CN218300240U - Compact type horizontal polarization high-gain omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compact horizontal polarization high-gain omnidirectional antenna relates to the antenna technology field for communication. The antenna comprises a feed structure and an antenna radiation structure, wherein the antenna radiation structure comprises a first microstrip plate component, a first metal layer, a second microstrip plate component and a second metal layer which are arranged from top to bottom, the first microstrip plate component, the first metal layer, the second microstrip plate component and the second metal layer are fixedly connected to form a rectangular strip-shaped antenna radiation structure, the feed structure is fixed on the left side of the antenna radiation structure, and the feed structure is electrically connected with a filter feeder line on the first microstrip plate component. The antenna has the advantages of compact structure, wide band, high gain, omnidirectional radiation, strong anti-interference capability and the like.

Description

Compact type horizontal polarization high-gain omnidirectional antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an antenna technical field for the communication especially relates to a compact horizontal polarization high gain omnidirectional antenna of simple structure.

Background

In rapid development in industry and cities, signals transmitted by base stations are always polarized specifically, but due to complex electromagnetic environment in cities, electromagnetic waves are reflected and diffracted for many times when being radiated, so that polarization is deflected, and therefore, when reaching the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment is required to be provided with both vertical polarized signals and horizontal polarized signals, so that the terminal equipment is required to be provided with a vertical polarized antenna and a horizontal polarized antenna to receive the signals. According to the reliable research, in the indoor distributed communication system, a system in which both the transmitting end and the receiving end adopt horizontal polarization can obtain more than 10dB of power on average than a system in which both the transmitting end and the receiving end adopt vertical polarization antennas. In a television broadcast communication system, horizontal polarization is less affected by terrain than vertical polarization; in mobile communication, the horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna is also widely applied to mobile phones, tablets and notebook computers.

Currently, a horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna is usually implemented by using an array of elements, and the common forms include: slot arrays, cylindrical microstrip arrays, rotating field antennas, loop antennas and variants thereof. The horizontally polarized multilayer SIW slot omnidirectional antenna reported by Liuming gang, feng Zheng and the like has the advantage of good omnidirectional property, but has larger size and narrower matching bandwidth. "an omnidirectional conformal microstrip patch antenna array" reported by Hao hong gang, wang Shawen, ruan Wei and so on is a cylindrical microstrip array, and the radiation pattern has good omni-directionality, but the antenna is inconvenient in actual production and processing and has larger size. The 'one kind of miniaturized broadband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna' reported by Liu Mu et al is a rotating field antenna, which can keep the input impedance change small in a wide frequency band, but the antenna needs orthogonal feeding to two ports, and the feeding structure is complex.

Meanwhile, in the engineering application of modern wireless communication systems, the degree of integration of communication devices is higher and higher, and thus the requirements for antennas are more and more stringent, wherein the common size requirements between the antennas and the communication devices are included, and it is desirable that the antennas have effective electrical performance and can meet the size of the devices, so that the horizontal omnidirectional antennas are also subject to the development of miniaturization and lightness. In recent years, many studies have been made on the miniaturization of antennas, and the problem is that the performance of antennas generally needs to be lowered to obtain a desired antenna size. Therefore, how to keep the performance of the antenna and realize the miniaturization of the antenna has very important scientific research significance and practical application value.

In addition, the increasingly complex spatial electromagnetic interference also puts high demands on the reliability of the communication antenna, and the cascading of a filter at the end of the antenna is an effective anti-interference approach. In the conventional technology, the filter and the antenna are separately designed and then cascaded, but this method is easy to cause extra loss, resulting in the reduction of the antenna gain, and the form is also not favorable for the miniaturization of the system. The antenna and the filter are designed integrally, so that the problems can be solved to a certain degree.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem how to provide a compact horizontal polarization high gain omnidirectional antenna who has compact structure, broadband, gain height, omnidirectional radiation, interference killing feature are strong.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is: a compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: the antenna radiation structure comprises a feed structure and an antenna radiation structure, wherein the antenna radiation structure comprises a first microstrip board assembly, a first metal layer, a second microstrip board assembly and a second metal layer which are arranged from top to bottom, the first microstrip board assembly, the first metal layer, the second microstrip board assembly and the second metal layer are fixedly connected to form a rectangular strip-shaped antenna radiation structure, the feed structure is fixed on the left side of the antenna radiation structure, and the feed structure is electrically connected with a filter feeder line on the first microstrip board assembly; the feeding structure comprises a fixing plate, a fixing hole is formed in the fixing plate, a coaxial inner connector is arranged in the fixing hole, a coaxial inner conductor is arranged in the coaxial connector, the end part of the inner side of the coaxial inner conductor is electrically connected with the end part of the filter feeder line, a supporting metal plate is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the fixing plate, and the supporting metal plate is in contact with the lower surface of the second metal layer; the first microstrip board assembly comprises a first microstrip substrate, a filter feeder line is formed on the upper surface of the first microstrip substrate, and the end of the inner side of the filter feeder line extends to the middle of the first microstrip substrate.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the filter feeder line comprises a first impedance matching section, the outer side end of the first impedance matching section is electrically connected with the feed structure, the inner side end of the first impedance matching section is connected with one end of a first second impedance matching section, the other end of the first second impedance matching section is connected with a first inner polygonal open ring, one end of a second impedance matching section extends into the first inner polygonal open ring, the other end of the second impedance matching section is connected with a second inner polygonal open ring, one end of a third second impedance matching section extends into the second inner polygonal open ring, the other end of the third second impedance matching section is connected with a third inner polygonal open ring, one end of a fourth second impedance matching section extends into the third inner polygonal open ring, the other end of the fourth second impedance matching section is connected with one end of a third impedance matching section, and the other end of the third impedance matching section is provided with a circular pad.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the first microstrip board assembly further comprises a feed metal column, the upper end of the feed metal column is electrically connected with the circular pad, the lower end of the feed metal column penetrates through a first via hole in the first microstrip board assembly and a second via hole in the first metal layer and then enters a first blind hole in the second microstrip board assembly, the inner diameter of the first via hole and the inner diameter of the second via hole are larger than the diameter of the feed metal column, and the inner diameter of the blind hole is equal to the diameter of the feed metal column.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the second microstrip board assembly comprises a second microstrip substrate, a plurality of first metal columns which are vertically arranged are formed on two short sides and one long side of the second microstrip substrate, a plurality of groups of metal column groups which are arranged in a crossed mode are formed in the second microstrip substrate, each metal column group comprises a plurality of second metal columns, the upper ends of the first metal columns and the upper ends of the second metal columns are electrically connected with the first metal layer, and the lower ends of the first metal columns and the lower ends of the second metal columns are electrically connected with the second metal layer; the first metal layer, the first microstrip substrate, the first metal column and the second metal layer jointly form a half-mode opening SIW resonant cavity.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the second metal layer is provided with phase reversal grooves corresponding to the metal column groups which are arranged in a crossed manner, the phase reversal grooves comprise a first phase reversal linear groove, a second phase reversal linear groove, a third phase reversal linear groove and a phase reversal annular groove, the first phase reversal linear groove, the second phase reversal linear groove and the third phase reversal linear groove are arranged in a crossed manner with the phase reversal annular groove, and the first phase reversal linear groove, the second phase reversal linear groove and the third phase reversal linear groove are all divided into two parts by the phase reversal annular groove, namely a front first phase reversal linear groove, a rear first phase reversal linear groove, a front second phase reversal linear groove, a rear second phase reversal linear groove, a front third phase reversal linear groove and a rear third phase reversal linear groove, an included angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the front second phase reversal linear groove, an included angle between the front second phase reversal linear groove and the front third phase reversal linear groove, an included angle between the rear first phase reversal linear groove and the rear second phase reversal linear groove, and an included angle between the rear second phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove are all equal, the included angles are set to be a first angle, an included angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove and an included angle between the front third phase reversal linear groove and the rear first phase reversal linear groove are equal, the included angles are set to be a second angle, and the degree of the first angle is smaller than the degree of the second angle.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the second metal columns located at the intersection points in the second metal column group corresponding to the phase reversal grooves are arranged opposite to the phase reversal annular grooves, the second metal columns outside the intersection points are located between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove and between the front third phase reversal linear groove and the rear first phase reversal linear groove, and the second metal columns do not coincide with the phase reversal grooves in the up-and-down projection direction.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the distance between the two metal column groups positioned in the middle is lambda, the distance between the metal column groups positioned on two sides is lambda/2, the distance between the metal column groups positioned on the outer sides and the corresponding short side of the second microstrip substrate is lambda/2, and lambda represents the waveguide wavelength.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: when the antenna works, signals enter the filtering feeder from the coaxial feed structure, and the filtering feeder can generate a suppression effect on electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band. Then, the signal is fed from the end of the filter feeder into the half-mold opening SIW resonant cavity by the feeding metal column, and a plurality of standing waves are formed in the resonant cavity. Through the introduction of the phase reversal structure, the standing waves in the half-mold opening SIW resonant cavity can have the same phase, so that the same-phase superposition can be carried out, and then, the electromagnetic wave is radiated into the space from the unclosed side of the half-mold opening SIW resonant cavity to form horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation. Compared with the traditional mode of cascading filters at the tail end of the antenna, the integrated design of the antenna and the filters can reduce the cascading loss and reduce the system volume; the introduction of a phase inversion structure improves the gain of the antenna; and the half-mode SIW resonant cavity is used, so that the antenna is small in size and compact in overall structure.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front and back structural view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3a is a schematic back structure diagram of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention after the first microstrip board assembly and the first metal layer are combined;

FIG. 3b is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 a;

fig. 3c is a schematic front view of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention after the first microstrip board assembly and the first metal layer are combined;

FIG. 3d is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 3B;

FIG. 3e is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 3 b;

fig. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of a second microstrip board assembly in the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4b is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 4a at D;

fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of a second metal layer of the omnidirectional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5b is a schematic perspective structural view of a second metal layer and a second microstrip substrate assembly of the omnidirectional antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a phase reversal principle of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a graph of S11 characteristic of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a directional diagram of the antenna at the central working frequency point according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a graph illustrating an anti-interference characteristic of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a graph showing the gain characteristics of the antenna in the operating frequency band and the interference rejection frequency band according to the embodiment of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a feed structure; 101. a coaxial inner conductor; 102. a support metal plate; 2. a filter feed line; 201. a first impedance matching section; 202. a second impedance matching section; 203. a polygonal split ring; 204. a circular filter; 205. a third impedance matching section; 206. a circular pad; 207. a feed metal post; 3. a first microstrip substrate; 301. a first via hole; 4. a metal layer 1; 401. a second via hole; 5. a second microstrip substrate; 501. a first blind hole; 502. a first metal pillar; 503. a second metal pillar; 6. a second metal layer; 601. a first phase reversal linear slot; 602. a second phase-reversal linear slot; 603. a third phase reversal straight-line slot; 604. a phase reversal annular groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the specific details set forth herein, and one skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a compact horizontal polarization high-gain omnidirectional antenna, which includes a feed structure 1 and an antenna radiation structure, wherein the antenna radiation structure includes a first microstrip board assembly, a first metal layer 4, a second microstrip board assembly and a second metal layer 6, which are arranged from top to bottom; the antenna comprises a first microstrip board assembly, a first metal layer 4, a second microstrip board assembly and a second metal layer 6, wherein the first microstrip board assembly, the first metal layer 4, the second microstrip board assembly and the second metal layer 6 are fixedly connected to form a rectangular strip-shaped antenna radiation structure, a feed structure 1 is fixed on the left side of the antenna radiation structure, and the feed structure 1 is electrically connected with a filter feeder 2 on the first microstrip board assembly.

When the feed structure is a coaxial feed structure, the feed structure 1 includes a fixing plate, a fixing hole is formed in the fixing plate, a coaxial inner joint is disposed in the fixing hole, a coaxial inner conductor 101 is disposed in the coaxial joint, an inner end of the coaxial inner conductor 101 is electrically connected to an end of the filter feed line 2, a supporting metal plate 102 is horizontally disposed on a lower side of the fixing plate, the supporting metal plate 102 contacts with a lower surface of the second metal layer 6, and the antenna radiation structure is supported and fixed by the supporting metal plate 102. Preferably, the coaxial inner conductor 101 may be a rectangular column, a cylinder, a triangular column, or the like. The support metal plate 102 may be square or circular, triangular, etc.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the first microstrip board assembly includes a first microstrip substrate 3, a filter feeder 2 is formed on an upper surface of the first microstrip substrate 3, an inner end of the filter feeder 2 extends to a middle of the first microstrip substrate 3, and the filter feeder 2 is made of a metal material.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3a to fig. 3e, the filter feeder 2 includes a first impedance matching section 201, an outside end of the first impedance matching section 201 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 1, an inside end of the first impedance matching section 201 and one end of a first second impedance matching section 202 are connected, and the other end of the first second impedance matching section 202 is connected to a first inner polygonal open loop 203, a first circular filter 204 is located in the first inner polygonal open loop 203, the first circular filter 204 is connected to one end of a second impedance matching section 202, the other end of the second impedance matching section 202 is connected to a second inner polygonal open loop 203, the second circular filter 204 is located in the second inner polygonal open loop 203, the second circular filter 204 is connected to one end of a third second impedance matching section 202, and the other end of the third second impedance matching section 202 is connected to a third inner polygonal open loop 203; the third circular filter 204 is located in the third inner polygonal split ring 203, the third circular filter 204 is connected with one end of a fourth second impedance matching section 202, the other end of the fourth second impedance matching section 202 is connected with one end of a third impedance matching section 205, and a circular pad 206 is arranged at the other end of the third impedance matching section 205.

In this embodiment, the filtering feeder adopts a third-order filtering structure, and for different application backgrounds, the order number can be increased or decreased appropriately according to the requirement. Each inner hexagonal open ring 203 and the corresponding circular filter 204 together form a group of filter resonance structures. Through three groups of filter structures, the suppression of electromagnetic waves in a set frequency band is realized. The end of the filter feeder 2 is provided with a circular pad 206, and the signal in the filter feeder 2 enters the feed metal post 207 through the circular pad 206 and continues to be transmitted to the rear end. Further, the inner polygonal open ring 203 may be an inner hexagonal open ring or may be replaced by an inner circular, inner triangular, or other structure. Further, the circular filter 204 may also be rectangular, triangular, etc.

Further, as shown in fig. 3a to fig. 3e, the first microstrip board assembly further includes a feed metal pillar 207, an upper end of the feed metal pillar 207 is electrically connected to the circular pad 206, a lower end of the feed metal pillar 207 passes through the first via hole 301 on the first microstrip board assembly and the second via hole 401 on the first metal layer and then enters the first blind hole 501 on the second microstrip board assembly, an end of the feed metal pillar does not pass through the second microstrip substrate 5, an inner diameter of the first via hole 301 and an inner diameter of the second via hole 401 are greater than a diameter of the feed metal pillar 207, and an inner diameter of the blind hole 501 is equal to the diameter of the feed metal pillar. The inner diameters of the first via 401 and the second via 402 are slightly larger than the diameter of the feed metal post 207, so as to perform an isolation function.

Further, as shown in fig. 4 a-4 b, the second microstrip board assembly includes a second microstrip substrate 5, a plurality of first metal pillars 502 vertically disposed are formed on two short sides and one long side of the second microstrip substrate 5, a plurality of sets of metal pillars arranged in a crossing manner are formed in the second microstrip substrate 5, the sets of metal pillars include a plurality of second metal pillars 503, an upper end of the first metal pillar 502 and an upper end of the second metal pillar 503 are electrically connected to the first metal layer 4, and a lower end of the first metal pillar 502 and a lower end of the second metal pillar 503 are electrically connected to the second metal layer 6; the first metal layer 4, the second microstrip substrate 5, the first metal column 502 and the second metal layer 6 together form a half-mode opening SIW resonant cavity.

Further, as shown in fig. 5a to 5b, phase reversal grooves corresponding to the metal pillar groups are formed in the second metal layer 6, and the phase reversal grooves divide the entire second metal layer 6 into a plurality of portions, and include a first phase reversal linear groove 601, a second phase reversal linear groove 602, a third phase reversal linear groove 603, and a phase reversal annular groove 604. The first phase inversion linear groove 601, the second phase inversion linear groove 602, and the third phase inversion linear groove 603 are provided to intersect with the phase inversion annular groove 604, and the first phase inversion linear groove 601, the second phase inversion linear groove 602, and the third phase inversion linear groove 603 are each divided into two parts by the phase inversion annular groove 604, that is, a front first phase inversion linear groove, a rear first phase inversion linear groove, a front second phase inversion linear groove, a rear second phase inversion linear groove, a front third phase inversion linear groove, and a rear third phase inversion linear groove, an included angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the front second phase reversal linear groove, an included angle between the front second phase reversal linear groove and the front third phase reversal linear groove, an included angle between the rear first phase reversal linear groove and the rear second phase reversal linear groove, and an included angle between the rear second phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove are all equal, the included angles are set to be a first angle, an included angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove and an included angle between the front third phase reversal linear groove and the rear first phase reversal linear groove are equal, the included angles are set to be a second angle, and the degree of the first angle is smaller than the degree of the second angle. The first phase inversion linear groove 601, the second phase inversion linear groove 602, the third phase inversion linear groove 603, the phase inversion annular groove 604, and the second metal post 503 together constitute a phase inversion structure.

Further, as shown in fig. 5a to 5b, the second metal posts 503 positioned at the intersection points among the second metal posts 503 corresponding to the phase reversal grooves are disposed opposite to the phase reversal annular grooves 604, the second metal posts 503 positioned outside the intersection points are positioned between the front first phase reversal linear grooves and the rear third phase reversal linear grooves and between the front third phase reversal linear grooves and the rear first phase reversal linear grooves, and the second metal posts 503 do not overlap with the phase reversal grooves in the vertical projection direction.

Preferably, antenna length is 3 waveguide wavelength, corresponds 6 standing waves, can also suitably adjust antenna length, increase and decrease standing wave quantity to correspond different application demands. Further, the first phase-reversal linear groove 601, the second phase-reversal linear groove 602, and the third phase-reversal linear groove 603 may be a broken line groove, a curved line groove, or the like. The phase inversion annular groove 604 may be a circular ring, a triangular ring, a rectangular ring, a polygonal ring, or the like.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, four phase reversal structures are provided, and the relative positions between the structures are shown in fig. 5a-5b, where λ represents the waveguide wavelength. The distance between the two metal column groups positioned in the middle is lambda, the distance between the metal column groups positioned on the two sides is lambda/2, the distance between the metal column group positioned on the outer side and the corresponding short side of the second microstrip substrate is lambda/2, and lambda represents the waveguide wavelength.

The phase inversion principle of the antenna is shown in fig. 6, and after the phase inversion structure is loaded, the phases of adjacent standing waves in the half-mold opening SIW resonant cavity can be the same, so that the standing waves can be superposed in the same phase, and the gain of the antenna can be improved. In electromagnetism, a complete TE ₁₀ The mode occupies half-wave guided wave length and width, the utility model discloses in, the width of antenna is only quarter waveguide wavelength, consequently forms half TE ₁₀ Mode(s). Therefore, the resonant cavity in the present invention is referred to as a half-mode resonant cavity.

Fig. 7 is the S11 characteristic curve of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna has a good matching in the 4.4GHz band, and the frequency band belongs to Sub-6GHz, and has a wide application prospect in the next generation mobile communication. Fig. 8 is the directional diagram of the antenna at the central working frequency point according to the present invention, which shows the characteristic of omnidirectional radiation. Fig. 9 is the anti-interference characteristic curve of the antenna, this antenna has good suppression effect to the electromagnetic wave in the 7.5GHz frequency band. Fig. 10 is the embodiment of the present invention provides a gain characteristic curve of the antenna in the working frequency band and the interference rejection frequency band, compared with the antenna without loading the filtering structure, the antenna has higher gain in the working frequency band, and the gain is significantly reduced in the rejection frequency band, so as to have good radiation and interference rejection.

Overall speaking, the utility model discloses the antenna possesses following several key feature:

1. high gain: on the one hand the phase reversal structure has been added to the antenna structure for the phase place of the adjacent standing wave in half module opening SIW resonant cavity is the same, can the homophase stack, is favorable to antenna gain's promotion. On the other hand, the antenna and the filter are integrally designed, so that loss caused by cascade connection of a plurality of devices can be avoided, and the gain of the antenna can be improved.

2. Filtering: adopt the filtering feeder among the antenna structure, integrated third-order filtering resonance structure in the feeder has filterable ability to the specific frequency channel electromagnetic wave.

3. The method is compact: and a half-mode SIW resonant cavity is adopted, so that the width of the antenna is obviously reduced. By cutting the traditional SIW along the center of the narrow edge, because the electromagnetic wave has axial symmetry in the transmission direction, a cutting surface with the medium inside and the air outside is formed along the center, and the cutting surface is an ideal magnetic wall. That is, no matter whether one of the two blocks is removed, the electromagnetic field distribution in the cavity is not affected, so that two identical half-mode SIW resonant cavities are obtained. The half-mode SIW resonant cavity not only inherits all the performance advantages of the SIW, but also is lighter and smaller. Because of the dividing of the SIW from the middle, the area, volume and mass are only half of the original SIW.

Compared with the traditional mode of cascading the filter at the tail end of the antenna, the integrated design of the antenna and the filter can reduce the cascading loss and the system volume; the introduction of a phase reversal structure improves the gain of the antenna; and the half-mode SIW resonant cavity is used, so that the antenna is small in size and compact in overall structure.

Claims (8)

1. A compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: the antenna radiation structure comprises a feed structure (1) and an antenna radiation structure, wherein the antenna radiation structure comprises a first microstrip plate component, a first metal layer (4), a second microstrip plate component and a second metal layer (6) which are arranged from top to bottom, the first microstrip plate component, the first metal layer (4), the second microstrip plate component and the second metal layer (6) are fixedly connected to form a rectangular strip-shaped antenna radiation structure, the feed structure (1) is fixed on the left side of the antenna radiation structure, and the feed structure (1) is electrically connected with a filter feeder (2) on the first microstrip plate component; the feed structure (1) comprises a fixing plate, a fixing hole is formed in the fixing plate, a coaxial inner joint is arranged in the fixing hole, a coaxial inner conductor (101) is arranged in the coaxial joint, the end part of the inner side of the coaxial inner conductor (101) is electrically connected with the end part of the filter feeder (2), a supporting metal plate (102) is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the fixing plate, and the supporting metal plate (102) is in contact with the lower surface of the second metal layer (6); the first microstrip board assembly comprises a first microstrip substrate (3), a filter feeder line (2) is formed on the upper surface of the first microstrip substrate (3), and the inner side end of the filter feeder line (2) extends to the middle of the first microstrip substrate (3).

2. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the filter feeder line (2) comprises a first impedance matching section (201), the outer end of the first impedance matching section (201) is electrically connected with the feed structure (1), the inner end of the first impedance matching section (201) is connected with one end of a first second impedance matching section (202), the other end of the first second impedance matching section (202) is connected with a first inner polygonal open ring (203), a first circular filter (204) is positioned in the first inner polygonal open ring (203), the first circular filter (204) is connected with one end of a second impedance matching section (202), the other end of the second impedance matching section (202) is connected with a second inner polygonal open ring (203), the second circular filter (204) is positioned in the second inner polygonal open ring (203), the second circular filter (204) is connected with one end of a third second impedance matching section (202), and the other end of the third second impedance matching section (202) is connected with a third inner polygonal open ring (203); the third circular filter (204) is located in a third inner polygonal open ring (203), the third circular filter (204) is connected with one end of a fourth second impedance matching section (202), the other end of the fourth second impedance matching section (202) is connected with one end of a third impedance matching section (205), and a circular bonding pad (206) is arranged at the other end of the third impedance matching section (205).

3. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 2, wherein: the first microstrip board assembly further comprises a feed metal column (207), the upper end of the feed metal column (207) is electrically connected with the circular pad (206), the lower end of the feed metal column (207) penetrates through a first via hole (301) in the first microstrip board assembly and a second via hole (401) in the first metal layer and then enters a first blind hole (501) in the second microstrip board assembly, the inner diameter of the first via hole (301) and the inner diameter of the second via hole (401) are larger than the diameter of the feed metal column (207), and the inner diameter of the first blind hole (501) is equal to the diameter of the feed metal column.

4. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the second microstrip board assembly comprises a second microstrip substrate (5), a plurality of first metal columns (502) which are vertically arranged are formed on two short sides and one long side of the second microstrip substrate (5), a plurality of groups of metal column groups which are arranged in a crossed manner are formed in the second microstrip substrate (5), each metal column group comprises a plurality of second metal columns (503), the upper ends of the first metal columns (502) and the second metal columns (503) are electrically connected with the first metal layer (4), and the lower ends of the first metal columns (502) and the second metal columns (503) are electrically connected with the second metal layer (6); the first metal layer (4), the second microstrip substrate (5), the first metal column (502) and the second metal layer (6) jointly form a half-mode opening SIW resonant cavity.

5. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 4, wherein: the second metal layer (6) is provided with phase reversal grooves corresponding to the metal column groups which are arranged in a crossed manner, the phase reversal grooves comprise a first phase reversal linear groove (601), a second phase reversal linear groove (602), a third phase reversal linear groove (603) and a phase reversal annular groove (604), the first phase reversal linear groove (601), the second phase reversal linear groove (602) and the third phase reversal linear groove (603) are arranged in a crossed manner with the phase reversal annular groove (604), the first phase reversal linear groove (601), the second phase reversal linear groove (602) and the third phase reversal linear groove (603) are divided into two parts by the phase reversal annular groove (604), namely a front first phase reversal linear groove, a rear first phase reversal linear groove, a front second phase reversal linear groove, a rear second phase reversal linear groove, a front third phase reversal linear groove and a rear third phase reversal linear groove, an angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the front second phase reversal linear groove, an angle between the front second phase reversal linear groove and the front third phase reversal linear groove, an angle between the rear first phase reversal linear groove and the rear second phase reversal linear groove, and an angle between the rear second phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove are all equal, and are set to be a first angle, an angle between the front first phase reversal linear groove and the rear third phase reversal linear groove, and an angle between the front third phase reversal linear groove and the rear first phase reversal linear groove are equal, and are set to be a second angle, the degree of the first angle is less than the degree of the second angle.

6. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 5, wherein: second metal posts (503) located at intersections among the second metal posts (503) corresponding to the phase inversion grooves are disposed opposite to the phase inversion annular grooves (604), the second metal posts (503) outside the intersections are located between the front first phase inversion linear groove and the rear third phase inversion linear groove and between the front third phase inversion linear groove and the rear first phase inversion linear groove, and the second metal posts (503) and the phase inversion grooves do not overlap in the up-down projection direction.

7. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 4, wherein: the distance between two metal column groups in the middle is lambda, the distance between metal column groups on two sides is lambda/2, the distance between the metal column groups on the outer sides and the corresponding short side of the second microstrip substrate is lambda/2, and lambda represents the waveguide wavelength.

8. The compact horizontally polarized high gain omnidirectional antenna of claim 4, wherein: the coaxial inner conductor (101) may be a rectangular column, a cylinder, or a triangular column.

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