CN218161788U

CN218161788U - Voltage abnormity protection circuit and electrical apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN218161788U
Application number: CN202222126405.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄孝盛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-08-12
Filing date: 2022-08-12
Publication date: 2022-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to a protection circuit technical field, in order to solve the not enough technical problem of current protection circuit protection, the utility model discloses a voltage anomaly protection circuit and electrical apparatus, including voltage sampling circuit, control module, power adjustment pipe and status indication module, control module is connected with voltage sampling circuit, power adjustment pipe, status indication module respectively, voltage sampling circuit is used for following the commercial power sample, control module is used for detecting the height of sampling voltage and controls power adjustment pipe regulation output power, through the suggestion of status indication module simultaneously. The control module monitors the changes of the static voltage and the on-load voltage of the input electrical appliance, judges whether the input end can be on-load or on-load power, and if the voltage of the input end deviates from a normal value, the electrical appliance equipment automatically stops running or adjusts power to run, so that a power strip is prevented from being burnt, danger is reduced, and the control module reminds the input electrical appliance to enter a safety mode.

Description

Voltage abnormity protection circuit and electrical apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a protection circuit technical field especially relates to a voltage abnormity protection circuit and electrical apparatus.

Background

Conventional electronic devices have a current rating that must not be exceeded or otherwise burn out the device. A current protection module is thus provided. When the current exceeds the set current, the equipment is automatically powered off to protect the equipment.

Although the overcurrent protection plays a certain role in protection, if the load is a resistive load, when the power supply fails, the voltage on the load may greatly rise, and the rise value of the current may not necessarily exceed the overcurrent protection value; the overcurrent protection also has the disadvantage that there is a certain delay, and the protection is not released until a large current is formed. The above situation causes some defects of the existing protection circuit, resulting in poor protection effect.

In daily use, the power socket is usually switched, the bearing power of the power socket is limited to a certain extent, and the power socket can be burnt when a high-power electric appliance exceeds the maximum bearing power of the power socket.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a voltage abnormity protection circuit and electrical apparatus to solve the not enough technical problem of current protection circuit protection.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a voltage abnormality protection circuit, which comprises:

as an aspect of the utility model provides a voltage abnormity protection circuit, including voltage sampling circuit, control module, power adjustment pipe and status indication module, control module is connected with voltage sampling circuit, power adjustment pipe respectively, voltage sampling circuit is used for following the commercial power sample, control module is used for detecting sampling voltage's height and controls power adjustment pipe regulation output. The control module monitors the changes of the static voltage and the on-load voltage of the input electric appliance, judges whether the input end can be on-load or not, and automatically stops the operation of the electric appliance or adjusts the power operation if the voltage of the input end deviates from a normal value, thereby avoiding burning the power strip and reducing the danger.

Further, the voltage sampling circuit comprises a sampling resistor and a first isolation module, the first isolation module comprises a first optical coupler, one end of the sampling resistor is connected with one pole of a mains supply, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected with the anode of the first optical coupler, the cathode of the first optical coupler is connected with the other pole of the mains supply, the collector of the first optical coupler is connected with a second direct-current power supply through a first pull-up resistor, the collector of the first optical coupler is connected with the voltage detection end of the control module, and the emitter of the first optical coupler is grounded. The voltage sampling circuit obtains voltage from mains supply, and the voltage sampling circuit performs safe isolation through the first isolation module, so that strong current and weak current are electrically isolated, impact or interference on the control module and a peripheral circuit is avoided, and safety is improved. Compared with overcurrent protection, the protection can be realized before no current is formed through detecting voltage, and the protection effect is improved.

Furthermore, a controlled end of the power adjusting tube is connected with a second isolation module, the second isolation module comprises a second optocoupler, a cathode of the second optocoupler is grounded, an anode of the second optocoupler is connected with the control module through a current-limiting resistor, a collector of the second optocoupler is connected with a first electrode of the power adjusting tube through a second pull-up resistor, an emitter of the second optocoupler is connected with the controlled end of the power adjusting tube, a second electrode of the power adjusting tube is connected with a load, and the first electrode of the power adjusting tube is connected with a power supply of the load.

Furthermore, the power adjusting tube is an MOS tube, an IGBT or a controllable silicon.

Furthermore, the intelligent safety device further comprises a state indicating module which is a light indicating module or a display screen indicating module and reminds a user to enter a safety mode through the state indicating module, and the silicon controlled rectifier is a bidirectional silicon controlled rectifier.

As another aspect of the utility model provides an electrical apparatus, including foretell voltage anomaly protection circuit, still include electrical apparatus control circuit and be used for connecting the second socket of electrical apparatus, electrical apparatus control circuit includes the switch tube, and the grid and the control module of switch tube are connected, and the source electrode ground connection of switch tube, the drain electrode of switch tube and the second end of second socket are connected, and the first end and the first direct current power connection of second socket.

Further, a diode D9 for absorbing a reverse induction current is reversely disposed between the first end and the second end of the second socket.

Furthermore, a temperature detection module is further arranged, the temperature detection module comprises an NTC resistor, the NTC resistor and the resistor R10 are connected in series to form a voltage division circuit, the resistor R10 is connected with a second direct-current power supply, and a junction of the NTC resistor and the resistor R10 is connected with the control module.

Furthermore, the system also comprises function keys.

Further, electrical apparatus's power module includes rectifier module and voltage stabilizing module, and voltage stabilizing module is used for exporting first direct current power, still includes to be connected the step-down module with voltage stabilizing module, and the step-down module is used for exporting second direct current power, and rectifier module's front end still is provided with the EMC circuit, and the EMC circuit is used for restraining the X electric capacity of differential mode interference including connecting between live wire and zero line.

Furthermore, the protection circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor connected between the live wire and the zero wire and used for limiting voltage.

Furthermore, a fuse is connected in series on the live wire.

The utility model provides a pair of voltage abnormity protection circuit and electrical apparatus, through the change of the static voltage of control module monitoring input electrical apparatus and on-load voltage, judge whether the input can the on-load or on-load power size, if the skew normal value of input terminal voltage, then make electrical equipment automatic shutdown operation or regulation power operation, avoid burning out the power and insert row, reduce danger. In addition, the safety mode can be prompted to enter through the state indicating module, and the strong current and the weak current are electrically isolated through the first isolating module, so that impact or interference on the control module and a peripheral circuit is avoided, and the safety is improved. Compared with overcurrent protection, the protection can be realized before no current is formed through detecting voltage, and the protection effect is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power module and a voltage sampling circuit provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power regulating tube provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the control module, the temperature detection module and the electrical appliance control circuit provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the electrical apparatus provided by the present invention;

fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of the electrical apparatus provided by the present invention.

In the figure: VCC1, a first direct current power supply; VCC2, a second DC power supply; q2 and a first optocoupler; q4, a second optocoupler; r12, a first pull-up resistor; r23, a second pull-up resistor; r22 and a current limiting resistor; u1 and a control module; u2, a voltage stabilizing module; u3, a power adjusting tube; u5, a rectification module; q3, a switching tube; p1, a first socket; p2, a second socket; p3, a third socket; c11, X capacitance; l, a fire wire; n, a zero line; f1, a fuse.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the utility model provides a pair of voltage abnormity protection circuit, including voltage sampling circuit, control module U1, state indication module and power adjustment pipe U3, control module U1 respectively with voltage sampling circuit, power adjustment pipe U3 is connected, voltage sampling circuit is used for following the commercial power sample, control module U1 is used for detecting the voltage height and controls power adjustment pipe U3, voltage sampling circuit includes sampling resistor and first isolation module, first isolation module includes first opto-coupler Q2, sampling resistor's one end is connected with one utmost point of commercial power, sampling resistor's the other end is connected with first opto-coupler Q2's positive pole, first opto-coupler Q2's negative pole is connected with the other utmost point of commercial power, first opto-coupler Q2's collecting electrode is connected with second DC power source VCC2 through first pull-up resistance R12, first opto-coupler Q2's collecting electrode is connected with control module U1's voltage detection end DET, first opto-coupler Q2's projecting pole ground connection.

The change of static (no-load) voltage and on-load voltage of an input electric appliance is monitored through the control module U1, whether the input end can be on-load or on-load power is judged, if the voltage drop of the input end exceeds a normal value, the electric appliance is automatically stopped or the power is reduced to operate, if the voltage drop of the input end is recovered to the normal value, the electric appliance is recovered to operate in normal power, for example, if a power strip carries a 1500W electric appliance, the control module U1 controls the power adjusting tube to be reduced to a safe power range to operate, such as to be reduced to 1000W, so that the power strip is prevented from being burnt out, dangers are reduced, and the state indicating module is used for reminding the user to enter a safe mode. In addition, the first isolation module is used for carrying out safety isolation, so that strong current and weak current are electrically isolated, impact or interference on the control module U1 and peripheral circuits is avoided, and safety is improved. Compared with overcurrent protection, the protection can be realized before no current is formed through detecting voltage, and the protection effect is improved.

Wherein, the state indication module is a light indication module or a display screen indication module.

Further, the power adjusting transistor may be a MOS transistor, an IGBT, or a thyristor.

When the power adjusting tube U3 is a silicon controlled rectifier, the waveform of the input voltage passes through the conduction angle switching wave to generate a tangential output voltage waveform, so that the effective value of the output voltage can be reduced, and the power of a common load (a resistance load) is reduced.

When the power adjusting tube U3 is an MOS tube or an IGBT, the power can be adjusted by controlling the on-off speed of the power adjusting tube U3.

The control module U1 is a single chip microcomputer, and the related modules are controlled to act after signals are collected or feedback signals are received through the GPIO port. The controlled end of power adjusting pipe U3 is connected with the second and keeps apart the module, the second is kept apart the module and is included second opto-coupler Q4, the negative pole ground connection of second opto-coupler Q4, the positive pole of second opto-coupler Q4 with be connected with control module U1 through current-limiting resistor R22, the collecting electrode of second opto-coupler Q4 passes through second pull-up resistor R23 and is connected with the first electrode of power adjusting pipe U3, the projecting pole of second opto-coupler Q4 is connected with the controlled end of power adjusting pipe U3, the second electrode of power adjusting pipe U3 is connected with the load, the first electrode of power adjusting pipe U3 is connected with the power of load. In fig. 2, both ends of the third socket P3 are connected to the load and the power supply of the load, respectively.

Preferably, the thyristor is a bidirectional thyristor.

The utility model also provides an electric appliance device to the electric heating device is for example, and this electric appliance device is resistive load, including foretell voltage anomaly protection circuit, still include electric appliance control circuit and the second socket P2 that is used for connecting electrical apparatus, electric appliance control circuit includes switch tube Q3, and switch tube Q3's grid is connected with control module U1, and switch tube Q3's source ground connection, switch tube Q3's drain electrode and second socket P2's second end are connected, and second socket P2's first end and first direct current power VCC1 are connected.

Preferably, the switching tube Q3 is an NMOS tube.

In one embodiment, a diode D9 for absorbing a reverse induction current is reversely disposed between the first end and the second end of the second socket P2, and if the electrical appliance is an inductive load, a generated reverse electromotive force forms a current and then may reversely damage components in the circuit, so that the damage is eliminated by the diode D9.

In an embodiment, a temperature detection module is further provided, the temperature detection module includes an NTC resistor, in fig. 3, the NTC resistor is connected to the first socket P1, the NTC resistor is connected in series with the resistor R10 to form a voltage dividing circuit, the resistor R10 is connected to a second dc power source VCC2, a junction of the NTC resistor and the resistor R10 is connected to the control module U1, a voltage at the junction is divided, the divided voltage is fed back to the control module U1, and an operating state of the electrical appliance is adjusted according to the temperature.

In an embodiment, the portable electronic device further comprises a light indication module and a function key, as shown in fig. 3, the light indication module comprises a light emitting diode and a resistor connected in series with the light emitting diode, the control module U1 controls the light emitting diode to be turned on or off through a GPIO port, and the light indication module can indicate a working state; the function KEYs comprise a KEY KEY1, a KEY KEY2 and a switch S1, and manual control is realized through the function KEYs.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in an embodiment, a power module of an electrical apparatus includes a rectifier module U5 and a voltage regulator module U2, the voltage regulator module U2 is used for outputting a first dc power VCC1, and further includes a voltage reduction module connected to the voltage regulator module U2, the voltage reduction module is used for outputting a second dc power VCC2, a front end of the rectifier module U5 is further provided with an EMC circuit, and the EMC circuit includes an X capacitor C11 connected between a live line L and a zero line N for suppressing differential mode interference.

Furthermore, the protection circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor VDR connected between the live wire L and the zero wire N for limiting voltage. The voltage dependent resistor is a voltage limiting type protection device, and by utilizing the nonlinear characteristic of the voltage dependent resistor, when overvoltage appears between two electrodes of the voltage dependent resistor, the voltage dependent resistor can clamp the voltage to a relatively fixed voltage value, so that the protection of a rear-stage circuit is realized.

Furthermore, a fuse F1 is connected in series on the live wire L, and when a rear-stage circuit breaks down to cause large current, the fuse F1 is fused to provide a protection effect.

To sum up, the utility model provides a pair of voltage anomaly protection circuit and electrical apparatus, through the change of the static voltage of control module monitoring input electrical apparatus and on-load voltage, judge whether the input can the on-load or on-load power size, if the input pressure drop surpasss the normal value, make electrical equipment automatic shutdown or reduce power operation, if the input pressure drop resumes the normal value, make electrical equipment resume normal power operation, avoid burning out the power and insert the row, reduce danger, and through reminding the entering safety mode in the state indication module.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a voltage anomaly protection circuit, its characterized in that, includes voltage sampling circuit, control module (U1) and power adjusting tube (U3), control module (U1) is connected with voltage sampling circuit, power adjusting tube (U3) respectively, voltage sampling circuit is used for following the commercial power sample, control module (U1) is used for detecting sample voltage's height and controls power adjusting tube (U3) regulation output.

2. The voltage abnormality protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage sampling circuit includes a sampling resistor and a first isolation module, the first isolation module includes a first optocoupler (Q2), one end of the sampling resistor is connected to one pole of a commercial power, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to an anode of the first optocoupler (Q2), a cathode of the first optocoupler (Q2) is connected to the other pole of the commercial power, a collector of the first optocoupler (Q2) is connected to a second dc power supply (VCC 2) through a first pull-up resistor (R12), a collector of the first optocoupler (Q2) is connected to a voltage detection end of the control module (U1), and an emitter of the first optocoupler (Q2) is grounded.

3. The voltage abnormality protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein a second isolation module is connected to the controlled end of the power regulation tube (U3), the second isolation module includes a second optical coupler (Q4), the cathode of the second optical coupler (Q4) is grounded, the anode of the second optical coupler (Q4) is connected to the control module (U1) through a current limiting resistor (R22), the collector of the second optical coupler (Q4) is connected to the first electrode of the power regulation tube (U3) through a second pull-up resistor (R23), the emitter of the second optical coupler (Q4) is connected to the controlled end of the power regulation tube (U3), the second electrode of the power regulation tube (U3) is connected to a load, and the input end of the power regulation tube (U3) is connected to a power supply of the load.

4. The voltage abnormality protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein said power regulating transistor (U3) is an IGBT, a thyristor, or a MOS transistor.

5. The voltage abnormality protection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a status indication module, wherein the status indication module is a light indication module or a display screen indication module.

6. An electrical apparatus, comprising the voltage abnormality protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprising an electrical apparatus control circuit and a second socket (P2) for connecting an electrical apparatus, wherein the electrical apparatus control circuit comprises a switch tube (Q3), a gate of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to the control module (U1), a source of the switch tube (Q3) is grounded, a drain of the switch tube (Q3) is connected to a second end of the second socket (P2), and a first end of the second socket (P2) is connected to the first dc power supply (VCC 1).

7. The electrical apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that a diode D9 for absorbing reverse induced current is arranged in reverse direction between the first and second ends of the second socket (P2).

8. The electrical device according to claim 7, characterized in that a temperature detection module is further provided, the temperature detection module comprises an NTC resistor, the NTC resistor is connected in series with a resistor R10 to form a voltage dividing circuit, the resistor R10 is connected with a second direct current power supply (VCC 2), and a junction of the NTC resistor and the resistor R10 is connected with the control module (U1).

9. The electrical device according to claim 8, wherein the power module of the electrical device comprises a rectifier module (U5) and a voltage regulator module (U2), the voltage regulator module (U2) is configured to output the first DC power supply (VCC 1), and further comprises a voltage reduction module connected to the voltage regulator module (U2) and configured to output the second DC power supply (VCC 2), wherein the front end of the rectifier module (U5) is further provided with an EMC circuit, and the EMC circuit comprises an X capacitor (C11) connected between the live line (L) and the neutral line (N) for suppressing differential mode interference.

10. The electrical apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a protection circuit comprising a voltage-dependent resistor connected between the live line (L) and the neutral line (N) for limiting voltage, said live line (L) being further connected in series with a fuse (F1).