CN218156792U - Integrated instrument for measuring focal length of thin convex lens and refractive index of liquid by adopting auto-collimation method - Google Patents
Integrated instrument for measuring focal length of thin convex lens and refractive index of liquid by adopting auto-collimation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN218156792U CN218156792U CN202222474356.1U CN202222474356U CN218156792U CN 218156792 U CN218156792 U CN 218156792U CN 202222474356 U CN202222474356 U CN 202222474356U CN 218156792 U CN218156792 U CN 218156792U
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Abstract
An integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of a thin convex lens and the refractive index of liquid by adopting an auto-collimation method. The device comprises a symmetrical measuring component, an asymmetrical measuring component, a guide rail, a light screen, a light source and a shell; the interior of the shell is divided into a guide rail chamber and a light source chamber by a light screen which is vertically arranged, and a light source is arranged in the light source chamber; the guide rails are arranged at the two sides of the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber; the symmetry measurement assembly comprises a first thin convex lens, a first plane mirror, a first handle and a first base; the asymmetry measuring assembly comprises a cylinder, a second handle and a second base; the utility model discloses the utilization is kept apart light source room and guide rail room, has realized both can measuring the focus of thin convex lens in the air, can measure the focus of thin convex lens again and then reach the liquid refracting index in transparent liquid, has compensatied the not enough of traditional thin convex lens focus measurement experimental apparatus.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the optical experiment device, concretely relates to adopt thin convex lens focus of auto-collimation method measurement and integrative appearance of liquid refracting index.
Background
The measurement of the focal length of a thin convex lens by using an auto-collimation method is important in the physical optics teaching of the university. If the light-emitting point is on the focal plane of the thin convex lens, the light emitted by the light-emitting point becomes a beam of parallel light after passing through the thin convex lens, and if the parallel light is reflected back by a plane mirror perpendicular to the main optical axis, the reflected light still converges on the focal plane of the thin convex lens after passing through the thin convex lens again, so that the focal length of the thin convex lens can be conveniently measured by utilizing the auto-collimation method.
The chinese utility model patent of publication No. CN 212933920U discloses an experimental apparatus for measuring lens focal length, and what the device utilized is that traditional objective image conjugate method measures lens focal length, for the experiment in liquid of conveniently carrying out, has designed devices such as electric lift platform, slide external member, can realize measuring the focus of thin convex lens in the air and in transparent liquid, and it exists not enoughly is: because its measurement principle needs object screen and image screen to be in thin convex lens both sides separately, therefore its guide rail size is than longer, and whole device is comparatively heavier, and the installation accommodation process of each part is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and discharge liquid convenient and fast inadequately does not have the function of measuring its focus under the asymmetric condition of thin convex lens both sides medium moreover, to assisting the student to understand the mirror grinding person's of thin convex lens focus formula aspect completely through the demonstration experiment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problem, an object of the present invention is to provide an integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of a thin convex lens and the refractive index of liquid by using an auto-collimation method.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an integrative appearance that adopts auto-collimation method to measure thin convex lens focus and liquid refracting index includes symmetry measuring assembly, guide rail, light screen, light source and shell; the shell is of a cuboid structure made of acrylic plates, the interior of the shell is divided into a guide rail chamber and a light source chamber by a light shielding plate which is vertically arranged, and a water outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber; a light source is arranged in the light source chamber; the two guide rails are arranged at the two sides of the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber along the length direction of the shell, and scales are marked on the surfaces of the guide rails, so that the reading can be clearly carried out outside the shell; the symmetry measurement assembly comprises a first thin convex lens, a first plane mirror, a first handle and a first base; wherein the first base is an inverted concave plate and is movably buckled on the two guide rails; the first thin convex lens and the first plane mirror are both vertically arranged, the lower end of the first thin convex lens and the lower end of the first plane mirror are fixed at the top of the first base at intervals, the first plane mirror is far away from the light screen, and the first thin convex lens, the first plane mirror and the light screen are arranged in parallel; the lower end of at least one first handle is connected to the first base; the area below the highest point in the light shading plate and the light source and the first thin convex lens is a light transmission area marked with scales, and the rest parts are light-tight.
The integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by adopting the auto-collimation method further comprises two carrying handles which are respectively arranged outside two end faces of the shell.
The light source adopts a small spot lamp sold in the market and is used for emitting parallel white light.
The integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by adopting the auto-collimation method also comprises an asymmetric measuring component used under the condition of insufficient measuring range; the asymmetry measuring assembly comprises a cylinder, a second handle and a second base; wherein the lower end of the second base is movably arranged on the two guide rails; the cylinder is horizontally arranged, the two bottom surfaces of the cylinder are respectively a second thin convex lens and a second flat mirror, the second flat mirror is far away from the light screen, meanwhile, the second thin convex lens, the second flat mirror and the light screen are arranged in parallel, a liquid groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the top of the cylinder in a downward concave mode and used for containing liquid to be detected, and a liquid discharge port is formed in the liquid groove; the lower end of the second handle is connected to the side of the cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an adopt thin convex lens focus of auto-collimation method measurement and integrative appearance of liquid refracting index has following beneficial effect:
the weight is small, and the carrying and the classroom demonstration are convenient; the structure is simple, and the light source, the imaging light screen and the object to be measured are directly fixed in the shell; the assembly is convenient, and the assembly can be completed only by directly placing the symmetrical or asymmetrical measuring component on the guide rail; in addition, the asymmetric condition can be constructed by using different media at two sides of the thin convex lens so as to increase the measuring range of the refractive index of the measurable liquid. The double-cavity design that the light source and the thin convex lens imaging device can be separated is adopted, the distance from the thin convex lens to the light shading plate is adjusted by moving the base for fixing the thin convex lens, the focal length of the thin convex lens in the air can be measured, liquid can be injected into the guide rail chamber, the focal length of the thin convex lens in the liquid is measured, and the refractive index of the liquid is calculated; to the great thin convex lens of measurement focus and the great liquid of refracting index, surpass the device and measure the biggest range of refracting index and the total mass of the liquid that awaits measuring overweight, the transport scheduling problem of being not convenient for, the utility model discloses increased asymmetric measuring unit, during the use with liquid injection in the drum of this subassembly to reduce the volume of required liquid and make the total mass of complete machine reduce, the transport of being convenient for.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention showing an integrated apparatus for measuring the focal length of a thin convex lens and the refractive index of a liquid by auto-collimation;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a front schematic view of a symmetrical measurement assembly in the integrated instrument provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a front view of an asymmetric measurement component in the integrated instrument provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the utility model provides an integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of a thin convex lens and the refractive index of liquid by using an auto-collimation method, which comprises a symmetrical measuring component 2, a guide rail 3, a light screen 5, a light source and a shell 9; the housing 9 is a cuboid structure made of acrylic plates, the interior of the housing is divided into a guide rail chamber 6 and a light source chamber 7 by a light shielding plate 5 which is vertically arranged, and a water outlet 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber 6; a light source is arranged in the light source chamber 7; the two guide rails 3 are arranged at the two sides of the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber 6 along the length direction of the shell 9, and scales are marked on the surfaces of the guide rails 3, so that the reading can be clearly carried out outside the shell 9; the symmetry measurement assembly 2 comprises a first thin convex lens 2.1, a first plane mirror 2.2, a first handle 2.3 and a first base 2.4; wherein the first base 2.4 is an inverted concave plate and is movably buckled on the two guide rails 3; the first thin convex lens 2.1 and the first plane mirror 2.2 are both vertically arranged, the lower ends of the first thin convex lens and the first plane mirror are fixed at the top of the first base 2.4 at intervals, the first plane mirror 2.2 is far away from the light screen 5, and the first thin convex lens 2.1, the first plane mirror 2.2 and the light screen 5 are arranged in parallel; the lower end of at least one first handle 2.3 is connected to the first base 2.4; the area of the light shading plate 5 below the highest point of the light source and the first thin convex lens 2.1 is a light transmission area marked with scales, and the rest parts are light-tight.
The integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by adopting the auto-collimation method further comprises two carrying handles 1 which are respectively arranged outside two end faces of the shell 9.
The light source adopts a small spot lamp sold in the market and is used for emitting parallel white light.
As shown in fig. 7-9, the integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by using the autocollimation method further comprises an asymmetry measuring component 8 used in the condition of insufficient measuring range; the asymmetry measuring assembly 8 comprises a cylinder 8.5, a second handle 8.3 and a second base 8.6; wherein the lower end of the second base 8.6 is arranged on the two guide rails 3 in a moving way; the cylinder 8.5 is horizontally arranged, the two bottom surfaces are respectively a second thin convex lens 8.1 and a second flat mirror 8.2, the second flat mirror 8.2 is far away from the light screen 5, meanwhile, the second thin convex lens 8.1, the second flat mirror 8.2 and the light screen 5 are arranged in parallel, a liquid groove 8.7 is formed on the circumferential surface of the top of the cylinder 8.5 in a downward concave mode and used for containing liquid to be detected, and a liquid discharge port 8.4 is formed in the liquid groove 8.7; the lower end of the second handle 8.3 is attached to the side of the cylinder 8.5.
Will now the utility model provides an adopt auto-collimation method to measure thin convex lens focus and liquid refractive index's an organic whole appearance's application method explains as follows:
during installation, firstly, experimenters need to ensure that the centers of the light transmission areas of the light source, the first thin convex lens 2.1 on the symmetrical measuring component 2 and the light shading plate 5 are positioned on the same horizontal line. Then the light source is turned on, the light emitted by the light source is parallel light, the light rays are emitted to and pass through the first thin convex lens 2.1 through a light-transmitting area marked with scales on the light shielding plate 5, then are reflected at the first plane mirror 2.2 and pass through the first thin convex lens 2.1 again, in order to ensure that the imaging is clear, the first handle 2.3 can be used for sliding the symmetry measurement component 2 on the guide rail 3, so that the distance between the first thin convex lens 2.1 and the light shielding plate 5 is adjusted until the brightest and clearest and inverted scale line or number can be seen from the upper part of the light shielding plate 5, and after the position of the symmetry measurement component 2 is determined, the distance between the guide rail 3 and the first thin convex lens 2.1 is read by using the scales on the guide rail 3, so that the focal length of the first thin convex lens 2.1 in the air is obtained.
When the refractive index of the liquid to be measured needs to be measured, the transparent liquid to be measured is injected into the guide rail chamber 6, the lowest height of the liquid to be measured needs to be higher than that of the first thin convex lens 2.1 so as to ensure that light rays emitted by the light source are completely incident to the symmetrical measuring component 2 from the transparent liquid after passing through the light-transmitting part of the light shielding plate 5, and the first thin convex lens 2.1 with known basic parameters such as the focal length, the curved surface radius, the material refractive index and the like in the air is selected. Repeating the operation process of measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens in the air until the brightest and clearest inverted scale line or number can be seen from the upper part of the light screen 5, reading the distance between the light screen 5 and the first thin convex lens 2.1 by using the scale on the guide rail 3 after the position of the symmetrical measuring component 2 is determined, obtaining the focal length of the first thin convex lens 2.1 in the liquid to be measured, and then calculating the refractive index of the liquid to be measured by using the lens grinding formula of the thin convex lens.
When a thin convex lens with a larger focal length or liquid with a larger refractive index needs to be measured, and the distance between the first thin convex lens 2.1 and the light shielding plate 5 exceeds the range of the guide rail, if liquid to be measured exists in the guide rail chamber 6, the liquid to be measured needs to be emptied through the water outlet 4; the symmetry measuring assembly 2 is replaced by an asymmetry measuring assembly 8 and it is ensured that the centre axis of the cylinder 8.5 is in the same horizontal line as the centre of the light transmitting area on the light shield 5. During measurement, liquid to be measured is injected into a liquid groove 8.7 on a cylinder 8.5 and is sealed, the asymmetric measurement component 8 is slid on the guide rail 3 by using a second handle 8.3, so that the distance between a second thin convex lens 8.1 and the light shielding plate 5, which has known basic parameters such as focal length, curved surface radius, material refractive index and the like in the air, is adjusted until the brightest and clearest and inverted scale line or number can be seen from the upper part of the light shielding plate 5, then the focal length of the second thin convex lens 8.1 is obtained according to the method, and the refractive index of the liquid to be measured is calculated by using a mirror grinder formula. After the experiment is finished, liquid to be measured in the liquid tank 8.7 is emptied through the liquid outlet 8.4.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an adopt integrative appearance of thin convex lens focus and liquid refracting index of autocollimation method measurement which characterized in that: the integrated instrument comprises a symmetrical measuring component (2), a guide rail (3), a shading plate (5), a light source and a shell (9); the shell (9) is of a cuboid structure made of acrylic plates, the interior of the shell is divided into a guide rail chamber (6) and a light source chamber (7) by a light shielding plate (5) which is vertically arranged, and a water outlet (4) is formed in the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber (6); a light source is arranged in the light source chamber (7); the two guide rails (3) are arranged at the two sides of the bottom surface of the guide rail chamber (6) along the length direction of the shell (9), and scales are marked on the surfaces of the guide rails (3), so that the reading can be clearly carried out outside the shell (9); the symmetry measurement assembly (2) comprises a first thin convex lens (2.1), a first plane mirror (2.2), a first handle (2.3) and a first base (2.4); wherein the first base (2.4) is an inverted concave plate and is movably buckled on the two guide rails (3); the first thin convex lens (2.1) and the first plane mirror (2.2) are both vertically arranged, the lower ends of the first thin convex lens and the first plane mirror are fixed at the top of the first base (2.4) at intervals, the first plane mirror (2.2) is far away from the light screen (5), and the first thin convex lens (2.1), the first plane mirror (2.2) and the light screen (5) are arranged in parallel; the lower end of at least one first handle (2.3) is connected with the first base (2.4), the area of the light screen (5) below the highest point of the light source and the first thin convex lens (2.1) is a light-transmitting area marked with scales, and the rest parts are light-proof.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by auto-collimation is characterized in that: the integrated instrument also comprises two carrying handles (1) which are respectively arranged outside the two end surfaces of the shell (9).
3. The integrated instrument for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by adopting the auto-collimation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the light source adopts a small spot lamp sold in the market and is used for emitting parallel white light.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for measuring the focal length of the thin convex lens and the refractive index of the liquid by auto-collimation is characterized in that: the integrated meter further comprises an asymmetric measuring component (8) used in the case of insufficient range; the asymmetry measuring assembly (8) comprises a cylinder (8.5), a second handle (8.3) and a second base (8.6); wherein the lower end of the second base (8.6) is arranged on the two guide rails (3) in a moving way; the cylinder (8.5) is horizontally arranged, the two bottom surfaces are respectively a second thin convex lens (8.1) and a second flat mirror (8.2), the second flat mirror (8.2) is far away from the light screen (5), meanwhile, the second thin convex lens (8.1), the second flat mirror (8.2) and the light screen (5) are arranged in parallel, a liquid groove (8.7) is formed in the circumferential surface of the top of the cylinder (8.5) in a downward concave mode and used for containing liquid to be detected, and a liquid discharging port (8.4) is formed in the liquid groove (8.7); the lower end of the second handle (8.3) is connected to the side of the cylinder (8.5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222474356.1U CN218156792U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Integrated instrument for measuring focal length of thin convex lens and refractive index of liquid by adopting auto-collimation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222474356.1U CN218156792U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Integrated instrument for measuring focal length of thin convex lens and refractive index of liquid by adopting auto-collimation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218156792U true CN218156792U (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202222474356.1U Active CN218156792U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Integrated instrument for measuring focal length of thin convex lens and refractive index of liquid by adopting auto-collimation method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN218156792U (en) |
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- 2022-09-19 CN CN202222474356.1U patent/CN218156792U/en active Active
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