CN218301195U - Electromagnetic planetary gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a machinery, electromagnetic drive technical field specifically are electromagnetism planetary gear, including the mount, the inside of mount is provided with ring gear part, planet part and sun gear part. The utility model discloses utilize the electromagnetic induction principle to realize non-contact gear drive, the electromagnetism planetary gear notion is proposed for the first time, theoretical basis has been established for subsequent research, the theoretical value that has originality, its engineering significance lies in the flank of tooth wearing and tearing when non-contact transmission fundamentally has solved mechanical gear box operation, vibrate, the noise, the lubrication problem, non-maintaining has been realized, electromagnetism planetary gear has natural overload protection ability, it shakes only to lead to the desynchronizing when its limit torque is exceeded to the load, can not damage gear itself, mechanical gear's lock is died, beat the tooth phenomenon, with mechanical planetary gear topology, the principle is dual, the external characteristic is unanimous. The seamless butt joint with the mechanical planetary gear can be realized, and the potential of replacing a mechanical gear box in partial application occasions is achieved.

Description

Electromagnetic planetary gear

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machinery, electromagnetism transmission technical field specifically are electromagnetism planetary gear.

Background

The traditional mechanical planetary gear consists of three parts, namely a gear ring, a sun gear and a planetary component, has the advantages of compact structure, large transmission load, high efficiency, adjustable transmission ratio and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, self-propelled artillery, automobiles, ships, heavy machinery, metallurgy and the like. However, the mechanical gear which transmits torque by means of the engagement between teeth inevitably has the problems of friction, vibration, noise and the like, the lubricating and cooling system reduces the reliability of the gear box while increasing the maintenance cost, and particularly in the field of high-speed transmission, the problems of abrasion between teeth, metal fatigue, elastic deformation and the like are more prominent and become important factors influencing the transmission efficiency and the service life. Non-contact magnetic gears for transmitting power by using magnetic fields are always the focus of attention of researchers in various countries, and particularly, magnetic gear structures based on the magnetic field modulation principle proposed by professor d.howe of schfeld university in uk in 2001 attract the attention of a plurality of scholars and engineers. In recent years, various academic papers and related patents around permanent magnet gears have been emerging. But the nature of the magnetic field modulation determines the presence of high harmonic content in the air gap. When the gear operates, the harmonic wave can cut the permanent magnet to generate eddy current while occupying the magnetic circuit of the iron core, so that the permanent magnet generates heat, demagnetization is easily caused, and the service life of the permanent magnet is shortened. Moreover, the permanent magnet gear has poor starting capability, cannot play a damping effect on the fluctuation and the oscillation of the load torque, and has poor dynamic performance. These deficiencies result in limited use of permanent magnet gears in practical production practices. The composite motor structure is another technical scheme for realizing non-contact transmission. In the middle of the 90's 20 th century, four quadrant energy converters (4 QT) by professor Chandaudarangii of Imperial academy of Sweden, a paper published in 2002 of "Thefour-quadrant energy converters [ C ]. ConserenceRecordoftieeeeeindustringr application conference. Pittsburgh: IEEEPress,2002 390-397". An Electric Variable Transmission (EVT) is provided by ErikNordlund through improving an integrated energy transmission device (lET) structure, and the core component of the system is a motor with two mechanical ports and two electric ports, which can be approximately seen as the superposition of two permanent magnets and electric motors. In 2005, (duralmechanicalporteleccmachines, DMP), professor LongyaXu, ohio state university, in 4QT, EVT, proposed a dual mechanical port motor that published this concept and published papers; in LongyaXu, ANewBreedof electric machines-basic analysis and application of DualMechanical pore electric machines, 8-ICEMS: any two of the three components of the DMP (stator, outer rotor, inner rotor) can be classified as a DMP conceptual model as long as any two components can rotate. The brushless electric continuously variable transmission system for the hybrid electric vehicle is provided by the university of Huazhong science and technology Huang Shenghua, the assistant teaching of Wanshan Ming, chen Xiao doctor and the like on the basis of combining a brushless doubly-fed motor and an EVT structure, the brushless electric leading-out port of a double-mechanical-port motor is realized, and the research result has the domestic significance. Patents of brushless double mechanical port motor, double permanent magnet brushless double-fed double mechanical port motor and brushless single-fed double mechanical port motor are reported.

The invention patent 'a permanent magnet coupling speed regulating motor' utilizes a composite motor structure and a variable frequency controller to realize speed regulation and simultaneously has low voltage ride through capability. The invention patent 'electromagnetic speed changer' proposes a 'logic motor' concept, and utilizes an external controller to realize speed regulation. In terms of basic principles, such a governor mechanism can be classified into a two-mechanical-port electrically variable transmission.

The common characteristic of the electric stepless speed changer with the two mechanical ports is that the speed changer has two mechanical ports and at least one electric port, and the speed regulation process does not need to be participated by an external power supply and a controller, wherein the speed regulator provided by brushless double-mechanical-port motor, double-permanent-magnet brushless double-fed double-mechanical-port motor and brushless single-fed double-mechanical-port motor needs two variable-frequency power supplies and a battery energy storage link. The cost is increased due to the excessively complex structure and control algorithm, the reliability of the system is reduced, great inconvenience is brought to field application, and compared with the traditional mechanical gear box, particularly a mechanical planetary gear, the mechanical gear box has no advantages.

Based on the above, it is necessary to design an electromagnetic planetary gear to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an electromagnetism planetary gear to solve and propose among the above-mentioned background art:

1. the problem of interdental abrasion when the mechanical gear box runs at high speed is solved.

2. The problems of high lubrication difficulty and high maintenance cost when a mechanical planetary gear runs at a high speed are solved.

3. The problems of gear tooth metal fatigue and gear tooth breakage caused by rigid connection of mechanical gears and impact torque are solved.

4. The problems of poor dynamic stability and torque oscillation of the permanent magnet gear are solved.

5. The maintenance problems caused by devices such as electric brushes, slip rings and the like in the electric stepless speed changer and various double-mechanical-port motors are avoided.

6. The introduction of an external power supply and a controller in an electric stepless speed changer and various double-mechanical-port motors is avoided.

7. The gear has the same external characteristics with the mechanical planetary gear, and the compatibility and the function exchange of the original mechanical gear are realized.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the electromagnetic planetary gear comprises a fixing frame, wherein a gear ring component, a planetary component and a sun gear component are arranged inside the fixing frame.

Preferably, the ring gear part sets up in the inside of mount, the ring gear part includes the ring gear support, the ring gear support sets up in the inside of mount, be provided with the ring gear iron core on the ring gear support, be provided with the ring gear permanent magnet on the ring gear iron core, be provided with the ring gear winding on the ring gear iron core, be provided with the ring gear pivot on the ring gear support.

Preferably, the planet component comprises a planet outer ring iron core, a planet inner ring iron core, a planet outer ring winding, a planet inner ring winding, a planet rotating shaft and a planet support, the planet component and the planet inner ring iron core are made of laminated silicon steel sheets, the planet support is located between the planet outer ring iron core and the planet inner ring iron core, and the planet support is tightly fixed with the planet outer ring iron core and the planet inner ring iron core through positioning grooves.

Preferably, the sun gear component is arranged inside the fixing frame and comprises a sun gear permanent magnet, a sun gear iron core is arranged on the sun gear permanent magnet, a sun gear winding is arranged on the sun gear permanent magnet, and a sun gear rotating shaft is connected to the sun gear permanent magnet.

Preferably, the number of phases of the planet outer ring winding and the planet inner ring winding must be kept equal.

Preferably, the planet outer ring winding and the planet inner ring iron core are made of copper materials, and the planet support is made of non-magnetic materials.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the non-contact gear transmission is realized by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle, the electromagnetic planetary gear concept is put forward for the first time, the theoretical basis is laid for the subsequent research, and the non-contact gear transmission has the original theoretical value.

2. The non-contact transmission gear box has the engineering significance of fundamentally solving the problems of tooth surface abrasion, vibration, noise and lubrication during the operation of the mechanical gear box and realizing the maintenance-free property.

3. The electromagnetic planetary gear has natural overload protection capability, only leads to out-of-step oscillation when the load exceeds the limit torque of the electromagnetic planetary gear, does not damage the gear, and eliminates the phenomena of locking and tooth beating of a mechanical gear.

4. The damping characteristic of the armature winding promotes the dynamic stability, has certain flexibility to the instantaneous impact torque and the oscillation torque, avoids the phenomenon that the tooth root part is easy to generate metal fatigue when the mechanical gear faces the alternating torque, and provides certain protection to the prime motor by the oscillation absorption characteristic.

5. In the severe environment of unattended operation such as deep wells, severe cold and the like, the advantages are more obvious due to the non-contact and maintenance-free characteristics.

6. Compared with a traditional full-power conversion system of a generator and a motor, the planetary compound motion structure has higher transmission efficiency.

7. And an external control system is not arranged, external power supply equipment is not required to be introduced, the use is convenient and fast, and the reliability is high. The integrated structure makes full use of the space, has light weight and small volume, and improves the torque density and the power density.

8. The mechanical planet gear is in the same topology, principle dual and external characteristics. The seamless butt joint with the mechanical planetary gear can be realized, and the potential of replacing a mechanical gear box in partial application occasions is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary outer ring core of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection state of the outer ring winding and the inner ring winding of the planetary component of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view structure of the topology of the external permanent magnet and the internal asynchronous of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the topology cross-section of the external permanent magnet and the internal asynchronous of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view of the topology of the internal permanent magnet and the external asynchronous of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the topology cross-section of the internal permanent magnet and the external asynchronous of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic side view of the topology of the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the topological sectional structure of the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet of the present invention.

In the figure: 100. a fixed mount; 200. a ring gear member; 210. a ring gear bracket; 211. a gear ring iron core; 212. a ring gear permanent magnet; 213. a gear ring winding; 214. a gear ring rotating shaft; 300. a planetary member; 310. a planet carrier; 311. a planetary outer ring iron core; 312. a planetary outer ring winding; 313. a planet inner ring winding; 314. a planet inner ring iron core; 315. a planetary rotating shaft; 400. a sun gear member; 410. a sun wheel permanent magnet; 411. a sun gear core; 412. a sun gear winding; 413. a sun gear rotating shaft.

For the purpose of illustrating the principle and power-speed relationship, the components and symbols are defined as follows:

1. the number of phases of an electromagnetic coupling system formed by the gear ring component and the outer ring-shaped iron core of the planet component is mb, the number of pole pairs is pb, the number of grooves of the outer ring iron core of the planet component is Zb, and the number of grooves of each phase of each pole is qb;

2. the number of phases of an electromagnetic coupling system formed by the sun wheel component and the inner ring annular iron core of the planet component is ma, the number of pole pairs is pa, the number of grooves of the inner ring iron core of the planet component is Za, and the number of grooves of each phase of each pole is qa;

3. defining a characteristic parameter p, p = pb/pa;

4. the winding current frequency is f, the gear ring component rotating speed is nb, the planet component rotating speed is nx, the sun gear component rotating speed is na, the gear ring component torque is Tb, the planet component torque is Tx, and the sun gear component torque is Ta;

5. with reference to the identification method of mechanical planetary gears, the transmission ratios are indicated by the letter r and the superscript, the superscript indicating the reference frame member, the order of the two subscripts being understood to mean the ratio of the relative speed of the first subscript member with respect to the reference frame member to the relative speed of the second subscript member with respect to the reference frame member, e.g., rx ab = (na-nx)/(nb-nx).

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides an embodiment:

1. the electromagnetic planetary gear comprises a fixed frame 100, and a planetary component 300 shown in fig. 1 consists of a planetary outer ring iron core 311, a planetary outer ring winding 312, a planetary inner ring winding 313, a planetary inner ring iron core 314, a planetary rotating shaft 315 and a planetary support 310. The planetary outer ring iron core 311 and the planetary inner ring iron core 314 are made of laminated silicon steel sheets. The planet outer ring winding 312, the planet inner ring core 314 are made of copper material, and the planet carrier 310 is made of non-magnetic material. As shown in fig. 1, the planet carrier 310 is located between two annular magnetically permeable iron cores, namely a planet outer ring iron core 311 and a planet inner ring iron core 314, and is tightly fixed with the planet outer ring iron core 311 and the planet inner ring iron core 314 through a positioning groove.

2. The number of phases m of the planet outer ring winding 312 and the planet inner ring winding 313 inside the planet member 300 must be kept equal, i.e. m = ma = mb and m ≧ 3. The number of slots of the planet outer ring core 311 and the planet inner ring core 314 is required to satisfy Zb =2 × m × pb × qb, za =2 × m × pa × qa.

3. The spatial sequence of the planet outer ring winding 312 and the planet inner ring winding 313 in the planet component 300 in the arrangement of the planet outer ring iron core 311 and the planet inner ring iron core 314 is opposite, namely after the phase separation of the windings, the windings are respectively arranged in the inner and outer ring iron core slots clockwise, anticlockwise or clockwise according to the sequence of A-B-C- … N, and the key is to ensure that the spatial arrangement sequence of the two sets of windings is opposite.

4. The planet outer ring winding 312 and the planet inner ring winding 313 in the planet component 300 are connected in a star-shaped manner at the tail ends, and the two tail end connection points are isolated from each other. The head ends of the planet outer ring winding 312 and the planet inner ring winding 313 are connected one by one according to the corresponding phase sequence, and the connection mode is shown in fig. 2.

5. Although only a radially nested structure is shown in fig. 1, various winding structures satisfying the requirements 3 and 4 are within the scope of the present patent.

6. Fig. 3 shows the topology of external permanent magnet and internal asynchronous, fig. 3 is a side view, fig. 4 is a sectional view, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: when the planetary member 300 and the ring gear member 200 move relatively, the planet outer ring winding 312 generates induced electromotive force under the cutting of the ring gear permanent magnet 212, and further induced currents are generated in the planet outer ring winding 312 and the planet inner ring winding 313, and the induced current frequency is: f = pb x (nx-nb)/60 Hz, which forms a rotating magnetic field in planet inner ring windings 313 at a rotating magnetic field speed na1=60 xf/pa + nx, which cuts sun gear windings 412, inducing a current in sun gear windings 412, which generates an electromagnetic torque that drives sun gear member 400 to rotate at a speed slightly lower than rotating magnetic field speed na1. According to the winding arrangement and the connection mode of 3 and 4, the torque of the three parts meets the relation Ta + Tx + Tb =0. The topological structure is suitable for the speed increasing occasion, the planet rotating shaft 315 is used as a low-speed input shaft of a prime motor, the sun gear rotating shaft 413 is a high-speed output shaft, and the gear ring rotating shaft 214 is used as a control shaft for adjusting the speed ratio. The gear ring is taken as a motion reference system, and the rising speed ratio is rb ax = (na-nb)/(nx-nb).

7. Fig. 5 shows an inner permanent magnet + outer asynchronous topology, fig. 5 is a side view, fig. 6 is a sectional view, and the specific implementation is as follows: when the planetary member 300 and the sun gear member 400 move relatively, the planetary inner ring windings 313 generate induced electromotive force under the cutting of the taiyang wheel core 411, and induced currents are generated in the winding planetary outer ring windings 312 and the planetary inner ring windings 313, and the induced currents have the induced current frequency: f = pa x (na-nx)/60 Hz. This current forms a rotating magnetic field in the planet inner ring windings 313, the rotating magnetic field rotates at an speed nb1=60 xf/pb + nx, the magnetic field cuts the ring gear windings 213, a current is induced in the ring gear windings 213, and an electromagnetic torque is generated on the ring gear member 200 and the planet members 300. According to the winding arrangement and the connection mode of 3 and 4, the torque of the three components meets the relation Ta + Tx + Tb =0. The topological structure is suitable for deceleration occasions, the sun gear rotating shaft 413 is a high-speed input shaft, the planet rotating shaft 315 is a low-speed output shaft, the gear ring rotating shaft 214 is a control shaft for adjusting the speed ratio, the gear ring component 200 is used as a motion reference system, and the reduction ratio is rb ax = (na-nb)/(nx-nb).

8. Fig. 7 shows a topology of inner permanent magnet + outer permanent magnet, fig. 7 is a side view, fig. 8 is a sectional view, and the specific implementation is as follows: in the case of increasing the speed, the planetary rotation shaft 315 serves as a low-speed input shaft, the sun gear rotation shaft 413 serves as a high-speed output shaft, and the ring gear rotation shaft 214 serves as a control shaft for adjusting the speed ratio. When the planetary member 300 moves relative to the ring gear member 200 and the sun gear member 400, induced electromotive force is generated by the planet outer ring windings 312 and the planet inner ring windings 313 when the ring gear permanent magnet 212 and the ring gear iron core 211 are cut, and then current is generated in the planet outer ring windings 312 and the planet inner ring windings 313, the current frequency is f = pb × (nx-nb)/60 Hz, the rotating magnetic field rotating speed generated by the current in x4 is na1=60 xf/pa + nx, and the sun gear member 400 rotates at na1 speed under the action of the rotating magnetic field, that is, na = na1. According to the winding arrangement and the connection mode of 3 and 4, the torque of the three parts meets the relation Ta + Tx + Tb =0. The gear ring is taken as a motion reference system, and the rising speed ratio is rb ax = (na-nb)/(nx-nb). The sun gear winding 412 provides a starting torque for the sun gear member 400, and the damping characteristic of a3 improves the dynamic stability of the system when encountering load fluctuation and impact torque, and in the deceleration situation, the sun gear rotating shaft 413 serves as a high-speed input shaft, the planet rotating shaft 315 serves as a low-speed output shaft, and the ring gear rotating shaft 214 serves as a control shaft for adjusting the speed ratio. When the planetary member 300 moves relative to the ring gear member 200 and the sun gear member 400, induced electromotive force is generated in the planetary outer ring windings 312 and the planetary inner ring windings 313 by the ring gear permanent magnet 212 and the sun gear core 411, and then currents are generated in the planetary outer ring windings 312 and the planetary inner ring windings 313, the currents have a frequency of f = pa x (na-nx)/60 Hz, the currents generate a rotating magnetic field in the ring gear winding 213, the rotating speed is nb1=60 xf/pb + nx, and the planetary member 300x rotates at nb1 under the combined action of the ring gear member 200 torque Tb and the sun gear member 400 torque Ta, that is, nb = nb1. According to the winding arrangement and the connection mode of 3 and 4, the torque of the three parts meets the relation Ta + Tx + Tb =0. The gear ring is taken as a motion reference system, and the reduction ratio is rb ax = (na-nb)/(nx-nb). The ring gear windings 213 provide a starting torque to the planet member 300, and the damping characteristics of the ring gear windings 213 improve the dynamic stability of the system when subjected to load fluctuations, shock torques.

9. Although the three topologies depicted in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 have three mechanical ports, i.e., ring gear member 200, planet members 300, and sun gear member 400, which are all rotatable, the fixed topology of any of the three members may be characterized as operating at zero speed for that member in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8. At this time, the electromagnetic planetary gear with the adjustable speed ratio has one less degree of freedom, and the speed ratio becomes a fixed value, for example, for the speed-up topology described in 6, if the ring gear component 200 is fixed, the speed-up ratio is rb ax = (na-nb)/(nx-nb) = na/nx = p +1, and the operation principle thereof is completely consistent with that described in 6. Based on principle similarity principle, the topology structure related to the fixed speed ratio dual mechanical port which does not rotate in any one of the ring gear component 200, the planet component 300 and the sun gear component 400 and meets the requirements of 2, 3, 4 and 5 is within the protection scope of the patent.

Claims (3)

1. An electromagnetic planetary gear comprising: a mount (100), characterized in that a ring gear member (200), a planetary member (300), and a sun gear member (400) are provided inside the mount (100); the gear ring component (200) is arranged inside the fixed frame (100), the gear ring component (200) comprises a gear ring support (210), the gear ring support (210) is arranged inside the fixed frame (100), a gear ring iron core (211) is arranged on the gear ring support (210), a gear ring permanent magnet (212) is arranged on the gear ring iron core (211), a gear ring winding (213) is arranged on the gear ring iron core (211), and a gear ring rotating shaft (214) is arranged on the gear ring support (210); the planet component (300) consists of a planet outer ring iron core (311), a planet inner ring iron core (314), a planet outer ring winding (312), a planet inner ring winding (313), a planet rotating shaft (315) and a planet support (310), the planet component (300) and the planet inner ring iron core (314) are made of laminated silicon steel sheets, the planet support (310) is positioned between the planet outer ring iron core (311) and the planet inner ring iron core (314), and the planet support (310) is tightly fixed with the planet outer ring iron core (311) and the planet inner ring iron core (314) through positioning grooves; the sun gear component (400) is arranged inside the fixing frame (100), the sun gear component (400) comprises a sun gear permanent magnet (410), a sun gear iron core (411) is arranged on the sun gear permanent magnet (410), a sun gear winding (412) is arranged on the sun gear permanent magnet (410), and a sun gear rotating shaft (413) is connected to the sun gear permanent magnet (410).

2. The electromagnetic planetary gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of phases of the planet outer ring winding (312) and the planet inner ring winding (313) must be kept equal.

3. The electromagnetic planetary gear according to claim 2, characterized in that: the planet outer ring winding (312) and the planet inner ring iron core (314) are made of copper materials, and the planet support (310) is made of non-magnetic materials.

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