CN218241898U - Fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Fuel cell power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218241898U CN218241898U CN202222225182.5U CN202222225182U CN218241898U CN 218241898 U CN218241898 U CN 218241898U CN 202222225182 U CN202222225182 U CN 202222225182U CN 218241898 U CN218241898 U CN 218241898U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fuel cell power generation system, include: solid oxide fuel cell stack: electrochemical power generation is carried out by taking hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials, and a combustor is adopted: the tail gas generated by the reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell stack is combusted, and the first heat exchanger is used for: a reformer connected to the solid oxide fuel cell stack and the burner, respectively: is connected with the first heat exchanger, the methanol is decomposed by the reformer to generate hydrogen which is introduced into the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger: be connected with first heat exchanger and reformer respectively, utilize remaining heat behind heating hydrogen and the air in the first heat exchanger to provide the heat for the decomposition reaction in the reformer, compare with prior art, the utility model discloses the heat energy at different levels that rational utilization tail gas produced improves tail gas utilization ratio, has reduced input atmospheric pressure and backpressure for the whole start-up speed of system has effectively prolonged battery life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power generation facility technical field particularly, relates to a fuel cell power generation system.
Background
The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) has no combustion process, so that the fuel energy loss and the emission of atmospheric pollutants are greatly reduced, and the SOFC has the advantages that the traditional power generation device does not have, and has wide application prospects in the fields of portable power generation devices, automobile auxiliary power sources, distributed power stations and the like.
The SOFC has higher energy conversion efficiency, can realize more than 50% of electric conversion efficiency, has very high waste heat quality, can be used together with a gas turbine or a steam engine and the like, and ensures that the comprehensive utilization rate of fuel reaches more than 80%. Under the same electric load, the electric efficiency is far higher than that of the traditional heat engine power generation device (less than or equal to 30%). The SOFC has the working temperature of 650-850 ℃, can avoid poisoning of CO on a metal ceramic electrode (Ni-YSZ) and reduce the requirement of the SOFC on the fuel quality, so that the SOFC has strong fuel adaptability and can use hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas, diesel oil, kerosene and the like as fuels. Although SOFCs can theoretically generate electricity directly using hydrocarbons as fuel, for the most commonly used Ni-YSZ anodes, carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning on the electrodes will causeIts catalytic performance is drastically reduced, so hydrocarbon fuels such as methane (CH) are generally used 4 ) Externally reforming methanol and the like to CO and H 2 And then the anode side of the SOFC pile is introduced for power generation, but the structure still has the defects of low tail gas utilization rate, complex process, large back pressure and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a fuel cell power generation system, the heat energy at different levels that rational utilization tail gas produced improves tail gas utilization ratio, has reduced input atmospheric pressure and backpressure for the whole start-up speed of system has effectively prolonged battery life.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel cell power generation system, comprising: carrying out electrochemical power generation by taking hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials;
a combustor: the tail gas generated by the solid oxide fuel cell stack is combusted;
a first heat exchanger: the solid oxide fuel cell stack is connected with the combustor, the hot air generated by the combustion of tail gas of the combustor is used for heating hydrogen and air entering the first heat exchanger, and the heated hot hydrogen and hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack;
a reformer: the first heat exchanger is connected with the methanol reforming device, and the methanol is decomposed by the reforming device to generate hydrogen and then the hydrogen is introduced into the first heat exchanger;
a second heat exchanger: and the heat energy remained after the hydrogen and the air are heated in the first heat exchanger is used for providing heat for the decomposition reaction in the reformer.
Preferably, the fuel supply system further comprises a fuel tank connected to the reformer and the burner, respectively, for supplying the decomposition products to the reformer and the combustion raw materials to the burner.
Preferably, the fuel tank is connected with the burner through a first electric control valve, the fuel tank is connected with the reformer through a second electric control valve, and before the solid oxide fuel cell stack starts to work, the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve are both opened, so that the fuel in the fuel tank respectively enters the burner and the reformer; when the solid oxide fuel cell stack starts to work, the first electric control valve is closed, the second electric control valve is opened, and the fuel in the fuel tank enters the reformer.
Preferably, a variable flow pump and a pressure sensor are provided at an outlet of the fuel tank.
Preferably, a flow meter is disposed between the fuel tank and the first and second electrically controlled valves.
Preferably, the heat distribution device is connected with the combustor, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively and used for adjusting the distribution of heat generated by tail gas combusted by the combustor between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
Preferably, the heat distribution device comprises a fan and a third heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger is respectively connected with the fan, the burner, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and when the fan does not work, the heat of the third heat exchanger is transmitted to the first heat exchanger for heating the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger; when the fan is turned on, air enters the third heat exchanger and circulates towards the second heat exchanger, partial heat in the third heat exchanger is taken away and is transmitted into the second heat exchanger, and residual heat in the third heat exchanger is transmitted into the first heat exchanger to heat hydrogen and air.
Preferably, the fan is connected with the third heat exchanger through a check valve.
Preferably, a filter is provided at an inlet of the blower for filtering the incoming air.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger is selected from one of the following: plate heat exchanger, tubular heat exchanger, floating head heat exchanger.
Preferably, the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, and the medium in the second heat exchanger is selected from one of oil, glycol and a mixture of water and glycol.
Preferably, the third heat exchanger is selected from one of the following: plate heat exchanger, tubular heat exchanger, floating head heat exchanger.
Preferably, a buffer tank is provided between the reformer and the first heat exchanger. The buffer tank may be used to temporarily store hydrogen gas generated by the decomposition of the fuel by the reformer.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses rational utilization tail gas produces heat energy at different levels improves tail gas utilization ratio, has reduced input atmospheric pressure and backpressure for the whole start-up speed of system has effectively prolonged battery life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell power generation system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell power generation system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-a solid oxide fuel cell stack; 2-a burner; 3-a first heat exchanger; 4-a reformer; 41-a buffer tank; 5-a second heat exchanger; 6-a fuel tank; 61-a first electrically controlled valve; 62-a second electrically controlled valve; 63-a variable flow pump; 64-a pressure sensor; 65-a flow meter; 7-heat distribution means; 71-a fan; 72-a third heat exchanger; 73-a check valve; 74-Filter.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell power generation system includes,
solid oxide fuel cell stack 1: carrying out electrochemical power generation by taking hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials;
the combustor 2: the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is connected, and tail gas generated by the reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is combusted;
first heat exchanger 3: the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 and the combustor 2 are respectively connected, the hot air generated by the combustion of the tail gas of the combustor 2 is utilized to heat the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger 3, and the heated hot hydrogen and the heated hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1;
a reformer 4: is connected with the first heat exchanger 3, and the methanol is decomposed by the reformer 4 to generate hydrogen which is introduced into the first heat exchanger 3;
the second heat exchanger 5: and the heat energy is used for providing heat for the decomposition reaction in the reformer 4 after the hydrogen and the air are heated in the first heat exchanger 3.
Be provided with low temperature hydrogen entry on the first heat exchanger 3, low temperature air inlet, high temperature hydrogen export, the high temperature air export, and low temperature hydrogen entry on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the hydrogen export of reformer 4, low temperature air entry on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with air conduit, high temperature hydrogen export on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the positive pole of solid oxide fuel cell pile 1, high temperature air export on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the negative pole of solid oxide fuel cell pile 1, and the hot gas entry of first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the tail gas export of combustor 2, the hot gas export of first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the hot gas import of second heat exchanger 5.
The second heat exchanger 5 is provided with a hot gas inlet, a waste gas outlet, a hot medium outlet and a cold medium inlet, the hot gas inlet on the second heat exchanger 5 is connected with the hot gas outlet of the first heat exchanger 3, the waste gas outlet on the second heat exchanger 5 is discharged into the outside air, the hot medium outlet and the cold medium inlet on the second heat exchanger 5 are both connected with the reformer 4 and are used for supplying heat required by decomposing fuel in the reformer 4, and the cooled medium returns to the second heat exchanger 5 through the cold medium inlet.
Referring to fig. 1, the operating principle of the fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment is as follows: the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 uses hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials to perform electrochemical power generation, meanwhile, tail gas generated by power generation of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is combusted through a combustor 2, hot air obtained by combustion is introduced into a first heat exchanger 3, the first heat exchanger 3 can heat the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger 3 through the hot air generated by the combustion of the tail gas of the combustor 2, the heated hot hydrogen and the heated hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1, the hydrogen in the first heat exchanger 3 is from a reformer 4, methanol is introduced into the reformer 4, the obtained hydrogen flows into the first heat exchanger 3 through decomposition, in the first heat exchanger 3, when heat for heating the hydrogen and the air is excessive, the residual heat is introduced into a second heat exchanger 5, the second heat exchanger 5 is connected with the reformer 4, the hot air flows through the second heat exchanger 5 to perform heat exchange with the reformer 4, so that the temperature required by the reformer 4 to decompose the methanol is provided, and the circulation is completed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell power generation system in the present embodiment, includes,
solid oxide fuel cell stack 1: carrying out electrochemical power generation by taking hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials;
the combustor 2: the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is connected, and tail gas generated by the reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is combusted;
first heat exchanger 3: the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 and the combustor 2 are respectively connected, the hot air generated by the combustion of the tail gas of the combustor 2 is utilized to heat the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger 3, and the heated hot hydrogen and the heated hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1;
a reformer 4: the first heat exchanger 3 is connected, and the methanol is decomposed by the reformer 4 to generate hydrogen which is introduced into the first heat exchanger 3;
the second heat exchanger 5: the first heat exchanger 3 and the reformer 4 are respectively connected, and the heat left after the hydrogen and the air are heated in the first heat exchanger 3 is utilized to provide heat for the decomposition reaction in the reformer 4;
fuel tank 6: are connected to the reformer 4 and the burner 2, respectively, and supply the decomposition product to the reformer 4 and supply the combustion raw material to the burner 2.
The heat distribution device 7 comprises a fan 71 and a third heat exchanger 72, the third heat exchanger 72 is respectively connected with the fan 71, the combustor 2, the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 5, and when the fan 71 does not work, the heat of the third heat exchanger 72 is transmitted to the first heat exchanger 3 to heat the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger 3; when the fan 71 is turned on, the air enters the third heat exchanger 72 and circulates towards the second heat exchanger 5, part of heat in the third heat exchanger 72 is taken away and transferred into the second heat exchanger 5, and the rest of heat in the third heat exchanger 72 is transferred into the first heat exchanger 3 to heat the hydrogen and the air.
The third heat exchanger 72 is provided with a hot air inlet, a hot air outlet and a cold air inlet, the hot air inlet on the third heat exchanger 72 is connected with the tail gas outlet of the burner 2, the hot air outlet on the third heat exchanger 72 is connected with the first heat exchanger 3, the hot air outlet on the third heat exchanger 72 is connected with the second heat exchanger 5, and the cold air inlet on the third heat exchanger 72 is connected with the outlet of the fan 71.
Be provided with low temperature hydrogen entry on the first heat exchanger 3, low temperature air inlet, high temperature hydrogen export, high temperature air outlet, and low temperature hydrogen entry on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the hydrogen export of reformer 4, low temperature air entry on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with air conduit, high temperature hydrogen export on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the positive pole of solid oxide fuel cell pile 1, high temperature air outlet on the first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the negative pole of solid oxide fuel cell pile 1, and the steam entry of first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the tail gas export of third heat exchanger 72, the steam export of first heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the steam import of second heat exchanger 5.
The second heat exchanger 5 is provided with a hot air inlet, a waste gas outlet, a hot medium outlet and a cold medium inlet, wherein the hot air inlet on the second heat exchanger 5 is connected with the hot air outlet of the third heat exchanger 72, the hot air inlet on the second heat exchanger 5 is connected with the hot gas outlet of the first heat exchanger 3, the waste gas outlet on the second heat exchanger 5 is discharged to the outside air, the hot medium outlet and the cold medium inlet on the second heat exchanger 5 are both connected with the reformer 4 and are used for supplying heat required by fuel decomposition in the reformer 4, and the cooled medium returns to the second heat exchanger 5 through the cold medium inlet on the second heat exchanger 5.
In this embodiment, the fuel tank 6 is connected to the burner 2 through the first electronic control valve 61, the fuel tank 6 is connected to the reformer 4 through the second electronic control valve 62, when the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 starts to work, the first electronic control valve 61 and the second electronic control valve 62 are both opened, and the fuel in the fuel tank 6 enters the burner 2 and the reformer 4 respectively; when the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 starts to operate, the first electronic control valve 61 is closed, the second electronic control valve 62 is opened, and the fuel in the fuel tank 6 enters the reformer 4.
In this embodiment, the blower 71 and the third heat exchanger 72 are connected by a check valve 73.
In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 3 is a plate heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger 5 is a plate heat exchanger, the medium in the second heat exchanger 5 is selected from oil, and the third heat exchanger 72 is a tubular heat exchanger.
In this embodiment, a filter 74 is provided at the inlet of the blower 71.
In the present embodiment, a variable flow pump 63 and a pressure sensor 64 are provided at the outlet of the fuel tank 6.
In the present embodiment, a flow meter 65 is provided between the fuel tank 6 and the first and second electronic control valves 61 and 62, and a buffer tank 41 is provided between the reformer 4 and the first heat exchanger 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the operating principle of the fuel cell power generation system of the present embodiment is as follows: before the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 does not work normally, the first electric control valve 61 and the second electric control valve 62 are both opened, fuel in the fuel tank 6 respectively enters the combustor 2 and the reformer 4, the fuel entering the combustor 2 is combusted in the combustor 2 to release heat, hot air generated by fuel combustion is transmitted to the first heat exchanger 3 through the third heat exchanger 72, at the moment, the fuel in the fuel tank 6 enters the reformer 4, hydrogen obtained by fuel decomposition by the reformer 4 is also transmitted into the first heat exchanger 3, after the hydrogen and air are heated by the first heat exchanger 3, hot air and hot hydrogen are transmitted into the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1, at the moment, the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 works normally, the second electric control valve 62 is opened, the first electric control valve 61 is closed, the fuel in the fuel tank 6 does not enter the combustor 2 any more, tail gas generated after electrochemical power generation of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 is transmitted into the combustor 2, and the combustor 2 obtains heat through tail gas combustion.
The heat firstly passes through the third heat exchanger 72 and then is introduced into the first heat exchanger 3, wherein the first heat exchanger 3 can utilize hot air flow generated by tail gas combustion of the combustor 2 to heat hydrogen and air entering the first heat exchanger 3, and the heated hot hydrogen and hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 1 to form circulation; when the heat introduced into the first heat exchanger 3 is enough to maintain the heat required for heating the hydrogen and the air, the fan 71 and the check valve 73 are opened, the air flows into the third heat exchanger 72, the air enters the third heat exchanger 72 and flows towards the second heat exchanger 5, part of the heat in the third heat exchanger 72 is taken away and is transmitted into the second heat exchanger 5, the residual heat in the third heat exchanger 72 is transmitted into the first heat exchanger 3 to heat the hydrogen and the air, therefore, the proportion distribution of the heat between the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 5 can be accurately adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the inlet air, the heat obtained by the second heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the reformer 4, the temperature required for decomposing methanol by the reformer 4 is provided, and the circulation is completed.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell power generation system characterized by comprising,
solid oxide fuel cell stack (1): carrying out electrochemical power generation by taking hot hydrogen and hot air as raw materials; burner (2): the solid oxide fuel cell stack is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell stack (1), and tail gas generated by the reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell stack (1) is combusted;
first heat exchanger (3): the solid oxide fuel cell stack (1) and the combustor (2) are respectively connected, the hot air generated by the combustion tail gas of the combustor (2) is used for heating the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger (3), and the heated hot hydrogen and the heated hot air are transmitted to the solid oxide fuel cell stack (1);
reformer (4): is connected with the first heat exchanger (3), and the methanol is decomposed by the reformer (4) to generate hydrogen which is introduced into the first heat exchanger (3);
second heat exchanger (5): are respectively connected with the first heat exchanger (3) and the reformer (4), and heat left after the hydrogen and the air are heated in the first heat exchanger (3) is utilized to provide heat for the decomposition reaction in the reformer (4).
2. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel tank (6) connected to the reformer (4) and the combustor (2), respectively, for supplying the combustion raw material to the combustor (2) simultaneously with supplying the decomposition product to the reformer (4).
3. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the fuel tank (6) is connected to the combustor (2) through a first electrically controlled valve (61), the fuel tank (6) is connected to the reformer (4) through a second electrically controlled valve (62), and when the first electrically controlled valve (61) and the second electrically controlled valve (62) are opened before the operation of the sofc stack (1), the fuel in the fuel tank (6) is introduced into the combustor (2) and the reformer (4), respectively; when the solid oxide fuel cell stack (1) starts to work, the first electric control valve (61) is closed, the second electric control valve (62) is opened, and the fuel in the fuel tank (6) enters the reformer (4).
4. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, wherein a variable flow pump (63) and a pressure sensor (64) are provided at an outlet of the fuel tank (6).
5. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a heat distribution device (7), wherein the heat distribution device (7) is connected to the burner (2), the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (5), respectively, for regulating the distribution of heat generated by the combustion of the off-gas by the burner (2) between the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (5).
6. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the heat distribution device (7) comprises a fan (71) and a third heat exchanger (72), the third heat exchanger (72) is respectively connected with the fan (71), the burner (2), the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (5), and when the fan (71) is not operated, the heat of the third heat exchanger (72) is transmitted to the first heat exchanger (3) for heating the hydrogen and the air entering the first heat exchanger (3); when the fan (71) is turned on, air enters the third heat exchanger (72) and circulates towards the direction of the second heat exchanger (5), partial heat in the third heat exchanger (72) is taken away and transmitted into the second heat exchanger (5), and residual heat in the third heat exchanger (72) is transmitted into the first heat exchanger (3) to heat hydrogen and air.
7. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the blower (71) and the third heat exchanger (72) are connected by a check valve (73).
8. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the first heat exchanger (3) is selected from one of: plate heat exchanger, tubular heat exchanger, floating head heat exchanger.
9. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the second heat exchanger (5) is a plate heat exchanger and the medium in the second heat exchanger (5) is selected from one of oil, glycol, a mixture of water and glycol.
10. A fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the third heat exchanger (72) is selected from one of: plate heat exchanger, tubular heat exchanger, floating head heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222225182.5U CN218241898U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Fuel cell power generation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222225182.5U CN218241898U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Fuel cell power generation system |
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| CN218241898U true CN218241898U (en) | 2023-01-06 |
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| CN202222225182.5U Active CN218241898U (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Fuel cell power generation system |
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- 2022-08-24 CN CN202222225182.5U patent/CN218241898U/en active Active
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