CN218106021U

CN218106021U - Expansion cone for assisting in judging nail path angle

Info

Publication number: CN218106021U
Application number: CN202221951108.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔攀; 田融; 徐天同; 张雯; 张黎龙; 方钊
Original assignee: Tianjin People Hospital
Current assignee: Tianjin People Hospital
Priority date: 2022-07-27
Filing date: 2022-07-27
Publication date: 2022-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-27

Abstract

The application discloses an expansion cone for assisting in judging the angle of a nail path, which comprises a handle and an insertion part; the lower end of the handle is provided with an insertion part; the insertion part is provided with a cone; the end of the cone, which is close to the handle, is a first end, and the end of the cone, which is far away from the handle, is a second end; the second end of the cone is arranged in a conical shape in a front view; the cone is arranged in an arc shape in a side view; the cone displays a first central point and a second central point under the side view, the first central point and the second central point are respectively used as centers, and a radial angle scale structure is arranged towards the first end of the cone. The second end of the cone is arranged in the way, and the nail way angle is judged in an auxiliary way at the initial stage of nail way preparation and the completion stage of nail way preparation according to the angle scale structure.

Description

Expansion cone for assisting in judging nail path angle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, concretely relates to is an auxiliary expansion awl of judging nail way angle.

Background

The pedicle screw internal fixation operation is a basic technology of modern spinal surgery, and based on the anatomical characteristics of pedicles, pedicle screws penetrate through narrow pedicle channels to fix the spine; the angle of the pedicle screw insertion (especially the inclination angle) is one of the most important parameters, and how to accurately judge the angle (especially the inclination angle) is important for the operator, especially the beginner, especially when the scoliosis cone rotates. The requirements of the internal fixation operation of the vertebral pedicle screws of the spine on screw feeding points and screw feeding angles are extremely high, so that the accuracy of the internal fixation operation of the vertebral pedicle screws can be judged, and the determination of the screw feeding points and the screw feeding angles of the vertebral pedicle screws becomes one of the key factors of success and failure of the operation.

The cervical vertebra is the part with the greatest technical difficulty and the greatest risk in the process of implanting the pedicle screw, the positioning of the cervical vertebra nail feeding point is commonly performed by a Magerl method and a Roy-Camille method, the outer edge of a side block and an upper articular process are used as reference standards, and the positioning of the upper position and the lower position (namely the horizontal position) of the nail feeding point can be determined by X-ray fluoroscopy of a C arm in an operation.

At present, the angle of the screw to be placed into the vertebral pedicle is judged and estimated clinically by the experience of doctors, and the method has the following defects: if the personal experience is insufficient, accurate judgment cannot be carried out, so that the screw can be deviated when being installed in the pedicle of vertebral arch, the treatment effect can be influenced, medical accidents can be caused, and the treatment effect can be seriously influenced by wrong judgment particularly for novice doctors.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least. Therefore, the utility model provides an auxiliary expansion awl of judging nail way angle can assist and judge nail way angle for the angle can quantify.

Further, the first center point is at an upper end of the second center point.

Further, the angle scale structure includes angle scale mark and angle scale value, and the angle scale value includes: 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 55 degrees, 70 degrees, 90 degrees.

Further, the arc of the cone viewed from the side includes: the cone is arranged between the straight line where the first end of the cone is located and the straight line where the first center point is located, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the first end of the cone is 6-10 mm, and the longest distance of the cone of the straight line where the first center point is located is 4-6mm. The side of the awl is arc-shaped, so that when the nail path is prepared, the inner wall of the awl root (or the leather of other walls) can be protected by the arc-shaped surface, the possibility of touching the inner wall is prompted, and when the advancing resistance of the awl increases suddenly, the direction of the arc-shaped surface can be changed, so that the correct nail path direction is achieved.

Further, the longest distance of the first end of the cone is preferably 8 mm; the longest distance of the taper of the straight line where the first centre point is located is preferably 5 mm.

Further, the arc of the cone viewed from the side includes: the cone is arranged between the straight line where the first central point is located and the straight line where the second central point is located, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the cones between the straight lines where the second central points are located is 3-5 mm; the longest distance of the cones between the straight lines where said second centre points are located is preferably 4 mm. The side view arrangement can finely adjust the nail path through rotation, and can judge the correct running of the nail path through the hand feeling of nail placement.

Further, the height of the cone is 180-220 mm; the height of the cone is preferably 200 mm.

Further, the vertical distance between the point of the first center point and the first end of the cone is 130-170 mm, preferably 150 mm.

Further, the vertical distance between the point of the first center point and the point of the second center point is 30-70 mm, preferably 50 mm.

Further, the vertical distance between the point of the second center point and the second end of the cone is 8-12 mm, preferably 10 mm.

Further, the second end of the cone has a tapered height of 30-70 mm, preferably 50 mm, in a front view.

Further, the maximum distance of the conical uppermost end of the cone is 2 to 4 mm, preferably 3 mm, in a front view.

Furthermore, under the frontal view, the outer side of the cone is provided with a distance scale structure so as to conveniently judge the depth of the nail path.

Further, the distance scale structure comprises distance scale lines and distance scale values, and the distance between every two adjacent distance scale lines is 10 mm.

Further, the handle is provided with a shape which is convenient to take, and the shape of the handle is not limited.

The utility model has the advantages that: 1. through setting up this expansion awl, can effectively assist and judge nail way angle. The awl has two positions and marked scales to assist in judging the angle, one position is at the initial stage of nail path preparation, and the other position is at the completion stage of nail path preparation, so that the angle is more accurately judged; the nail can be marked according to the angle scale structure, so that the nail feeding direction is kept at an accurate angle, the subsequent operation is facilitated, and the accuracy and the reliability of the operation are improved. 2. The cone is arranged in an arc shape under the side view, so that when the nail path is prepared, the inner wall (or the leather of other walls) of the cone root can be protected by the arc-shaped surface, the possibility of touching the inner wall is prompted, and when the advancing resistance of the cone is suddenly increased, the direction can be changed by the arc-shaped surface, so that the correct nail path direction is achieved. 3. Through set up apart from scale structure in the cone outside, conveniently judge the degree of depth of putting into of inserted part. 4. The utility model discloses simple structure easily realizes, and realizes low cost, facilitate promotion.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a handle; 2. a cone; 21. a first end; 22. a second end; 23. a first center point; 24. a second center point; 25. an angle scale structure; 26. distance scale structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely in the specific embodiments, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. The utility model discloses can also implement or use through other different concrete implementation modes, under the circumstances of conflict-free, the characteristics in following embodiment and the embodiment can the intercombination, based on the embodiment of the utility model provides a, all other embodiments that ordinary skilled person in the art obtained under the prerequisite of not making creative work all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a front view provided by the present embodiment, and fig. 2 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a side view provided by the present embodiment;

in one embodiment, the application discloses an expansion cone for assisting in judging the angle of a nail path, which comprises a handle 1 and an insertion part; the lower end of the handle 1 is provided with an insertion part; the insertion part is set as a cone 2; one end of the cone 2 close to the handle 1 is a first end 21, and one end of the cone 2 far away from the handle 1 is a second end 22; the second end 22 of the cone 2 is arranged in a conical shape in a front view; the cone 2 is arranged in an arc shape in a side view; the cone 2 shows a first center point 23 and a second center point 24 in a side view, and a radial angle scale structure 25 is arranged towards the first end 21 of the cone 2 with the first center point 23 and the second center point 24 as centers. By means of the method, the second end 22 of the cone 2 is arranged, and the nail path angle is judged in an auxiliary mode in the initial nail path preparation stage and the completion nail path preparation stage according to the angle scale structure 25.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the height of the cone 2 is 180-220 mm; the height of the cone 2 is preferably 200 mm. The second end 22 of the cone 2 has a conical height of 30-70 mm, preferably 50 mm, when viewed from the front. The maximum distance of the uppermost end of the cone 2 in the front view is 2-4 mm, preferably 3 mm.

In one embodiment, the outside of the cone 2 is provided with a distance scale structure 26 when viewed from the front, to facilitate the determination of the depth of the nail path. The distance scale structure 26 comprises distance scale lines and distance scale values, with a distance of 10 mm between adjacent distance scale lines and distance scale values.

In one embodiment, the handle 1 is provided in a shape that is easy to access, and the shape is not limited; figures 1 and 2 show a knob 1, which conforms to the taking habit.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, first center point 23 is at the upper end of second center point 24; the beneficial effect of this kind of setting does: the angle is effectively assisted and judged in the whole process of nail path preparation, the second central point 24 helps the judgment angle in the initial stage of nail path preparation to enter the vertebral body along with the expansion cone, the radiation scale of the second central point 24 gradually enters the vertebral body, when the nail path preparation is completed (the thoracolumbar nail path depth is usually 4cm-5 cm), the radiation scale of the second central point 24 almost completely enters the vertebral body and cannot be observed, at the moment, the radiation scale of the first central point 23 is just positioned at the near end of the nail path inlet and can help the judgment angle again, and the effect of assisting the judgment angle in the whole process of nail path preparation is further achieved.

In one embodiment, the angle scale structure 25 includes angle scale lines and angle scale values including: 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 55 degrees, 70 degrees, 90 degrees. The 90 degree direction corresponding to the first center point 23 is perpendicular to the vertical line of the vertebral body and the 90 degree direction corresponding to the second center point 24 is perpendicular to the vertical line of the vertebral body. As shown in fig. 2.

In one embodiment, the arc of the cone 2 in side view comprises: the cone 2 is arranged between the straight line where the first end 21 of the cone 2 is located and the straight line where the first central point 23 is located, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the first end 21 of the cone 2 is 6-10 mm and the longest distance of the cone 2 on the straight line where the first centre point 23 is located is 4-6mm. One side of the lateral surface of the awl is arranged in an arc shape, so that when the nail path is prepared, the inner wall of the base of the awl (or the leather of other walls) can be protected by the arc-shaped surface, the possibility of touching the inner wall is prompted, and when the advancing resistance of the awl is suddenly increased, the direction can be changed by the arc-shaped surface so as to achieve the correct nail path direction; as shown in fig. 2.

In one embodiment, the longest distance of the first end 21 of the cone 2 is preferably 8 mm; the maximum distance of the cone 2 in the line of the first centre point 23 is preferably 5 mm.

In one embodiment, the arc of the cone 2 in side view comprises: the cone 2 is arranged between the straight line of the first central point 23 and the straight line of the second central point 24, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the cone 2 between the straight lines where the second central points 24 are located is 3-5 mm; the longest distance of the cone 2 between the straight lines where the second centre points 24 are located is preferably 4 mm. The side view arrangement can finely adjust the nail path through rotation, and can judge the correct running of the nail path through the hand feeling of nail placement.

In one embodiment the vertical distance between the point at which the first centre point 23 is located and the first end 21 of the cone 2 is 130-170 mm, preferably 150 mm. The vertical distance between the point of the first centre point 23 and the point of the second centre point 24 is 30-70 mm, preferably 50 mm. The vertical distance between the point at which the second centre point 24 is located and the second end 22 of the cone 2 is 8-12 mm, preferably 10 mm.

In use, the anterior side is parallel to the sagittal plane, the lateral side is perpendicular to the sagittal plane, and the second lateral side is medial, where the angle of the lateral side reflects the inclination of the medial side. The tip of the cone enters the opening of the vertebral body nail path, the angle is judged through the scale of the second central point 24, and the scale line consistent with the vertical direction is the inward inclination angle of the nail path (the inward inclination angle of the lumbar vertebral pedicle nail path is usually 5-15 degrees, the internal inclination angle of the thoracic vertebra is usually 10-40 degrees, and the internal inclination angle of the cervical vertebra is usually 40-50 degrees). After the inner inclination angle is adjusted, the expansion cone is rotated to the left and the right in a reciprocating way by a small amplitude to gradually go deep. Usually at a depth of around 2cm through the center of the pedicle (i.e., the narrowest point), careful perception of resistance of the awl into the bone is felt, indicating that the second side of the arc may touch or be proximate to the inner wall of the pedicle as resistance increases significantly. At the moment, the internal inclination angle of the awl is reduced or the internal inclination angle of the retreating awl is reduced again, and the nail path angle is corrected again and then the awl is placed again.

Along with the depth of the expansion cone, the scale of the second central point 24 gradually sinks into the vertebral body, and at this time, the good angle needs to be continuously judged and kept according to the scale of the first central point 23 until the preparation of the nail path is finished.

The expansion cone may also assist in determining the angle in the cephalad-caudal direction, where the lateral plane is parallel to the sagittal plane with the frontal plane perpendicular to the sagittal plane and the secondary plane is cephalad or caudal (corresponding to rotation of the position 90 deg. cephalad or caudal) where the angle of the lateral plane reflects the angle of craniocaudal inclination. The application method is the same as above.

The above description of the embodiments is only intended to illustrate the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several modifications can be made to the present invention, and these modifications will fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expansion cone for assisting in judging the angle of a nail path comprises a handle and an insertion part, and is characterized in that the insertion part is arranged at the lower end of the handle; the insertion part is provided with a cone; the end of the cone, which is close to the handle, is a first end, and the end of the cone, which is far away from the handle, is a second end; the second end of the cone is arranged in a conical shape in a front view; the cone is arranged in an arc shape in a side view; the cone displays a first central point and a second central point under the side view, the first central point and the second central point are respectively used as centers, and a radial angle scale structure is arranged towards the first end of the cone.

2. The driver cone of claim 1, wherein the first center point is at an upper end of the second center point.

3. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the track angle of the nail according to claim 1, wherein the angle scale structure comprises angle scale lines and angle scale values.

4. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to claim 1, wherein the arc shape of the cone in a side view comprises: the cone is arranged between the straight line where the first end of the cone is located and the straight line where the first center point is located, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the first end of the cone is 6-10 mm, and the longest distance of the cone of the straight line where the first center point is located is 4-6mm.

5. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to claim 1, wherein the arc shape of the cone in a side view comprises: the cone is arranged between the straight line where the first central point is located and the straight line where the second central point is located, the first side is a straight line, and the second side is an arc line; the longest distance of the cones between the straight lines of the second central points is 3-5 mm.

6. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the height of the cone is 180 to 220 mm.

7. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vertical distance between the point of the first center point and the first end of the cone is 130 to 170 mm.

8. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vertical distance between the point of the first central point and the point of the second central point is 30 to 70 mm.

9. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vertical distance between the point of the second center point and the second end of the cone is 8 to 12 mm.

10. The expansion cone for assisting in judging the nail path angle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a distance scale structure is provided on the outer side of the cone in a front view.