CN218326150U

CN218326150U - Electromagnetic control reverse gear shift speed reducer power assembly

Info

Publication number: CN218326150U
Application number: CN202222372712.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宇荣
Original assignee: Wenling Huaxin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Wenling Huaxin Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-07
Filing date: 2022-09-07
Publication date: 2023-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromagnetic control reverse gear shift reducer power assembly, which belongs to the technical field of reducers and comprises an input shaft, a first gear driving gear, a second gear driving gear and a gear shift mechanism, wherein the first gear driving gear is arranged on the input shaft through a one-way clutch, the second gear driving gear is sleeved on the input shaft in an idle manner, and the gear shift mechanism can cause the second gear driving gear to be connected with the input shaft to realize gear shift; the reverse gear mechanism comprises a reverse gear clutch disc, an electromagnetic actuating assembly and a return spring, the reverse gear clutch disc rotates synchronously with the input shaft, the reverse gear clutch disc moves axially and is in locking connection with the first gear driving gear to enable the first gear driving gear to be locked with the input shaft to achieve reverse gear, and the electromagnetic actuating assembly is used for actuating the reverse gear clutch disc to move axially. The utility model discloses can provide two sets of reduction ratios, compromise the dynamic property and the economic nature of electric motor car, noise, vibration and the part loss when reducing high-speed the traveling can realize reversing gear again, increase the suitability of device.

Description

Electromagnetic control reverse gear shift speed reducer power assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a reduction gear power assembly, especially an electromagnetic control reverse gear reduction gear power assembly who shifts for electric motor car belongs to reduction gear technical field.

Background

The development and application of new energy vehicles become development hotspots of the industry in the future. The rotating speed range of the driving motor is wider, generally about 0-18000 r/min, even up to 20000r/min, so that the single-stage speed reducer can meet the requirements of realizing large-torque driving at low rotating speed and realizing high-speed running of vehicles at high rotating speed, and the current global mainstream pure electric vehicles adopt a framework that the driving motor is matched with the single-stage speed reducer.

Although the single-stage speed reducer is simple in structure and low in cost, the single transmission ratio of the single-stage speed reducer cannot simultaneously take power performance and economy of the pure electric vehicle into consideration, and the driving motor cannot work in a high-efficiency area all the time, so that the motor is high in energy consumption and low in service life, and the whole vehicle is poor in climbing, starting capability and high-speed performance. In addition, when the vehicle runs at a high speed, the motor needs to maintain an extremely high rotating speed, which brings mechanical problems such as noise, vibration and the like, and greatly consumes parts of the speed reducer. Therefore, in order to improve the electric driving efficiency and balance the cost of the motor and the battery, the electric vehicle uses a two-gear speed reducer as a main trend in the future.

The applicant applies for a friction plate type two-gear speed reducer on the same day, two sets of speed reduction ratios are provided, overrunning clutch gear shifting is realized by adopting a one-way clutch, the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of an electric vehicle can be considered, and meanwhile, the noise, the vibration and the loss during high-speed running are reduced, so that the problems are solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that overcome above-mentioned problem, and provide a solenoid electric control reverse gear reduction gear power assembly that shifts, can provide two sets of speed reduction ratios, compromise the dynamic nature and the economic nature of electric motor car, noise, vibration and part loss when reducing high-speed the traveling can realize reversing gear again, increase the suitability of device.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that:

the utility model provides an electromagnetic control is reverse gear and is shifted reduction gear power assembly, includes driving motor, reduction gear housing, input shaft subassembly, intermediate shaft subassembly, gearshift and output unit, the input shaft subassembly is located the input shaft in reduction gear housing and is located the epaxial one fender driving gear of input, two fender driving gears including the running bearing, the tip and the driving motor of input shaft are connected, the intermediate shaft subassembly includes the jackshaft parallel with the input shaft and a fender driven gear, two fender driven gear of fixed connection on the jackshaft, one keep off driven gear with one keeps off driving gear meshing transmission, two keep off driven gear with two fender driving gear meshing transmission, the intermediate shaft subassembly is connected to output unit, its characterized in that through the reduction gear transmission: the first-gear driving gear is arranged on the input shaft through a one-way clutch, the one-way clutch is set to allow the first-gear driving gear to rotate positively relative to the input shaft, otherwise, the first-gear driving gear is locked, the second-gear driving gear is sleeved on the input shaft in a vacant mode, the gear shifting mechanism is arranged on the right section of the input shaft, and the gear shifting mechanism acts to enable the second-gear driving gear to be connected with the input shaft to realize gear shifting;

the left section of the input shaft is also provided with a reverse gear mechanism, the reverse gear mechanism comprises a reverse gear clutch disc, an electromagnetic actuating assembly and a reset spring, the reverse gear clutch disc is positioned on the left side of the first gear driving gear, is circumferentially fixed and axially movably sleeved on the input shaft and synchronously rotates along with the input shaft, the corresponding positions of the reverse gear clutch disc and the first gear driving gear are provided with tooth-shaped locking connection structures which are matched with each other, and the reverse gear clutch disc is in locking connection with the first gear driving gear so that the first gear driving gear and the input shaft are locked to realize reverse gear; the electromagnetic actuating assembly is used for actuating the reverse gear clutch disc to axially move so as to be locked and connected or separated with the first-gear driving gear; the return spring is at least indirectly abutted against the reverse clutch disc and applies force to the reverse clutch disc to enable the reverse clutch disc to tend to be away from the first-gear driving gear.

The driving gear and the driven gear are arranged at the first gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are arranged at the second gear, two sets of reduction ratios are provided, the high-efficiency interval of the motor is enlarged, the efficiency of the electric vehicle in the low-rotation-speed and high-torque acceleration process is ensured, and the rotation speed of the driving motor can be reduced through gear shifting when the vehicle runs at a high speed, so that the service efficiency of the driving motor is improved, the energy consumption of the motor is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and meanwhile, the noise, vibration and part loss during high-speed running are reduced. And the overrunning gear shifting is realized by utilizing the one-way clutch, and the problem of power interruption in the gear shifting process is solved like the traditional AMT mechanical transmission.

The reverse gear mechanism is arranged, when the reverse gear is carried out, the input shaft rotates reversely, the one-way clutch cannot drive the one-gear driving gear to rotate, but the input shaft can drive the one-gear driving gear to be locked through the reverse gear clutch disc and the one-gear driving gear, so that the driving motor can reversely drive the wheel to rotate and reverse to realize the reverse gear, the applicability of the device is increased, the electromagnetic actuating assembly is adopted for gear shifting, the response speed is high, and the performance is stable and reliable.

Further, in the above-mentioned electromagnetic control power assembly of the reverse gear shift speed reducer, an optimized scheme of the tooth-shaped locking connection structure is as follows: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first end face ratchet wheel integrally formed on the right end face of the reverse gear clutch disc and a second end face ratchet wheel integrally formed on the left end face of a first gear driving gear, the first end face ratchet wheel is matched with the second end face ratchet wheel, the tooth vertical face of the first end face ratchet wheel is in the reverse direction, the tooth back face of the first end face ratchet wheel is in the forward direction, the tooth vertical face of the second end face ratchet wheel is in the reverse direction. By adopting the end face ratchet structure, when the reverse gear is performed, the reverse gear clutch disc rotates reversely along with the input shaft, the first end face ratchet wheel can drive the second end face ratchet wheel to rotate through the matching of the tooth vertical faces, and thus the input shaft drives the first gear driving gear to rotate through the reverse gear clutch disc to realize the reverse gear; when the forward gear is shifted, the reverse gear clutch disc rotates positively along with the input shaft, the tooth back of the first end face ratchet wheel is in the forward direction, and the first end face ratchet wheel can be pushed away from the second end face ratchet wheel even if the first end face ratchet wheel touches the first gear driving gear, so that the reverse gear clutch disc can not interfere with the first gear driving gear when the forward driving is further ensured on the basis of the reset spring, and the reliability of the structure is improved.

The second scheme of the tooth-shaped locking connection structure is as follows: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first end face tooth ring and a second end face tooth ring, wherein the first end face tooth ring is integrally formed on the right end face of the reverse gear clutch disc, the second end face tooth ring is integrally formed on the left end face of the first gear driving gear, and teeth on the first end face tooth ring and teeth on the second end face tooth ring are rectangular teeth or trapezoidal teeth which are matched with each other.

A third solution for a tooth-shaped locking connection is: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first gear hub which is integrally formed at the right end of the reverse gear clutch disc and provided with inner ring teeth and a second gear hub which is integrally formed at the left end of the first gear driving gear and provided with outer ring teeth, and the first gear hub and the second gear hub are matched with each other.

Further, in the above electromagnetic control reverse gear shift reducer power assembly, an optimized solution of the electromagnetic actuating component is: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises a reverse gear cam disc and a reverse gear electromagnet which are coaxially and sequentially arranged on the left side of the reverse gear clutch disc, the reverse gear cam disc is rotatably sleeved on the input shaft, a plurality of concave parts distributed along the circumference are arranged on the right end face of the reverse gear cam disc, the axial depth of each concave part is changed along the circumferential direction, convex parts matched with the concave parts of the reverse gear cam disc in number, shape and position are formed on the left end face of the reverse gear clutch disc, and the reverse gear cam disc can rotate relative to the reverse gear clutch disc to enable the reverse gear clutch disc to axially move to be locked and connected with or separated from a first gear driving gear; the reverse gear electromagnet is fixed with the shell of the speed reducer, and the reverse gear cam disc can be attracted by electrifying the reverse gear electromagnet to rotate relative to the reverse gear clutch disc. The reverse gear clutch disc is connected with the first gear driving gear in a locking mode through two-stage transmission force application of front electromagnetic actuation and relative rotation actuation, large thrust is obtained through low power consumption required for controlling the reverse gear electromagnet, the first gear driving gear is locked with the input shaft to achieve reverse gear, response speed is high, and performance is stable and reliable.

The second optimization scheme of the electromagnetic actuating assembly is as follows: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises a sucking disc and a reverse gear electromagnet, the sucking disc and the reverse gear electromagnet are coaxially arranged with the reverse gear clutch disc, the reverse gear electromagnet is fixed with the shell of the speed reducer, the sucking disc is located on the left side of the reverse gear electromagnet and is fixedly connected with the reverse gear clutch disc, and the reverse gear electromagnet can be electrified to attract the sucking disc to move rightward in the axial direction and push the reverse gear clutch disc to move rightward to be connected with a first gear driving gear in a locking mode. The sucker type electromagnetic actuating assembly is compact in structure, small in size, high in response speed, large in thrust, good in driving load stability, simple to manufacture and low in cost.

A third aspect of the electromagnetic actuation assembly is: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises an annular shell, a reverse electromagnet, an annular supporting sleeve and a sliding sleeve, wherein the annular shell is coaxially arranged on the left side of the reverse clutch disc, the reverse electromagnet is fixed with the reducer shell, the annular supporting sleeve is arranged on the radial inner side of the annular shell, a bearing is arranged between the annular supporting sleeve and the input shaft, the sliding sleeve is axially movably arranged between the annular shell and the annular supporting sleeve, the right end of the sliding sleeve is abutted against the left end face of the reverse clutch disc, and the electromagnet is electrified to enable the sliding sleeve to axially move rightwards so as to push the reverse clutch disc to move rightwards and be connected with a first-gear driving gear in a locking mode. The electromagnetic thrust type actuating assembly is adopted, so that the structure is compact, the size is small, and the response speed is high.

Further, in the above electromagnetic control power assembly of the reverse gear shift speed reducer, an optimized scheme of the shift mechanism is as follows: the gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting shell, a gear shifting friction pair and a gear shifting thrust structure, wherein the gear shifting shell is rotatably supported in a speed reducer shell, the left end part of the gear shifting shell is in transmission connection with the right end part of a two-gear driving gear, the gear shifting friction pair is arranged in the gear shifting shell, the gear shifting friction pair comprises a plurality of driving gear shifting friction plates and driven gear shifting friction plates which are arranged at intervals and coaxial with an input shaft, the driving gear shifting friction plates are connected with the input shaft, the driven gear shifting friction plates are connected with the gear shifting shell and synchronously rotate with the gear shifting shell and the two-gear driving gear, and the gear shifting thrust structure acts to press the driving gear and the driven gear shifting friction plates of the gear shifting friction pair so as to lock the two-gear driving gear and the input shaft to realize gear shifting. Adopt wet-type friction disc gearshift, not only shift and strike little, no pause and frustrate and feel, the noise is little moreover, long service life.

Another solution for the gear shift mechanism is: the gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting electromagnet, a rotary disc, an armature and a gear shifting rotary disc which are coaxial and sequentially arranged from left to right, the gear shifting electromagnet is fixed with the speed reducer shell, the rotary disc is in transmission connection with a second gear driving gear, the armature is circumferentially fixed with the gear shifting rotary disc, the gear shifting rotary disc is in transmission connection with the input shaft, friction surfaces which are matched with each other are respectively arranged on the right end surface of the rotary disc and the left end surface of the armature, the armature can be attracted to move leftwards to press the rotary disc to rub and lock each other when the gear shifting electromagnet is switched on, and the second gear driving gear and the input shaft are locked to achieve gear shifting.

Preferably, in the electromagnetic control power assembly of the reverse gear shift speed reducer, two ends of the input shaft are respectively connected with a driving motor. Two driving motors are configured to increase torque and improve the efficiency of the whole vehicle system.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the two sets of reduction ratios can be provided, the high-efficiency interval of the motor is expanded, the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the electric vehicle are considered, the energy consumption of the motor is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and meanwhile, the noise, vibration and part loss during high-speed running are reduced; the overrunning type gear shifting is realized by adopting the one-way clutch, and the problem of power interruption cannot occur in the gear shifting process;

2. the reverse gear mechanism is arranged, when the reverse drive is carried out, the input shaft can be locked and connected with the first-gear driving gear through the reverse gear clutch disc, so that the driving motor can reversely drive the wheels to rotate and reverse to realize the reverse gear, the applicability of the device is increased, and the electromagnetic actuating assembly is adopted for gear shifting, so that the response speed is high, and the performance is stable and reliable;

3. the gear shifting device has the advantages of reasonable and compact structure, small volume, capability of realizing manual and automatic gear shifting, and effective guarantee of use stability and reliability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse gear mechanism according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shift mechanism according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tooth lock attachment structure.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second alternative of a tooth lock attachment structure in accordance with a first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a third alternative of the tooth lock attachment structure of the first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a reverse gear mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a tooth lock attachment structure according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a reverse gear mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse gear mechanism in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a fifth reverse gear mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a reducer housing; 10. a drive motor; 1a, a tooth vertical surface; 1b, tooth back; 2. an input shaft; 21. a first gear driving gear; 22. two-gear driving gear; 3. an intermediate shaft; 31. a first-gear driven gear; 32. a second driven gear; 4. a one-way clutch; 5. a gear shift mechanism; 51. a gear shifting friction pair; 52. a shift housing; 53. a leading friction pair; 54. a shifting electromagnet; 55. a first cam plate; 56. a second cam plate; 57. a ball bearing; 58. a rotary disk; 59. an armature; 50. a gear shifting turntable; 6. a reverse gear mechanism; 61. a reverse clutch disc; 62. a return spring; 63. a reverse gear cam disc; 64. a reverse gear electromagnet; 65. a spring seat; 66. a spring retainer; 67. a suction cup; 68. an annular housing; 69. an annular support sleeve; 60. a sliding sleeve; 7. a tooth-shaped locking connection structure; 71. a second end surface ratchet wheel; 72. a second end face toothed ring; 721. rectangular teeth; 722. trapezoidal teeth; 731. a first hub gear; 732. a second hub gear.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "forward", "reverse", etc. indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a specific position, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the power assembly of the electromagnetic control reverse gear shift reducer provided by the embodiment includes a driving motor 10, a reducer casing 1, an input shaft assembly, a middle shaft assembly, an output component, a gear shift mechanism 5 and a reverse gear mechanism 6.

The input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft 2 which is rotatably supported in the speed reducer shell 1, a first gear driving gear 21 and a second gear driving gear 22 which are arranged at the middle section position on the input shaft 2, and the end part of the input shaft 2 is connected with the driving motor 10.

Jackshaft subassembly holds jackshaft 3 and fixed connection one on jackshaft 3 in locating reduction case 1 including rotating and keeps off driven gear 31, two keep off driven gear 32, jackshaft 3 and 2 parallel arrangement of input shaft, keeps off driven gear 31 and one keep off driving gear 21 meshing transmission, and two keep off driven gear 32 and two keep off driving gear 22 meshing transmission, and the jackshaft subassembly is connected to output unit through the reduction gears transmission. The shift mechanism 5 is provided on the right section of the input shaft 2, and the reverse mechanism 6 is provided on the left section of the input shaft 2.

In order to realize the gear shifting function, the first-gear driving gear 21 is installed on the input shaft 2 through the one-way clutch 4, the inner ring of the one-way clutch 4 is fixedly connected with the input shaft 2, the outer ring of the one-way clutch 4 is fixedly connected with the first-gear driving gear 21, the one-way clutch 4 is set to allow the first-gear driving gear 21 to rotate in the positive direction relative to the input shaft 2, otherwise, the first-gear driving gear is locked, the second-gear driving gear 22 is freely sleeved on the input shaft 2 through a bearing, and the gear shifting mechanism 5 acts to enable the second-gear driving gear 22 to be connected with the input shaft 2 to realize gear shifting.

To implement the reverse function, the reverse mechanism 6 includes a reverse clutch plate 61, an electromagnetic actuating assembly and a return spring 62, as shown in fig. 2.

The reverse gear clutch disc 61 is located the left side of the first gear driving gear 21, and the fixed axially movable cover of circumference is established on the input shaft 2, along with input shaft 2 synchronous revolution, the corresponding position of reverse gear clutch disc 61 and the first gear driving gear 21 is equipped with the profile of tooth locking connection structure 7 that matches each other, and reverse gear clutch disc 61 and the locking of first gear driving gear 21 are connected and can cause a first gear driving gear 21 and the locking of input shaft 2 to realize reversing gear.

One scheme of the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7 is as follows: as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7 includes a first end surface ratchet wheel (not shown) integrally formed on the right end surface of the reverse clutch disc 61 and a second end surface ratchet wheel 71 integrally formed on the left end surface of the first gear driving gear 21, the first end surface ratchet wheel and the second end surface ratchet wheel 71 are matched with each other, the tooth elevation surface 1a of the first end surface ratchet wheel is in the reverse direction, the tooth back surface 1b is in the forward direction, the tooth elevation surface 1a of the second end surface ratchet wheel 71 is in the forward direction, and the tooth back surface 1b is in the reverse direction. Note that the teeth on the first gear drive gear 21 are not shown in fig. 4. By adopting the end face ratchet structure, when the reverse gear is performed, the reverse gear clutch disc 61 rotates reversely along with the input shaft 2, the first end face ratchet wheel can drive the second end face ratchet wheel 71 to rotate through the matching of the tooth vertical face 1a, so that the input shaft 2 drives the first gear driving gear 21 to rotate through the reverse gear clutch disc 61 to realize the reverse gear; in the forward gear, the reverse clutch disk 61 rotates forward along with the input shaft 2, and the tooth back surface 1b of the first end surface ratchet wheel is in the forward direction, and the second end surface ratchet wheels 71 of the first gear driving gear 21 are pushed away from each other even if the reverse clutch disk 61 touches the second end surface ratchet wheels, so that the reverse clutch disk 61 can be further ensured not to interfere with the first gear driving gear 21 in the forward driving on the basis of the return spring 62, and the reliability of the structure is improved.

A second variant of the tooth-shaped locking connection 7 is: as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7 includes a first end face tooth ring (not shown) integrally formed on the right end face of the reverse clutch disc 61 and a second end face tooth ring 72 integrally formed on the left end face of the first gear driving gear 21, and the teeth on the first end face tooth ring and the second end face tooth ring 72 are rectangular teeth 721 matched with each other. Note that the teeth on the first-gear drive gear 21 are not shown in fig. 5.

The third variant of the tooth-shaped locking connection 7 is substantially identical to the second variant, with the difference that: as shown in fig. 6, the teeth on the first and second end rings 72 are mating trapezoidal teeth 722. Note that the teeth on the first-gear drive gear 21 are not shown in fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the electromagnetic actuating assembly includes a reverse cam disc 63 and a reverse electromagnet 64 coaxially and sequentially disposed on the left side of the reverse clutch disc 61, the reverse cam disc 63 is rotatably sleeved on the input shaft 2, a plurality of recesses distributed along the circumference are disposed on the right end surface of the reverse cam disc 63, the axial depth of the recesses varies along the circumferential direction, and convex portions matched with the recesses of the reverse cam disc 63 in number, shape and position are formed on the left end surface of the reverse clutch disc 61. Under the condition of no influence of other external force, the concave part of the reverse gear cam disc 63 is tightly attached to the convex part of the reverse gear clutch disc 61, the reverse gear cam disc 63 rotates synchronously with the reverse gear clutch disc 61, and the rotation of the reverse gear cam disc 63 relative to the reverse gear clutch disc 61 can cause the convex part to move and climb along the circumferential direction of the concave part, so that the reverse gear clutch disc 61 is driven to move axially to be locked and connected with or separated from the first-gear driving gear 21. The reverse electromagnet 64 is fixed with the reducer case 1, a wire extends into the reducer case 1 to be electrically connected with the reverse electromagnet 64, and the reverse electromagnet 64 is electrified to attract the reverse cam disc 63 to cause the reverse cam disc 63 to rotate relative to the reverse clutch disc 61.

The return spring 62 at least indirectly bears against the reverse clutch disc 61, exerting a force on the reverse clutch disc 61 tending to move it away from the first gear drive gear 21. In this embodiment, the specific structure is that an annular groove is formed in the right end face of the reverse clutch disc 61, the annular groove is located on the radial outer side of the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7 on the reverse clutch disc 61, a spring seat 65 is embedded in the annular groove, a spring holder 66 which is combined with the spring seat 65 to form a space for accommodating the return spring 62 is further arranged on the right side of the spring seat 65, the spring holder 66 is fixed with the reducer casing 1, the return spring 62 is arranged between the spring seat 65 and the spring holder 66, the left end of the return spring is abutted against the spring seat 65, the right end of the return spring is abutted against the spring holder 66 through a flat bearing, and the flat bearing allows relative rotation between the return spring 62 and the spring holder 66.

The principle of realizing reverse gear of the vehicle is as follows: the driving motor 10 drives the input shaft 2 to rotate reversely, at this time, the reverse clutch disc 61 and the reverse cam disc 63 rotate reversely synchronously with the input shaft 2, and the input shaft 2 cannot drive the first-gear driving gear 21 to rotate due to the action of the one-way clutch 4, so that the reverse clutch disc 61 rotates reversely relative to the first-gear driving gear 21. Therefore, when the driving motor 10 rotates reversely, the reverse electromagnet 64 is electrified to attract the reverse gear cam disc 63, so that the reverse gear cam disc 63 rotates relative to the reverse gear clutch disc 61, the reverse gear clutch disc 61 is pushed to move rightwards, the reverse gear clutch disc 61 is locked with the first gear driving gear 21 through the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7, the input shaft 2 is driven by the reverse gear clutch disc 61 to rotate the first gear driving gear 21, and the driving motor 10 can reversely drive the wheels to rotate backwards to realize reverse gear.

As shown in fig. 3, the shift mechanism 5 includes a shift housing 52, a shift friction pair 51 and a shift thrust structure.

The gear shifting housing 52 is rotatably supported in the reducer housing, the left end of the gear shifting housing 52 is in transmission connection with the right end of the second gear driving gear 22 through a key or a spline, and the gear shifting friction pair 51 is arranged in the gear shifting housing 52 and is attached to the inner side of the left end of the gear shifting housing 52. The shift friction pair 51 includes a plurality of driving shift friction plates and driven shift friction plates arranged at intervals coaxially with the input shaft 2, the driving shift friction plates are connected to the input shaft 2, and the driven shift friction plates are connected to the shift housing 52 so as to rotate synchronously with the shift housing 52 and the two-gear driving gear 22. The action of the gear-shifting thrust structure can press the driving and driven gear-shifting friction plates of the gear-shifting friction pair 51, so that the two-gear driving gear 22 is locked with the input shaft 2 to realize gear shifting.

The shifting thrust structure comprises a shifting actuator, a front guiding friction pair 53 and a shifting electromagnet 54 which are arranged on the right side of the shifting friction pair 51 in sequence. The shift actuator is a relative rotation actuator, in this embodiment a ball ramp type actuator, comprising a first cam plate 55, a second cam plate 56 and a plurality of balls 57 circumferentially arranged therebetween. The first cam plate 55 is adjacent to the shifting friction pair 51, is circumferentially and fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 2 through spline connection and rotates synchronously with the input shaft 2, and the second cam plate 56 is provided with an external spline which is axially and fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 2. The opposite end surfaces of the first cam disc 55 and the second cam disc 56 are respectively provided with a plurality of circular arc-shaped track grooves distributed along the circumference, the depth of each track groove changes along the circumferential direction, each ball 57 is clamped between one track groove of the first cam disc 55 and one track groove of the second cam disc 56, under the condition of no influence of other external force, the balls 57 are clamped at the deepest parts of the two track grooves, the first cam disc 55 drives the second cam disc 56 to synchronously rotate through the balls 57, and the two cam discs rotate relatively to enable the balls 57 to roll in the track grooves to enable the first cam disc 55 to generate axial displacement. It is within the scope of the present invention to replace the ball ramp actuator with other types of relative rotation actuators herein. The front guide friction pair 53 is sleeved between the second cam disc 56 and the shift housing 52 and comprises a plurality of driving front guide friction plates and driven front guide friction plates which are arranged at intervals, external teeth of the driving front guide friction plates are meshed with internal teeth arranged in the shift housing 52 to realize connection, and internal teeth of the driven front guide friction plates are meshed with external splines of the second cam disc 56 to realize connection. The shift electromagnet 54 is fixed with the reducer casing 1, a conducting wire extends into the reducer casing 1 and is electrically connected with the shift electromagnet 54, the electrification of the shift electromagnet 54 can cause the driving and driven front friction plates of the front friction pair 53 to be pressed against each other, so that the second cam disc 56 of the shift actuator is connected with the shift casing 52 and rotates relative to the first cam disc 55, the first cam disc 55 is caused to move axially leftwards to press the driving and driven friction plates of the shift friction pair 51, and the two-gear driving gear 22 is further caused to be locked with the input shaft 2 to realize gear shifting.

The principle of vehicle gear shifting is as follows: when a first gear is hung on a vehicle, a second-gear driving gear 22 is sleeved on an input shaft 2 in an empty mode, a driving motor drives the input shaft 2 to rotate in the forward direction, the first-gear driving gear 21 is locked with the input shaft 2 under the action of a one-way clutch 4 and rotates in the forward direction along with the input shaft 2, the first-gear driving gear 21 drives the second-gear driving gear 22 to idle on the input shaft 2 through a middle shaft assembly, meanwhile, the first-gear driving gear 21 drives an output part to rotate through the middle shaft assembly and a speed reducing mechanism, and the vehicle advances at a low speed; when hanging two grades, the thrust structure action of shifting compresses tightly the owner of the friction pair 51 of shifting, driven friction disc of shifting, cause two fender driving gears 22 and 2 locking synchronous forward rotations of input shaft, two fender driving gears 22 pass through two fender driven gear 32, jackshaft 3, one keeps off driven gear 31 and drives one fender driving gear 21 forward rotations, process the second grade and accelerate, consequently one keeps off driving gear 21 rotational speed and is higher than input shaft 2 far away, one-way clutch 4 surmounts the unblock, one keeps off driving gear 21 relative input shaft 2 forward idle running, two keep off driving gear 22 simultaneously via jackshaft subassembly, reduction gears drives output unit rotatory, the vehicle advances at a high speed.

In order to increase the torque and the power, the power assembly of the present invention may further be configured with a dual-motor structure, specifically as shown in fig. 1, and two ends of the input shaft are respectively connected to a driving motor 10.

Example two

The present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tooth lock connection structure 7 includes a first hub 731 having inner ring teeth integrally formed at a right end of the reverse clutch disc 61 and a second hub 732 having outer ring teeth integrally formed at a left end of the first gear driving gear 21, and the first hub 731 and the second hub 732 are matched with each other. Specifically, a recess for accommodating the return spring 62 is formed at the right side of the reverse clutch plate 61, and a first hub 731 is formed at the right end of the recess. The return spring 62 is disposed in the groove, and the left end of the return spring abuts against the bottom of the groove, and the right end abuts against the left end of the first gear driving gear 21 through a plane bearing, and the plane bearing allows the relative rotation between the return spring 62 and the first gear driving gear 21.

EXAMPLE III

This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 9, the electromagnetic actuating assembly includes a suction cup 67 coaxially disposed with the reverse clutch plate 61, and a reverse electromagnet 64, the reverse electromagnet 64 is disposed radially outside the reverse clutch plate 61 and fixed with the reducer casing 1, the suction cup 67 is located at the left side of the reverse electromagnet 64 and fixedly connected with the reverse clutch plate 61, and the reverse electromagnet 64 is energized to attract the suction cup 67 to move axially rightward to push the reverse clutch plate 61 to move rightward to be locked with the first-gear driving gear 21.

The reverse clutch disc 61 is formed with a groove on its right side for accommodating a return spring 62, the groove is located radially inside the tooth-shaped locking connection structure 7 on the reverse clutch disc 61, the return spring 62 is placed in the groove, its left end abuts against the bottom of the groove, and its right end abuts against the first gear drive gear 21 through a plane bearing, the plane bearing allows relative rotation between the return spring 62 and the first gear drive gear 21.

Example four

The present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 10, the electromagnetic actuating assembly includes an annular housing 68 coaxially disposed on the left side of the reverse clutch disc 61, a reverse electromagnet 64, an annular support sleeve 69 and a sliding sleeve 60, the annular housing 68 is fixed to the reducer housing 1, the reverse electromagnet 64 is disposed in the annular housing 68, the annular support sleeve 69 is disposed on the radial inner side of the annular housing 68, a bearing is disposed between the annular support sleeve 39 and the input shaft 2, the sliding sleeve 60 is axially movably disposed between the annular housing 68 and the annular support sleeve 69, the right end of the sliding sleeve 60 abuts against the left end face of the reverse clutch disc 61, and energization of the reverse electromagnet 64 causes the sliding sleeve 60 to move axially rightward to push the reverse clutch disc 61 to move rightward to be locked with the first-gear drive gear 21.

EXAMPLE five

This embodiment is substantially the same as the fourth embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 11, the tooth lock connection structure 7 includes a first hub 731 having inner ring teeth integrally formed at a right end of the reverse clutch disc 61 and a second hub 732 having outer ring teeth integrally formed at a left end of the first gear driving gear 21, and the first hub 731 and the second hub 732 are matched with each other. Wherein the first boss 731 is formed at the right end of the groove for accommodating the return spring 62.

EXAMPLE six

This embodiment is substantially the same as the fourth embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 12, the shift mechanism 5 includes a shift electromagnet 54, a rotary disk 58, an armature 59, and a shift dial 50, which are coaxially and sequentially arranged from left to right, the shift electromagnet 54 is fixed to the reducer housing 1, a left end of the rotary disk 58 extends into an inner hole of the shift electromagnet 54 and is in transmission connection with a right end of the second gear driving gear 22 through a key or a spline, the armature 59 is circumferentially fixed to the shift dial 50, the shift dial 50 is in transmission connection with the input shaft 2, friction surfaces that are mutually matched are respectively provided on a right end surface of the rotary disk 58 and a left end surface of the armature 59, and energization of the shift electromagnet 54 can attract the armature 59 to move leftward to press the rotary disk 58 to rub and lock the second gear driving gear 22 and the input shaft 2, so that shifting is achieved. The specific connection structure of the armature 59 and the shift dial 50 is as follows: a spring plate (not shown) is arranged between the armature 59 and the shift dial 50, the spring plate is connected with the shift dial 50 through 3 rivets which are uniformly distributed along the circumference, the armature 59 is connected with the spring plate through another 3 rivets which are uniformly staggered with the rivets, and the shift electromagnet 54 is electrified to attract the armature 59 to deform the spring plate, so that axial displacement is generated to press the rotary disk 58.

Finally, it is understood that various other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the technical idea of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electromagnetic control reverse gear reduction gear power assembly that shifts, includes driving motor, reduction gear casing, input shaft subassembly, intermediate shaft subassembly, gearshift and output unit, the input shaft subassembly is including the input shaft that the rotational bearing was located in the reduction gear casing and locate the epaxial one fender driving gear of input, two fender driving gears, the tip of input shaft is connected with driving motor, the intermediate shaft subassembly includes the jackshaft parallel with the input shaft and a fender driven gear, two fender driven gear of fixed connection on the jackshaft, one keep off driven gear with one keep off the driving gear meshing transmission, two keep off driven gear with two fender driving gear meshing transmission, intermediate shaft subassembly passes through the reduction gear transmission and is connected to output unit, its characterized in that:

the first-gear driving gear is arranged on the input shaft through a one-way clutch, the one-way clutch is set to allow the first-gear driving gear to rotate positively relative to the input shaft, otherwise, the first-gear driving gear is locked, the second-gear driving gear is sleeved on the input shaft in a vacant mode, the gear shifting mechanism is arranged on the right section of the input shaft, and the gear shifting mechanism acts to enable the second-gear driving gear to be connected with the input shaft to realize gear shifting;

the left section of the input shaft is also provided with a reverse gear mechanism, the reverse gear mechanism comprises a reverse gear clutch disc, an electromagnetic actuating assembly and a return spring, the reverse gear clutch disc is positioned on the left side of the first-gear driving gear, is circumferentially fixed and axially movably sleeved on the input shaft and synchronously rotates along with the input shaft, the corresponding positions of the reverse gear clutch disc and the first-gear driving gear are provided with mutually matched tooth-shaped locking connection structures, and the reverse gear clutch disc is in locking connection with the first-gear driving gear so that the first-gear driving gear and the input shaft are locked to realize reverse gear; the electromagnetic actuating assembly is used for actuating the reverse gear clutch disc to axially move so as to be locked and connected or separated with the first-gear driving gear; the return spring is at least indirectly abutted against the reverse clutch disc and applies force to the reverse clutch disc to enable the reverse clutch disc to tend to be away from the first-gear driving gear.

2. The electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, characterized in that: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first end face ratchet wheel integrally formed on the right end face of the reverse gear clutch disc and a second end face ratchet wheel integrally formed on the left end face of a first gear driving gear, the first end face ratchet wheel is matched with the second end face ratchet wheel, the tooth vertical face of the first end face ratchet wheel is in the reverse direction, the tooth back face of the first end face ratchet wheel is in the forward direction, the tooth vertical face of the second end face ratchet wheel is in the reverse direction.

3. The solenoid-operated reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, wherein: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first end face tooth ring and a second end face tooth ring, wherein the first end face tooth ring is integrally formed on the right end face of the reverse gear clutch disc, the second end face tooth ring is integrally formed on the left end face of a first gear driving gear, and teeth on the first end face tooth ring and teeth on the second end face tooth ring are rectangular teeth or trapezoidal teeth which are matched with each other.

4. The electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, characterized in that: the tooth-shaped locking connection structure comprises a first gear hub and a second gear hub, wherein the first gear hub is integrally formed at the right end of the reverse gear clutch disc and provided with inner ring teeth, the second gear hub is integrally formed at the left end of the first gear driving gear and provided with outer ring teeth, and the first gear hub and the second gear hub are matched with each other.

5. An electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift reducer powertrain as claimed in claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises a reverse gear cam disc and a reverse gear electromagnet which are coaxially and sequentially arranged on the left side of the reverse gear clutch disc, the reverse gear cam disc is rotatably sleeved on the input shaft, a plurality of recesses distributed along the circumference are formed in the right end face of the reverse gear cam disc, the axial depth of each recess is changed along the circumferential direction, convex parts matched with the recesses of the reverse gear cam disc in number, shape and position are formed in the left end face of the reverse gear clutch disc, and the reverse gear cam disc can rotate relative to the reverse gear clutch disc to enable the reverse gear clutch disc to move axially to be locked and connected with or separated from a first gear driving gear; the reverse electromagnet is fixed with the reducer shell, and the reverse cam disc can be attracted by electrifying the reverse electromagnet to rotate relative to the reverse clutch disc.

6. An electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift reducer powertrain as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises a sucking disc and a reverse gear electromagnet, the sucking disc and the reverse gear electromagnet are coaxially arranged with the reverse gear clutch disc, the reverse gear electromagnet is fixed with the shell of the speed reducer, the sucking disc is located on the left side of the reverse gear electromagnet and is fixedly connected with the reverse gear clutch disc, and the reverse gear electromagnet can be electrified to attract the sucking disc to move rightward in the axial direction and push the reverse gear clutch disc to move rightward to be connected with a first gear driving gear in a locking mode.

7. An electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift reducer powertrain as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the electromagnetic actuating assembly comprises an annular shell, a reverse electromagnet, an annular supporting sleeve and a sliding sleeve, wherein the annular shell is coaxially arranged on the left side of the reverse clutch disc, the reverse electromagnet is fixed with the reducer shell, the annular supporting sleeve is arranged on the radial inner side of the annular shell, a bearing is arranged between the annular supporting sleeve and the input shaft, the sliding sleeve is axially movably arranged between the annular shell and the annular supporting sleeve, the right end of the sliding sleeve is abutted against the left end face of the reverse clutch disc, and the electromagnet is electrified to enable the sliding sleeve to axially move rightwards so as to push the reverse clutch disc to move rightwards and be connected with a first-gear driving gear in a locking mode.

8. The electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, characterized in that: the gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting shell, a gear shifting friction pair and a gear shifting thrust structure, wherein the gear shifting shell is rotatably supported in a speed reducer shell, the left end part of the gear shifting shell is in transmission connection with the right end part of a two-gear driving gear, the gear shifting friction pair is arranged in the gear shifting shell and comprises a plurality of driving gear shifting friction plates and driven gear shifting friction plates which are arranged at intervals and coaxial with an input shaft, the driving gear shifting friction plates are connected with the input shaft, the driven gear shifting friction plates are connected with the gear shifting shell so as to synchronously rotate with the gear shifting shell and the two-gear driving gear, and the gear shifting thrust structure can press the driving gear shifting friction plates and the driven gear shifting friction plates of the gear shifting friction pair to enable the two-gear driving gear to be locked with the input shaft to realize gear shifting.

9. The electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, characterized in that: the gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting electromagnet, a rotary disc, an armature and a gear shifting rotary disc which are coaxial and sequentially arranged from left to right, the gear shifting electromagnet is fixed with the speed reducer shell, the rotary disc is in transmission connection with a second gear driving gear, the armature is circumferentially fixed with the gear shifting rotary disc, the gear shifting rotary disc is in transmission connection with the input shaft, friction surfaces which are matched with each other are respectively arranged on the right end surface of the rotary disc and the left end surface of the armature, the armature can be attracted to move leftwards to press the rotary disc to rub and lock each other when the gear shifting electromagnet is switched on, and the second gear driving gear and the input shaft are locked to achieve gear shifting.

10. The electromagnetically controlled reverse gear shift retarder powertrain of claim 1, characterized in that: and two ends of the input shaft are respectively connected with a driving motor.