CN218154311U - Low-load stable combustion system of fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Low-load stable combustion system of fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN218154311U CN218154311U CN202221105205.2U CN202221105205U CN218154311U CN 218154311 U CN218154311 U CN 218154311U CN 202221105205 U CN202221105205 U CN 202221105205U CN 218154311 U CN218154311 U CN 218154311U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The utility model provides a fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system, include: a hearth; the right side of the air preheater is communicated with the bottom of the hearth through a first connecting pipeline, and the bottom of the right side of the hearth is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a second connecting pipeline; and the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger are communicated with the right pipeline of the air preheater through connecting pipelines. The utility model provides a pair of fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system can not relate to the transformation of boiler body, and the transformation cost is lower, and the system is thrown and is moved back conveniently, and along with the improvement of a wind temperature, the fluidization wind speed improves, and the fluidization of bed material is more even, effectively promotes combustion stability under the low-load, along with the improvement of overgrate air temperature, can strengthen overgrate air penetrability, effectively reduces lime-ash carbonaceous content, improves combustion efficiency, can also promote the interior desulfurization reaction efficiency of stove, reduces external desulfurization system pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fluidized bed boiler of thermal power plant burns the field, especially relates to a fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system.
Background
The air in the wind chamber is used to blow the glowing material layer on the fixed grate or the chain grate into a boiling state, so that the glowing material layer and coal particles roll up and down together to burn.
In recent years, under the dual-carbon target background of 'carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching', coal electricity is taken as the main field of carbon reduction, a coal electric unit is gradually changed into a bottom supporting and peak regulating power supply of a wind, light and water new energy generator set from the prior generated energy, for a fluidized bed boiler unit, the restriction factors of deep peak regulation mainly include the problems of poor combustion stability, low economy, overproof environmental protection parameters and the like caused by low bed temperature reduction under low load, the main reason of bed temperature reduction is that the coal combustion amount is reduced along with the reduction of load, and in order to ensure a normal fluidized state, the primary air volume is basically kept unchanged, but the primary hot air temperature and the secondary hot air temperature are reduced by about 50-70 ℃ compared with the design temperature of primary hot air and secondary hot air temperature. After the bed temperature is reduced, the desulfurization reaction efficiency in the furnace is reduced, the flue gas temperature at the cyclone separator is also lower than the temperature of a reaction window for SNCR denitration, the denitration efficiency is reduced, and the denitration zoneTo SO 2 Concentration, NO x The problem that concentration discharge exceeds standard, present to the steady transformation that burns of fluidized bed boiler low-load and environmental protection is up to standard mainly have air distribution plate transformation, degree of depth staged combustion to reform transform and the transformation etc. of lower secondary bellows with urea spray gun, these transformation most all relate to the transformation of boiler body, and the transformation cost is also higher, reform transform when promoting the steady characteristic of burning of boiler low-load, also produce harmful effects to the operation economy under the high and medium load of boiler.
To the above-mentioned problem, the utility model provides a thermal power plant fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system and method, one kind promptly utilizes the stove in arrange gas-gas heat exchanger, to one under the low-load, the overgrate air temperature carries out the system and the method of temperature, through the system can effectively promote fluidized bed operation bed temperature under the low-load, improves the boiler steady fire characteristic under the low-load, promotes boiler operation economic nature, guarantees the discharge to reach standard of environmental protection parameter, does not influence the operation economic nature of boiler height, well load simultaneously.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-load stable combustion system of a fluidized bed boiler to solve the above technical problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system has solved and can effectively promote fluidized bed operation bed temperature under the low-load, improves the boiler steady combustion characteristic under the low-load, promotes boiler operation economy, guarantees the discharge to reach standard of environmental protection parameter, does not influence the problem of the operation economy of boiler height, well load simultaneously.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a pair of fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system, include: a hearth;
the right side of the air preheater is communicated with the bottom of the hearth through a first connecting pipeline, and the bottom of the right side of the hearth is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a second connecting pipeline;
the primary air fan is arranged on the left side of the hearth, and the right side of the primary air fan is communicated with the left side of the air preheater through a third connecting pipeline;
the secondary air fan, the secondary air fan set up in the left side of furnace just is located the bottom of primary air fan, secondary air fan's right side through fourth connecting tube with air heater's left side intercommunication.
And the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger are communicated with the first and second hot air pipes on the left side of the air preheater through a fifth connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the top of the gas-gas heat exchanger is fixedly provided with an inlet air adjusting valve of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a sixth connecting pipe.
Preferably, a primary air adjusting valve is fixedly mounted on the left side of the inlet adjusting valve of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a seventh connecting pipe.
Preferably, the primary air adjusting door is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through an eighth connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger is fixedly provided with a check valve through a ninth connecting pipeline, and the check valve is fixedly provided with a high-temperature primary hot air adjusting valve through a tenth connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the bottom of the high-temperature primary hot air adjusting door is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through an eleventh connecting pipeline.
Preferably, a high-temperature secondary air adjusting door is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a twelfth connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the bottom of the high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a thirteenth connecting pipeline.
Preferably, the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger are both fixedly provided with a gas-gas heat exchanger bypass adjusting valve through a fourteenth connecting pipeline.
A primary air pipeline is additionally arranged on a primary air pipeline at the outlet of an air preheater to extract partial hot primary air, the extracted hot primary air is sent into an air-gas heat exchanger arranged in a boiler to be heated, the heated high-temperature hot air is respectively connected into the primary air pipeline and a secondary air pipeline through a branch, and the heated high-temperature hot air is sent into the boiler to participate in combustion after being heated by primary air and secondary air.
The controllable range of the high-temperature hot air temperature of the air-air heat exchanger is 310-650 ℃, the high-temperature hot air temperature is controlled by an inlet adjusting door of the air-air heat exchanger and a bypass adjusting door of the air-air heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hot air quantity is controlled by an adjusting door on a primary air pipeline.
Wherein, the high-temperature hot air volume entering the primary air pipeline and the secondary air pipeline is adjusted by adjusting air doors on the branch pipelines of the primary air pipeline and the secondary air pipeline. The temperature of the primary air or the secondary air can be independently raised during operation according to the actual operation condition of the boiler. Carry out the temperature rise to the primary air, be favorable to increasing the fluidization wind speed, improve the operation bed temperature, make the burning more stable, carry out the temperature rise to the overgrate air, have the advantage of improving the overgrate air rigidity, increase overgrate air penetrability, reduce the incomplete combustion loss of fuel, improve the interior desulfurization efficiency of stove.
The non-return valve is arranged on the primary hot air adjusting branch, so that primary air can be prevented from directly entering the secondary air channel without passing through the air-air heat exchanger II.
Wherein, the added pipelines are all round pipelines, which can reduce the system resistance and the system air leakage,
wherein, the added gas-gas heat exchanger can adopt a tubular heat exchanger with better heat exchange performance, and the material can adopt 310S stainless steel with stronger high temperature resistance.
Wherein, the added adjusting air doors are driven by compressed air, thereby increasing the reliability of the operation under the high-temperature working condition
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system has following beneficial effect:
the utility model provides a fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system, through a fan, air heater, the wind governing door once, gas heat exchanger entry governing valve, gas heat exchanger bypass governing door, gas heat exchanger, the back-up valve, the wind governing door is once spent to high temperature heat, the hot overgrate air governing door of high temperature, furnace, thereby mutually supporting between the overfire fan isotructure can not relate to boiler body's transformation, the transformation cost is lower, the system is thrown and is moved back conveniently, along with the improvement of a wind temperature, the fluidization wind speed improves, the fluidization of bed interior material is more even, effectively promote combustion stability under the low-load, along with the improvement of overgrate air temperature, can strengthen the overgrate air penetrability, effectively reduce the lime-ash carbon content, improve combustion efficiency, can also promote in-furnace desulfurization reaction efficiency, reduce external desulfurization system pressure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a low-load stable combustion system of a fluidized bed boiler provided by the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. the system comprises a primary air fan, 2, an air preheater, 3, a primary air adjusting door, 4, an air-gas heat exchanger inlet adjusting door, 5, an air-gas heat exchanger bypass adjusting door, 6, an air-gas heat exchanger, 7, a check door, 8, a high-temperature hot primary air adjusting door, 9, a high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door, 10, a hearth, 11 and a secondary air fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 1, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low load combustion stabilizing system of a fluidized bed boiler according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A fluidized bed boiler low-load stable combustion system comprises: a hearth 10;
the right side of the air preheater 2 is communicated with the bottom of the hearth 10 through a first connecting pipeline, and the bottom of the right side of the hearth 10 is communicated with the right side of the air preheater 2 through a second connecting pipeline;
the primary air fan 1 is arranged on the left side of the hearth 10, and the right side of the primary air fan 1 is communicated with the left side of the air preheater 2 through a third connecting pipeline;
secondary air fan 11, secondary air fan 11 set up in the left side of furnace 10 just is located primary air fan 1's bottom, secondary air fan 11's right side through fourth connecting tube with air heater's left side intercommunication.
The top of the left side of the hearth 10 is fixedly provided with a gas-gas heat exchanger 6, and the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger 6 are communicated with the right side of the air preheater 2 through a fifth connecting pipeline.
And the top of the gas-gas heat exchanger 6 is fixedly provided with a gas-gas heat exchanger inlet air adjusting valve 4 through a sixth connecting pipe.
And a primary air adjusting valve 3 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the inlet adjusting valve 4 of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a seventh connecting pipe.
The primary air adjusting door 3 is communicated with the right side of the air preheater 6 through an eighth connecting pipeline.
The bottom of gas-gas heat exchanger 6 has back stop valve 7 through ninth connecting tube fixed mounting, back stop valve 7 has high temperature hot primary air regulating valve 8 through tenth connecting tube fixed mounting.
The bottom of the high-temperature primary hot air adjusting door 8 is communicated with the right side of the air preheater 2 through an eleventh connecting pipeline.
And a high-temperature secondary air adjusting door 9 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger 6 through a twelfth connecting pipeline.
The bottom of the high-temperature secondary air adjusting door 9 is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a thirteenth connecting pipeline.
And the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger 6 are both fixedly provided with a gas-gas heater bypass adjusting door 5 through a fourteenth connecting pipeline.
The integral structure can be beneficial to rapidly increasing the bed temperature when the fluidized bed boiler is started and participates in work, the fuel oil consumption is reduced, the integral structure is enabled to participate in work when the bed temperature is reduced under high load in the boiler, and the running economy of the boiler can be improved.
The whole structure adopts the flue gas of the boiler as a heat source, no additional energy consumption equipment is needed, and the energy cascade utilization principle is met.
Overall structure both can be applicable to the technological transformation on former wind cigarette system basis, also can be applicable to when newly-built boiler build the planning in the lump.
The utility model provides a pair of fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system's theory of operation as follows:
in the normal operation process of the fluidized bed boiler, primary air and secondary air enter the air preheater 2 after being pressurized by the primary air fan 1 and the secondary air fan 11 respectively to exchange heat with flue gas and heat, the heated primary air enters the boiler from an air distribution plate at the bottom of the boiler as fluidized air, and the heated secondary air enters the boiler from a secondary air port on the side face of the boiler as combustion-supporting air. When the load of the boiler is reduced to 30 percent, the temperature of the primary air at the outlet of the air preheater 2 and the temperature of the secondary air at the outlet of the air preheater 2 are reduced by about 50-70 ℃ compared with the design value, the primary air adjusting door 3 and the inlet adjusting door 4 of the gas-gas heat exchanger can be sequentially opened to extract partial primary air to enter the gas-gas heat exchanger 6, the primary air absorbs the radiation heat exchange of a hearth in the gas-gas heat exchanger 6 and then is heated to be high-temperature hot air at 310-650 ℃, the high-temperature hot secondary air can enter a hot secondary air duct through a high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door 9 to be mixed with the secondary air to heat the hot secondary air and then enter the boiler to participate in combustion, and the hot primary air can also enter a hot primary air duct through a check valve 7 and a high-temperature primary air adjusting door 8 to heat the hot primary air and then enter the boiler. The outlet temperature of the high-temperature hot air can be controlled by adjusting the inlet adjusting door 4 of the gas-gas heat exchanger and the bypass adjusting door of the gas-gas heat exchanger during the operation of the system, and the flow of the high-temperature hot air can be controlled by adjusting the primary air adjusting door. The high-temperature hot air quantity required by the hot primary air and the hot secondary air respectively is controlled by adjusting different opening degrees of the high-temperature hot primary air adjusting door and the high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door. In the system operation process, the high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door can be closed according to the operation requirement, the high-temperature hot air is completely used for heating the hot primary air, and the high-temperature primary air adjusting door can also be closed, and the high-temperature hot air is completely used for heating the hot secondary air.
Taking a fluidized bed boiler of a certain 300MW power plant as an example, under the working condition of 115MW load, the outlet temperatures of the primary hot air and the secondary hot air at the outlet of the air preheater are 190 ℃ and 170 ℃ respectively, and are seriously lower than the design temperature. When the stable combustion system is put into operation, the high-temperature hot air outlet temperature is 550 ℃, and the high-temperature hot air quantity is 50000m 3 And in the hour, if all the hot secondary air is used for raising the temperature, the temperature of the hot secondary air can be raised from 170 ℃ to 184 ℃, and if all the hot primary air is used for raising the temperature, the temperature of the hot primary air can be raised from 190 ℃ to 233 ℃, so that the temperature raising effect is obvious.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of fluidized bed boiler low-load surely fires system has following beneficial effect:
through a primary air fan 1, air heater 2, the air damper 3, the air-gas heat exchanger entry damper 4, the air-gas heat exchanger bypass damper 5, the air-gas heat exchanger 6, the back valve 7, the hot primary air damper 8 of high temperature, the hot overgrate air damper 9 of high temperature, furnace 10, thereby mutually supporting between secondary air fan 11 isotructure can not relate to the transformation of boiler body, the transformation cost is lower, the system is thrown and is moved back conveniently, along with the improvement of primary air temperature, the fluidization wind speed improves, the fluidization of bed material is more even, effectively promote combustion stability under the low-load, along with the improvement of overgrate air temperature, can strengthen the overgrate air penetrability, effectively reduce lime-ash carbon content, improve combustion efficiency, can also promote in-furnace desulfurization reaction efficiency, reduce external desulfurization system pressure.
The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes of the present invention are used in the specification and the attached drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and the same principle is included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fluidized bed boiler low-load stable combustion system is characterized by comprising: a hearth;
the right side of the air preheater is communicated with the bottom of the hearth through a first connecting pipeline, and the bottom of the right side of the hearth is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a second connecting pipeline;
the primary air fan is arranged on the left side of the hearth, and the right side of the primary air fan is communicated with the left side of the air preheater through a third connecting pipeline;
the secondary air fan, the secondary air fan set up in the left side of furnace just is located the bottom of primary air fan, secondary air fan's right side through fourth connecting tube with air heater's left side intercommunication.
2. The fluidized bed boiler low-load combustion stabilizing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas-gas heat exchanger is fixedly mounted at the top of the left side of the furnace, and the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger are both communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a fifth connecting pipe.
3. The fluidized bed boiler low load stable combustion system of claim 2, wherein an inlet damper of the gas-gas heat exchanger is fixedly installed at the top of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a sixth connecting pipe.
4. The low-load combustion stabilizing system of the fluidized bed boiler according to claim 3, wherein a primary air adjusting valve is fixedly mounted on the left side of the inlet adjusting valve of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a seventh connecting pipe.
5. The fluidized bed boiler low-load combustion stabilizing system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the primary air adjusting door is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through an eighth connecting pipe.
6. The low-load stable combustion system of the fluidized bed boiler according to claim 5, wherein a check valve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a ninth connecting pipeline, and a high-temperature primary hot air adjusting valve is fixedly installed at the check valve through a tenth connecting pipeline.
7. The low-load combustion stabilizing system of the fluidized bed boiler according to claim 6, wherein the bottom of the high-temperature primary hot air regulating valve is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through an eleventh connecting pipeline.
8. The fluidized bed boiler low-load stable combustion system as claimed in claim 7, wherein a high-temperature hot secondary air adjusting door is fixedly installed at the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger through a twelfth connecting pipeline.
9. The low-load combustion stabilizing system of the fluidized bed boiler according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the high-temperature hot secondary air regulating valve is communicated with the right side of the air preheater through a thirteenth connecting pipeline.
10. The low-load stable combustion system of the fluidized bed boiler according to claim 9, wherein the top and the bottom of the gas-gas heat exchanger are both fixedly provided with a gas-gas heat exchanger bypass regulating valve through a fourteenth connecting pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221105205.2U CN218154311U (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Low-load stable combustion system of fluidized bed boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202221105205.2U CN218154311U (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Low-load stable combustion system of fluidized bed boiler |
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| CN218154311U true CN218154311U (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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| CN202221105205.2U Active CN218154311U (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Low-load stable combustion system of fluidized bed boiler |
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