CN2183044Y

CN2183044Y - Non-commutating and magnetic flow changeable dc motor

Info

Publication number: CN2183044Y
Application number: CN 94202408
Authority: CN
Inventors: 解建辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-01-24
Filing date: 1994-01-24
Publication date: 1994-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2004-01-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to a non-commutating and magnetic flow changeable DC motor, which is composed of an internal magnetic pole, an external magnetic pole, a rotor, an adjusting magnetic pole, etc. The rotor is arranged between the internal magnetic pole and the external magnetic pole; through changing the serially connected way of the rotor armature and changing the position of the adjusting magnetic pole, or changing the size and the direction of the electric current, the non-commutating and magnetic flow changeable DC motor can totally adjust the speed or the output current. The utility model which has the advantages of simple structure, improved motor efficiency, and reduced manufacture cost can be also served as a linear motor. The non-commutating and magnetic flow changeable DC motor which is widely suitable for commutating devices without the electric current is a novel motor which can be conveniently adjusted.

Description

Non-commutating and magnetic flow changeable dc motor

The utility model belongs to the direct current machine field, and it relates to a kind of nothing commutation.Become the direct current machine of magnetic flux adjustable speed.

The direct current machine major part is provided with commutator now, commutator process for machining and manufacturing complexity, and to consume more metallic copper, therefore straight dynamo-electric machine price height is about three times with the capacity alternating current machine; In addition, being easy to generate between the brush of spark and commutator during the commutation of reversing arrangement is sliding contact, and therefore, operational reliability is poor, and is difficult in maintenance.Owing to exist thorny electric current commutation problem, operating voltage, the capacity motor of direct current machine are very limited, the present public affairs of manufacturing of the big high-revolving direct current machine of electric current are difficult problems, with regard to speed governing, direct current machine has three kinds of speed regulating methods, armature serial-resistance speed-regulation now, change the speed governing of armature terminal voltage, shortcomings such as the speed governing of change motor magnetic flux all exists to consume a part of electric energy, and the mechanical features of speed governing rear motor is undesirable.Though in recent years, commutatorless machine also occurred, owing to there is the series of process problem, the structure problem of itself still makes the absence of commutator direct current machine have many shortcomings.

Goal of the invention of the present utility model is in order to solve the electric current commutation problem of direct current machine, to improve the speed adjusting performance of direct current machine.Thereby reduce the manufacturing cost of direct current machine, improve electric efficiency, remove a series of manufacturing that brings to direct current machine and the trouble of using aspects such as maintenance, maintenance because electric current commutates, reduce the speed governing expense simultaneously, the utility model can be made linear dc motion actuator again simultaneously, has enlarged the scope of application of the straight machine of direct current.

The operation principle that nothing of the present utility model commutation becomes magnetic flux also is to be based upon on the basis of the law of electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic force law, and the utility model motor is provided with outer magnetic pole and internal magnetic pole, is provided with rotor between interior outer magnetic pole, is provided with in two ends of rotor and regulates the magnetic level.In it outer magnetic pole by pole core with encourage-the magnetic winding forms, regulates the magnetic level and made by magnet steel.Change the serial connection mode of armature winding or change the position of regulating magnetic pole and rotor core and just can carry out speed governing or change the rotor motion direction.Brush and internal magnetic pole are fixed on the inner magnetic machine fixed cap, and this fixed cap and outer magnetic pole all are fixed on the electric machine stand, are with collector ring and rotor tray joint shaft on motor shaft, and the rotor tray joint shaft plays a part coupled rotor and axle and has the effect of fan concurrently.Be described in detail as follows below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: Fig. 1 is no reversing principle figure; Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are for becoming the magnetic flux schematic diagram; Fig. 4 is the general construction schematic diagram.

Fig. 1 is a nothing commutation fundamental diagram of the present utility model, armature winding among the figure is square coil, A is the outer magnetic pole iron core, B is the outer magnetic pole excitation winding, C is an armature winding, D is a rotor core, E is interior magnetic level iron core, and F is the internal magnetic pole winding, and energising back magnetic pole of the stator polarity and armature supply direction are all as shown in FIG., according to magnetic field as can be known to the action principle of current, armature winding will be subjected to the effect of electromagnetic force, produce electromagnetic torque, thereby armature is rotated, as long as the sense of current in the excitation winding is constant, the sense of current in the armature winding is constant, and rotor can rotate to a direction, if change any one sense of current in armature winding or the excitation winding, rotor just can reverse, and this is a nothing commutation operation principle of the present utility model.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are change magnetic flux schematic diagrams of the present utility model, so-called become magnetic flux just change enter in the magnetic field that two like poles form relatively and the square coil magnetic flux that comes out do not wait degree, absence of commutator principle of the present utility model also is to be based upon on the basis that the magnetic flux of turnover square coil in the magnetic field that two relative like poles form do not wait.Becoming magnetic flux is that the logical magnetic resistance that becomes between rotor and the magnetic pole is realized, as shown in Figure 2, when the distance of regulating magnetic pole G and rotor core D was big, the magnetic resistance that magnetic pole and rotor core have formed flux path was bigger, and the magnetic line of force in the rotor core distributes as shown in FIG..As shown in Figure 3, when the distance of regulating magnetic pole G and rotor than hour, the magnetic resistance of the flux path that magnetic pole and rotor core form is less, change the magnetic flux of rotor core inside, thereby change enter the square coil magnetic flux do not wait degree, thereby reach and change the torque that armature produces and speed governing becomes magnetic flux and carries out stepless time adjustment by the electromagnetic torque that changes motor armature under the same speed of same voltage.

The utility model also has a kind of speed regulating method except the above change magnetic flux speed governing of saying, cry the speed governing of the string utmost point.The utility model armature winding divides two major parts, and four brushes are arranged, the speed governing of the so-called string utmost point is meant by different serial connection modes, the electrode of serial connection armature winding is finished, this speed regulating method is not stepless time adjustment, the pole changing of the synchronous and asynchronous alternating current machine of its speed governing effect is similar, and logical string extremely can obtain four kinds of different speed.This is by series, parallel or singly connect a part and realize.Below mainly be that example has been done introduction to the utility model with the motor, during as generator operation, the technical characterictic that does not have commutation change magnetic flow direct current motor is constant, its good speed governing becomes good Adjustable Output Voltage, output voltage is steadily adjustable to improve the generating economy of direct current machine, and power supply quality improves.

Advantage of the present utility model:

1, speed governing is easy, and the speed governing expense is low, and the mechanical features of speed governing is hard, energy-conservation economize on electricity.

2, applied widely, can realize AC/DC universal, can make linear dc motion actuator, it has acceleration soon, fast advantage.

3, electric efficiency height, because the phenomenon that rotor is not magnetized repeatedly, so the iron loss of motor is little, heating is few.

4, the volume of motor is little with the ratio of power, no reversing arrangement, easy, the maintaining method of manufacturing, and cost reduces.

5, once-through type magnetic field is stable, good mechanical property, and electromagnetic noise is little.Do the generator motion, the quality height of output electric energy.

6, compact conformation, radiating mode is good.

Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1, nothing commutation become the nothing commutation fundamental diagram of magnetic flow direct current motor, and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are change magnetic flux fundamental diagram:

A--outer magnetic pole iron core B--outer magnetic pole excitation winding

C--armature winding D--rotor core

E--internal magnetic pole iron core F--internal magnetic pole winding

G--regulates the magnetic level

Fig. 4, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current motor schematic diagram:

Magnetic level iron core 15--internal magnetic pole winding 16-terminal box 17--regulates magnetic level fixed cap 19--brush 20--collector ring 21--rotor tray joint shaft 22--motor shaft 23--key 24--inserts in the magnetic level 18--in the outer magnetic level winding 12--rotor core 13--armature winding 14--of 1--motor cabinet 2--electric motor end cap 3--bearing gland 4--rolling bearing 5--bearing air cover 6--handwheel 7--gear shaft 8--sliding bearing 9--suspension ring 10--outer magnetic pole iron core 11--

Fig. 5, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current motor governor motion schematic diagram.

Fig. 6, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current motor rotor core schematic diagram.

Fig. 7, nothing are changed and are engaged in becoming magnetic flow direct current motor outer magnetic pole iron core schematic diagram.

Fig. 8, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current motor internal magnetic pole iron core schematic diagram.

Fig. 9, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current rotor tray joint shaft schematic diagram.

Figure 10, nothing commutation become magnetic flow direct current motor structure of the linear motion actuator schematic diagram.

25--support 26--goes up the sliding brush holder 38--of the sliding brush of magnetic pole 27--armature winding 28--armature core 29--nut 30--leading screw 31--handwheel 32--conductive pole 33--34--feed rod 35--sliding sleeve 36--guide rail 37--and regulates magnetic pole 39--inserts 40--lower magnetic pole 41--end cap

Embodiment 1 as shown in Figure 4, not having commutation change magnetic flow direct current motor mainly is made up of 24 parts, 1 is electric machine stand, motor machine support is the part of motor magnetic circuit, therefore require to make with permeability magnetic material, electric machine stand is cast with cast steel, wherein outer magnetic pole iron core 10 and internal magnetic pole fixed cap 18 all are fixed on the support with screw, and the 2nd, electric motor end cap, the 3rd, bearing gland, the 4th, rolling bearing, the 5th, bearing air cover, electric motor end cap 2 and bearing gland 3 and bearing air cover 5 are all cylinder iron made, and the 6th, handwheel, handwheel also is cylinder iron to make, the 7th, the carbon steel manufacturing of gear shaft, gear shaft, the 8th, sliding bearing, motors are formed in bearing brass manufacturing, handwheel 6 and gear shaft 7 and adjusting magnetic pole 17 and internal magnetic pole fixed cap 18.Regulating system, the structural representation of regulating system as shown in Figure 5.Rotate handwheel 6 during adjusting, thereby handwheel 6 drives by gear shaft and regulates the magnetic pole rotation, connect with trapezoidal thread between magnetic pole 17 and the internal magnetic pole fixed cap 18 and regulate, regulate magnetic pole 18 rotations, regulate magnetic pole and just can will change the air gap of regulating between magnetic pole and rotor core like this along the moving axially of screw thread, air gap change will inevitably cause enter with the magnetic flux of source armature winding do not wait degree, thereby change the technical characterictic of motor, thereby play speed governing and pressure regulation.9 is suspension ring, and suspension ring are fixed on the motor cabinet.The 10th, the outer magnetic pole iron core.The 11st, outer magnetic pole winding, outer magnetic pole winding are enclosed within on the outer magnetic pole iron core, and the outer magnetic pole iron core then is that screw is fastening or be pressed on the support.The 12nd, rotor core, the structural representation of rotor core are shown in 6, and the surface of rotor core has groove, and these grooves are used for embedding armature winding, and rotor core forges with steel alloy or casts with cast steel.Rotor core is divided into the two large divisions, and two part rotor cores all are enclosed within on the rotor tray joint shaft 21, in the clearance groove of rotor core and rotor core, fills non-magnet material inserts 24, and its effect makes not one side by armature winding, magnetic field.The 13rd, armature winding, armature winding is square coil, armature winding embeds in rotor.14 is the internal magnetic pole iron core, interior magnetic level iron core schematic diagram as shown in Figure 8, the internal magnetic pole iron core is stamped to form with no silicon steel sheet, its thickness is between the 0.5--1 millimeter, outer magnetic pole iron core schematic diagram as shown in Figure 7, its material also is to be stamped to form with no silicon steel sheet, thickness is identical with the internal magnetic pole iron core.The 15th, internal magnetic pole winding, internal magnetic pole winding also are to be enclosed within on the internal magnetic pole iron core, and the internal magnetic pole iron core is fixed on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap with screw and alignment pin, 16 is connection box for motor, the 17th, regulate magnetic pole, and regulate magnetic pole and make with magnet steel, there is profile of tooth the outer ring of regulating magnetic pole, and inner ring has screw thread.The 18th, internal magnetic pole fixed cap, internal magnetic pole fixed cap are the parts of motor magnetic circuit, and the internal magnetic pole fixed cap is made with cast steel, there is screw thread to match on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap with the adjusting magnetic pole, have on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap and end button, it adopts and only anchors the position and be fixed on the support, connects with bolt.Be equipped with brush and brush holder on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap.The 19th, brush, brush adopts standard component, the 20th, collector ring, collector ring is made with brass, the 21st, the rotor tray joint shaft, rotor tray joint shaft schematic diagram comes transfer torque with flat key between rotor tray joint shaft and the motor shaft as shown in Figure 9, it adopts interference fits with cooperating of axle, and the rotor tray joint shaft is with cast steel or cast steel manufacturing.The rotor tray joint shaft is the effect of double fan again.The 22nd, motor shaft, motor shaft is made with quenched and tempered steel.The 23rd, flat key, flat key is made with 45 steels.The 24th, the effect of rotor void filler is not allow magnetic field pass through, and the effect of fixed armature winding is arranged, inserts non-magnet material such as plastics.

Embodiment 2, as shown in figure 10, rotor and the interior outer magnetic pole with electric rotary machine along the circumferential direction launches the formation linear dc motion actuator, the 25th, motor cabinet, motor cabinet is with carbon iron weldering knot or use the cast steel manufacturing, and the 26th, last magnetic pole, the 27th, armature winding, the 28th, armature core, armature core is stamped to form with no silicon steel sheet, and no silicon steel sheet thickness is 0.5 millimeter, is coated with insulating varnish and laminates and be enclosed within on the guide rail 36.The 29th, nut, the effect of nut is a closing handle 31, the 30th, leading screw, leading screw 30 and handwheel 31 are regulated magnetic pole 38, and feed rod 34 is formed governor motion, rotate handwheel and just can upgrade the adjusting magnetic pole, just can adjust the air gap of regulating magnetic pole and armature core, thereby the magnetic flux that can change turnover square coil 37 does not wait degree, thereby play the effect of speed governing.The 32nd, the brass manufacturing of conductive pole, conductive pole, the 33rd, sliding brush, with sliding contact, its effect is that external electric energy is introduced armature winding between sliding brush and conductive pole, the 34th, feed rod, feed rod is cylinder iron made, and its effect is to set upright to regulate the magnetic level.The 35th, sliding sleeve, sliding sleeve is made with bronze, and its effect is to set upright guide rail.The 36th, the carbon steel manufacturing of guide rail, guide rail, the 37th, sliding brush holder, sliding brush is installed on the sliding brush holder, and sliding brush holder is fixed on the armature core.The 38th, regulate magnetic pole, regulate magnetic pole magnet steel manufacturing, the 39th, inserts, inserts can, the material of inserts is plastics.The 40th, lower magnetic pole, last magnetic pole 26 and lower magnetic pole 40 all are fixed on the support with screw, and the 41st, the carbon steel manufacturing of end cap, end cap, end cap is fixed on the support with screw.

Claims

1, a kind of nothing commutation becomes the magnetic flow direct current motor, it is characterized in that: the stationary part of described direct current machine is provided with internal magnetic pole and outer magnetic pole, between interior outer magnetic pole, be provided with rotor, its inside and outside magnetic pole is made up of pole core and excitation winding, rotor is made up of two integral type iron cores and armature winding, and the serial connection mode that changes armature winding just can be carried out speed governing; Be provided with the adjusting magnetic pole at the two ends of rotor, position between change adjusting magnetic pole and rotor or size of current and direction just can be carried out speed governing (or output current pressure regulation); Brush and internal magnetic pole are fixed on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap, this fixed cap and outer magnetic pole all are fixed on the electric machine stand, motor shaft is contained on the bearing on the electric motor end cap, electric motor end cap is fixed on the internal magnetic pole fixed cap, be with collector ring and rotor tray joint shaft on the motor shaft, the rotor tray joint shaft also has the effect of fan concurrently.

2, become the magnetic flow direct current motor according to the described nothing commutation of claim 1, magnetic level, outer magnetic pole and adjusting magnetic pole all adopt permanent-magnet steel to make in it is characterized in that.

3, become the magnetic flow direct current motor according to claim 1,2 described nothing commutations, it is characterized in that, rotor and inside and outside magnetic pole are along the circumferential direction launched, brush and collector ring, become conductive guide and sliding brush,, become rotatablely moving of rotor and be rectilinear motion to constitute linear electric motors.