CN218197941U

CN218197941U - Control and power supply device for fuel cell forklift and forklift

Info

Publication number: CN218197941U
Application number: CN202222987916.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何建春; 李飞强; 赵兴旺
Original assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-09
Filing date: 2022-11-09
Publication date: 2023-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-09

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell fork truck's control and power supply unit and fork truck. Wherein, fuel cell fork truck's control and power supply unit includes: the forklift comprises a forklift controller, a power supply device, a high-voltage power distribution device and a forklift action mechanism; the power supply device comprises a lithium battery power supply device and a fuel battery power supply device; the power supply device is electrically connected with the high-voltage power distribution device, the high-voltage power distribution device provides electric power for the forklift truck actuating mechanism and the forklift truck controller, and the power supply device, the high-voltage power distribution device and the forklift truck actuating mechanism are all in communication connection with the forklift truck controller. Through setting up the power supply of high voltage distribution device, reduced the switching between the high-voltage line to reach the purpose that reduces the electrical loss, improve fuel cell system net output efficiency.

Description

Control and power supply device for fuel cell forklift and forklift

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the new forms of energy, especially, relate to a fuel cell fork truck's control and power supply unit and fork truck.

Background

At present, the technical route of a control and power supply device of a fuel cell forklift is in a modular design, and a fuel cell system and a lithium battery pack system are used as a module and assembled on the forklift.

The prior art has the following characteristics:

1) The fuel cell engine is used as a main energy source, and the lithium battery system is used as an auxiliary energy source to supply power to the forklift;

2) The electrical control and energy distribution of the whole vehicle are carried out by taking a VCU as a core, and an FCU is only used as an execution component for controlling the fuel cell system.

The fuel cell forklift adopts a modular design, and the forklift control strategy and the fuel cell system control strategy are relatively independent, so that electric energy cannot be efficiently matched, the high-voltage circuit independent design leads to higher power consumption and higher cost, the comprehensive energy efficiency of the forklift is lower, and the whole forklift is shorter in endurance under the same hydrogen storage capacity condition.

That is, the high-voltage part of the existing fuel cell forklift needs to be switched between high-voltage lines, so that the problems of high electric loss and low output efficiency of a fuel cell system exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a fuel cell fork truck's control and power supply unit and fork truck, the electric loss that exists among the at least partial solution prior art is high and fuel cell system output efficiency low problem.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a control and power supply device for a fuel cell forklift, including: the forklift comprises a forklift controller, a power supply device, a high-voltage power distribution device and a forklift action mechanism; the power supply device comprises a lithium battery power supply device and a fuel battery power supply device;

the power supply device is electrically connected with the high-voltage power distribution device, the high-voltage power distribution device provides electric power for the forklift action mechanism and the forklift controller, and the power supply device, the high-voltage power distribution device and the forklift action mechanism are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

Optionally, the fuel cell power supply device includes a DCDC voltage converter, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell controller, a fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, a fuel cell air subsystem, and a fuel cell thermal management subsystem;

the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, the fuel cell air subsystem and the fuel cell thermal management subsystem are all connected with the fuel cell stack, the output end of the fuel cell stack is electrically connected with the input end of the DCDC voltage converter, the output end of the DCDC voltage converter is electrically connected with the high-voltage power distribution device,

the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, the fuel cell air subsystem, the fuel cell thermal management subsystem, the DCDC voltage converter, the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell controller are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

Optionally, the fuel cell power supply device further includes a hydrogen supply system and a cooling fan, the hydrogen supply system is connected to the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, the cooling fan is connected to the fuel cell thermal management subsystem, and the hydrogen supply system is in communication connection with the forklift controller.

Optionally, the lithium battery power supply device includes: the system comprises a lithium battery pack and a lithium battery power supply management system;

the output end of the lithium battery pack is electrically connected with the input end of the lithium battery power management system, the output end of the lithium battery power management system is electrically connected with the input end of the high-voltage power distribution device, and the lithium battery pack is in communication connection with the forklift controller.

Optionally, the emergency stop system further comprises a lithium battery pack emergency stop button, a fuel cell switch and a whole car key switch, wherein the lithium battery pack emergency stop button, the fuel cell switch and the whole car key switch are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

Optionally, the forklift action mechanism comprises a walking device, a steering device, a lifting device and a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system,

the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is in communication connection with the forklift controller;

the walking device comprises a walking motor controller, a motor, a walking hydraulic pump and walking wheels, wherein the walking motor controller is connected with the motor and the walking hydraulic pump;

optionally, the steering device includes a steering motor controller and a motor, a steering hydraulic pump and a steering mechanism, the steering motor controller is connected to the motor and the steering hydraulic pump, the steering hydraulic pump is connected to a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system, the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is connected to the steering mechanism, and the steering motor controller is in communication connection with the motor and the forklift controller;

optionally, the lifting device comprises a lifting motor controller and a motor, a lifting hydraulic pump and a lifting mechanism, the lifting motor controller is connected with the motor and the lifting hydraulic pump, the lifting hydraulic pump is connected with a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system, the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the lifting motor controller is in communication connection with the motor and the forklift controller.

Optionally, the forklift action mechanism further comprises a gear control pedal, a direction control mechanism, a steering control mechanism and a lifting control mechanism, and the gear control pedal, the direction control mechanism, the steering control mechanism and the lifting control mechanism are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a forklift including the control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift of any one of the first aspects.

The utility model provides a fuel cell fork truck's control and power supply unit and fork truck. The control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift reduces switching between high-voltage wires by setting the high-voltage power distribution device for power supply, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing electric loss and improving the net output efficiency of the fuel cell system. The reduction of the switching between the high-voltage wires not only reduces the cost of the wire harness and the plug-in unit by about 10 percent, but also improves the reliability of the high-voltage loop.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a control electrical connection block diagram of a control and power supply device of a fuel cell forklift provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply circuit of the control and power supply device for the fuel cell forklift provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure are described below by way of specific examples, and that other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

It should be further noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present disclosure, and the drawings only show the components related to the present disclosure rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.

In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects may be practiced without these specific details.

BMS: a lithium battery power supply management system;

an FCU; a fuel cell controller;

a VCU; and (5) a vehicle control unit.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment discloses a control and power supply device for a fuel cell forklift, including: the forklift comprises a forklift controller, a power supply device, a high-voltage power distribution device and a forklift action mechanism; the power supply device comprises a lithium battery power supply device and a fuel battery power supply device;

Optionally, the fuel cell power supply device further includes a hydrogen supply system and a heat dissipation fan, the hydrogen supply system is connected to the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, the heat dissipation fan is connected to the fuel cell thermal management subsystem, and the hydrogen supply system is in communication connection with the forklift controller.

According to the control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift disclosed by the embodiment, all control and signal acquisition of the forklift are realized through the VCU, when the power consumption of the driving or lifting motor of the forklift is increased, the VCU analyzes energy demand information at the first time and converts the energy demand information into control demands to each subsystem of the fuel cell, and each subsystem is mutually matched to quickly react to generate power to be supplied to the motor and other loads.

In this embodiment, the control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift mainly includes a forklift controller (VCU), a lithium battery pack emergency stop button, a fuel cell switch, a key switch of the whole forklift, a hydrogen supply system, a lithium battery pack, a fuel cell stack, a DCDC voltage converter, a fuel cell controller (FCU), a fuel cell air subsystem, a fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, a fuel cell thermal management subsystem, a gear speed control pedal, a direction control mechanism, a steering control mechanism, a lifting control mechanism, a traveling motor controller and motor, a traveling hydraulic pump, a steering motor controller and motor, a steering hydraulic pump, a lifting motor controller and motor, a lifting hydraulic pump, and a comprehensive control hydraulic solenoid valve system.

The control working logic is as follows: the key switch of the whole vehicle is closed, the VCU receives an instruction, the VCU controls the work of the lithium battery pack through CAN communication, the high voltage of a high-voltage loop of the system is high, after the fuel battery switch is closed, the VCU receives the instruction, the VCU controls the work of the hydrogen supply system and the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel battery through CAN communication, the VCU controls the fuel battery pile and the DCDC voltage converter to be in a standby state through CAN communication, sensors of each subsystem feed back temperature and pressure signals to the VCU, and the VCU monitors the whole fuel battery system; when any one of the control mechanisms of the gear control pedal, the direction control mechanism, the steering control mechanism and the lifting control mechanism acts, the VCU receives a control instruction, the VCU controls the corresponding driving motor to work through CAN communication, the motor works to drive the hydraulic pump of the corresponding branch to work to provide pressure for the hydraulic pipeline of the corresponding branch, meanwhile, the VCU drives the hydraulic electromagnetic valve of the corresponding branch to work through the received control instruction, the hydraulic electromagnetic valve is conducted, and the hydraulic oil pressure drives the hydraulic mechanism to work to achieve the purposes of walking and lifting cargos; when an emergency occurs, the emergency stop button of the lithium battery pack is pressed, the high-voltage power of the lithium battery pack is cut off, the fuel cell system stops working, the forklift is in a non-energy state, all driving mechanisms are kept in the power-off state until the fault is relieved, the emergency stop button is loosened, the fuel cell switch is electrified again, the electrical control system of the forklift is restarted, and the system recovers normal working.

The VCUs in this implementation are all implemented using existing software, that is, the implementation can implement the technical solution of this embodiment based on the disclosed structure and the existing software.

The power supply is specifically as follows: the forklift is provided with a high-voltage power distribution device, energy mainly has two sources, and one is that a lithium battery pack supplies power to the high-voltage power distribution device through a BMS; the other path is power supplied by a fuel cell system, the energy source of the fuel cell stack is mainly hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen supply system, an air system supplies oxygen, the hydrogen and the oxygen carry out electrochemical reaction in the stack to generate electric energy and heat energy, the heat energy is discharged by a cooling fan for a heat management system, and the electric energy is transformed by a DCDC voltage converter and then supplies power to a high-voltage power distribution device; the high-voltage distribution device transmits electric energy to the execution branch motor controllers and the motors, and the motors drive the hydraulic pumps to provide power energy for the travelling wheels and the steering and lifting mechanisms.

The control part of the device of the embodiment mainly takes a VCU as a core, so that the control time delay problem among controllers is reduced, and the execution time is about 0.5 second after one communication period and data judgment among the controllers are carried out, so that the power generation response time of the fuel cell stack is faster, and the control time delay problem is effectively solved; in the prior art, because the forklift integration level is high, and a high-voltage loop is complex, the problem of CAN network interference is easily caused, the problem of communication interference faults between controllers is solved, and the electrical reliability of the fuel cell forklift is improved; and the complexity of the wire harness is reduced by adopting one controller, the space utilization rate is improved, and the cost of the controller and the wire harness is reduced.

In this embodiment, all electrical appliances such as controllers and sensors are connected to the VCU, and the forklift motor system and the fuel cell subsystem are controlled by the VCU.

The embodiment also discloses a forklift, which comprises the control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift disclosed by the embodiment.

The foregoing describes the general principles of the present disclosure in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present disclosure are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific details so described.

In the present disclosure, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions, and the block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, systems, and apparatuses herein referred to are used merely as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connections, arrangements, configurations, etc. must be made in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are open-ended words that mean "including, but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".

In addition, as used herein, "or" as used in a list of items beginning with "at least one" indicates a separate list, such that, for example, a list of "A, B or at least one of C" means a or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., a and B and C). Furthermore, the phrase "exemplary" does not mean that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.

It is also noted that in the systems and methods of the present disclosure, components or steps may be decomposed and/or re-combined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be considered equivalents of the present disclosure.

Various changes, substitutions and alterations to the techniques described herein may be made without departing from the techniques of the teachings as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the claims of the present disclosure is not limited to the particular aspects of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and acts described above. Processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or acts, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding aspects described herein may be utilized. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or acts.

The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit embodiments of the disclosure to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A control and power supply device for a fuel cell forklift, comprising: the forklift comprises a forklift controller, a power supply device, a high-voltage power distribution device and a forklift action mechanism; the power supply device comprises a lithium battery power supply device and a fuel battery power supply device;

2. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell power supply device comprises a DCDC voltage converter, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell controller, a fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, a fuel cell air subsystem and a fuel cell thermal management subsystem;

3. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the fuel cell power supply device further comprises a hydrogen supply system and a heat dissipation fan, the hydrogen supply system is connected with the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, the heat dissipation fan is connected with the fuel cell thermal management subsystem, and the hydrogen supply system is in communication connection with the forklift controller.

4. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery power supply device includes: the system comprises a lithium battery pack and a lithium battery power supply management system;

5. The control and power supply device of the fuel cell forklift as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a lithium battery pack emergency stop button, a fuel cell switch and a vehicle key switch, wherein the lithium battery pack emergency stop button, the fuel cell switch and the vehicle key switch are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

6. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the forklift movement mechanism includes a traveling device, a steering device, a lifting device, and a comprehensive control hydraulic cell valve system,

the walking device comprises a walking motor controller, a motor, a walking hydraulic pump and walking wheels, wherein the walking motor controller is connected with the motor and the walking hydraulic pump, the walking hydraulic pump is connected with a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system, the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is connected with the walking wheels, and the walking motor controller is in communication connection with the motor and the forklift controller.

7. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 6, wherein the steering device comprises a steering motor controller and motor, a steering hydraulic pump and a steering mechanism, the steering motor controller is connected with the motor and the steering hydraulic pump, the steering hydraulic pump is connected with a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system, the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is connected with the steering mechanism, and the steering motor controller is connected with the motor and the forklift controller in communication.

8. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 6, wherein the lifting device comprises a lifting motor controller and motor, a lifting hydraulic pump and a lifting mechanism, the lifting motor controller and motor are connected with the lifting hydraulic pump, the lifting hydraulic pump and a comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system are connected, the comprehensive control hydraulic battery valve system is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the lifting motor controller is connected with the motor and the forklift controller in communication.

9. The fuel cell forklift control and power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the forklift action mechanism further comprises a gear control pedal, a direction control mechanism, a steering control mechanism and a lifting control mechanism, and the gear control pedal, the direction control mechanism, the steering control mechanism and the lifting control mechanism are all in communication connection with the forklift controller.

10. A forklift comprising the control and power supply device for a fuel cell forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 9.