CN218229456U - Solar sail - Google Patents
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- CN218229456U CN218229456U CN202222364586.2U CN202222364586U CN218229456U CN 218229456 U CN218229456 U CN 218229456U CN 202222364586 U CN202222364586 U CN 202222364586U CN 218229456 U CN218229456 U CN 218229456U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a solar sail, wherein, this solar sail includes: an adjustable superlens array having a plurality of adjustable superlenses and a solar sail body; the adjustable super lens array is arranged on the surface of one side, close to the sun, of the solar sail body, and is used for modulating incident sunlight to emit the sunlight along different emergent directions under the condition of applying different voltages to generate acting force acting on the solar sail body; the solar sail body is used for supporting the adjustable super lens array. Through the solar sail provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the advancing direction of the solar sail can be changed without inclining the sail surface, and the whole structure of the solar sail is simple; the adjustable super lens is small in size, light in weight and easy to produce in mass, and the size, weight and cost of the whole solar sail can be effectively reduced; in addition, the gap that the sun sail body can follow between each adjustable super lens among the adjustable super lens array is folding to thereby it lays into the emission carrier to do benefit to whole folding packing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aerospace technical field particularly, relates to a solar sail.
Background
A solar sail spacecraft is an aerospace device which uses a solar sail to receive pressure generated by sunlight so as to advance, for example, a reflective solar sail; the reflective solar sail generally adopts a reflective metal coating on one side receiving sunlight to absorb incident photons, and reflects the sunlight irradiated on the side surface back to generate a reaction force on the solar sail so as to push the airship to move forward; however, the reflective solar sail needs to be inclined to change the advancing direction, and the whole structure is complex.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To solve the above problem, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a solar sail.
An embodiment of the utility model provides a solar sail, include: an adjustable superlens array having a plurality of adjustable superlenses and a solar sail body; the adjustable super lens array is arranged on the surface of one side, close to the sun, of the solar sail body, and is used for modulating incident sunlight to emit the sunlight along different emergent directions under the condition of applying different voltages to generate acting force acting on the solar sail body; the solar sail body is used for supporting the adjustable super lens array.
Optionally, the tunable superlens comprises: the phase change material comprises a substrate, a nano structure, a phase change material layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer; a plurality of the nanostructures are arranged on one side of the substrate, the first electrode layer is filled around the nanostructures, and the height of the first electrode layer is lower than that of the nanostructures; the phase change material layer is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate, of the first electrode layer and is filled around the nano structure, and the sum of the heights of the first electrode layer and the phase change material layer is larger than or equal to the height of the nano structure; the second electrode layer is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate, of the phase change material layer; the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are used for applying voltage to the phase-change material layer, and the phase-change material layer can change the emergent direction of sunlight which enters the adjustable super lens according to the applied voltage.
Optionally, the phase change material of the phase change material layer is germanium antimony tellurium.
Optionally, the material of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer is indium tin oxide.
Optionally, the tunable superlens includes a plurality of superstructure units arranged in an array, where the superstructure units are in a close-packageable pattern, and the nanostructures are disposed at the vertices and/or the central positions of the close-packageable pattern.
Optionally, the tunable superlens is a reflective tunable superlens; the phase distribution of the adjustable superlens meets the following conditions:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing a phase profile of the tunable superlens along an x-direction; theta.theta. i Representing an angle of incidence, θ, of said incident sunlight onto said adjustable superlens r A reflection angle indicating sunlight emitted in the emission direction; k represents a wave number, an
n 0 The refractive index of a space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens is represented, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
Optionally, the tunable superlens is a transmissive tunable superlens; the solar sail body is transparent in a working waveband; of said adjustable superlensThe phase distribution satisfies:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing a phase profile of the tunable superlens along an x-direction; theta.theta. i Representing the angle of incidence, θ, of said incident sunlight onto said adjustable superlens o A refraction angle representing the sunlight emitted in the emission direction; k represents a wave number, an
n 0 The refractive index of a space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens is represented, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
Optionally, the number of the tunable superlens arrays is at least two, and at least two tunable superlens arrays are stacked.
Optionally, the solar sail further comprises: the solar panel is arranged on one side, away from the adjustable super lens array, of the solar sail body; the solar cell panel is used for converting sunlight emitted by the adjustable super lens array into electric energy.
Optionally, the operating band of the tunable superlens includes: visible and/or infrared light bands.
In the above-mentioned scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the emergent angle of each adjustable superlens to the incident sunlight can be changed by applying different voltages, so that the stress direction of each position of the solar sail can be accurately controlled, and the advancing direction of the solar sail can be accurately controlled; the solar sail can change the advancing direction without inclining the sail surface, and the whole structure is simple; moreover, the adjustable superlens has small volume, light weight and easy mass production, and can effectively reduce the volume, weight and cost of the whole solar sail; in addition, the solar sail body can be folded along the gaps among all the adjustable super lenses in the adjustable super lens array, so that the whole body can be folded and packed to place the emission carrier.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmission-type solar sail provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reflective solar sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmission-type solar sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific structure of an adjustable superlens in a solar sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a super structure unit of the adjustable superlens in a regular hexagon in a solar sail provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating superstructure units arranged in a square in an adjustable superlens in a solar sail provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating superstructure units arranged in a fan shape in an adjustable superlens in a solar sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an adjustable superlens of a solar sail according to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable superlens being a reflective adjustable superlens;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable superlens array with a double-layer cascade arrangement in a solar sail provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a solar sail with a solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
the solar energy super-lens array comprises 1-a tunable super-lens array, 1 a-a first layer of tunable super-lens array, 1 b-a second layer of tunable super-lens array, 2-a solar sail body, 3-a solar panel, 10-a tunable super-lens, 100-a super-structure unit, 101-a substrate, 102-a nanostructure, 103-a phase change material layer, 104-a first electrode layer and 105-a second electrode layer.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a solar sail, as shown in fig. 1, the solar sail includes: an adjustable superlens array 1 having a plurality of adjustable superlenses 10 and a solar sail body 2; the adjustable super lens array 1 is arranged on the surface of one side, close to the sun, of the solar sail body 2, and the adjustable super lens 10 is used for modulating incident sunlight to emit the sunlight along different emergent directions under the condition of applying different voltages to generate acting force acting on the solar sail body 2; the solar sail body 2 is used to support the adjustable superlens array 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the sun may be located on the upper side of the solar sail (not shown in fig. 1), i.e. the incident side of the solar sail is the upper side thereof; the solar sail body 2 is attached to the adjustable superlens array 1, and the adjustable superlens array 1 is closer to the sun, for example, in fig. 1, the adjustable superlens array 1 is disposed on the upper side surface of the solar sail body 2, and sunlight emitted by the sun can directly irradiate on the adjustable superlens array 1. The adjustable superlens array 1 includes a plurality of adjustable superlenses 10, which can modulate the sunlight entering the adjustable superlenses 10, so that the sunlight finally emitted by the adjustable superlenses 10 can be emitted along a certain emitting direction; the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, exert different voltages to adjustable super lens 10, can change its modulation effect to the sunlight of incident for the sunlight of emiting can change the outgoing direction, exerts the voltage size on this adjustable super lens 10 through the regulation and control promptly, thereby controls the outgoing direction of sunlight.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, sunlight can produce certain effort (like light pressure or radiation pressure) to the sun sail body 2 of laminating setting mutually with it when penetrating along certain outgoing direction, thereby the direction of this effort can change along with the outgoing direction of the sunlight of outgoing changes and changesChanging; as shown in fig. 2 (fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflective solar sail, and fig. 2 does not directly show the adjustable superlens 10 and the solar sail body 2, and fig. 2 simply shows the solar sail by using the structure of the adjustable superlens array 1), in the case that the solar sail is a reflective solar sail, sunlight c incident into the adjustable superlens 10 (the adjustable superlens array 1) will be reflected, the emitting direction of the reflected sunlight c 'will be changed under the action of different voltages, and the sunlight c' with changed emitting direction will generate a certain acting force on the solar sail (such as the solar sail body 2)
Wherein the acting force
The reaction force generated by the change of the sunlight direction can be used as the reaction force along which the solar sail can move
Is moved. It should be noted that although the force caused by the emergent sunlight is small, in the space where no air resistance exists, the force can provide 10e for the solar sail -5 ～10e -3 g, the acceleration of the solar sail enables the solar sail to move in space (e.g., go ahead).
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3 (fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission-type solar sail, and fig. 3 does not directly show the adjustable superlens 10 and the solar sail body 2, and fig. 3 simply shows the solar sail with the structure of the adjustable superlens array 1, in the case of the transmission-type solar sail, the sunlight c incident into the adjustable superlens 10 is transmitted, and the sunlight c' transmitted in a certain outgoing direction also generates a certain acting force on the solar sail (such as the solar sail body 2)
So that the solar sail can follow the acting force
Is moved. In the embodiment of the present invention, no matter the reflective solar sail (as shown in fig. 2) or the transmissive solar sail (as shown in fig. 3), the emitting direction of the sunlight can be changed by adjusting the voltage applied to the adjustable superlens 10, and then the direction of the acting force applied to the solar sail (as the solar sail body 2) is changed, so that the solar sail can move along the direction of the acting force.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a solar sail can change the emergent angle of every adjustable super lens 10 to the sunlight of penetrating through applying different voltages to can change the atress direction at every position of solar sail, in order to realize changing the direction of advance of solar sail; the solar sail can change the advancing direction without inclining the sail surface, and the whole structure is simple; moreover, the adjustable superlens 10 is small in size, light in weight and easy to produce in mass, and the size, weight and cost of the whole solar sail can be effectively reduced; in addition, the solar sail body 2 can be folded along the gap between the adjustable superlenses 10 in the adjustable superlens array 1, so as to facilitate the integral folding and packaging for placing into a launch vehicle (such as a spacecraft).
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, the tunable superlens 10 includes: a substrate 101, a nanostructure 102, a phase change material layer 103, a first electrode layer 104, and a second electrode layer 105; a plurality of nanostructures 102 are arranged on one side of the substrate 101, a first electrode layer 104 is filled around the nanostructures 102, and the height of the first electrode layer 104 is lower than that of the nanostructures 102; the phase change material layer 103 is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 104 away from the substrate 101, and is filled around the nano structure 102, and a sum of heights of the first electrode layer 104 and the phase change material layer 103 is greater than or equal to a height of the nano structure 102; the second electrode layer 105 is disposed on a side of the phase change material layer 103 away from the substrate 101; the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 are used for applying a voltage to the phase change material layer 103, and the phase change material layer 103 can change the emitting direction of sunlight entering the tunable superlens 10 according to the applied voltage.
Wherein, the substrate 101 of the tunable superlens 10 may be made of quartz glass, crown glass, flint glass, etc., one side of the substrate 101 of the tunable superlens 10 (the upper side of the substrate 101 is shown in fig. 4) is provided with a plurality of nanostructures 102, the heights of the nanostructures 102 may be uniform, and the nanostructures 102 may be all-dielectric structural units, and have high transmittance in the operating band, and the selectable materials include: titanium oxide, silicon nitride, fused silica, aluminum oxide, gallium nitride, gallium phosphide, amorphous silicon, crystalline silicon, hydrogenated amorphous silicon, and the like.
Optionally, the operating band of the solar sail includes: the tunable superlens 10 is capable of modulating light in the visible and/or infrared wavelength bands, in other words, light in the visible and/or infrared wavelength bands, with a high transmittance for light in the visible and/or infrared wavelength bands, for example, sunlight.
As shown in fig. 4, a first electrode layer 104 is filled around the plurality of nanostructures 102 (e.g., the gap between two nanostructures) of the tunable superlens 10, and the height of the first electrode layer 104 is lower than the height of each of the nanostructures 102, for example, the height of the first electrode layer 104 may be one-half of the height of the nanostructures 102. On the side of the first electrode layer 104 away from the substrate 101 (the upper side of the first electrode layer 104 shown in fig. 4), the phase change material layer 103 is filled, and the phase change material layer 103 is also filled around the plurality of nanostructures 102 as well as the first electrode layer 104, and the sum of the heights obtained by adding the height of the phase change material layer 103 to the height of the first electrode layer 104 may be greater than the height of the nanostructures 102, or the sum of the heights may also be equal to the height of the nanostructures 102; as shown in fig. 4, the upper surface of the phase change material layer 103 is not lower than the upper surface of the nano structure 102, so as to prevent the nano structure 102 from contacting the second electrode 105. A second electrode layer 105 is disposed on a side of the phase change material layer 103 away from the substrate 101 (as shown in fig. 4, the second electrode layer 105 and the first electrode layer 104 are respectively located on two sides of the phase change material layer 103 for applying a voltage to the phase change material layer 103, wherein after the phase change material layer 103 receives the voltages applied by the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105, a phase change state of the phase change material layer 103 changes, so that an outgoing direction of sunlight incident into the tunable superlens 10 changes when the sunlight is emitted, a direction of an acting force generated by the emitted sunlight can be changed, and an advancing direction of the solar sail body 2 is adjusted without tilting the sail surface.
It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention may apply a voltage to the entire adjustable superlens array 1 to change the emitting direction of the sunlight emitted from the adjustable superlens array 1; alternatively, at least a portion of, or even each of, the adjustable superlenses 10 may be independently adjustable, such that the solar sail has increased freedom of adjustment.
Optionally, the phase change material of the phase change material layer 103 is germanium antimony tellurium.
For example, germanium antimony tellurium (GST, geSbTe) may be Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (ii) a GST has the characteristics such as realize that phase transition energy requires lowly, phase transition is reversible, and GST can realize crystalline state looks and the alternate reversible phase transition of amorphous state under the voltage of difference, the embodiment of the utility model provides a can utilize the difference of GST crystalline state and amorphous state refracting index to adjust the emergent direction of the sunlight of adjustable super lens 10 outgoing.
Optionally, the material of the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 is indium tin oxide.
The material used for the first electrode layer 104 and the second electrode layer 105 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), which is an N-type oxide semiconductor material, and is transparent in an operating band, and has good conductivity, and is relatively suitable for being made into electrode layers to be filled or disposed on two sides of the phase change material layer 103 in an embodiment of the present invention, so as to apply a voltage to the phase change material layer 103; wherein the first electrode layer 104 may be a positive electrode layer, and the second electrode layer 105 may be a negative electrode layer; alternatively, the first electrode layer 104 may be a negative electrode layer, and the second electrode layer 105 may be a positive electrode layer, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the tunable superlens 10 includes a plurality of superstructure units 100 arranged in an array, where the superstructure units 100 are close-packable patterns, and a nanostructure 102 is disposed at a vertex and/or a center of the close-packable patterns.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, but close-packed figure represents the figure that can form close-packed effect. As shown in fig. 5, the superstructure units 100 may be arranged in an array of regular hexagons; as shown in fig. 6, the superstructure units 100 may be arranged in a square array; as shown in fig. 7, the superstructure units 100 may be arranged in a fan-shaped array. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the superstructure units 100 included in the tunable superlens 10 may also include other forms of array arrangements, and all such variations are within the scope of the present application.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 8, the tunable superlens 10 is a reflective tunable superlens; the phase distribution of the tunable superlens 10 satisfies:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the phase distribution of the tunable superlens 10 along the x-direction; theta i Representing the angle of incidence, θ, of incident sunlight onto the tunable superlens 10 r A reflection angle indicating a reflection angle of sunlight emitted in an emission direction; k represents a wave number, and
n 0 the refractive index of the space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens 10 is shown, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
The adjustable superlens 10 can be made into a reflective adjustable superlens by disposing a reflective layer (e.g. a metal reflective layer) in the adjustable superlens 10, that is, the adjustable superlens 10 reflects incident sunlight, and the reflection direction of the sunlight reflected by the adjustable superlens 10 can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the adjustable superlens 10 (as shown in fig. 8).
The utility model is implementedIn the example, the x-direction represents a direction in the plane of the adjustable superlens 10 (the x-direction is represented in a horizontal right direction as in FIG. 8); based on the incident angle theta of the incident light (e.g., incident sunlight) at the surface x position of the adjustable superlens 10 i Angle of reflection theta with the sunlight emitted after modulation by the adjustable superlens 10 r The generalized fresnel law is satisfied, and then the phase distribution satisfied by the adjustable superlens 10 (reflective adjustable superlens) can be obtained:
wherein the wave number k is determined by the refractive index n of the space medium corresponding to the tunable superlens 10 o Determined by the wavelength λ of the incident sunlight, n in the embodiment of the present invention 0 Representing the refractive index of a space medium corresponding to the space environment; constant phase
And can be any number, such as 0, 0.5 pi, 1.5 pi, etc. By calculating the formula satisfied by the phase distribution, it can be found that the angle of incidence θ will be i Modulation of incident solar light to be at a reflection angle theta r The phase profile that the exiting tunable superlens 10 (reflective tunable superlens) needs to have, and can be achieved by applying a corresponding voltage.
Optionally, the tunable superlens 10 is a transmissive tunable superlens; the solar sail body 2 is transparent in working wave band; the phase distribution of the tunable superlens 10 satisfies:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing the phase distribution of the tunable superlens 10 along the x-direction; theta.theta. i Representing the angle of incidence, θ, of incident sunlight onto the tunable superlens 10 o Indicating light emerging in the direction of emergenceAngle of refraction of sunlight; k represents a wave number, and
n 0 the refractive index of the space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens 10 is shown, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
As shown in fig. 1, the adjustable superlens 10 in fig. 1 is a transmissive adjustable superlens, and the solar sail body 2 has high transmittance for light in the operating band, so that the solar sail (including the transmissive adjustable superlens and the solar sail body 2) is a transmissive solar sail, that is, the solar sail transmits incident sunlight, and the refraction direction (e.g., the refraction angle of emergent sunlight) of the sunlight transmitted by the adjustable superlens 10 (or the solar sail) can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the adjustable superlens 10. The phase distribution formula that this transmission type adjustable super lens and above-mentioned reflection type adjustable super lens satisfy is similar, and both derive based on general fresnel law and obtain, difference wherein: the transmission type adjustable super lens needs to be based on the incident angle of the incident light (such as the incident sunlight) at the position x on the surface of the transmission type adjustable super lens and the refraction angle theta of the sunlight emitted after being modulated by the adjustable super lens 10 (the transmission type adjustable super lens) o Deducing, based on the deduced phase distribution formula
Is obtained to be able to change the angle of incidence theta i Modulation of incident solar light to an angle of refraction θ r An emergent tunable superlens 10 (transmissive tunable superlens).
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the adjustable super lens 10 is a transmissive adjustable super lens, a metal reflective layer for reflection is not required to be disposed, so that the temperature of the solar sail will not gradually increase due to the absorption of photons by the metal reflective layer, which finally affects the service life of the solar sail; the embodiment of the utility model provides a solar sail does not produce the heating effect because of the adjustable super lens array 1 who adopts has the characteristics of no thermalization for this solar sail can have longer and stable life.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 9, the number of the tunable superlens arrays 1 is at least two, and at least two tunable superlens arrays 1 are stacked.
In the embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that the adjustable superlens 10 is a transmissive adjustable superlens, that is, under the condition that the entire adjustable superlens array 1 is a transmissive adjustable superlens array, at least two adjustable superlens arrays 1 may be sequentially stacked on one side of the solar sail body 2 (not shown in fig. 9) close to the sun, so that the sunlight sequentially passes through the at least two adjustable superlens arrays 1 and finally is transmitted out, and the solar sail can achieve the purpose of controlling the emitting direction of the sunlight layer by layer and more finely by respectively regulating and controlling the applied voltage corresponding to each adjustable superlens array 1, so that the solar sail can be reoriented; and because radiation pressure is produced through the direction of propagation that changes the sunlight, consequently, the embodiment of the utility model provides a can change the emergent direction of sunlight in order to produce the effort of wanting the direction through cascaded two at least adjustable super lens array 1, the secondary, can produce more radiation pressure.
As shown in fig. 9, two tunable superlens arrays 1, such as tunable superlens array 1a and tunable superlens array 1b, may be cascaded, and may be coaxially arranged; the arrangement of the double-layer cascade enables sunlight transmitted through the adjustable superlens array 1a (e.g., the adjustable superlens array closer to the sun, such as the adjustable superlens array at the uppermost layer shown in fig. 9) at the first layer to continue to irradiate towards the adjustable superlens array 1b at the second layer (e.g., the adjustable superlens array far from the sun, such as the adjustable superlens array at the second layer from top to bottom in fig. 9); regulating and controlling the emergent direction of the sunlight transmitted by the adjustable super lens array 1a based on the voltages respectively applied to the adjustable super lens array 1a of the first layer and the adjustable super lens array 1b of the second layer, so that the incident angle of the sunlight incident to the adjustable super lens array 1b is changed; then, based on the incident angle corresponding to the sunlight incident to the adjustable superlens array 1b, the applied voltage on the surface of the adjustable superlens array 1b is changed, and finally the adjustable superlens array 1b can transmit the sunlight (such as sunlight with the emergent angle corresponding to the required advancing direction) meeting the requirement.
Optionally, referring to fig. 10, the solar sail may further include: the solar panel 3 is arranged on one side of the solar sail body 2, which is far away from the adjustable super lens array 1; the solar cell panel 3 is used for converting sunlight emitted by the adjustable super lens array 1 into electric energy.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, under the whole adjustable super lens array's of transmission-type condition that is super lens array 1, can also keep away from solar one side at this solar sail body 2 with 3 range upon range of settings of solar cell panel, as shown in fig. 10, this solar sail has from top to bottom set gradually: adjustable super lens array 1, solar sail body 2 and solar cell panel 3. Because the sunlight absorbed by the transmission type adjustable super lens (the adjustable super lens 10) is very little, when the solar sail is used, the photons of the sunlight which is finally transmitted out through the adjustable super lens 10 and the solar sail body 2 in sequence can also be reused, although a large part of the photon momentum of the finally emergent sunlight is transferred to an acting force (such as light pressure or radiation pressure), the rest photons can be irradiated in the solar cell panel 3 and converted into electric energy through the solar cell panel 3; further, other devices installed in the solar sail, such as detectors that can be used to capture various research data in space, can also use the electricity generated in the solar panels 3 to provide power.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the technical solutions of the changes or replacements within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solar sail, comprising: an adjustable superlens array (1) having a plurality of adjustable superlenses (10) and a solar sail body (2);
the adjustable super lens array (1) is arranged on the surface of one side, close to the sun, of the solar sail body (2), and the adjustable super lens (10) is used for modulating incident sunlight to emit the sunlight along different emitting directions under the condition of applying different voltages to generate acting force acting on the solar sail body (2);
the solar sail body (2) is used for supporting the adjustable super lens array (1).
2. The solar sail, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the adjustable superlens (10) comprises: a substrate (101), a nanostructure (102), a phase change material layer (103), a first electrode layer (104) and a second electrode layer (105);
one side of the substrate (101) is provided with a plurality of the nanostructures (102), the first electrode layer (104) is filled around the nanostructures (102), and the height of the first electrode layer (104) is lower than that of the nanostructures (102); the phase change material layer (103) is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate (101), of the first electrode layer (104) and is filled around the nano structure (102), and the sum of the heights of the first electrode layer (104) and the phase change material layer (103) is greater than or equal to the height of the nano structure (102); the second electrode layer (105) is arranged on one side, away from the substrate (101), of the phase change material layer (103);
the first electrode layer (104) and the second electrode layer (105) are used for applying voltage to the phase change material layer (103), and the phase change material layer (103) can change the emergent direction of sunlight which enters the adjustable super lens (10) according to the applied voltage.
3. The solar sail, as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the phase change material of the phase change material layer (103) is germanium antimony tellurium.
4. The solar sail according to claim 2, wherein the material of the first electrode layer (104) and the second electrode layer (105) is indium tin oxide.
5. The solar sail according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustable superlens (10) comprises a plurality of superstructure units (100) arranged in an array, the superstructure units (100) being close-packable patterns, the nanostructures (102) being arranged at the vertices and/or central positions of the close-packable patterns.
6. A solar sail, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that said adjustable superlens (10) is a reflective adjustable superlens;
the phase distribution of the adjustable superlens (10) satisfies:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing a phase distribution of the tunable superlens (10) along an x-direction; theta.theta. i Represents the angle of incidence, theta, of the incident sunlight on the adjustable superlens (10) r A reflection angle indicating sunlight emitted in the emission direction; k represents a wave number, an
n 0 The refractive index of a space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens (10) is represented, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
7. A solar sail, according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said adjustable superlens (10) is a transmissive adjustable superlens; the solar sail body (2) is transparent in working wave band;
the phase distribution of the adjustable superlens (10) satisfies:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing a phase distribution of the tunable superlens (10) along an x-direction; theta.theta. i Represents the angle of incidence, theta, of the incident sunlight on the adjustable superlens (10) o A refraction angle representing the sunlight emitted in the emission direction; k represents a wave number, and
n 0 the refractive index of a space medium corresponding to the adjustable super lens (10) is represented, and lambda represents the wavelength;
indicating a constant phase.
8. The solar sail according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of said adjustable superlens arrays (1) is at least two, and at least two of said adjustable superlens arrays (1) are arranged one above the other.
9. The solar sail of claim 7, further comprising: the solar panel (3) is arranged on one side, away from the adjustable super lens array (1), of the solar sail body (2); the solar cell panel (3) is used for converting sunlight emitted by the adjustable superlens array (1) into electric energy.
10. The solar sail, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the operating band of the adjustable superlens (10) comprises: visible and/or infrared light bands.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116540406A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-08-04 | 天府兴隆湖实验室 | Method for constructing light sail and light sail |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116540406A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-08-04 | 天府兴隆湖实验室 | Method for constructing light sail and light sail |
| CN116540406B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-12 | 天府兴隆湖实验室 | Method for constructing light sail and light sail |
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