CN218298367U - Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit - Google Patents

Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN218298367U
CN218298367U CN202222097444.4U CN202222097444U CN218298367U CN 218298367 U CN218298367 U CN 218298367U CN 202222097444 U CN202222097444 U CN 202222097444U CN 218298367 U CN218298367 U CN 218298367U
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resistor
module
operational amplifier
differential
electromagnetic induction
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张海鹏
毛杰键
吴检波
吕达文
涂涛
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Shangrao Branch Of China Mobile Communications Group Jiangxi Co ltd
Shangrao Normal University
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Shangrao Branch Of China Mobile Communications Group Jiangxi Co ltd
Shangrao Normal University
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit. The power module of the utility model provides the electric energy needed by the operation for the other modules; the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module is used for sensing weak space electromagnetic fluctuation provided by a signal source to be detected and outputting the weak space electromagnetic fluctuation as a signal source input by two ends of the differential amplification module through differential output of two output ends. The differential amplifying module amplifies the differential signal output by the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module by 1000 times, and converts the differential signal into single-ended output to be used as a signal source of the proportional amplifying module. The proportional amplification module amplifies the output signal of the differential amplification module by 1000 times, then the output signal reaches several V magnitude and drives the buzzer module to give out sound alarm. The utility model discloses circuit structure is simple, small, light in weight, energy consumption are low, and the cooperation safety helmet need not handheld specific terminal and can independently survey with electric apparatus electrified state, is convenient for wear with oneself, helps protecting personal safety, improves work efficiency.

Description

Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electromagnetic induction detector, concretely relates to non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit.
Background
The wearable non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit is convenient for construction personnel in electrical and electronic engineering sites to wear due to smaller size, smaller weight, higher sensitivity, larger sensing detection capability, lower cost and higher reliability, can give an alarm to remind when the construction personnel approaches a charged body for a certain distance, and has wide application prospect in the fields of safety protection, leakage detection, power failure detection, maintenance and the like of the construction personnel in the electrical and electronic engineering sites.
The conventional electroscope is generally a handheld contact type conduction current electroscope, such as a commonly used test pencil, and is generally used for deliberately detecting the charged state of a specific electrode terminal by the handheld electroscope in a specific posture in a simple electricity scene, and a human body is required to be communicated with the ground as a part of a conductive path.
The utility model discloses a utility model patent of the invention name is an electronic electroscope for electrical power rush-repair for CN208736926U provides one kind and for taking the on-vehicle mechanical transmission double probe contact electroscope of universal wheel, is applicable to electrical power rush-repair field application, and automobile body mechanical structure is loaded with miscellaneous, and is bulky, weight is big, needs artifical the implementation, and unchangeable hand-carried is worn.
For the application scene in a shop with high-voltage electric leakage danger, the short-distance electricity testing of a human body is not suitable, the invention patent with the publication number of CN107576827A and the name of the invention of the telescopic electric electroscope extension rod device adopts a contact type electroscope fastened at the top end of the telescopic electric electroscope extension rod device to realize the detection of the electrified state of a limited long-distance cable, an electric appliance or an electrode terminal. For complex power utilization places such as all levels of transformer substations, power utilization dispatching centers, other engineering construction sites with more bare and leaky terminals and limited rotating space, the traditional handheld electroscope, the telescopic rod fastening electroscope, the contact type electroscope with the universal wheel vehicle-mounted mechanical transmission double-probe and the like are more and more inconvenient to use and are not beneficial to intelligent safety protection of field construction personnel.
In a particularly complex high-voltage power grid environment or an environment such as a field power grid where construction personnel are inconvenient to frequently arrive at the site, in order to further reduce the construction danger of the construction personnel at the site, the non-contact electromagnetic induction detector can be adopted to configure an RF communication module to be arranged into a large-range distributed sensor node, a detection result is transmitted to a central control processor of a transformer substation through wireless communication by a lower computer and a 5G base station relay, and necessary alarm is sent to monitoring personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit.
The utility model discloses a power module, RMC series-parallel connection electromagnetic induction module, differential amplifier module, proportion amplifier module and buzzer audible alarm module. The power supply module provides electric energy required by the work for the other modules; the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module is used for sensing weak space electromagnetic fluctuation provided by a signal source to be detected and outputting the weak space electromagnetic fluctuation as a signal source input by two ends of the differential amplification module through differential output of two output ends. The differential amplifying module amplifies the differential signal output by the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module by 1000 times, and converts the differential signal into single-ended output which is used as a signal source of the proportional amplifying module. The proportional amplification module amplifies the output signal of the differential amplification module by 1000 times, then the output signal reaches several V magnitude and drives the buzzer module to give out sound alarm. The power supply module is a 3.7-5V direct current power supply.
The RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module comprises an electromagnetic transformer M1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4; the electromagnetic transformer M1 detects a signal of a signal source to be detected through electromagnetic induction, the signal is divided by serially connecting a second resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first resistor R3, and a differential input signal is output from a port between a first differential output end and a second differential output end;
the differential amplifying module comprises an operational amplifier 2094A, a third resistor R14, a fourth resistor R11, a fifth resistor R2 and a sixth resistor R1; one end of the fifth resistor R2 is used as an inverting input end of the differential amplifying module and is connected with a first differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module; the other end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A is connected to the second differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module as the non-inverting input end of the differential amplification module; after the third resistor R14 and the fourth resistor R11 are connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor R is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the third resistor R is grounded, so as to serve as a balanced resistor of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; one end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and then serves as the output terminal of the differential amplification module circuit, so as to provide an input signal to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module; the grounding pin of the operational amplifier 2094A unit is grounded, and the power pin is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply provided by the power supply module;
the proportional amplification module comprises a third capacitor C3, an operational amplifier 2094B unit, a seventh resistor R8, an eighth resistor R9, a ninth resistor R7 and a tenth resistor R10; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the differential amplification module as the signal input end of the proportional amplification module, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B through the ninth resistor R7; one end of a feedback resistor R10 of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit, and the other end of the feedback resistor R10 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit and then serves as the output end of the proportional amplification module to provide an input signal for the buzzer sound alarm module; after the seventh resistor R8 and the eighth resistor R9 are connected in parallel, one end of the seventh resistor R8 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B, and the other end of the seventh resistor R is grounded, so as to serve as a non-inverting input end balance resistor of the operational amplifier 2094B; the grounding pin of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is grounded, and the power pin is connected to the positive electrode of the power provided by the power module;
the buzzer sound alarm module comprises a potentiometer W1 and a buzzer Buz1; one end of the potentiometer W1 is used as the input end of the buzzer sound alarm module and connected with the output end of the proportional amplification module, the other end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the anode of the buzzer Buz1, and the cathode of the buzzer Buz1 is grounded; the output end of the proportional amplification module is simultaneously connected with the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1.
The third capacitor C3 is an interstage coupling capacitor, and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the capacitance not less than 1mF is selected.
The differential amplification module and the proportional amplification module select an operational amplification chip with the model number of LM2904, and a double operational amplifier unit is arranged in the chip.
This detector circuit is from becoming closed loop, and the detection process need not the human body as a part in return circuit, and circuit structure is simple, small, light in weight, the energy consumption is low, and the cooperation safety helmet need not handheld specific terminal of deliberately detecting and can independently survey one section distance unexpected nonspecific terminal or the electrified state with electrical apparatus: the electrode terminal to be tested or the electric appliance does not need to be contacted, so that the electrode terminal to be tested or the electric appliance is convenient for a user to wear, the personal safety is protected, the working efficiency is improved, the resources are saved, and the energy consumption is reduced. The method effectively reduces the site construction danger of power construction personnel, and can be used for monitoring electricity stealing and wild animal high-voltage electricity stealing hunting behaviors.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an exemplary signal source under test;
FIG. 3 shows the experimental results of oscilloscope tests in the examples;
fig. 4 is a photograph of a bottom view, a front view, a side view and a top view of a typical contemporary intelligent electrician helmet.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit includes a power module, an RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module, a differential amplification module, a proportional amplification module, and a buzzer sound alarm module.
In this embodiment, the power module provides power for the other modules.
The RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module comprises an electromagnetic transformer M1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4; the electromagnetic transformer M1 is divided into two parts, namely Ls1 and Ls2, by a middle tap; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the second capacitor C2; the middle tap is connected with the common connecting end of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 and then serves as a second differential output end; the other end of the Ls1 is connected with one end of a second resistor R4 and then used as a first differential output end; the other end of the second resistor R4 is connected with the other end of the first capacitor C1; the other end of Ls2 is grounded; the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the first resistor R3; the other end of the first resistor R3 is grounded.
The electromagnetic transformer M1 detects a signal of a signal source to be detected through electromagnetic induction, the signal is divided by connecting the second resistor R4, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the first resistor R3 in series, and a differential input signal is output through a port between the first differential output end and the second differential output end.
The differential amplification module comprises an operational amplifier 2094A unit, a third resistor R14, a fourth resistor R11, a fifth resistor R2 and a sixth resistor R1; one end of the fifth resistor R2 is used as an inverting input end of the differential amplifying module and is connected with a first differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module; the other end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A unit is connected to the second differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module as the non-inverting input end of the differential amplification module; after the third resistor R14 and the fourth resistor R11 are connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor R is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the third resistor R is grounded, so as to serve as a balanced resistor of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; one end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and then is used as the output terminal of the differential amplifier module circuit to provide the input signal to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module.
The ground pin of the operational amplifier 2094A is grounded and the power pin is connected to the power supply.
An output signal output by a first differential of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module is used as an input signal Vi of an inverting end of a circuit of the differential amplification module - (ii) a The output signal of the second differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module is used as the input signal Vi of the in-phase end of the differential amplification module circuit +
The proportional amplification module comprises a third capacitor C3, an operational amplifier 2094B unit, a seventh resistor R8, an eighth resistor R9, a ninth resistor R7 and a tenth resistor R10 (feedback resistor); one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the differential amplification module as the signal input end of the proportional amplification module, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B through the ninth resistor R7; one end of a feedback resistor R10 of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit, and the other end of the feedback resistor R10 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit and then used as the output end of the proportional amplification module to provide an input signal for the buzzer sound alarm module.
The seventh resistor R8 is connected in parallel with the eighth resistor R9, and then has one end connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2094B, and the other end connected to ground, which is used as a non-inverting input terminal balance resistor of the operational amplifier 2094B.
The ground pin of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is grounded, i.e., the negative terminal of the power supply, and the power pin is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply.
In the embodiment, the third capacitor C3 is an interstage coupling capacitor, and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with a capacitance not less than 1 μ F is selected;
in this embodiment, the model LM2904 operational amplifier chip is selected, and the chip includes dual operational amplifier units (one operational amplifier 2094A is used to implement a differential amplifier module circuit, and the other operational amplifier 2904B is used to implement a proportional amplifier module circuit).
The buzzer sound alarm module 5 comprises a potentiometer W1 and a buzzer Buz1; one end of the potentiometer W1 serving as the input end of the buzzer sound alarm module is connected with the output end of the proportion amplification module, the other end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the anode of the buzzer Buz1, and the cathode of the buzzer Buz1 is grounded; the output end of the proportional amplification module is simultaneously connected with the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1; the volume control device is used for adjusting the volume of sound emitted by the buzzer Buz1 and controlling whether the buzzer Buz1 emits sound alarm or not.
The working process is as follows:
the analog signal source to be measured used in the embodiment takes a 50hz,220v AC power supply as an example, and measurement is performed; fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an analog signal source to be tested (used only in simulation test) used in simulation test in the embodiment.
V1 is an AC voltage source to be measured, R6 is a slide rheostat and is used for converting output voltage of the AC voltage source into output current and simulating and adjusting the intensity of the output current to simulate the change of a space electromagnetic field around a signal source to be measured, and equivalently adjusting the space distance between a sensor corresponding to the space distribution rule of the electromagnetic field and the signal source to be measured; a signal source parasitic inductance Lp to be detected and a signal source parasitic capacitance C6 to be detected.
The actual test circuit selects an actual integrated circuit chip, an electronic component and a self-made mutual inductor which meet the requirements according to the relation defined by the signal transmission path direction and the interface to form a circuit initial sample by interconnecting the actual integrated circuit chip, the electronic component and the self-made mutual inductor in a real object manner: a power supply starting switch is arranged among the power supply module, the differential amplification module and the proportional amplification module and is used for connecting and disconnecting a power supply; the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module can sense and detect weak spatial electromagnetic fluctuation provided by a signal source module to be detected within a certain spatial distance, and the weak spatial electromagnetic fluctuation is differentially output (generally in the magnitude of several mV) through two output ends to be used as a differential signal source input at two ends of the differential amplification module; the differential amplifying module amplifies the differential signal output by the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module by 1000 times and converts the differential signal into single-ended output which is used as a single-ended input signal source of the proportional amplifying module. The proportion amplification module amplifies the output signal of the differential amplification module by 1000 times again, then the pulse height of the output signal is close to 4.0V, and the buzzer module can be driven to give out sound alarm (an electromagnetic buzzer needs to be selected for the DC power supply module with the voltage lower than 3.7V, the lowest driving voltage is generally 1.5V, the DC power supply module with the voltage of 3.7-5.0V can be selected for either the electromagnetic buzzer or the piezoelectric buzzer, the lowest driving voltage is generally 2.5-3.0V, and the pulse with the pulse height of no-load output pulse higher than 2.6V can be enough to drive the two buzzers to give out sound alarm); the minimum actual measurement output pulse height within a distance of 45 centimeters from a target to be measured of 220V/50Hz when the DC power supply voltage is 3.7V is as high as 2.6V.
The oscilloscope test experiment result is shown in fig. 3, according to actual test, for 50Hz,220V AC voltage and current, the voltage and the current can be automatically detected within a range of 46 centimeters away from a detector powered by a 5V DC power supply module, and an alarm is given to remind constructors of paying attention; for 50Hz,110kV AC voltage and current, the magnetic field intensity is approximately estimated in inverse proportion to the square of the distance, and the voltage and the current can be detected and give an alarm within the distance range of 1.5-10 meters; for a 50Hz,1000kV AC backbone network, the induction detection distance is estimated to be more than 20 meters to 30 meters; for a high-voltage DC transmission cable, when the high-voltage DC transmission cable approaches the speed of normal walking or climbing of a normal person, the high-voltage DC transmission cable can detect the high-voltage DC transmission cable at a distance beyond 1 meter and give an alarm.
The modern intelligent electrician safety helmet shown in figure 4 is provided with a 3.7V lithium ion battery, the detector can be directly connected with the lithium ion battery without additionally designing and installing a power supply, a detector circuit can be installed at the top in the safety helmet, a mutual inductor can be installed outside the safety helmet, a buzzer can be installed at the left ear side or the right ear side in the safety helmet, the mutual inductor is connected with a detection circuit through a flexible wire, the power connection end and the grounding end of the detection circuit are correspondingly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery in the safety helmet, and the buzzer is connected with the detector circuit through the flexible wire with a wire-controlled sliding switch. The buzzer is connected with a potentiometer in series and used for adjusting output voltage and current, so that the volume of the buzzer is adjusted.
The detector circuit is a closed loop, a human body is not needed to be used as a part of the loop in the detection process, the circuit is simple in structure, small in size, light in weight and low in energy consumption, a rechargeable battery can be adopted as a DC power supply, a flexible circuit board is adopted to manufacture a wearable electromagnetic induction device, and the wearable electromagnetic induction device is worn on the periphery, shoulders, wrists and the like of a safety helmet; the hard circuit board is adopted for manufacturing, can be arranged on the top of a safety helmet, the back of a hand of a glove and the like, or can be manufactured into a badge type to be worn on the shoulder or a side belt of the safety helmet, and a specific terminal does not need to be held by a hand to detect intentionally, namely the charged state of a non-specific terminal or an electric appliance with an unexpected distance can be detected automatically: the electrode terminal to be tested or the electric appliance does not need to be contacted, the portable electrode tester is convenient for a user to wear, and is beneficial to protecting personal safety, improving working efficiency, saving resources, reducing energy consumption, protecting environment and realizing sustainable development.
In a particularly complex high-voltage power grid environment or an environment such as a field power grid and the like which is inconvenient for constructors to frequently arrive at the site, in order to further reduce the construction danger of the constructors on the site, the non-contact electromagnetic induction detector can be adopted to configure an RF communication module to be arranged into a large-range distributed sensor node, the detection result is transmitted to a central control processor of a transformer substation for processing through wireless communication by a lower computer and a 5G base station relay, and necessary alarm is sent to monitoring workers.
The utility model discloses an use and implement, will not only can more conveniently reduce electric power constructor site operation danger effectively, can also be used for monitoring to steal the electric behavior of hunting with wild animal high-voltage electricity theft, to protecting national electrical safety and protection wild animal resource, help maintaining ecological environment healthy.

Claims (3)

1. A non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit, characterized by: the device comprises a power supply module, an RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module, a differential amplification module, a proportional amplification module and a buzzer sound alarm module;
the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module comprises an electromagnetic transformer M1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R3 and a second resistor R4; the electromagnetic transformer M1 detects a signal of a signal source to be detected through electromagnetic induction, the signal is divided by serially connecting a second resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first resistor R3, and a differential input signal is output from a port between a first differential output end and a second differential output end;
the differential amplifying module comprises an operational amplifier 2094A, a third resistor R14, a fourth resistor R11, a fifth resistor R2 and a sixth resistor R1; one end of the fifth resistor R2 is used as an inverting input end of the differential amplifying module and is connected with a first differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module; the other end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A unit is connected to the second differential output end of the RMC series-parallel electromagnetic induction module as the non-inverting input end of the differential amplification module; after the third resistor R14 and the fourth resistor R11 are connected in parallel, one end of the third resistor R is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the third resistor R is grounded, so as to serve as a balanced resistor of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094A; one end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 2094A, and then serves as the output terminal of the differential amplification module circuit to provide an input signal to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module; the grounding pin of the operational amplifier 2094A unit is grounded, and the power pin is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply provided by the power supply module;
the proportional amplification module comprises a third capacitor C3, an operational amplifier 2094B unit, a seventh resistor R8, an eighth resistor R9, a ninth resistor R7 and a tenth resistor R10; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the differential amplification module as the signal input end of the proportional amplification module, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B through the ninth resistor R7; one end of a feedback resistor R10 of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit, and the other end of the feedback resistor R10 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 2094B unit and then serves as the output end of the proportional amplification module to provide an input signal for the buzzer sound alarm module; after being connected in parallel with the eighth resistor R9, the seventh resistor R8 has one end connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 2094B, and the other end connected to the ground, and serves as a non-inverting input terminal balance resistor of the operational amplifier 2094B; the grounding pin of the operational amplifier 2094B unit is grounded, and the power pin is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply provided by the power module;
the buzzer sound alarm module comprises a potentiometer W1 and a buzzer Buz1; one end of the potentiometer W1 is used as the input end of the buzzer sound alarm module and connected with the output end of the proportional amplification module, the other end of the potentiometer W1 is connected with the anode of the buzzer Buz1, and the cathode of the buzzer Buz1 is grounded; the output end of the proportional amplification module is connected with the adjusting end of the potentiometer W1 at the same time.
2. The non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit of claim 1, wherein: the third capacitor C3 is an interstage coupling capacitor, and an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with the capacitance not less than 1 muF is selected.
3. The non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit of claim 1, wherein: the differential amplification module and the proportional amplification module select an operational amplification chip with the model number of LM2904, and a double operational amplifier unit is arranged in the chip.
CN202222097444.4U 2022-08-10 2022-08-10 Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit Active CN218298367U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222097444.4U CN218298367U (en) 2022-08-10 2022-08-10 Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222097444.4U CN218298367U (en) 2022-08-10 2022-08-10 Non-contact electromagnetic induction detector circuit

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CN218298367U true CN218298367U (en) 2023-01-13

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