger 1 are communicated with the liquid heavy metal reactor, an outlet of the liquid return pipeline 4 is communicated with a second heat exchange inlet 1-2 of the independent heat exchanger 1, and a second heat exchange outlet 1-1 of the independent heat exchanger 1 is communicated with an inlet of the steam pipeline 13. The outlet of the steam pipeline 13 is simultaneously connected with the liquid inlet of the first liquid storage device 11 and the cooling inlet of the cooler, and the steam pipeline is provided with a pressure relief valve 8. The first liquid storage device 10 is provided with a heater 10 for heating water in the first liquid storage device 10, a liquid outlet of a first liquid storage container 11 is communicated with an inlet of a filling pipeline 12, an outlet of the filling pipeline 12 is communicated with a liquid return pipeline 4, and a first on-off valve 9 is arranged on the filling pipeline 12 and is positioned between the liquid outlet of the first liquid storage container 11 and the liquid return pipeline 12. The cooling outlet of the cooler 7 is communicated with the inlet of the liquid return pipeline 4. The cooler 7 is arranged in the second liquid storage container 6, the second liquid storage container 6 is of an open structure, cooling water is stored in the second liquid storage container 6, and the cooler 7 is at least partially immersed in the cooling water. A through hole communicated with the environment is formed in the second liquid storage container 6, and an air valve 5 is installed on the through hole. The second on-off valve 3 and the third on-off valve 2 are arranged on the liquid return pipeline 4 and are respectively positioned on two sides of the connecting position of the filling pipeline 12 and the liquid return pipeline 4. The vacuum extractor is mounted on the steam line 13. The on-off valve is an electromagnetic valve which is set to be opened when being electrified and closed when being powered off.

After the system is installed, water is injected into the first liquid storage container 11, the heater 10 is started, the water is heated to be evaporated, and the steam pipeline 13 is filled with steam, so that the pipeline is in a positive pressure state. And then sequentially opening the third on-off valve 2, the first on-off valve 9 and the second on-off valve 3, vacuumizing the waste heat discharge system by using a vacuumizing device, and pumping out non-condensed gas in the system so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the independent heat exchanger 1 and the cooler 7. Then, the second on-off valve 3, the first on-off valve 9 and the third on-off valve 2 are closed in sequence, and the heater 10 heats the water in the first liquid storage container 11 to wait for operation.

When the steam valve is in operation, the steam pipeline 13 is filled with steam, and the pipe section between the inlet of the liquid return pipeline 4 and the second cut-off valve 3 is filled with liquid water.

When the system starts to be put into use, the first on-off valve 9 is opened, then the third on-off valve 2 is opened, then the second on-off valve 3 is opened, and cooling water and hot water in the liquid return pipeline 4 are mixed and then enter the independent heat exchanger 1. The cooling water is heated in the second heat exchange flow channel of the independent heat exchanger 1 and then is changed into two-phase state or water vapor, the water vapor moves to the cooler 7 along the steam pipeline 13, the cooler 7 exchanges heat with the water in the second liquid storage container 6, the water vapor in the cooler 7 is changed into liquid water after being cooled, and the liquid water flows back to the independent heat exchanger 1 through the liquid return pipeline 4 to form natural circulation. It should be noted that, after the residual heat removal system operates for a period of time, the heater 10 may be turned off, and heat generated in the heat exchange process of the independent heat exchanger 1 is used to heat water and generate water vapor.

As the operation time increases, the water level in the second liquid storage container 6 decreases, and part of the cooler 7 is exposed to the air and exchanges heat with water and air, and when the water in the second liquid storage container 6 is completely evaporated to dryness, the heat exchange between the cooler 7 and the outside completely depends on the air, which is matched with the situation that the heat exchange amount required by the gradual reduction of the core attenuation heat decreases. At this time, whether the air valve 5 is opened or not can be considered according to the size of the waste heat, the opening degree of the air valve 5 is adjusted, the air volume is controlled, and the cooling speed and the cooling efficiency of the waste heat discharging system are indirectly controlled.

It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that although some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the related technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A waste heat discharge system is characterized by comprising an independent heat exchanger, a cooler, a steam pipeline and a liquid return pipeline;

the independent heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange inlet, a first heat exchange outlet, a second heat exchange inlet and a second heat exchange outlet, a first heat exchange runner is formed between the first heat exchange inlet and the first heat exchange outlet, a second heat exchange runner is formed between the second heat exchange inlet and the second heat exchange outlet, and the first heat exchange runner and the second heat exchange runner are independent and can exchange heat with each other;

the cooler comprises a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, the first heat exchange inlet and the first heat exchange outlet are communicated with the liquid heavy metal reactor, the second heat exchange outlet is communicated with the inlet of the steam pipeline, the outlet of the steam pipeline is communicated with the cooling inlet, the cooling outlet is communicated with the inlet of the liquid return pipeline, the outlet of the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the second heat exchange inlet, and cooling liquid is filled in the liquid return pipeline; and

the independent heat exchanger is lower than the cooler in a height direction.

2. The residual heat removal system according to claim 1, further comprising a first liquid storage container, a heater, a filling line and a first on-off valve;

the first liquid storage container is internally stored with cooling liquid, the heater is arranged in the first liquid storage container and used for heating the cooling liquid in the first liquid storage container, the first liquid storage container is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is communicated with the steam pipeline, the liquid outlet is communicated with an inlet of the filling pipeline, an outlet of the filling pipeline is communicated with the liquid return pipeline, and the first on-off valve is arranged on the filling pipeline and is positioned between the liquid outlet and the liquid return pipeline.

3. The residual heat removal system according to claim 2, wherein the first liquid storage container is higher in height than the independent heat exchanger.

4. The residual heat removal system according to claim 1, further comprising a second reservoir, wherein the second reservoir stores a coolant, and the cooler is disposed in the second reservoir and at least partially submerged in the coolant.

5. The residual heat removal system according to claim 4, wherein the top end of the second liquid storage container is an open structure.

6. The waste heat removal system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second liquid storage container is provided with a through hole communicated with the environment, and the through hole is provided with an air valve.

7. The residual heat removal system according to claim 2, further comprising a second on-off valve disposed on the liquid return line.

8. The residual heat removal system according to claim 7, further comprising a third cut-off valve, wherein the third cut-off valve is disposed on the liquid return pipeline, an outlet of the filling pipeline is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the second cut-off valve and the third cut-off valve, the second cut-off valve is disposed on a side far away from the independent heat exchanger, and the third cut-off valve is disposed on a side close to the independent heat exchanger.

9. The residual heat removal system according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure relief valve disposed on the steam pipe.

10. The residual heat removal system according to claim 1, further comprising a vacuum device, wherein a suction port of the vacuum device is communicated with the steam pipeline or the liquid return pipeline.

Images