CN218169496U - Upper centering fixture for broaching internal spline single tooth - Google Patents
Upper centering fixture for broaching internal spline single tooth Download PDFInfo
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- CN218169496U CN218169496U CN202222094009.6U CN202222094009U CN218169496U CN 218169496 U CN218169496 U CN 218169496U CN 202222094009 U CN202222094009 U CN 202222094009U CN 218169496 U CN218169496 U CN 218169496U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an upper centering fixture for internal spline single tooth broaching, which comprises an upper centering body and a circumferential rolling friction structure, wherein the circumferential rolling friction structure comprises an external cylindrical raceway groove and a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units; the excircle of the upper centering body, which is positioned in the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece, is divided into an upper big excircle and a lower small excircle, an excircle raceway groove is arranged in the middle of the height of the lower small excircle along the circumferential direction, a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the excircle raceway groove, and the circumferential rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece. The utility model discloses go up centering fixture and replace sliding friction through rolling friction, make and need not lift by crane centering device when the monodentate broaching, reduced process time, improved work efficiency. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses it is convenient to adjust the alignment, can keep and control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position to realize accurate, convenient reliable centering to heavy machinery big specification internal spline broaching.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the machine-building field especially relates to last centering fixture that uses during internal spline monodentate broaching.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the internal spline in heavy machinery has large specification, various varieties and small batch, the length of the tooth is large (the tooth length sometimes reaches 1000 mm), the large-specification internal spline can not be processed by a gear shaping machine and a broaching machine with general specifications, and the broaching machine with a single-row single-tooth broach needs to be selected for processing: namely, every time one tooth groove is machined, the workpiece intermittently and uniformly rotates for 1/Z rotation until the Z tooth grooves are respectively broached, and the process for machining the single-piece small-batch large-specification internal spline is appropriate technically and economically.
Sliding friction exists between the original upper centering clamp and the workpiece, and the friction force between the matching surface of the upper centering clamp and the workpiece is large in intermittent indexing motion, so that the sprain of a machine tool guide rod is easily caused. Thus, each intermittent indexing movement requires the upper centering fixture to be lifted off the workpiece by a crane or hoist. The upper centering fixture is repeatedly lifted and lowered for a long time, so that the matching surface of the guide rod and the upper centering fixture is abraded rapidly, and the precision and the service life of a machine tool are influenced; secondly, tens of tooth grooves require frequently using a crane or a hoist midway, so that the effective processing time is reduced, the efficiency is low and the operation is difficult.
To solve the above problems, the present company has studied on the upper centering hoisting-free structure, and has successively applied for a plurality of patents: CN213003802U (20/4/2020) discloses a patent of an upper centering device for a broaching machine, and CN215145212U (14/12/2021) discloses a patent of a spline housing broaching tool. The two structures change the matching between the upper centering fixture and the workpiece from sliding matching to rolling matching, reduce the friction force of indexing motion, and have innovation in the aspect of hoisting-free. However, the former has a complex structure, is difficult to adjust and align and maintain the position degree or symmetry degree on the use site, has poor convenience and can not position; the latter adopts and adjusts a plurality of bull's eye wheels, has the same field adjustment alignment difficulty, and difficult control position degree or symmetry can not the problem of location etc..
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the problem that an last centering fixture of internal spline monodentate broaching is provided, it replaces sliding friction through rolling friction, makes and need not lift by crane centring means when monodentate broaching, has reduced process time, has improved work efficiency. And simultaneously, the utility model discloses it is convenient to adjust the alignment, can keep and control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position to realize accurate, convenient reliable centering to heavy machinery big specification internal spline broaching.
The utility model relates to an upper centering fixture for internal spline single tooth broaching, which comprises an upper centering body and a circumferential rolling friction structure, wherein the circumferential rolling friction structure comprises an external cylindrical raceway groove and a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units; the excircle of the upper centering body, which is positioned in the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece, is divided into an upper big excircle and a lower small excircle, an excircle raceway groove is arranged in the middle of the height of the lower small excircle along the circumferential direction, a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the excircle raceway groove, and the circumferential rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece.
Furthermore, each group of circumferential rolling friction units comprises an outer circle retainer, a plurality of balls I, four screws I and two stop pins I; a plurality of balls I set up in excircle track inslot, contained angle alpha between the both ends is not less than 35 about a plurality of balls I, two backing pins I respectively crowded a plurality of balls about both ends and with the little excircle rigid coupling down of last centering body, the interior anchor ring laminating of excircle holder just fixes through screw I on the little excircle down of last centering body, the ring channel of excircle holder blocks a plurality of balls I, a part protrusion of ball I just is the point contact with the upper portion hole of work piece in the outside of excircle holder.
Furthermore, the diameter of the ball I is d0, and the excircle raceway groove is a semi-circular arc groove with the diameter of d 0.
Furthermore, the upper centering fixture also comprises a plane rolling friction structure, and the plane rolling friction structure comprises a toroidal raceway groove and a plurality of plane rolling friction units; the surface of the upper centering body corresponding to the upper plane of the workpiece is a spigot step plane, a plane raceway groove is formed in the spigot step plane, a plurality of groups of plane rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the plane raceway groove, and the plane rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the upper plane of the workpiece.
Furthermore, each group of plane rolling friction units comprises a ring surface retainer, a plurality of balls II, four screws II and two stop pins II; the two balls II are arranged in the ring surface roller way groove, the included angle alpha between the left end and the right end of each ball II is not smaller than 35 degrees, the two stop pins II tightly squeeze the left end and the right end of each ball respectively and are fixedly connected with the spigot step plane, the ring surface retainer is attached to the spigot step plane and is fixed through the screws II, the ring groove of the ring surface retainer blocks the balls II, and a small part of each ball II protrudes out of the ring surface retainer and is in point contact with the upper plane of a workpiece.
Furthermore, the diameter of the ball II is d1, and the ring surface rolling way groove is a semi-arc groove with the diameter of d 1.
Further, the mutual total distance between the plurality of balls in each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units is not more than 1mm.
Furthermore, the circumferential rolling friction units and the plane rolling friction units are evenly distributed in three groups, and the central lines of each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units are overlapped.
Further, the diameter of the lower little excircle of centering body is D3 on setting for, and the diameter of ball I is D0, and the tank bottom diameter in excircle raceway groove is D4, and the external diameter of the raceway excircle that ball I placed the formation behind the excircle raceway groove is D1, and D1 is the same with the diameter of the upper segment hole of work piece, and the diameter of the outer anchor ring of excircle holder is D2, and D2 is the same with the diameter of the last big excircle of last centering body: d3= D1-D0, D4= D1-2D0, the upper and lower deviation of D4 is the same as D1, and D2 is 1 mm-2 mm smaller than D1.
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture's advantage is: 1. when a key groove is machined by broaching, the upper centering fixture is kept to be not rotated through the flat key, the workpiece rotates for 1/Z circle along with the rotary workbench, the rotation is realized between the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece and the excircle of the upper centering body, and between the upper plane of the workpiece and the plane of the upper centering fixture without a circumferential rolling friction unit, and the friction force of rolling fit is small, so that the indexing can be completed without lifting the upper centering fixture, the lifting time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; 2. through setting up multiunit circumference rolling friction unit and multiunit plane rolling friction unit, it is convenient to make the positioning fixture adjust the alignment, can keep and control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position to the realization is to heavy machinery big specification internal spline broaching's accurate, convenient reliable centering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the upper centering fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at Z in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the upper centering fixture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings so as to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the invention.
Example 1
As can be seen from fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the upper centering fixture for internal spline single tooth broaching of the present invention comprises an upper centering body 1 and a circumferential rolling friction structure 2, wherein the circumferential rolling friction structure 2 comprises an outer circular raceway groove 20 and a plurality of sets of circumferential rolling friction units; the excircle of the upper centering body 1 in the upper inner hole of the workpiece 4 is divided into an upper large excircle 11 and a lower small excircle 12, an excircle raceway groove 20 is arranged in the middle of the height of the lower small excircle 12 along the circumferential direction, a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the excircle raceway groove 20, and the circumferential rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the upper inner hole of the workpiece 4.
Will the utility model discloses go up centering fixture 7 and place on work piece 4, go up centering fixture 7 through the upper portion hole contact of circumference rolling friction structure with work piece 4, when broaching processing accomplishes a keyway, it keeps not rotating to go up centering fixture 7 through parallel key 6, work piece 4 rotates 1/Z circle along with swivel work head 5, realize rotating through circumference rolling friction unit between work piece 4's the upper portion hole and the last centering fixture 7, roll complex frictional force is little, consequently, need not to hoist and go up centering fixture and can accomplish the graduation, the lifting time has been reduced, and the work efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the upper positioning fixture is convenient to adjust and align through the plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units, the position degree and the symmetry degree can be kept and controlled, and the positioning is easy, so that accurate, convenient and reliable centering of broaching of large-size internal splines of heavy machinery is realized.
Example 2
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: each group of circumferential rolling friction units comprises an outer circle retainer 24, a plurality of balls I21, four screws I22 and two stop pins I23; a plurality of balls I21 set up in excircle raceway groove 20, contained angle alpha between the both ends about a plurality of balls I21 is not less than 35, two backing pins I23 about a plurality of balls I21 both ends and with last centering body 1's lower tip 12 rigid coupling respectively, the laminating of the inner ring surface of excircle holder 24 is on last centering body 1's lower tip 12 and fixed through screw I22, a plurality of balls I21 are blocked to the ring channel of excircle holder 24, a part protrusion of ball I21 is in the outside of excircle holder 24 and for the point contact with the upper portion hole of work piece 4.
A plurality of balls I21 in each group of circumferential rolling friction units are positioned through stop pins I23 and an outer circle retainer 24, so that the balls cannot scatter, and the reliable implementation of circumferential rolling friction is ensured. Meanwhile, the ball I21 is in point contact with the inner hole in the upper part of the workpiece 4, so that when the workpiece 4 rotates for 1/Z circle along with the rotary worktable 5, the inner hole in the upper part of the workpiece 4 and the upper centering fixture 7 rotate through the ball I21, and the friction force of rolling fit is small, so that indexing can be completed without hoisting the upper centering fixture 7, the hoisting time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. Simultaneously, make through the ball on the multiunit circumference rolling friction unit go up positioning fixture 7 field adjustment alignment convenience, can control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position to realize accurate, the convenient reliable centering of heavy machinery big specification internal spline broaching.
Example 3
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: the diameter of the ball I21 is d0, and the excircle raceway groove 20 is a semicircular arc groove with the diameter of d 0.
Half of the ball I21 is reliably placed in the outer circular track groove 20, and the smoothness of circumferential rolling friction is guaranteed.
Example 4
The upper centering fixture of the utility model also comprises a plane rolling friction structure 3, wherein the plane rolling friction structure 3 comprises a ring surface raceway groove 30 and a plurality of plane rolling friction units; the surface of the upper centering body 1 corresponding to the upper plane of the workpiece 4 is a spigot step plane 13, a plane raceway groove 30 is arranged on the spigot step plane 13, a plurality of groups of plane rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the plane raceway groove 30, and the plane rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the upper plane of the workpiece 4.
When the workpiece 4 rotates 1/Z circle along with the rotary table 5, the upper plane of the workpiece 4 and the upper centering clamp 7 rotate through the plane rolling friction unit, so that the friction force between the workpiece 4 and the upper centering clamp 7 is further reduced, and the indexing can be completed without lifting the upper centering clamp 7.
Example 5 II
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: each group of plane rolling friction units comprises a ring surface retainer 31, a plurality of balls II 32, four screws II 33 and two stop pins II 34; the plurality of balls II 32 are arranged in the ring surface track groove 30, the included angle alpha between the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls II 32 is not smaller than 35 degrees, the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls II 32 are respectively tightly squeezed by the two stop pins II 34 and are fixedly connected with the spigot step plane 13, the ring surface retainer 31 is attached to the spigot step plane 13 and is fixed through the screw II 33, the ring groove of the ring surface retainer 31 clamps the plurality of balls II 32, and a small part of the balls II 32 protrudes out of the ring surface retainer 31 and is in point contact with the upper plane of the workpiece 4.
A plurality of balls II 32 in each group of plane rolling friction units are positioned through stop pins II 34 and the ring surface retainer 31, so that the balls are prevented from scattering, and the reliable realization of plane rolling friction is ensured. Meanwhile, the ball II 32 is in point contact with the upper plane of the workpiece 4, so that when the workpiece 4 rotates for 1/Z circle along with the rotary workbench 5, the upper plane of the workpiece 4 and the upper centering fixture 7 rotate through the ball II 32, and the friction force of rolling fit is small, so that the upper centering fixture 7 does not need to be lifted, the lifting time is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the upper positioning fixture 7 is convenient to adjust and align on site through the balls on the multiple groups of plane rolling friction units, the position degree and the symmetry degree can be controlled, and positioning is easy to achieve, so that accurate, convenient and reliable centering of broaching of large-size internal splines of heavy machinery is achieved.
Example 6
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: the diameter of the ball II 32 is d1, and the ring surface track groove 30 is a semi-arc groove with the diameter of d 1.
Half of the ball II 32 is reliably placed in the ring surface raceway groove 30, and the stability of the plane rolling friction is guaranteed.
Example 7
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: the total distance between a plurality of balls in each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units is not more than 1mm.
The distance that the ball in every group rolling friction unit removed about in the raceway groove is no longer than 1mm, makes the ball can rotate but can not rock, has guaranteed work piece 4 pivoted stationarity, has also guaranteed to adjust the alignment convenience, can control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position.
Example 8
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: the circumferential rolling friction units and the plane rolling friction units are all three groups which are uniformly distributed, and the central lines of each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units are superposed.
The three groups of rolling friction units ensure the flexible rotation of the workpiece 4; the positions of each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units correspond to each other, so that the workpiece 4 can rotate stably. The circumferential rolling friction unit and the plane rolling friction unit are combined together to enable the upper positioning fixture to be convenient to adjust and align, position degree and symmetry degree can be controlled, and positioning is easy to achieve, so that accurate, convenient and reliable centering of broaching of large-size internal splines of heavy machinery is achieved.
Example 9
The utility model discloses go up centering fixture: the diameter of the lower little excircle 12 of centering body 1 is D3 for setting for, and the diameter of ball I21 is D0, and the tank bottom diameter of excircle raceway groove 20 is D4, and the external diameter of the raceway excircle that ball I21 placed back formation in excircle raceway groove 20 is D1, and D1 is the same with the diameter of the upper segment hole of work piece 4, and the diameter of the outer anchor ring face of excircle holder 24 is D2, and D2 is the same with the diameter of the last big excircle 13 of last centering body 1: d3= D1-D0, D4= D1-2D0, the upper and lower deviation of D4 is the same as D1, and D2 is 1 mm-2 mm smaller than D1.
Through the relation of above-mentioned diameter, guaranteed to be the point contact between the hole of ball I21 and the work piece 4 upper segment, formed rolling fit between the two, need not lift by crane centering device 7 and can accomplish the graduation of work piece.
Therefore, the utility model discloses go up centering fixture and utilize rolling friction to replace sliding friction, need not lift by crane when the monodentate broaching and go up centering device and just can carry out the graduation to the work piece, the clamping is convenient, swift, can control position degree and symmetry and easily fix a position, has realized the accurate of heavy machinery big specification internal spline broaching, convenient reliable centering.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an upper centering fixture of internal spline monodentate broaching which characterized by: the centering device comprises an upper centering body (1) and a circumferential rolling friction structure (2), wherein the circumferential rolling friction structure (2) comprises an excircle raceway groove (20) and a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units; the excircle of the upper centering body (1) in the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece (4) is divided into an upper big excircle (11) and a lower small excircle (12), an excircle raceway groove (20) is arranged in the middle of the height of the lower small excircle (12) along the circumferential direction, a plurality of groups of circumferential rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the excircle raceway groove (20), and the circumferential rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the inner hole at the upper part of the workpiece (4).
2. The upper centering fixture of claim 1, wherein: each group of circumferential rolling friction units comprises an outer circle retainer (24), a plurality of balls I (21), four screws I (22) and two stop pins I (23); a plurality of balls I (21) are arranged in an outer circular track groove (20), an included angle alpha between the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls I (21) is not smaller than 35 degrees, two stop pins I (23) tightly squeeze the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls I (21) respectively and are fixedly connected with a lower small excircle (12) of an upper centering body (1), the inner ring surface of an outer circular retainer (24) is attached to the lower small excircle (12) of the upper centering body (1) and fixed through a screw I (22), the annular groove of the outer circular retainer (24) clamps the plurality of balls I (21), and a small part of the ball I (21) protrudes outside the outer circular retainer (24) and is in point contact with an upper inner hole of a workpiece (4).
3. The upper centering fixture of claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the ball I (21) is d0, and the excircle raceway groove (20) is a semicircular arc groove with the diameter of d 0.
4. The upper centering jig of claim 1, wherein: the rolling friction structure comprises a plane rolling friction structure (3), wherein the plane rolling friction structure (3) comprises a plane rolling channel groove (30) and a plurality of plane rolling friction units; the upper centering body (1) is a spigot step plane (13) corresponding to the upper plane of the workpiece (4), a plane raceway groove (30) is arranged on the spigot step plane (13), a plurality of groups of plane rolling friction units are uniformly distributed in the plane raceway groove (30), and the plane rolling friction units are in rolling fit with the upper plane of the workpiece (4).
5. The upper centering fixture of claim 4, wherein: each group of plane rolling friction units comprises a ring surface retainer (31), a plurality of balls II (32), four screws II (33) and two stop pins II (34); a plurality of balls II (32) are arranged in a plane track groove (30), the included angle alpha between the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls II (32) is not smaller than 35 degrees, two stop pins II (34) respectively tightly squeeze the left end and the right end of the plurality of balls II (32) and are fixedly connected with a spigot step plane (13), a ring surface retainer (31) is attached to the spigot step plane (13) and is fixed through a screw II (33), the ring groove of the ring surface retainer (31) clamps the plurality of balls II (32), and a small part of the balls II (32) protrudes out of the ring surface retainer (31) and is in point contact with the upper plane of a workpiece (4).
6. The upper centering fixture of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the ball II (32) is d1, and the plane rolling groove (30) is a semi-arc groove with the diameter of d 1.
7. The upper centering fixture of claim 4, wherein: the total distance between a plurality of balls in each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units is not more than 1mm.
8. The upper centering fixture of claim 4, wherein: the circumferential rolling friction units and the plane rolling friction units are all three groups which are uniformly distributed, and the central lines of each group of circumferential rolling friction units and each group of plane rolling friction units are superposed.
9. The upper centering fixture of claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the lower small excircle (12) of the upper centering body (1) is set to be D3, the diameter of the ball I (21) is D0, the diameter of the bottom of the excircle raceway groove (20) is D4, the outer diameter of the raceway excircle formed after the ball I (21) is placed in the excircle raceway groove (20) is D1, the diameter of the upper section inner hole of the D1 and the workpiece (4) is the same, the diameter of the outer annular surface of the excircle retainer (24) is D2, and the diameter of the D2 and the diameter of the upper large excircle (11) of the upper centering body (1) are the same: d3= D1-D0, D4= D1-2D0, the upper and lower deviation of D4 is the same as that of D1, and D2 is smaller than D1 by 1mm to 2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222094009.6U CN218169496U (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Upper centering fixture for broaching internal spline single tooth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222094009.6U CN218169496U (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Upper centering fixture for broaching internal spline single tooth |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218169496U true CN218169496U (en) | 2022-12-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222094009.6U Active CN218169496U (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Upper centering fixture for broaching internal spline single tooth |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218169496U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-08-10 CN CN202222094009.6U patent/CN218169496U/en active Active
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